scholarly journals The influence of citrates Ag and Cu on the lipid composition of the tissues of the honey bees body and bee bread under the condition of their added to the feeding in the spring period

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (91) ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
I. I. Dvylyuk ◽  
I. I. Kovalchuk
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Free Cholesterol ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
Bee Bread ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Experimental Group

Experimental data of the lipid composition of the honey bees and bee bread in the spring period under the conditions of feeding sugar syrup with Ag and Cu citrates are presented in the article. The studies were conducted on 3 groups of bee colonies, three bee colonies each. Control group (I) received sugar syrup at a concentration of 1:1 (1000 ml per week), experimental (II) group received under similar conditions with sugar syrup 0.2 mg of Argentum and 0.2 mg of Cuprum in citrate form. The third experimental group was fed with sugar syrup Ag and Cu citrates at doses of 0.5 mg each per 1000 ml of sugar syrup per week. The study was lasted 36 days. Samples of tissues of the whole organism of honey bees in the amount of 30–35 pieces were selected for the study. from each bee colony and bee bread to determine the total lipid content by the Folch method and their separate fractions: phospholipids, mono- and diacylglycerols, free cholesterol, non-esterified fatty acids, triacylglycerols, esterified cholesterol glycol cholesterol using thin layer chromatography using silica gel plates Sorbfil. According to the results of the research, we found intergroup differences of total lipid content in the tissues of whole organism of the honey bees and bee bread of experimental groups in comparison with the control group. Higher levels of phospholipids, esterified cholesterol, and lower levels of free cholesterol, mono- and diacylglycerols and triacylglycerols were found in the tissue of bees II and III of the experimental group. Introduction of Ag and Cu citrates into the components of bee feeding in the bee bread the level of phospholipids (P ˂ 0.01), mono and diacylglycerols (group III), triacylglycerols increased against the decrease of free cholesterol (P ˂ 0.05) and esterified cholesterol (P ˂ 0.01).

scholarly journals Influence of Baikal EM1 preparation on the productive parameters of bee colonies (Apis mellifera L.) during spring and autumn feeding

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-246
Author(s):  
R. Shumkova ◽  
R. Balkanska
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
Worker Brood ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Worker Bee

Abstract. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of Baikal EM1 on the productive parameters of the bee colonies (Apis mellifera L.) during spring and autumn feeding and the chemical composition of the worker bee bodies. Two groups of bee colonies were formed (1 experimental group and 1 control group). During the spring feeding the experimental group was fed with Baikal ЕМ1 at a dose of 5 ml/0.500 L added in the sugar syrup (sugar:water 1:1) for 4 consecutive days at the start of the experiment. Each bee colony received 5 L sugar syrup. During the autumn feeding the experimental group received Baikal ЕМ1 at a dose of 20 ml/10 L sugar syrup. Each bee colony received 10 L sugar syrup. The control group received only sugar syrup. The spring and autumn feeding of the group fed with Baikal EM1 significantly increases the strength of the bee colonies and the amount of the sealed worker brood compared to the control group. According to the results obtained for the strength of the bee colonies and the bee brood supplementary feeding with Baikal EM1 is very effective in the autumn feeding. For these two parameters there are significant differences between the experimental and control on 29.08. (p<0.01), 10.09. (p<0.05) and 22.09.2018 (p<0.01). Statistically significant differences were reported for the strength of the bee colonies (p<0.01) and the amount of sealed worker brood (p<0.001) in the experimental group receiving Baikal EM1 before wintering compared to the control group. It can be expected to reveal a tendency for better spring development in the next year. Feeding with Baikal EM1 does not affect the chemical composition of worker bee bodies.

scholarly journals Mineral and lipid composition the body of the honeybees organism and the biological value of honey in the summer-autumn period under the conditions of feeding honey bees by citrate-capped silver and copper nanoparticles

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (89) ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
I. Dvylyuk
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Autumn Period ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
Experimental Group

The article presents the results of investigations of individual mineral elements – Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, Co, Pb, Cd in the tissues of the honeybees, common lipids and the ratio of their classes in the body of honey bees and the biological value of honey under the conditions of feeding of honey bees by citrate-capped silver and copper nanoparticlescitrates. The research was conducted on the honey bees of the Carpathian race on the basis of the apiary of the Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies Lviv in the summer-autumn period in 5 groups of bee colonies, formed on the principle of analogues, by three bees colony in each group. Control group (I) received a sugar syrup in 1:1 concentration (1000 ml/bee/week). Experimental group (II) additionally added to the syrup Ag in the amount of 0.5 mg/l of sugar syrup, the third experimental group – under similar conditions received Ag in the amount of 1 mg/l, IV group received 0.5 mg of sugar Cu syrup/l and V–Cu in the amount of 1 mg/l of sugar syrup. The trace elements were injected into a sugar syrup in the form of citrates obtained by the nanotechnology method from LLC Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies, Kyiv. Research period lasted 28 days at a feeding interval of 7 days. According to the research data, certain intergroup differences in the content of mineral elements in the bee organism have been established: the increase of Fe, Co, Cr content in the background of a probable decrease Zn in the samples of the whole body tissues of the IV and V experimental groups. Pb decrease in the content of the tissues of the body of all experimental groups with a high probability in the IV and V experimental groups (P < 0.02) was observed, as well as a tendency to decrease the level of Cd in the tissues of the whole organism in all experimental groups compared with the control group. According to the results of the conducted studies, the growth of the content of common lipids in the whole of the bees is observed and the probable differences in the fractional distribution of lipids are expressed. In particular, in the tissues of bees of all experimental group, higher levels of phospholipids and triacylglycerols were observed against the background of a decrease in the relative content of monodiacylglycerols, cholesterol. Feeding with sugar honey bees by citrate-capped silver and copper nanoparticles in the summer-autumn period was characterized by certain differences in the content of individual trace elements in honey in all experimental groups, in particular, higher content of Fe, Cu, Co in samples of honey IV and V experimental groups and decrease in the concentration of Cr, Pb, Cd. According to physico-chemical parameters, in honey of experimental groups, there were probably higher differences in the content of amino acids of proline, diastase activity, and a decrease in pH, water. The content of proline in samples of honey III and IV experimental groups was higher on 22.6% and 16.9% (P < 0.05–0.001) compared to control. In samples of honey II–V in experimental groups, diastase activity increased in 1.7–2.2 times (P < 0.01–0.001), while fluctuations of pH of honey by 4.0–5.0% (P < 0.001) were comparatively to control. Thereby, feeding with sugar syrup citrate-capped silver and copper nanoparticles, in doses of 0.5 and 1 mg, caused a certain corrective effect on the content of Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, Co, and antagonistic effects on Pb, Cd in tissues and production of honey bees.

scholarly journals Cannabis Extract Has a Positive–Immunostimulating Effect through Proteolytic System and Metabolic Compounds of Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera) Workers

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2190
Author(s):  
Patrycja Skowronek ◽  
Łukasz Wójcik ◽  
Aneta Strachecka
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Proteolytic System ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
Administration Method ◽  
Cannabis Extract ◽  
Compound Concentration ◽  
Experimental Group

In the study, we assessed the effect of hemp extract on activities of resistance parameters and the metabolic compound concentration in adult workers’ hemolymph. Bees were divided into the following groups: (1) control group fed with mixture of sugar and water-glycerine solution, (2) experimental group with pure sugar syrup and inside with cotton strips soaked with hemp extract, (3) experimental group with a mixture of sugar syrup with hemp extract. Hemp extracts caused an increase in the protein concentrations and reduced the protease activities regardless of the administration method. The protease inhibitor activities were decreased only in the group that received hemp extract on the strips. The biomarker activities (ALP, ALT, AST) increased from the control group and workers feeding extract in syrup and decreased in workers supplemented with the extract on strips. In young, 2-day-old workers, the glucose concentration was higher in the groups feeding with the extract than in the control. Hemp extract influenced an increase in urea concentrations in workers’ hemolymph in comparison with the control. The hemp supplementation positively influences the immune system of workers, and the appropriate method of administration may be adapted to the health problems of bees.

scholarly journals Effects of various sugar feeding choices on survival and tolerance of honey bee workers to low temperatures

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H.F. Abou-Shaara
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Sugar Feeding ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
High Preference ◽  
Feeding Type ◽  
Honey Bee Workers ◽  
Feeding Choices ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Mean Time

Beekeepers usually supply their colonies with alternatives to nectar (i.e. sugar feeding) during dearth periods of the year, especially cold times of winter. The objective of the study was to determine the best substances to feed bees to enhance the tolerance and survival of honey bees (<em>Apis</em> <em>mellifera</em> L.) to low temperatures. Seven feeding choices were compared under laboratory conditions. These feeding choices were: sugar syrup, liquid honey, creamed honey, honey candy, sugar candy, honey jelly, and honey/sugarcane juice jelly. The results showed that the number of bees attracted to each feeding choice was influenced significantly by feeding type. Worker bees were attracted to all feeding choices and showed a high preference to creamed honey, honey jelly or honey/juice jelly. The tolerance of honey bees to low temperature was enhanced when bees were fed on creamed honey, sugar syrup or honey candy. The mean time at which 50% of bees were able to survive ranged from 3 days (unfed bees) to 15.8 days (honey candy group). The survival rate of worker bees was highest when they fed on honey candy, creamed honey or sugar candy. In light of this study, creamed honey or honey candy can be considered the best feeding choices for bee colonies during winter to enhance their survival and tolerance to low temperatures.

scholarly journals Note: Recording of Some Beetles in Honey Bee Colonies

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.F. Abou-Shaara ◽  
M.E. Ahmad ◽  
J. Háva
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
The Other ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The World ◽  
Bee Bread ◽  
Small Hive Beetles ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract Honey bees are very valuable to human. These social insects contribute in the pollination of many crops. Also, the products from honey bee colonies have many nutritional and medicinal benefits. Thus, keeping honey bees are very valuable and can be considered as source of income to many families. There are many diseases and pests that attack honey bee colonies. The pests attack bee colonies include: hornets, wax moths, bee-eater birds, and beetles. Such challenges can impact the survival and productivity of honey bee colonies. In this study, some beetle species belong to Fam. Nitidulidae, Dermestidae and Mycetophagidae were detected in honey bee colonies in Egypt, during spring. Despite the presence of many beetle species in the agricultural environment, only few species preferred the invasion of the colonies for feeding. These beetles do not attack stages of honey bees. They only feed on stored pollen or bee bread, especially those fallen on the bottom of the beehives. This is an alarm to follow the feeding behavior and distribution of these beetles. These beetles’ species can be considered as potential pests to weak honey bee colonies, housed in old or damaged beehives. The presence of large numbers of these beetles in weak colonies may disturb the activities of the bees and may passively impact the survival of the colonies. Listing these beetles is very important to better understanding the interaction between honey bees and beetles. On the other side, small hive beetles were not detected in the colonies. These beetles are currently one of the major problems facing honey bees in different parts of the world. This study confirms the absence of small hive beetles from Egypt.

scholarly journals Effects on Some Therapeutical, Biochemical, and Immunological Parameters of Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Exposed to Probiotic Treatments, in Field and Laboratory Conditions

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 638
Author(s):  
Ivana Tlak Gajger ◽  
Josipa Vlainić ◽  
Petra Šoštarić ◽  
Janez Prešern ◽  
Jernej Bubnič ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Field And Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Negative Factors ◽  
Bee Colonies

Several negative factors contribute to a decline in the number of insect pollinators. As a novel approach in therapy, we hypothesize that the EM® for bees could potentially have an important therapeutic and immunomodulatory effect on honey bee colonies. The aim of our study was to evaluate its impact on honey bees at the individual and colony level. This is the first appliance of the commercial probiotic mix EM® PROBIOTIC FOR BEES in honey bees as economically important social insects. The sugar syrup with 10% of probiotic was administered by spraying or feeding the honey bee colonies in the field conditions, in order to evaluate the infection levels with spores of Nosema spp. and colonies’ strength. Moreover, in laboratory-controlled conditions, in the hoarding cages, adult workers have been fed with sugar syrup supplemented with 2.5, 5, and 10% of EM® for bees for biochemical and immunological analyses of hemolymph, and with 5 and 10% for measuring the size of hypopharyngeal glands. It was found that following the EM® for bees administration the Nosema spp. spore counts in colonies were significantly reduced, and colonies’ strength was increased. The results at the individual level showed significant positive physiological changes in treated groups of adult bees, revealing at the same time a higher mortality rate when feeding sugar syrup supplemented with the probiotic.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF ANTHROPOGENIC AND BIOTIC FACTORS ON THE POPULATION OF BEE COLONIES IN THE RYAZAN REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Е.О. ЛАРЬКИНА ◽  
Д.В. СВИЩУК ◽  
Е.П. ЛАПЫНИНА
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Biotic Factors ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Lead Zinc ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Bee Colonies

Проблема и цель. Целью научного исследования является изучение влияния антропогенных и биотических факторов на популяцию медоносной пчелы Рязанской области. Методология. Объект исследования: пчелиные семьи пасек разных районов Рязанской области, продукты пчеловодства. Для исследования были выбраны четыре участка пасеки, расположенные в границах Рязанской области. Опытные группы (далее ОГ) сформировали следующие участки: Кадомский район, д. Большое Лунино (54°34'58'' N, 42°21'25'' E) – ОГ №1; Захаровский район, д. Фурмакино (54°31'18'' N, 38°57'59'' E) – ОГ №2; Рыбновский район, с. Алешня (54°65'23'' N, 39°34'44'‘ E) – ОГ №3. В качестве контрольной группы (далее КГ) выбрана экспериментальная пасека Рыбновского района, с. Булыгино (54°66'58'' N, 39°26'52'' E). Пробоподготовка осуществлялась в период начала активного медосбора, путем отбора трех образцов каждого природного объекта. Образцы медоносных пчел отбирались от 5 пчелиных семей с каждого исследуемого участка, а также проводился отбор проб воды, медоносных растений и почвы. Для анализа степени пораженности заболеваниями нозематоз и варроатоз от каждой исследуемой пчелиной семьи было отобрано по 50-60 рабочих пчел. Результаты. Проведен сравнительный анализ на содержание токсичных металлов в образцахводы, почвы, теле медоносной пчелы, медоносных растений, пыльцевой обножки. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о том, что содержание кадмия, свинца, цинка и меди в образцах воды, медоносных растений, пыльцевой обножки и теле медоносных пчел находятся в предельно допустимой концентрации. Анализ образцов почвы показал превышение допустимой концентрации во всех исследуемых районах, за исключением Кадомского. Заключение. Загрязнение тяжелыми металлами прослеживается в цепочке: почва – медоносные растения – медоносная пчела – продукты пчеловодства в образцах Захаровского р-на, д. Фурмакино. В связи с этим размещение пасек в местах с повышенным содержанием токсичных элементов в природной среде может создавать угрозу интоксикации медоносных пчел и заноса этих металлов в продукты пчеловодства. Problem and goal. The purpose of the research is to study the infuence of anthropogenic and biotic factors on the population of the honey bee of the Ryazan region. Methodology. Object of research: bee families of apiaries of diferent districts of the Ryazan region, bee products. Four apiary plots located within the boundaries of the Ryazan Region were selected for the study. The experimental groups (hereinafter referred to as OG) formed the following sections: Kadomsky district, Bolshoe Lunino village (54°34 '58" N, 42°21'25" E) – OG No. 1, Zakharovsky district, Furmakino village (54°31'18" N, 38°57'59" E) – OG No. 2, Rybnovsky district, Aleshnya village (54°65'23" N, 39°34'44" E) - OG No. 3. As a control group (hereinafter referred to as the KG), the experimental apiary of the Rybnovsky district, p. Bulygino (54°66'58" N, 39°26'52" E). Sample preparation was carried out during the beginning of the active honey collection, by selecting three samples of each natural object. Samples of honey bees were taken from 5 bee colonies from each study site, as well as water, honey plants and soil samples. To analyze the degree of infection with nosematosis and varroatosis from each studied bee family, 50-60 worker bees were selected. Results. A comparative analysis of the content of toxic metals in samples of water, soil, honeybee body, honey plants, pollen pollen was carried out. The data obtained indicate that the content of cadmium, lead, zinc and copper in the samples of water, honey plants, pollen pollen and honey bees are in the maximum permissible concentration. The analysis of soil samples showed an excess of the permissible concentration in all the studied areas, with the exception of Kadomsky. Conclusion. Heavy metal contamination can be traced in the chain: soil-honey plants – honey bee-bee products in the samples of Zakharovsky district, Furmakino village. In this regard, the placement of apiaries in places with a high content of toxic elements in the natural environment can pose a threat to the intoxication of honey bees and the introduction of these metals into beekeeping products.

scholarly journals Influence of spring feed on the strength of honey bee colonies during spring development

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1757-1760
Author(s):  
B. Andjelkovic ◽  
G. Jevtic ◽  
M. Mladenovic ◽  
M. Petrovic ◽  
T. Vasic
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Colony Development ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Fourth Group ◽  
The Third ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Bee Colonies

The strength of honey bee colonies during year depends on wintering and on biologic development of colonies during spring period. To ensure satisfactory colony development in spring period, it is necessary to add stimulative feed. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of different types of spring feed on the honey bee colony strength. Twenty honey bee colonies were selected for this experiment. Colonies were divided into five groups, and each group received different stimulative feed. The first group was fed with sugar syrup, and the second with sugar syrup with added microelements and with vitamin complex. The third group received sugar candy without additives, and the fourth group received sugar candy with addition of microelements and vitamins. The fifth group was fed with honey. The experiment was conducted on the apiary of the Institute for forage crops in Krusevac.

scholarly journals Feeding stimulates functional abilities of queen bees of the Carpathian subspecies

2021 ◽  
Vol 935 (1) ◽  
pp. 012022
Author(s):  
O P Ulugov ◽  
A Sharipov ◽  
V N Sattarov ◽  
V G Semenov ◽  
A I Skvortsov
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Functional Abilities ◽  
Feed Mixture ◽  
The Third ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
Organism Growth ◽  
Queen Bees ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract The researches were conductedon queen bees of the Carpathian subspecies in conditions of Tajikistan. Four groups of similar families were formed, 10 in each group. In the control group, sugar syrup (1:2) was given as a stimulating feeding, in small portions of 700 ml. Bees of the first experimental group were fed with the sugar syrup, with the addition of drone larvas’ homogenate. The second group was fed with the sugar syrup with addition of a feed mixture “Similak”, the third group - sugar syrup with the addition of a compositional form consisting of a feed mixture “Similak” and the drone larvas’ homogenate. In the experimental groups, in contrast to the control group, an increase in the egg production of queen bees and the brood breeding reflex by 1.3-1.44 times was found.In general, it has been established that to stimulate the physiological processes in bee’ organism, growth and development of colonies in spring, it is necessary to use stimulating feeding by sugar syrup in combination with drone larvas’ homogenate and feed mixture “Similak” 700 ml each.

Biological indicators of bee families against the background of stimulating additives

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
A. G. Mannapov ◽  
A. N. Krichevtsova ◽  
Yu. N. Kutlin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Summer Generation ◽  
Bee Bread ◽  
New Generation

Modeling of hive buildings with the architectonics of cells close to the natural sample against the background of stimulating additives can become an effective biological and technological lever not only in increasing the productivity of bee families, but also in rearing complete offspring in bee generations. This is especially relevant in association to the reproduction of the spring generation of honey bees. A characteristic feature of this period is that bee colonies should show high nesting activity and increase their strength. At the same time, the amino acids of honey bees play an important role in the detoxification of poisons, which is especially characteristic of histidine. The importance of tyrosine in the metabolism of honey bees as a class of insects is difficult to overestimate, because its derivatives play the important role not only in the formation of the exoskeleton of insects, but also in the creation of body color, they are also part of protective secretions and probably serve as chemical mediators of the nervous system. It has been proved that the spring-summer development of bee families was most active after wintering against the background of stimulating additives with inverted sugar syrup with the addition of cobalt chloride or drug Apinik, or in combination with 10 % bee bread and the construction of new-generation wax honeycombs, which compared with the control group, ensured the achievement of the maximum parameters of the growth indices of strength and construction activity for the construction of honeycombs – in 3,0, 4,26, 4,52 and in 0,86, 1,0 and 1,0 (in the control group – 2,61 and 0,57) and increased the live weight of bee individuals of the summer generation by 4,18, 4,6 and 4,7 %. It has been found that minerals, essential amino acids of the drug Apinik, associated with str. Fasium microorganisms, and 10 % bee bread as part of stimulating additives top dressing against the background of the renewal of new-generation wax combs before the main honey collection, increase the volume of hemolymph in inactive worker bees by 6,76–7,63 %, the degree of development of the fat body by 10,0 %, and in nectar-collecting bees by 6,75–8,16 % and 5,56–7,88 %, respectively. At the same time, the increase in the level of the amino acids histidine and tyrosine was recorded in inactive worker bees by 0,76–1,56 % and by 16,56–17,72 %, in nectar-collecting bees by 2,53–3,19 % and 28,68–30,08 %, respectively. This indicates the receipt of the complete generation of working bees of the summer generation, which will actively work on the main honey collection, providing economically useful traits of bee families.

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