scholarly journals TAX REGULATION OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES OF BUSINESS ENTITIES IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1(86)) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmyla Berezovskaya ◽  
Inna Dolzhenko
Keyword(s):  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
The State ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Tax Credit ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Tax Payments ◽  
Tax Regulation

The successful functioning of business entities and their achievement of strategic advantages in a competitive environment largely depend on the effectiveness of their innovative activities. Therefore, an important area of tax regulation in the country should be to stimulate the attraction of investments for the introduction of innovations into economic activities. The purpose of the article is to assess the tax regulation of innovative activities of business entities in Ukraine and to develop proposals for its improvement. To achieve this goal, a systematic approach, an abstract-logical method, an economic-statistical and a comparison method were used. The authors analyzed the state of legislative regulation of innovative activity in Ukraine and identified its shortcomings regarding the interpretation of the concept of «innovative activity». The methods of tax incentives for innovative activities, contained in the legislation of Ukraine, have been investigated. It is proved that, unlike foreign countries, tax support for innovative projects in Ukraine has not yet received a stimulating character and has not become a means of activating the process of modernizing the material and technical base of enterprises. It was stated that according to the indicators of the European Innovation Board (EIT), the position of Ukraine is defined as the crane «Innovator that is being formed». It is noted that it is possible to start the process of innovative renewal of the national economy, subject to the introduction of a policy of tax incentives and the construction of an effective taxation model for innovative activities of a stimulating nature. The state of foreign investment and innovation activity of business entities in Ukraine has been analyzed. The possible directions of using tax instruments to stimulate innovative technologies have been substantiated, which include tax holidays for startups, the use of accelerated depreciation, a tax credit for the payment of payroll taxes, the introduction of a tax credit for income tax, a deferral of tax payments and carry forward of losses.

scholarly journals Analysis of state instruments for stimulating innovative technologies in the context of global digitalization

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (92) ◽  
pp. 91-117
Author(s):  
Yuliia Mazur ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Location ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
The State ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Stimulation Of

The use of innovative technologies implies, on the part of an enterprise, the development of scientific and design strategies for updating manufacturing processes of products, and, on the part of the state, effective tools to stimulate the innovative activity of business entities. Tax incentives lead to a shortfall in public revenues or resources that could be used in other forms of government support. To assess the effectiveness of their use, an analysis of the amount of expenses for their provision and incomes that are received from their use was carried out. For this, the place of innovations in enterprises’ economic activities and their impact on the economy in the context of global digitalization is considered. Directions of innovations’ implementation and their significance in the real sector of the economy are defined. In many countries of the world strategic programs for the development of enterprises’ innovative activities are being developed and improved. Their analysis has shown the relevance of the latter in the context of the implementation of the up-to-date digital technologies. Problems, faced by countries with lower than middle gross income (Ukraine are among them), are outlined. On the basis of peculiarities of state instruments, directed on stimulation of the enterprises’ innovative activity, the expediency of using various types of support for the development of innovative technologies is substantiated – not only from the state, but also from research institutions and enterprises themselves. This can be facilitated by the state through the utilization of appropriate regulatory instruments (budgetary, fiscal, etc.). The analysis of tax incentives effectiveness for innovative activity in advanced countries is carried out. Considered are modern analytical tools for assessing tax incentives for enterprises. The efficiency of tax incentives for their innovative activity in the context of global digitalization has been defined. Possible directions of using state instruments to stimulate innovative technologies in Ukraine have been substantiated. The main requirement for tax incentives for national innovations should be the pursuit by a business entity of activities, aimed at achieving scientific and technological progress in conditions of scientific or technological uncertainty. Tax incentives should be available to innovative enterprises, regardless of their geographic location and size within the state. They should allow the deduction of a part of qualified expenses from the amount of corporate income tax of innovative enterprises. They must be provided on a non-refundable basis within a statutory period of time. They should be designed to minimize the potential for corruption in the provision of incentives and abuse by taxpayers in their use. The government's assessment of expected costs and benefits from fiscal stimulation of innovative activities of Ukrainian enterprises should be similar to the assessment of other types of tax expenses, taking into account the institutional features of the national economic development.

scholarly journals ПОДАТКОВІ ІНСТРУМЕНТИ ФІНАНСОВОГО ПІДТРИМКИ МАЛОГО БІЗНЕСУ В РОСІЇ

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Марина Михайлівна Богданова
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
The State ◽  
Tax Burden ◽  
Tax Regimes ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Tax Holidays ◽  
Tax Payments

This article is devoted to the study of the topic of tax levers for regulating the activities of small businesses in Russia. Tax aspects of business are included in the scope of financial support from the state for legal entities and individual entrepreneurs. The aim of the study is to analyze the tax instruments through which the state provides financial support to small businesses. The subject of the research is the measures of state financial support for small businesses in terms of taxation. In the course of the research, such methods were applied as: comparative, statistical, descriptive, analysis and synthesis. Research hypothesis. Identification of the optimal tax instruments for financial support of small business will allow the subjects of this sphere of the economy to function effectively without causing a conflict of interest between entrepreneurship and the state in paying taxes to the budget. Presentation of the main material. Small business entities in the Russian Federation have the right to state support in the form of financial, property, information, and consulting assistance. Financial assistance, as the most significant, consists in the provision of government subsidies, preferential types of loans, tax holidays, special tax regimes, simplified accounting procedures, etc. Tax instruments of financial support are of key importance for business entities, as they allow regulating the tax burden depending on the types of activities, the scale of the organization, the amount of income and many other factors. For Russian business entities, there are 5 taxation regimes, of which one is general and four special (preferential), tax holidays for small businesses and tax incentives for types of taxes. Originality and practical significance of the research. A comparative analysis of special tax regimes showed that the profitability of a particular tax regime is determined by the goals of the business, the scale and scope of activity. Conclusions and prospects for further use. The use of special tax regimes helps to optimize tax payments, and tax incentives reduce the tax burden of business entities. However, in the current conditions of the spread of the pandemic, increased attention from the state to small businesses is required in order to regulate the possible loss of profitability due to the introduction of restrictive measures, and, as a result, a decrease in the population's ability to pay, which, in turn, will negatively affect the replenishment of the country's budget with tax payments.

scholarly journals Tax Incentives as an Instrument of Tax Regulation of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
Svitlana Savitska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
The State ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Tax Benefits ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tax Regulation

Abstract. Introduction. In modern economic theory, theoretical discussions constantly arise about the feasibility and effectiveness of tax incentives. Tax incentives, under certain conditions, are an effective tool for supporting national competitiveness and creating a new technological core of any economic system, especially a transformational one. At the same time, the conditions for the effectiveness of the benefits provided are their strict purpose, time constraints and constant comprehensive monitoring. In addition, benefits have a certain psychological effect on business entities and increase the investment activity of enterprises. On the other hand, the ineffective practice of preferential taxation contributes to the formation of significant losses of budgetary resources of the state, which leads to a violation of economic stability, a slowdown in economic development and a decrease in the level of financial security of the state. The above confirms the relevance of the study of the impact of tax incentives on the formation of budget revenues, as well as the search for ways to optimize preferential taxation in Ukraine. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to summarize the theoretical aspects of the use of tax incentives as an instrument of tax regulation and to study the effect of preferential taxation on the formation of budget revenues in Ukraine. Results. The theoretical foundations of the functioning of tax incentives are considered. Approaches to the interpretation of the concept of "tax incentive" are generalized and its economic essence is revealed. The advantages and disadvantages of tax incentives, the rights of taxpayers to use tax incentives have been identified. The types of tax benefits in terms of direct taxes have been investigated and systematized. The analysis of losses of the state and local budgets from the provision of tax incentives has been carried out. The main sectors of the economy have been identified and analyzed, where more tax benefits are directed. Conclusions.It was found that the system of providing tax incentives in Ukraine is ineffective. Therefore, there is no doubt about the need to reduce the volume of tax benefits provided to business entities, mainly on non-transparent principles and lead to large-scale budget losses. Tax breaks are not directed to those industries that really need support, but to those that are lobbied in parliament. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce a clear mechanism for the provision of tax benefits, their monitoring, control of losses and benefits of each benefit. Proposals have been developed to improve the system of granting tax benefits and to strengthen control over their development.

scholarly journals The Evidence of the Fiscal Incentive to Increase the HDI: The Case of Maranhão

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Fernando Silva Lima ◽  
Mariano Yoshitake
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
The State ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Tax Incentive ◽  
Fiscal Incentives ◽  
Fiscal Incentive ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
The Impact

This article is the result of an investigation about tax incentives in the State of Maranhão, where the purpose was to answer the question: what is the efficiency of tax incentives in relation to the impact on the state of employment? The hypothesis behind this research is that the idea of the Maranese government to create fiscal incentives to stimulate the generation of employment and income can not impact the regions with low human development index (HDI). The general objective of this article is to verify the relationship between the fiscal incentive and the balance of jobs between 2010 and 2016 in Maranhão in regions with lower HDI. The specific objectives are: to investigate the policy of granting the fiscal incentive "more companies" in Maranhão; compare the number of jobs generated with the number of companies that benefited from the tax incentive; to verify the evolution of the jobs generated in each mesoregion and to know the economic activities that generate more jobs in the state. This study is justified because it believes in the relevance it can bring to the academic environment and to the society that encompasses government, companies and professionals, since it presents a more comprehensive perspective regarding economic development in the local regional government of Maranhão. It considers the methodology of this study, a field research, but of quantitative-descriptive character. Among the results, it was identified that the fiscal incentive had no impact on job creation in the Meso-regions that have the lowest HDI indices in the state of Maranhão between 2010 and 2016.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of tax incentives for innovative activity in the Russian Federation: assessment and calculation

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-50
Author(s):  
Irina Alekseevna Korostelkina ◽  
Anastasiya Olegovna Androsova
Keyword(s):  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Tax Incentive ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control

The subject of this research is tax incentive that is a part of the process of innovative activity. Taxation is viewed as a tool for advancement of innovations. The experience of foreign countries demonstrates that government support in the form of funding, tax incentives, government subsidized loans, and creation of essential infrastructure play a big role in modernization processes. Expansion of the practice of implementation of tax incentives for stimulating innovations requires a theoretical comprehension of this process. This article examines the coefficient that characterizes economic effectiveness of tax incentives as correlation of separate indexes of innovation activity of recipients and benefits from tax spending. Assessment is conducted on the effectiveness of tax incentives in accordance with the data on innovation activity and tax revenue from different sectors that are leaders in the innovation sphere. The following conclusions were made: tax mechanism of stimulating innovation activity are not very popular and effective; precision of calculation is significantly affected by the current issues with the information base: complete absence of information with respect to stimulus recipients; the results of analysis demonstrate that the rate of increase of decreasing budget revenue surpasses the rate of growth that characterizes innovation activity of the taxpayer that testifies to the insufficient effectiveness of the provided tax incentives, prompting suggestion of new means for stimulation of tax incentives. The author proposes to amend statistical tax report, highlighting the information on the entire range of existing tax incentives. Consideration and control over rationality of tax incentive mechanisms would allow optimizing the list of tax incentives for innovation activity, as well as expand the list of sectors that use such incentives.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF FORMS AND METHODS OF INVESTMENT SUPPORT OF INNOVATION ACTIVITIES OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Олег Беспрозванних ◽  
Петро Перерва
Keyword(s):  
Financial Support ◽  
The State ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Credit Institution ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Innovation Projects ◽  
Financial Credit ◽  
State Financing

To solve the problems of stimulating the development of innovative activity of domestic enterprises, a number of regulatory acts have been developed in Ukraine today that regulate relations in the sphere of investment in innovation. National legislation defines the following forms of investment of innovative activity: state (municipal) investment, commercial investment, social investment, foreign investment, general investment. In order to receive financial support, the subjects of innovation activity whose innovation projects are listed in the State Register of Innovation Projects shall submit to the State Innovation Financial-Credit Institution (its regional branches) innovative projects and all necessary documents, the list of which is determined by it. The subject of innovative activity, the innovative project of which has been competitively selected, may receive one or more types of financial support from the innovative financial-credit institution, depending on the competitive procedure established by the competitive procedure. Financial support for the implementation of innovative projects can be provided in the form of successive tranches as a result of monitoring the progress of project implementation.The analysis of the structure of state financing of innovation activity by types of economic activity of subjects of innovation in 2018 allows to determine the priority branch of chemical and petrochemical industry. Investing of own funds of subjects of innovative activity is realized through capital investments and financial investments. Structural analysis of sources of financing of innovative activity in Ukraine allows to distinguish the overwhelming share of own funds of the enterprises in the total volumes of financing of their innovative activity. But in the conditions of insufficient level of state support of innovative activity of enterprises and instability of their financial results, as the main source of own funds for investing, the role of financial and credit providing of investments by the subjects of the financial market significantly increases.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF AIRCRAFT ENTERPRISES OF UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 134-146
Author(s):  
V.I. Karyuk
Keyword(s):  
Process Development ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Aircraft Industry ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Basic Approaches

The article describes the essence and basic approaches to the concept of "innovation", formed the author's concept of innovative development of the enterprise; in the process of studying the specifics of the aeronautical sector of Ukraine considered and analyzed the components of innovative development of the aircraft industry, identified the main negative trends that characterize the state of innovative development of the aircraft industry of Ukraine caused by economic crises and the problem of import substitution; analyzed the dynamics of enterprises engaged in the production of aircraft and spacecraft and related equipment, and in particular those that are innovative, based on which it was concluded that the level of development of innovation in the domestic aviation industry is quite low and has a declining trend. confirmed by the low level of implementation of technological innovations and the reduction in the number of aircraft companies engaged in innovative activities; It is established that the innovative development of domestic aircraft industry is currently extensive, as the increase in innovation is more than 80% through the purchase of machinery, equipment and software from third parties at a constant level of the existing technical basis of production and almost no own research and development; a system of measures aimed at forming an updated paradigm of development of innovative activity of the aviation industry of Ukraine is proposed, which provide for: integration of higher educational institutions, scientific institutions, international scientific organizations into the innovation process; development of the system of financial and credit support for the implementation of scientific, technical and innovative programs; technological re-equipment and structural restructuring of production; improving the organizational structure of business entities; technology transfer; development and stimulation of scientific and inventive potential of enterprises; introduction of effective mechanisms of state support of innovative activity of enterprises.

LEGAL FUNDAMENTALS OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Nitchenko ◽  
◽  
Nataliia Morska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Practical Experience ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Regulatory Documents

The scientific article presents the basic principles of innovation from the standpoint of law. The problems of legislative and normative-legal provision of the basic principles of innovation activity on the territory of Ukraine are considered. It was found that the basic principles of innovation in Ukraine are regulated by a number of legislative and regulatory documents. The legal content of the category "innovation" is revealed, based on the provisions of the legal framework. The legal peculiarities of innovation activity on the territory of Ukraine are determined. Objects and subjects of innovation activity are analyzed. The directions of implementation of innovative activity on the territory of Ukraine are considered. The role of the state in guaranteeing the subjects of innovation activity favorable conditions for innovation activity in accordance with the provisions of legislative and regulatory documents is revealed. The key functions of the state, which are to control and regulate the basic principles of innovation in Ukraine, are considered. The key areas of innovation in Ukraine are outlined, based on the provisions of the legal framework. The mode of implementation of innovative activity by technology parks, which is based on special legal bases, is characterized. The practical experience of carrying out innovative activity on the territory of Ukraine is analyzed. Prospects for further research in the direction of studying the legislation governing the basic principles of innovation from the standpoint of law, which are a more thorough study of legislation with the allocation of promising areas to improve the legal regulation of innovation in Ukraine in accordance with international standards and norms.

LEGAL PROVISION OF CONTROL FOR COMPLIANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE PERMITTING SYSTEM OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-86
Author(s):  
Sergiy Vitvitskyi ◽  
◽  
Andriy Zakharchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
State Control ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Legal Provision ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
National Police ◽  
Exhaustive List

The article analyzes the state of legal support for compliance with the requirements of the permitting system of the Internal Affairs. The focus is on the problematic issues that arise in the activities of the National Police in exercising such control. According to the results of the study, in order to improve the legal support of control over the observance of the requirements of the permitting system of the Internal Affairs bodies, it is proposed: 1) introduction of an approach that will provide for the authorized bodies (units) of the National Police to conduct scheduled and unscheduled inspections of compliance with the permitting system (including the establishment of an exhaustive list of grounds for unscheduled inspections), as well as detailed regulation of preparatory actions of these bodies (units) conducting such inspections; 2) consolidation of the powers of the police to apply such a measure to respond to violations of the rules at the facilities of the permitting system, as the suspension of the operation of the facility until the identified violations are eliminated; 3) specification of the provisions of the legislation regarding the range of persons in whose presence the inspections of compliance with the requirements of the permitting system are to be carried out, including employees of enterprises, institutions, organizations, natural persons-entrepreneurs responsible for acquisition (storage, transportation) of items, materials and substances covered by the permitting system; 4) determination of the procedure for seizure by the police of weapons, other items and materials covered by the permitting system, in case of detection of violations threatening public safety at the objects of the permitting system; 5) establishment of rules aimed at coordinating the activities of the National Police and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine in monitoring compliance by business entities with the permitting system and compliance with licensing conditions for relevant economic activities in order to prevent these bodies from carrying out state control measures the same issues.

scholarly journals THE FEATURES OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY IN THE RUSSIAN REGIONS

Globus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1(58)) ◽  
pp. 27-29
Author(s):  
А.A. Kokorina ◽  
I.A. Koroleva
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Classification Of Regions ◽  
Degree Of Innovation

The article discusses the problem of enhancing innovation in the regions. The classification of regions according to the degree of innovation activity is given. The role of small innovative companies is defined. The article provides an overview of the possibilities for the development of innovative activity in the regions, measures taken by the state to develop innovations and identifies possible ways to improve support.

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