scholarly journals TOOLS OF CLUSTER POLICY IMPLEMENTATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Prisyazhnyuk ◽  
Natalia Shulpina
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
National Level ◽  
Industrial Clusters ◽  
Cluster Policy ◽  
Cluster Development ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Smart Specialization ◽  
Different Levels

The article considers the current tools for the implementation of cluster policy in Ukraine, taking into account the practice and experience of European countries. The relationship between cluster policies and tools for their implementation at the national, regional and local levels has been studied. It is substantiated that modern attempts to develop and implement cluster policy at different levels in Ukraine are dissonant, fragmentary and have a more declarative than applied content. This is evidenced by the lack of appropriate legislation at the national level and distortions in defining “reasonable specialization” of regions, lack of effective communication, financial donations, mechanisms and tools for promoting and implementing cluster policies in both regions and the state as a whole. Given the above, we will focus the plane of the problem field on the main vectors of integrated cluster policy in Ukraine: tools and programs at the cluster level; tools and programs at the regional level; national policies and strategies that define sectoral priorities and directions of development and are directly related to cluster development (industrial policy, innovation, export, digital), as well as national regional development policy). Mechanisms that determine the general economic course and conditions, primarily tax, financial and organizational instruments. The study of tools for the implementation of cluster policies at different levels has convincingly demonstrated the need for their comprehensive interaction within a single national cluster development strategy. It is thanks to the purposeful policy of promoting the development of clusters in Ukraine that it is possible to develop supply chains of goods and services with their further integration into European value chains; to implement research and innovation strategies of smart specialization in the regions; to solve problems of ecology and efficient use of resources by introduction of ecological innovations, eco-industrial clusters and parks; to equalize socio-economic distortions in the development of sectors of the economic system.

scholarly journals Foresight as a tool of public administration in the field of science, technology and innovation

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
T. Kvasha ◽  
◽  
L. Musina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
National Level ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Smart Specialization ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time ◽  
Science Technology And Innovation

Given the growing role of technological foresight as a tool for reconciling visions, goals and ways of STI development in an era of rapid technological change and global challenges, the approach to foresight research to select priorities for science and innovation in Ukraine for 2022–2026 has been improved. It takes into account a wide range of national targets for achieving SDGs by 2030. The developed Methodological recommendations provided a thorough analysis of more than 3,000 potentially acceptable technological and innovative proposals. The approach to setting STI priorities is new for Ukraine and involves a consistent process of selecting the top 30 most acceptable proposals in each of the seven thematic areas through five stages of discussions and evaluations. The result was the formation of a database of technology passports and developments on the experts’ proposals, their selection by practitioners, ranking, evaluation in terms of the potential of Ukrainian science and relevance in terms of world science and new technologies using international databases. They are the basis for decisions by the Expert Councils and the High-Level Working Group on key thematic areas and the preparation of a relevant draft government decision. Despite the conditions of quarantine, for the first time more than 2,500 experts from science, business, state and public organizations took part in the discussions, which is the basis for impartial and public decision-making. To strengthen the role of foresight as a tool for public planning and management in the field of STI, it is proposed to develop a STI roadmap as part of a research and innovation strategy for smart specialization (RIS 3) at the national level.

scholarly journals Conception of multifunctional rural areas regional development

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (95) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
P. M. Muzyka ◽  
L. V. Goncharenko ◽  
D. O. Solomonko
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Strategy Development ◽  
Cluster Development ◽  
Business Support ◽  
Smart Specialization

Priorities of conception of regional rural areas multifunctional development are revealed in the article. Experience in European Union countries and European Green Deal policy is taken into account  for rural areas development in regional level. Priorities of sustainable development policy in rural areas and regional agri-food industry are certainly in ground  of strategy development due to cluster initiatives in the Lviv Region. Certainly priorities and advantages of cluster development strategy in rural areas recognition experience and prospects of transborder cooperation initiative. Possibility in farms economic development providing is examined within the framework of clusters for achievement of synergy effect and positive influence on the economic, ecological and social sphere in region. Cluster conception of development is realized in the Lviv Region  allowed to provide economic support of farms, develop infrastructural ecosystem of business support and complex to define priorities of multifunctional rural areas  development in regional level. Perspective directions of integrated development of craft food producers within the framework in regional clusters at the level of counties in Lviv Area are grounded. Offered approach of institutional development in regional level with the purpose of multifunctional rural areas development with balance between  economy, ecological and social constituents within the framework to the cluster for realization of farms competitive edges during the correct keeping of products in the internal market. Certainly priorities of state business support in regional agri-food  industry during realization of cluster development initiatives and measures of stimulant influence are for providing modernization changes on principles of Smart Specialization.

Perspectives of cross-border clusters development in the border oblasts of the Western Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-71
Author(s):  
Olha Demedyuk
Keyword(s):  
Border Region ◽  
Cluster Policy ◽  
Cluster Development ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Western Border ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Smart Specialization ◽  
Developed World ◽  
The Eu

Clusters are considered to be the key to secure the competitiveness of the regional economy and implementation of goals under the innovative smart specialization directions in the entire developed world, including most EU countries. The EU is conducting a comprehensive goal-oriented cluster policy, which is part of its industrial policy. It supports and develops numerous initiatives, provides funding by the programs concerning clustering, and promotes the visibility and internationalization of clusters. Meanwhile, in Ukraine, the cluster policy is lacking. Although the importance of clusters development is noted in several programs and strategic documents, there isn’t any actual organizational or financial support of their activity. The paper aims to define the perspectives of cross-border clusters development along the Western border of Ukraine, taking into account their proximity to the EU, areas of specialization of adjoining regions, and peculiarities of functioning of clusters in Ukraine. The paper examines the peculiarities of the cluster policies in the EU and in Ukraine. The major initiatives and programs of cluster development in the EU are determined. The current condition of clusters development in the border oblasts of the Western Ukraine is analyzed. The examples of successful cross-border clusters in the EU are offered. The list of declared cross-border clusters with Ukrainian participation in the border oblasts of the Western Ukraine is presented. The clusters in the adjoining regions of neighbouring countries along the Western border of Ukraine in the domains related to major directions of clusters activity in the respective Ukrainian oblasts within the cross-border region are detected. The smart specialization areas of the adjoining regions of neighbouring countries along the Western border of Ukraine in the domains within the major directions of clusters activity in the respective Ukrainian oblasts in the framework of the cross-border region are analyzed. The main bottlenecks of cross-border clusters development are outlined and the primary directions of their solution are suggested.

scholarly journals Key steps to smart specialization development of Russian regions

R-Economy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
Yuliya G. Myslyakova ◽  
◽  
Elena A. Shamova ◽  
Natalia P. Neklyudova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
National Level ◽  
Informed Choice ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Smart Specialization ◽  
Key Steps

Relevance. The development of modern mechanisms for state regulation of regional processes, including those related to investment support for certain industries (e.g. the Spatial Development Strategy in Russia), requires a research-informed choice of ‘priority’ specializations. At the same time, such choice should meet the requirement of resilient economic development of these regions if the development of these specializations is supported on the national level. Research objective.The goal of this study is to assess the current structure of the Russian regions’ economy. We aim to identify the regions that have a specialization and thus can ensure resilient development and transition to smart specialization. Data and methods. The study proposes a methodological approach to identify the region’s smart specialization. The approach is based on the calculation of indicators that characterize the regions’ industries according to Russia’s national classifier of types of economic activity (OKVED2). Regions with pronounced industrial specialization are thus identified. The methodological approach has been tested by using statistical data for 84 regions. Results.43 regionswith industrial, export-oriented and extractive specialization were identified. We revealed nineregions that had sufficient prerequisites for the transition tosmart specialization and 11 regions that need to strengthen their knowledge-intensive component. Conclusion.The resulting list of Russian regions that can act as pioneer territories for the introduction of structural changes into the practice of state regulation can be of interest to policy-makers.

scholarly journals Regional Cluster Policy in Russia: Methods and Practical Results

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-59
Author(s):  
Elena Petrova ◽  
Alla Kalinina ◽  
Marina Lapina
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Cluster Policy ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Cluster Development ◽  
Regional Cluster ◽  
New Information

The existence of the evolutionary and artificial components of the development of clusters in the practical implementation of cluster policy determines the relevance of the research. The article contains a comparative analysis of foreign programs for the development of clusters and Russian programs for supporting clusters, which makes it possible to formulate recommendations on forming regional cluster policy. The study makes it possible to identify specific mechanisms and management tools, socio-economic conditions of the territory affecting the success of the implemented cluster development programs. All the cases reviewed show that the decision on which public and private actors should participate in the management of the cluster is very relevant and often affects the overall results of the PPH. According to the results of the study, it is necessary to provide flexible systems for cluster management in order to change this management system depending on the situation. In the long term, the PPH strategy should be consistent with a more general regional and local development strategy. The results of the analysis can serve as a basis for forming a new cluster policy in the region based on the transformation of existing ones, the integration of its new information-analytical and organizational elements, methods and tools, as well as the development of practical recommendations for implementing cluster development programs in the regional economy.

scholarly journals THE EXPERIENCE OF SMART-SPECIALIZATION IMPLEMENTATION AS AN APPROACH TO STIMULATING THE ECONOMY OF REGIONS IN EU COUNTRIES: LESSONS FOR UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3(76)) ◽  
pp. 98-109
Author(s):  
H.O. PATYTSKA
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Public Funding ◽  
National Level ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Smart Specialization

Topicality. The expediency of in-depth study of smart specialization as an approach to stimulating the economy of the regions at the present stage is related to the deepening of cooperation between Ukraine and EU countries within the neighborhood policy and consolidation at the legislative level in Ukraine since 2016 of smart specialization as a regional development. Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to study the experience of developing and implementing smart specialization strategies in the EU, as well as to develop practical proposals for organizing the process of forming and implementing smart specialization strategies in the domestic realities. Research results. Formed as a concept of expanding public funding in the field of research and innovation, smart specialization has resulted in significant conceptual and economic-political consequences: the allocation of the key role of scientific-technological and economic specialization in the development of territories; determining the role of research and development work to substantiate the areas of current and future comparative advantage; formation of a mechanism for managing the process of implementing the strategy of smart specialization, based on the model "public sector - science - entrepreneurship". Research of foreign experience in the formation and implementation of smart specialization strategies was conducted in the following areas: 1) determining the levels of adoption and implementation of smart specialization strategies in different countries; 2) analysis of sources of financing the implementation of projects in the context of the implementation of strategies at the level of states and regions; 3) taking into account the differentiation of socio-economic development and policy traditions at the national and regional levels in the countries implementing RIS 3. Conclusion. Emphasis is placed on the possibilities of using the formed conclusions in the process of adaptation of smart specialization to Ukrainian conditions. It is established that Ukraine should pay attention to the following aspects on the way to the innovative model of regional development: 1) lack of capable institutional structures at the regional level capable of developing, implementing and financing innovation strategies, which requires involvement of the national level of smart specialization policy. ; 2) the feasibility of forming smart specialization strategies on clearly defined and sufficient sources of funding and an effective mechanism for monitoring and controlling the use of funds; 3) a prerequisite for the formation of a strategy of smart specialization in our country should be a wide range of information and consulting work in the business environment and research circles.

Smart Specialization and R&I Policy Framework in Turkey

2019 ◽  
pp. 209-233
Author(s):  
Erkan Erdil ◽  
Dilek Çetin
Keyword(s):  
Action Plan ◽  
National Level ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Evaluation Mechanism ◽  
Smart Specialization ◽  
Definition Of

The smart specialization strategy (S3) has been accepted as a solution for the European Union (EU) to catch up United States in productivity, R&D intensity, etc. The process of research and innovation strategies for smart specialization (RIS3) is described in six steps: the regional/national context, governance, elaboration, identification of priorities, the definition of coherent policy mix and action plan, and finally, the integration of monitoring and evaluation mechanism. In this chapter, the situation in Turkey is evaluated under these six steps. RIS3 strategy is not specified on the national level at Turkey, while it is debatable on the regional level.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Financing Industrial Clusters

2019 ◽  
pp. 36-47
Author(s):  
M.B. Trachenko ◽  
O.D. Gaisha
Keyword(s):  
Systems Approach ◽  
Industrial Cluster ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Industrial Clusters ◽  
Cluster Policy ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Cluster Development ◽  
Tier System ◽  
The Impact

The article is solving an actual problem — development of a system of indicators to evaluate the effectiveness of financing industrial clusters in Russia. The article analyzes the cluster models of Russian and foreign authors, identifies their strengths and weaknesses. A universal information model of the cluster was developed, reflecting the interaction of the participants among themselves and with external stakeholders of the cluster development. The developed model has three control loops: internal cluster stakeholders, cluster, cluster's region. Each has the specificity of the movement of inventory and cash flows, information interaction in the implementation of cluster policy, and reflects the interests of various stakeholders of industrial clusters. The model lays the groundwork to justify a three-tier system of indicators to evaluate the effectiveness of financing industrial clusters. The subsystems of the indicators of the impact of the industrial cluster on the regional economy, of the indicators of the industrial cluster development and the subsystem of the indicators of the financial condition of enterprises participating in the industrial cluster are highlighted in the proposed system. The study used the methods of bibliographic and logical analysis, synthesis and systems approach, mathematical methods of statistical data processing. The developed system of indicators for assessing the effectiveness of financing industrial clusters can be used to conduct current and subsequent monitoring of financing the implementation of cluster programs, to prepare decisions on the allocation of budgetary funds by state and municipal authorities, and to potential investors to determine the most promising investment instruments.

Formation and Development of Innovation Clusters as a Prerequisite for the Transition Towards Intensive Economic Growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1005-1012
Author(s):  
A. V. Kharlamov ◽  
A. E. Sibgatullin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Industrial Clusters ◽  
Cluster Policy ◽  
Cluster Development ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Strategic Direction ◽  
The Government ◽  
Innovation Clusters

The presented study examines innovative economic growth and its stimulating processes based on the development of innovative clusters. This involves determining the regulatory role of the government and choosing a regulatory model that would reflect the specific features of the examined country’s economic system. Aim. The study aims to consider foreign and Russian experience to formulate proposals for improving the conceptual mechanism that would ensure Russia’s transition towards predominantly intensive economic growth using the opportunities provided by innovative clusters. Tasks. The authors analyze the strategic direction of development of the global and national economies; determine the potential of clusters and cluster development as a tool that facilitates and guides economic growth; identify problem areas in the cluster development of the Russian economy and substantiate a set of measures aimed at eliminating them; determine the methods of government involvement in facilitating cluster development and substantiate the choice of the most appropriate method for a particular national economy; consider the foreign experience of transforming industrial clusters into innovative clusters and adapt it to the Russian economy. Methods. This study critically analyzes different scientific approaches to determining the essence of a cluster and the nature of its impact on the development of economic entities and the national economy as a whole. It also uses analytical tools to propose an adjustment of existing approaches to cluster regulation in Russia and to facilitate the creation of innovative clusters. Results. The role of innovation clusters in Russia and globally is determined in the context of the transition to predominantly intensive economic growth. The major problems that make it impossible to receive maximum benefits from clustering are highlighted. The relationship between innovation and cluster development is determined with allowance for the competitiveness index. The changes necessary for ensuring high-quality economic growth and improving the efficiency of clusters, particularly innovative clusters, are proposed. Factors that ensure successful innovative development in accordance with the main directions of cluster policy are identified. Conclusions. Examination of the role of clusters in the formation of predominantly intensive economic growth, the current state of the Russian economy, and existing cluster policy models makes it possible to evaluate the prospects for the development of the Russian economy using the potential of innovative clusters.

scholarly journals Cluster policy as a tool for implementing regional development strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 02015
Author(s):  
Elena Dorzhieva ◽  
Evdokia Dugina ◽  
Victor Belomestnov ◽  
Lyudmila Garmaeva
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Baikal Region ◽  
Cluster Policy ◽  
Cluster Development ◽  
Regional Development Strategy ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Economic Development Strategies

In the 2000s, the socio-economic development strategies of almost all regions of the Russian Federation envisaged the formation and development of regional clusters (mostly innovative industrial ones). While the cluster policy had dirigiste nature: the list of potential clusters, the circle of participants, territorial and non-territorial boundaries, the expected effects of operation were determined by regional administrations. The same type of cluster development mechanisms and tools which do not take into account regional specifics and promising economic specializations have led to premature disillusionment in the cluster concept. Full-scale mature clusters can function successfully if their profile is consistent with the specifics of the region, including restrictive factors hindering economic activity (in the Baikal region this is the so-called "Baikal" factor). The article discusses the promising directions of clustering the economy of the Baikal region in the context of the cluster development of the subjects of the Russian Federation, substantiates the role of cluster policy in increasing the connectivity of the economic space of the country and its regions.

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