scholarly journals Key steps to smart specialization development of Russian regions

R-Economy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
Yuliya G. Myslyakova ◽  
◽  
Elena A. Shamova ◽  
Natalia P. Neklyudova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
National Level ◽  
Informed Choice ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Smart Specialization ◽  
Key Steps

Relevance. The development of modern mechanisms for state regulation of regional processes, including those related to investment support for certain industries (e.g. the Spatial Development Strategy in Russia), requires a research-informed choice of ‘priority’ specializations. At the same time, such choice should meet the requirement of resilient economic development of these regions if the development of these specializations is supported on the national level. Research objective.The goal of this study is to assess the current structure of the Russian regions’ economy. We aim to identify the regions that have a specialization and thus can ensure resilient development and transition to smart specialization. Data and methods. The study proposes a methodological approach to identify the region’s smart specialization. The approach is based on the calculation of indicators that characterize the regions’ industries according to Russia’s national classifier of types of economic activity (OKVED2). Regions with pronounced industrial specialization are thus identified. The methodological approach has been tested by using statistical data for 84 regions. Results.43 regionswith industrial, export-oriented and extractive specialization were identified. We revealed nineregions that had sufficient prerequisites for the transition tosmart specialization and 11 regions that need to strengthen their knowledge-intensive component. Conclusion.The resulting list of Russian regions that can act as pioneer territories for the introduction of structural changes into the practice of state regulation can be of interest to policy-makers.

scholarly journals TOOLS OF CLUSTER POLICY IMPLEMENTATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Prisyazhnyuk ◽  
Natalia Shulpina
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
National Level ◽  
Industrial Clusters ◽  
Cluster Policy ◽  
Cluster Development ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Smart Specialization ◽  
Different Levels

The article considers the current tools for the implementation of cluster policy in Ukraine, taking into account the practice and experience of European countries. The relationship between cluster policies and tools for their implementation at the national, regional and local levels has been studied. It is substantiated that modern attempts to develop and implement cluster policy at different levels in Ukraine are dissonant, fragmentary and have a more declarative than applied content. This is evidenced by the lack of appropriate legislation at the national level and distortions in defining “reasonable specialization” of regions, lack of effective communication, financial donations, mechanisms and tools for promoting and implementing cluster policies in both regions and the state as a whole. Given the above, we will focus the plane of the problem field on the main vectors of integrated cluster policy in Ukraine: tools and programs at the cluster level; tools and programs at the regional level; national policies and strategies that define sectoral priorities and directions of development and are directly related to cluster development (industrial policy, innovation, export, digital), as well as national regional development policy). Mechanisms that determine the general economic course and conditions, primarily tax, financial and organizational instruments. The study of tools for the implementation of cluster policies at different levels has convincingly demonstrated the need for their comprehensive interaction within a single national cluster development strategy. It is thanks to the purposeful policy of promoting the development of clusters in Ukraine that it is possible to develop supply chains of goods and services with their further integration into European value chains; to implement research and innovation strategies of smart specialization in the regions; to solve problems of ecology and efficient use of resources by introduction of ecological innovations, eco-industrial clusters and parks; to equalize socio-economic distortions in the development of sectors of the economic system.

scholarly journals Interregional Distribution of Energy Potential Based on Spatial Autoregression

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 799-810
Author(s):  
L. A. Serkov ◽  
◽  
K. B. Kozhov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Energy Conditions ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Spatial Autoregression ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Interregional Interaction

The article proposes a methodological approach for assessing the conditions of interregional interaction of Russian regions in terms of energy conditions. To this end, we substantiate and analyze the spatial distribution of Russian regions’ energy potential. An integral index of energy potential is constructed, which characterizes the main energy and economic factors of regional development in Russia. To calculate the index, we used the statistical data from the Russian Federal Statistics Service (Rosstat) and departmental organizations for 84 regions. The energy potential is calculated by using the principal component method. Interregional relationships based on this index are investigated with the help of the spatial autocorrelation method (Moran method). We focus on the relationships between the regions of the Ural Federal District and identify priority areas of energy and economic development of these territories. In particular, we analyze the spatial development of energy and economy and identify the centers where energy resources are concentrated and their spheres. Our findings can be used by state authorities and energy companies to design plans for the development of energy systems and regional economies within the framework of the Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation for the Period until 2025.

Evolution of economic cycles and determination of structural changes in the national economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Ihor Nazarkevych
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Structural Reform ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Economic Cycles ◽  
High Level

The role of state structural regulation of the national economy in the conditions of the high volatility of economic cycles is substantiated. The key parameters of the system of state regulation of the economy in terms of permanent structural transformation and cyclical national economy are defined as the following: efficiency, balance of interests of all participants in economic relations, socialization and greening of economic processes. The evolution of basic theories of cyclical economic development is studied, and their main features in terms of factor influence on cyclicity and structural transformations in the system of the national economy are determined. The scientific and methodological approach to determining the content of structural changes in the national economy is determined as a transition from one paradigm of development and economic growth to another paradigm more adequate to the global challenges and domestic demands faced by society. The author's definitions of the structural-economic conceptual-categorical apparatus that reflects the transformation processes in the cyclical economy are suggested, in particular: the structure of the national economy (structural basis); structural changes (transformation, shifts); structural policy; structural reform (restructuring); structural crisis. The cyclical development of the economy is characterized, which is often accompanied by such undesirable parameters as discreteness, uncertainty, chaos, which affects economic growth and resilience of the national economy to recession shocks. Timely structural reform is determined to be the only vector to prevent it, including ensuring the availability of developed domestic markets, high competitiveness of domestic companies in global markets, high level of solvency of domestic consumers and efficient structure of the national economy. These factors will help reduce the level of negative effects arising from market fluctuations.

A methodological approach to evaluating the effectiveness of regional industrial policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1431-1457
Author(s):  
O.P. Smirnova ◽  
A.O. Ponomareva
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Dialectical Logic ◽  
Dynamic Perspective ◽  
Structural Methods

Subject. The article addresses the industrial policy in the face of the need to modernize and digitize industries; the role of regional industrial policy as a link between the Federal industrial policy and individual enterprise’s development strategy. Objectives. We focus on developing a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of the State industrial policy implementation in the regions of the Russian Federation, and the practical recommendations for its improvement. Methods. We employ general scientific methods of abstraction, the formal and dialectical logic, deduction and induction, analysis and synthesis, empirical analysis of data, comparative and structural methods of analysis, economic and statistical analysis of data, logical and systems approaches. Results. The paper provides the theoretical justification of industrial policy, considers its distinctive features. We devised a methodology to assess the effectiveness of regional industrial policy, which rests on the multicriteria approach and takes into account the current realities of competitive industrial development. The said methodology enables to compare the industrial development of territories both among themselves and in a dynamic perspective. The analysis of effectiveness of industrial policy implementation in the subjects of the Ural Federal District established that a growing number of federal entities are enhancing their positions in comparison with the average Russian level. Conclusions. The instruments of the Ural’s industrial policy implementation shall be targeted at structural changes in the economy, the increase in the innovative component of production, the introduction of advanced production technologies.

scholarly journals COMPONENTS OF THE MODEL OF EFFECTIVE STATE REGULATION OF WELFARE GROWTH OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 86-96
Author(s):  
Valentyna Varuk
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Government Action ◽  
Social Partnership ◽  
Innovation Model ◽  
Community Improvement ◽  
Smart Specialization ◽  
Improve State

It was found that the development of communities provides improved social and economic conditions in the area. It was systematized the mechanism of increasing efficiency in communities and strengthening the influence of the state through local authorities on the ground on the basis of methods of influence. Problems of state regulation in the context of components of sustainable development are identified. The purpose of regulating the development of community territories is determined. It were given the components of ensuring effective state regulation for achieving welfare growth of territorial communities on the basis of the model of welfare analysis of territorial communities. It is determined that the system of state regulation should contribute to the enhanced provision of public goods in the community, improvement of social infrastructure and support of territorial economic development. Strategic mechanisms and functions of state regulation are singled out. The basic system of principles which is necessary for effective state regulation of the territorial communities’ development is outlined, and the directions of government action within the principles are determined. Today's communities need to move from a development model to an innovation model. It was formed the model of effective state regulation of the welfare growth of territorial communities. The necessity of using social partnership and introduction of innovations in the communities’ activity as factors of successful realization of decentralization is substantiated. It is emphasized that social partnership as a tool to increase the communities’ welfare provides: increasing the level of population income, reducing poverty and developing social assistance. In particular, the priority way to improve state regulation of the welfare growth of territorial communities is the legislative implementation of a development strategy of smart specialization on the ground which provides comfortable living conditions that characterize the modern welfare of territorial communities’ citizens.

Post-crisis Structure of Economy and Organization of Coalitions for Innovations

2008 ◽  
pp. 25-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Grigoriev ◽  
S. Plaksin ◽  
M. Salikhov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
Soviet Economy ◽  
Institutional Changes ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Analytical Group

The article develops methodological approach to the analysis of groups of interests’ influence on the choice of Russia’s development strategy. It is possible to pass on to the analysis of specific issues of economic policy by forming several sub-groups in every "analytical" group. The article also considers the structure of Russian economy which was formed as a result of transformational crisis’ influence on Soviet economy, and relevant international comparisons. Main alternative ways of transition to innovational development are the renewal of Soviet "triangle economy" (the scenario "Mobilization") and complex institutional changes (the scenario "Modernization").

THE IMPACT OF UKRAINE'S EXCISE DUTY POLICY ON THE TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES OF THE TOBACCO MARKET

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10) ◽  
pp. 19-33
Author(s):  
Nadiia NOVYTSKA ◽  
◽  
Inna KHLIEBNIKOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Excise Duty ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Transformation Processes

The market of tobacco products in Ukraine is one of the most dynamic and competitive. It develops under the influence of certain factors that cause structural changes, therefore, the aim of the article is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of transformation processes in the market of tobacco and their alternatives in Ukraine and identify the factors that cause them. The high level of tax burden and the proliferation of alternative products with a potentially lower risk to human health, including heating tobacco products and e-cigarettes, are key factors in the market’s transformation process. Their presence leads to an increase in illicit turnover of tobacco products, which accounts for 6.37% of the market, and the gradual replacement of cigarettes with alternative products, which account for 12.95%. The presence on the market of products that are not taxed or taxed at lower rates is one of the reasons for the reduction of excise duty revenues. According to the results of 2019, the planned indicators of revenues were not met by 23.5%. Other reasons for non-fulfillment of excise duty revenues include: declining dynamics of the tobacco products market; reduction in the number of smokers; reorientation of «cheap whites» cigarette flows from Ukraine to neighboring countries; tax avoidance. Prospects for further research are identified, namely the need to develop measures for state regulation and optimization of excise duty taxation of tobacco products and their alternatives, taking into account the risks to public health and increasing demand of illegal products.

Updating the methodology for providing incentive subsidies to depressed agricultural regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2210-2224
Author(s):  
V.M. Sharapova ◽  
T.N. Medvedeva ◽  
E.A. Farvazova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
State Support ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Depressed Regions ◽  
Agricultural Regions

Subject. The article considers a procedure for calculating and distributing State support to depressed agricultural regions in the framework of a new type of budget financing, i.e. compensating and stimulating subsidies. Objectives. The purpose is to evaluate the efficiency of the system of State regulation of agribusiness in a depressed region, determine the priority of modern methods of budgetary support from the State, improve the methodological approach to the distribution of State aid among subjects of the Russian Federation with low level of socio-economic development. Methods. The study draws on the abstract and logical method, methods of statistical analysis, grouping, comparison, and generalization. Results. We realized the objectives of the study, using the agricultural producers of the Kurgan Oblast case. The paper analyzes the condition of agricultural sector in the depressed region, assesses the State support system efficiency for the agricultural sector of the Trans-Ural region, considers government measures related to the regulation of the economy of backward regions. It presents an updated method of budget financing within an incentive subsidy by clarifying the calculations and introducing an additional indicator that reflects the level of remuneration of regional agricultural producers. Conclusions. The updated calculation methodology for incentive subsidies to depressed regions enables to build a certain economic rating of ten depressed regions of the Russian Federation, taking into account not only the volume of production and employment, but also the level of wages of agricultural workers.

Assessment and analysis of efficiency system management by innovative factors for sustainable development of national economy from the position satisfaction of vital interests population in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 6-16
Author(s):  
Оксана Василівна Бондар-Підгурська ◽  
Алла Олександрівна Глєбова
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
System Management ◽  
Stage Of Development

The scientific and methodological approach to the evaluation and analysis of the efficiency of system management by innovation factors for sustainable development of national economy from the point of view satisfaction vital interest’s population is developed. This is the calculation of the modernized index human development based on the adjective model based on 26 indicators (social, economic and environmental subsystems), as well as using the methods of the main components and the slip matrix. The resultant value is the modernized Human Development Index (MHDІ) of Ukraine. The architectonics MHDІ of Ukraine in 2007–2017 from the position of sub-indices of the ecological, social and economic subsystems is analyzed. Consequently, the scientific and methodological approach based on the MHDI change allows us to draw conclusions regarding the effectiveness of the work and public administration bodies in the context of making managerial decisions regarding the satisfaction of the vital interest’s population. MHDI considers the main regulated parameter of the system management in the innovation factors of sustainable development in socially oriented economy. The tendency of steady decline MHDI of Ukraine in 2007–2017 on 53.45 % was confirmed, which confirms inefficient state regulation of crisis situations in Ukraine. In order to increase the efficiency management of innovative factors by sustainable development of the national economy, from the standpoint of satisfaction vital interest’s population, it is proposed to intensify the use of public debt and savings bonds, market and non-market methods of relief and debt load. This is due to the fact that at the current stage of development in the national economy, public external debt is one of the most significant indicators of the state economy. It is at the same time a criterion for the effectiveness of public financial policy, as well as a threat and opportunity for the Ukrainian economy. In order to optimize its size, various methods, approaches, tools are used. Based on the analysis of world experience, it has been established that the securities market, in particular debt securities, plays a strategic role in regulating this issue. Therefore, it makes sense to recommend government debt bonds and government savings bonds to optimize the amount of external public debt.

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