scholarly journals THE APPLICATION OF PUBLIC BENEFIT REQUIREMENT OF CHARITABLE TRUST IN WAQF COURT JUDGMENT: A REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 141-165
Author(s):  
Nur Yuhanis Ismon ◽  
Zuraidah Ali ◽  
Mohsin Hingun
Keyword(s):  
Succession Planning ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Public Trust ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
English Court ◽  
Public Benefit ◽  
Legal Principle ◽  
Charitable Trust ◽  
English Law

Waqf is a form of voluntary charity and its purposes are recognised by Islamic law as religious, pious or charitable. Charitable trust is a public trust where the settlor may aim to create certain purposes. Both waqf and charitable trust share the same objective, which is for the benefit of the community at large. The objective of this article is to reveal how the requirements of “public benefit” in charitable trust are applicable to waqf cases. In determining the validity of a charitable trust, the requirement of public benefit is essential, particularly under the last three charitable purposes, namely advancement of education, advancement of religion, and other purposes beneficial to the community. Besides, the personal nexus test is applied in the case of charitable trust to ensure no personal linkage between the founder and the beneficiaries. These two elements are necessary to establish a valid charitable trust. The English court will first filter out such a case to ensure that there is no infringement of other people’s rights and exploitation of the charitable trust’s privilege. Public benefit requirement and personal test are also applicable in cases relating to waqf cases. In waqf, the Islamic law prescribes two categories, which are “Waqf Khairi” (Public waqf) and “Waqf Ahli” (Family waqf). However, family waqf is treated as “non-charitable under the influence of English law of trust” because it infringes the rule against perpetuities. The methodology used in this article is doctrinal legal research focusing on the legal principle as well as the cases of public benefit requirement, the personal nexus test, and the rule against perpetuities in charitable trust and waqf. This article found that the requirement of public benefit is applicable in public waqf, but not for family waqf. Despite that, family waqf should be maintained as it is a great channel for wealth distribution and succession planning.

scholarly journals Penolakan Peran Dokter Sebagai Eksekutor Sanksi Hukum Kebiri di Indonesia: Perspektif Filsafat Hukum Islam

2021 ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Abdul Aziz Harahap ◽  
Athoillah Islamy
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Legal Philosophy ◽  
Doctor Who ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Public Benefit ◽  
Legal Sanctions ◽  
Taking Action ◽  
Medical Competence

Behind the pro-contra polemic of imposing castration legal sanctions for criminals of pedophilia in Indonesia, doctors have a dilemma as a profession that is considered to have medical competence and is worthy of being executors. It is due to the principle of maintaining the safety of human souls and the prohibition of taking action that endangers the lives of others in the code of ethics for the medical profession. The research seeks to present the perspective of Islamic legal philosophy in analyzing the arguments in the Indonesian Doctors Association (IDI) rejection as the executor of the punishment for castration. This research is qualitative in the form of a literature review. This type of legal research is included in the category of philosophical normative Islamic law research using Islamic law principles (qawaid fiqhiyah). This research concludes that the principle of not endangering the safety of others in the medical profession is parallel to the rules of Islamic law (fiqh) which reads al-ḍararu yuzālu (fade must be eliminated). However, the provisions of the fiqh rule are not absolute. It means that under certain conditions, the act of harming someone is allowed in order to create public benefit (al-maslahat al-ammah). Therefore, a doctor who serves as executor in applying the caste penalty for pedophile offenders does not contradict the philosophy of Islamic law.

scholarly journals TRACKING THE VALIDITY OF PROFESSION WAQF IN A POSITIVE LEGAL PERSPECTIVE IN INDONESIA

Al-'Adl ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Athoillah Islamy ◽  
Doni Setiadi
Keyword(s):  
Government Regulation ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Public Benefit ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
General Welfare ◽  
Legal Perspective

In realizing the benefit and social justice of waqf goals, efforts to innovate the management of waqf forms in Indonesia are inevitable. This study aims to find the legality of profession waqf in the review of the Waqf Law in Indonesia on the implementation of profession waqf. This type of research is literature review. Meanwhile, the type of legal research approach in this research is normative legal research. The source of this research data in the form of a variety of literature that explains the concept of profession waqf. While the knife analysis used in this study, namely Law Number 41 of 2004, Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) and Government Regulation Number 28 of 1977. This study concludes two big conclusions. First, profession waqf is a form of innovation of  waqf instruments aimed at increasing the benefit of waqf for public benefit. Second, the existence and purpose of profession waqf is in line with positive law in Indonesia which explains that waqf aim at the general welfare by utilizing the potential and economic value of waqf

scholarly journals FISCAL ADVANTAGE OF WAQF AND THE RULE OF TAX EXEMPTION FOR CHARITABLE PURPOSES UNDER THE INCOME TAX ACT 1967

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-276
Author(s):  
Nur Yuhanis Ismon ◽  
Mohsin Hingun
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Federal Constitution ◽  
Legal Principle ◽  
The Status ◽  
Tax Deduction ◽  
State List

This study explores the principle of waqf in the context of current tax policies governing waqf properties. In Islamic law, waqf is defined as charity whereby the donor endows the property in the name of Allah SWT for the benefit of the public at large. However, for tax exemption purposes, there is no specific provision in the Income Tax Act 1967 (ITA). Waqf is under the State List in the Federal Constitution and it comes under the jurisdiction of state governments. Currently, there is a misunderstanding about tax deduction in Section 44(6) and Section 44(11C) of ITA that includes waqf as a gift and gets the same tax treatment. Nevertheless, there are strong justifications which state that waqf does not fall within the scope of Section 44(6). The study will analyse the status of waqf institutions which are eligible for tax deduction and the reason why waqf does not fall within the scope of donation under section 44(6) of the ITA. The methodology used in this study is doctrinal legal research whereby the analysis focuses on the legal principle of waqf in Islamic law and the rule of tax exemption under the ITA. As a result, the study found that there is inconsistency in implementing waqf for tax rebate purposes. The recommendation of this study is that a comprehensive waqf guideline should be introduced to ensure consistent development of waqf to enhance the public interest.  

scholarly journals THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PROPORTIONALITY PRINCIPLE IN ISLAMIC CROWDFUNDING IN INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 455
Author(s):  
Fiska Silvia Raden Roro ◽  
Agus Yudha Hernoko ◽  
Ghansham Anand
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Good Faith ◽  
Competing Values ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Business Innovation ◽  
Legal Principle ◽  
New Business ◽  
Proportionality Principle ◽  
Financial Technology

Proportionality is a legal principle not only requires equility of the rights and obligations among parties based on competing values, but also has purpose to deliver justice among parties. This principle is in line with the Al Musawah principle in the Islamic contract or agreement which it also has the same goal: ad ‘adl wa tawazun. This principle is the implementation of the principle of good faith, the principle of transactions based on honesty including in terms of determining the profit margin. The research significance are to provide enhance knowledge about proportionality principle in Islamic crowdfunding in Indonesia, especially in financing contract in Islamic financial technology as a new business innovation scheme. This paper in order to promote the impartial perception and to harmonize the Islamic law and Indonesian laws. The type of the research is legal research. The research methods apply the conceptual approach to the the Islamic crowdfunding under proportionality principle in financing contract.

Program Fajar Indah Sebagai Media Dakwah dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Keagamaan Masyarakat

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-38
Author(s):  
FAISAL AKBAR ◽  
Syamsuddin RS ◽  
Dadan Anugrah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Public Trust ◽  
Broadcast Communication ◽  
Lecture Method ◽  
Radio Broadcast ◽  
Religious Understanding

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui metode Program Fajar Indah yang ada di Radio Citra Progo dalam meningkatkan pemahaman keagamaan masyarakat, mengetahui klasifikasi da’i pengisi program Fajar Indah, serta pesan dakwah dari program Fajar Indah. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data digunakan penafsiran logika yang dihubungkan dengan konteks Komunikasi Penyiaran Islam. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Radio Citra Progo dalam program Fajar Indah menggunakan metode ceramah dengan pembawaan da’i yang santai ketika siaran. Adapun klasifikasi da’i dalam siaran dakwah ini, dapat dilihat dari wawasan keilmuan penyiar dalam menguasai Al Quran dan Hadist sebagai sumber hukum Islam dan kedisiplinan untuk menjalankan tugas sebagai da’i penyiar radio. Dalam siaran Program Fajar Indah terdapat pesan dakwah berupa materi Aqidah untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan masyarakat kepada Allah, mengimani rukun Iman dan rukun Islam, serta materi Akhlak yang diperintahkan oleh Allah dan dicontohkan oleh Nabi Muhammad SAW, materi Ibadah yang menyampaikan tatacara beribadah kepada Allah meliputi hukum pernikahan, hukum bertetangga, shodaqoh, sholat, puasa dan menyampaikan materi tentang hari-hari besar umat Islam. This study aims to determine the methods of the Beautiful Fajar Program on Radio Citra Progo in improving people's religious understanding, knowing the classification of preachers for the Fajar Indah program, and preaching messages from the Fajar Indah program. This study uses qualitative research with descriptive methods. Data collection in this study uses observation, interview and documentation techniques. Data analysis used the interpretation of logic connected with the context of Islamic Broadcast Communication. The results showed that Citra Progo Radio in the Fajar Indah program used a lecture method with a relaxed nature when broadcasting. The da'i classification in this da'wah broadcast, can be seen from the broadcaster's scientific insights in mastering the Qur'an and Hadith as a source of Islamic law and discipline to carry out their duties as radio broadcast preachers. In the broadcast of the Fajar Indah Program there is a da'wah message in the form of Aqeedah material to increase public trust in God, faith in the pillars of faith and pillars of Islam, as well as moral material ordered by God and exemplified by the Prophet Muhammad, the material of worship which conveys the procedure of worship to God including marriage law , neighborly law, shodaqoh, prayer, fasting and delivering material about the Muslim holidays.

scholarly journals Analysis of Wakaf and Maqashid Syari'ah Law on the Development of Wakaf Property in Lhokseumawe City

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 224-231
Author(s):  
Yasir Nasution ◽  
Alyasa’ Abubakar ◽  
Kafrawi
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Government Regulations ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
The Law ◽  
Research Show

The development of waqf assets in the form of adding the function of waqf is a new phenomenon in the problems of Islamic law jurisprudence even in positive law in Indonesia. In national law (positive), Indonesia has regulated this issue with the existence of laws and government regulations regarding waqf both movable and immovable waqf assets, even in its development every property in waqf must have an Deed and / or certificate. Whereas in Islamic jurisprudence, the development of waqf assets in the form of additional functions is one of the problems that can be said to be new, it needs legal conclusions and even has to be seen from various theoretical concepts such as maqashidu sharia. Therefore this research will examine the issue of developing waqf assets based on the Waqf Law and maqashid syari'ah. This research is an empirical legal research using a sociological legal approach, with data collection through documentation and interviews. The results of the research show that the development of waqf assets is permitted according to the law, but with the stipulated conditions, besides that the development of waqf assets is also permissible in Islamic jurisprudence as long as it is solely for reasons in accordance with the concept of maqasidu syari'ah and the point is to seek maslahat.  

scholarly journals Konstruksi Nalar Rechtvinding Hakim dalam Pemberian Izin Poligami yang Berkeadilan Gender dalam Putusan Pengadilan Agama Jombang No. 0899/Pdt.G/2016/PA.Jbg

AL-HUKAMA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 496-517
Author(s):  
Abdullah Taufik ◽  
Ilham Tohari
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Gender Justice ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
The One ◽  
Legal Discovery ◽  
Religious Courts

The practice of polygamy in Indonesia until now has drawn criticism from some feminists who did not agree. But on the one hand, both Islamic law and positive law permit various conditions. In this case, the Religious Court (PA) becomes the last fence which becomes the determining point for a man to be able to polygamy. For this reason, researchers conducted a study of PA decisions on polygamy, namely Jombang PA Decision No. No. 0899 / Pdt.G / 2018 / PA.Jbg . The focus of the problem is (1) the value of gender justice in the decision and (2) reasoning rechtvinding(legal discovery) judge. The method used in this study is a normative-qualitative legal research method with content analysis techniques from Charles Purse. The results showed that the practice of polygamy licensing in the Religious Courts had actually gone through processes that reflected gender justice. This is reflected in the obligation of the Religious Court to summon the longest wife of the applicant for polygamy to be asked for willingness and information. The results of subsequent studies show that PA Jombang judges used hermeneutic techniques in making legal discovery efforts. Because, they not only focus on aspects of legality, but also consider the contextualization.

scholarly journals A Genre Analysis of English and Chinese Legal Research Article Abstracts: A Corpus-based Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 810-821
Author(s):  
Jing Duan ◽  
Jing Wei
Keyword(s):  
Genre Analysis ◽  
Gap Filling ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Linguistic Study ◽  
Academic Communities ◽  
Chinese Law ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
English Law ◽  
Adjusted Model

Research article (RA) abstracts are generally viewed as the gateway to know the gist and major findings of a study. They also function as a “promotional” genre to attract readers’ interest and increase readership so as to better engage the authors in the academic communities. Although RA abstracts as a genre have been gaining more attention over the years, there is still a lack of study on RA abstracts in the field of law, let alone cross-linguistic study concerning them. Therefore, this study investigates English and Chinese legal RA abstracts from the perspective of genre, analyzes their move structures, frequency and features, and then compares the similarities and differences of them in two different languages. To this end, a corpus consisting of 60 RA abstracts was compiled, 30 randomly selected from three prestigious English law journals and 30 from three Chinese law journals. The move analysis was conducted based on an adjusted model of four moves. The results reveal that the moves of Introduction, Gap-filling and Contribution are obligatory while that of Methodology is optional in both languages. However, English abstracts, with more complicated move structures than Chinese ones, tend to state explicitly the purposes of study while Chinese abstracts show a preference for pointing out the “Gap” first.

scholarly journals Peralihan Harta Bersama Melalui Hibah Tanpa Izin Salah Satu Pihak Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-94
Author(s):  
Agustina Dewi Putri ◽  
Darmawan Darmawan ◽  
Teuku Muttaqin Mansur
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Action ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Shared Property ◽  
Legal Consequences ◽  
Husband And Wife

Menurut Pasal 36 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 1 tahun 1974, mengenai harta bersama, suami atau isteri dapat bertindak atas persetujuan kedua belah pihak. Adanya ketentuan Pasal tersebut di atas, menunjukkan bahwa jika seorang suami atau isteri, bermaksud melakukan perbuatan hukum yang objeknya terkait dengan harta bersama (misalnya menjual, menghibahkan dan lain-lain), baik itu berupa barang bergerak atau barang tidak bergerak, maka perbuatan hukum tersebut harus didasarkan pada persetujuan kedua belah pihak (suami dan isteri). Untuk mengetahui dan menjelaskan akibat hukum dari peralihan harta bersama melalui hibah tanpa izin dari salah satu pihak. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum yuridis normatif dan Ketiadaan persetujuan baik suami atau isteri memberi akibat hukum bahwa peralihan harta bersama tersebut menjadi batal demi hukum.As for article 36 paragraph (1) mentions that anything regarded to the shared-property should be with the consent of both parties. It is in line with Article 92 about Compilation of Islamic Law which mentions that either husband or wife without any consent of the other partner is not allowed to sell or transfer the ownerships of the shared-property. Provisionsof the article indicate that if the husband or wife intends to carry out a legal act whose object is related to a common asset (for example selling, granting, etc). whether it is movable or immovable property, the legal action must be based on agreement of both parties (husband and wife). To figure out and explain the legal consequences of share assets transfer throght a grant without permission from one of the parties. Research method used in this is normative juridical legal research. To find out and explain the comparison of provisions on the transfer of property with husband and wife based on Law Number 1 Year 1974 and Compilation of Islamic Law Absence of approval from both husband and wife gives legal consequences that transfer of shared property becomes null and void by law.

scholarly journals Penukaran Harta Wakaf Menurut Hukum Islam dan Undang-Undang Nomor 41 Tahun 2004 Tentang Wakaf

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-156
Author(s):  
Idia Isti Iqlima ◽  
Syahrizal Syahrizal ◽  
Ilyas Ilyas
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Exchange Mechanism ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Legal Research

Penukaran harta wakaf adalah penukaran harta wakaf dari bentuk semula ke bentuk yang lainnya hukum islam pada dasarnya perubahan status wakaf tidak diperbolehkan melakukan penukaran sebagaimana mazhab Maliki dan Syafi’i sangat menekankan pada keabadian harta benda wakaf walaupun sudah rusak atau tidak menghasilkan sesuatu. Pada Pasal 40 Undang-undang Nomor 41 Tahun 2004 tentang Wakaf dijelaskan harta benda wakaf yang sudah diwakafkan dilarang ditukar. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui status hukum penukaran harta wakaf menurut hukum Islam dan Undang-Undang Nomor 41 Tahun 2004 tentang Wakaf dan mengetahui mekanisme penukaran harta wakaf menurut hukum Islam dan Undang-undang Nomor 41 Tahun 2004 tentang Wakaf. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian hukum normatif (yuridis normatif) dengan mengunakan data primer, data sekunder dan tersier. Hasil penelitian bahwa ada berbeda pendapat ulama dan madzhab tentang penukaran harta wakaf menurut hukum islam ada yang berpendapat melarang ibdal (penukaran) tanah wakaf sekalipun tanah tersebut tidak mendatangkan hasil sama sekali sebagian ulama lainnya memperbolehkan menukar tanah wakaf yang tidak atau kurang bermanfaat dengan tanah lain yang lebih baik namun dengan syarat-syarat tertentu. Dalam perundang-undangan tentang wakaf secara mutlak membolehkan penukaran karena yang menjadi sorotan bukan bentuk akan tetapi yang terpenting dari wakaf adalah fungsi dan tujuannya. Mekanisme penukaran menurut hukum islam harus melalui hakim yang shaleh yang mempunyai ilmu dan amal. Undang-undang nomor 41 Tahun 2004 tentang Wakaf dalam pasal 51 menyebutkan bahwa mekanisme penukaran dilakukan oleh nadzir dengan mengajukan permohonan tukar ganti kepada menteri melalui kantor urusan agama dengan menjelaskan alasan perubahan status dan hasilnya harus dilaporkan oleh nadzir ke kantor pertanahan dana atau lembaga terkait untuk pendaftaran lebih lanjut.The exchange of wakaf property is the exchange of wakaf property from its original form to another form of Islamic law basically the change of waqf status is not allowed to exchange as Maliki and Shafi'i school emphasize on the immortality of waqf property even if it is damaged or does not produce something. In Article 40 of Law Number 41 Year 2004 regarding Waqf, the wakaf property that has been proclaimed is prohibited to be exchanged. The purpose of this research is to know the legal status of the exchange of wakaf property according to Islamic law and Law Number 41 Year 2004 about Wakaf and know the mechanism of exchange of wakaf property according to Islamic law and Law Number 41 Year 2004 about Waqf. The research method used is the type of normative legal research (normative juridical) by using primary data, secondary and tertiary data. The result of the research that there are different opinions of ulama and madhhab about the exchange of wakaf property according to Islamic law there are those who argue forbidding ibdal (exchange) of wakaf land even though the land does not produce the result at all some other scholars allow swap land donation which is not or less useful with other land better but with certain conditions. In the legislation on waqf it is absolutely permissible to exchange because the spotlight is not the form but the most important of the waqf is its function and purpose. The mechanism of exchange according to Islamic law must be through a pious judge who has knowledge and charity. Law No. 41 of 2004 on Waqf in article 51 states that the exchange mechanism is done by nadzir by applying for exchange to the minister through the religious affairs office by explaining the reason for the change of status and the result must be reported by nadzir to the land office of the fund or the relevant institution for registration Furthermore.

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