scholarly journals Simulation Analysis of Contributing Factors to Rider Visibility Issues for Car-Motorcycle Accidents

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-209
Author(s):  
Danish Farooq ◽  
Janos Juhasz
Keyword(s):  
Collision Avoidance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Collision Safety ◽  
Motorcycle Accidents ◽  
Safety Systems

Rider visibility has been considered an important issue in car-motorcycle accidents due to the frequency of unperceptive and negligent driving behavior. Mostly car drivers stated that they didn’t see the rider before the collision. This study aims to investigate the contributing factors that reduce rider visibility in point of view of car drivers for car-motorcycle accidents. The study considered the car-motorcycle accidents which occur in the built-up area. Statistical data analysis categorized the accidents into six dominant accident types. Twenty-five accidents were selected by accident types for simulation analysis. The selected accidents were simulated in Virtual Crash software during 5 seconds before the collision. The simulation analysis evaluated that the view obstructions, blind spots and high speed were the contributing factors that reduce rider visibility in car-motorcycle accidents. The simulation plots identified the involvement of contributory factors and variation within the time interval. The comprehensive in-depth analysis also evaluated that no collision avoidance maneuvers were performed by most of the car drivers due to visibility issues before the collision. Safety systems were proposed based on observed factors according to car and motorcycle perspectives for collision avoidance.

scholarly journals Quality Assurance of Data Transmission in Queuing Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 4019-4024
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Local Network ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Channel Switching ◽  
Self Similarity ◽  
Packet Losses ◽  
High Data ◽  
Multiservice Networks

With the development of high-speed communication networks, the so-called property of self-similarity of flows has an increasing impact on the quality of service. From a practical point of view, this can be explained by the high variability of traffic intensity and, as a consequence, the high receipt of packets to the network node at a high data rate, which leads, due to the limitation of the buffer, to packet losses. For a long time, it was believed that the traffic of the local network is described by the classical Poisson distribution. Telephone networks were originally built on the principle of channel switching, and computer networks are usually based on the principle of packet switching, but the calculation methods have remained virtually the same. Packets at high speed of their movement on a network arrive on a node not separately, and the whole pack. Traffic in such networks has ripples, which increases the likelihood of congestion in the network nodes, which lead to buffer overflows and cause losses and / or delays. Pulsations lead to differences in the speed of information flows, in which the ratio of the maximum value to the minimum speed is tens of times. At the same time, it turned out that in multiservice networks, the number of events in a given time interval depends on previous, very distant events. This means that at large scales of a multiservice network, traffic has the property of self-similarity, i.e. it looks qualitatively the same at any sufficiently large scales of the time axis

Factors Affecting Driver Injury Severity in the Wrong-Way Crash: Accounting for Potential Heterogeneity in Means and Variances of Random Parameters

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110098
Author(s):  
Miao Yu ◽  
Jinxing Shen ◽  
Changxi Ma
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Random Parameter ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Severity Levels

Because of the high percentage of fatalities and severe injuries in wrong-way driving (WWD) crashes, numerous studies have focused on identifying contributing factors to the occurrence of WWD crashes. However, a limited number of research effort has investigated the factors associated with driver injury-severity in WWD crashes. This study intends to bridge the gap using a random parameter logit model with heterogeneity in means and variances approach that can account for the unobserved heterogeneity in the data set. Police-reported crash data collected from 2014 to 2017 in North Carolina are used. Four injury-severity levels are defined: fatal injury, severe injury, possible injury, and no injury. Explanatory variables, including driver characteristics, roadway characteristics, environmental characteristics, and crash characteristics, are used. Estimation results demonstrate that factors, including the involvement of alcohol, rural area, principal arterial, high speed limit (>60 mph), dark-lighted conditions, run-off-road collision, and head-on collision, significantly increase the severity levels in WWD crashes. Several policy implications are designed and recommended based on findings.

scholarly journals Neuro-Inspired Computing with Spin-VCSELs

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4232
Author(s):  
Krishan Harkhoe ◽  
Guy Verschaffelt ◽  
Guy Van der Sande
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
High Speed ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Polarization Modulation ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Computing Technique ◽  
High Modulation ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Modulation Speed

Delay-based reservoir computing (RC), a neuromorphic computing technique, has gathered lots of interest, as it promises compact and high-speed RC implementations. To further boost the computing speeds, we introduce and study an RC setup based on spin-VCSELs, thereby exploiting the high polarization modulation speed inherent to these lasers. Based on numerical simulations, we benchmarked this setup against state-of-the-art delay-based RC systems and its parameter space was analyzed for optimal performance. The high modulation speed enabled us to have more virtual nodes in a shorter time interval. However, we found that at these short time scales, the delay time and feedback rate heavily influence the nonlinear dynamics. Therefore, and contrary to other laser-based RC systems, the delay time has to be optimized in order to obtain good RC performances. We achieved state-of-the-art performances on a benchmark timeseries prediction task. This spin-VCSEL-based RC system shows a ten-fold improvement in processing speed, which can further be enhanced in a straightforward way by increasing the birefringence of the VCSEL chip.

scholarly journals Remote Sensing for Cultural Heritage Assessment and Monitoring: The Case Study of Alba Iulia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Moise ◽  
Iulia Dana Negula ◽  
Cristina Elena Mihalache ◽  
Andi Mihai Lazar ◽  
Andreea Luminita Dedulescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Persistent Scatterer Interferometry ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Assessment And Monitoring ◽  
Historical Past

In recent times, satellite-based remote sensing has a growing role in archaeology and inherently in the cultural heritage management process. This paper demonstrates the potential and usefulness of satellite imagery for the documentation, mapping, monitoring, and in-depth analysis of cultural heritage and the archaeological sites located in urban landscapes. The study focuses on the assessment and monitoring of Alba Iulia, which is one of the Romanian cities with the richest historical past. Multitemporal analysis was performed to identify the land use/land cover changes that might contribute to an increased cultural heritage vulnerability to natural disasters. A special emphasis was dedicated to the assessment of the built-up area growth and consequently of the urbanization trend over a large time interval (30 years). Next, the urbanization and urban area expansion impact was further analyzed by concentrating on the urban heat island within Alba Iulia city and Alba Iulia Fortress (located in the center of the city). As temperature change represents a key element of climate change, the temperature trend within the same temporal framework and its impact on cultural heritage were determined. In the end, with regard to the cultural heritage condition assessment, the research was complemented with an assessment of the urban ground and individual building stability, using persistent scatterer interferometry. The results contribute to the detailed depiction of the cultural heritage site in such a manner that the site is monitored over an extensive timeframe, its current state of conservation is accurately determined, and the future trends can be identified. In conclusion, the present study offers reliable results regarding the main factors that might endanger the cultural heritage site as a basis for future preservation measures.

Dynamic Analysis of DVG 850 High-Speed Machining Center

2012 ◽  
Vol 487 ◽  
pp. 203-207
Author(s):  
Gong Xue Zhang ◽  
Xiao Kai Shen
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Harmonic Response ◽  
Machining Center ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Harmonic Response Analysis

Purpose, with the application of workbench finite element analysis software, get the analysis results of DVG 850 high-speed vertical machining center via the modal analysis and harmonic response analysis. Use the calculation results for reference, put forward the improved method, and prove the credibility of the simulation analysis by testing DVG 850 prototype.

scholarly journals Study on the High-Speed Milling Performance of High-Volume Fraction SiCp/Al Composites

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4143
Author(s):  
Youzheng Cui ◽  
Shenrou Gao ◽  
Fengjuan Wang ◽  
Qingming Hu ◽  
Cheng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Cutting Temperature ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
High Volume Fraction ◽  
High Wear Resistance ◽  
Element Analysis

Compared with other materials, high-volume fraction aluminum-based silicon carbide composites (hereinafter referred to as SiCp/Al) have many advantages, including high strength, small change in the expansion coefficient due to temperature, high wear resistance, high corrosion resistance, high fatigue resistance, low density, good dimensional stability, and thermal conductivity. SiCp/Al composites have been widely used in aerospace, ordnance, transportation service, precision instruments, and in many other fields. In this study, the ABAQUS/explicit large-scale finite element analysis platform was used to simulate the milling process of SiCp/Al composites. By changing the parameters of the tool angle, milling depth, and milling speed, the influence of these parameters on the cutting force, cutting temperature, cutting stress, and cutting chips was studied. Optimization of the parameters was based on the above change rules to obtain the best processing combination of parameters. Then, the causes of surface machining defects, such as deep pits, shallow pits, and bulges, were simulated and discussed. Finally, the best cutting parameters obtained through simulation analysis was the tool rake angle γ0 = 5°, tool clearance angle α0 = 5°, corner radius r = 0.4 mm, milling depth ap = 50 mm, and milling speed vc= 300 m/min. The optimal combination of milling parameters provides a theoretical basis for subsequent cutting.

scholarly journals Assessment of Poverty by Municipalities in the Context of Population Ageing—The Case of Małopolskie Voivodeship

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2563
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Ćwiek ◽  
Katarzyna Maj-Waśniowska ◽  
Katarzyna Stabryła-Chudzio
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Social Challenge ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Research Gap

This article undertakes the research problem of the assessment of the significance of poverty as a social challenge for local self-government units, and the differences in the assessment of the incidence of this phenomenon depending on the type of municipality. The authors also analyse the relationships between the ageing of the population and the assessment of the extent of poverty by municipalities. It must be pointed out that the undertaken problem has not been a subject of in-depth analysis thus far. Hence, this article fills the identified research gap in this field. The empirical part is based on the results of our own research, conducted using the Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) method on a sample of 144 municipalities of the Małopolskie Voivodship (Poland). In order to verify whether there is a relationship between the researched qualitative variables, the chi-square test of independence was used. In order to determine the relationships occurring between the categories of variables characterising the scale of the incidence of poverty and the remaining variables, a correspondence analysis was conducted. The research enabled us to find the issue of poverty to be one of the most important social problems from the point of view of municipalities. It is also worth noting that the degree of ageing in the population has an impact on the assessment of poverty among the elderly.

Comparison of the reluctance laminated and solid rotor synchronous machine operating at high temperatures

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1111-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Lefik ◽  
Krzysztof Komeza ◽  
Ewa Napieralska-Juszczak ◽  
Daniel Roger ◽  
Piotr Andrzej Napieralski
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Synchronous Machine ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Thermal Phenomenon ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a comparison between reluctance synchronous machine-enabling work at high internal temperature (HT° machine) with laminated and solid rotor. Design/methodology/approach To obtain heat sources for the thermal model, calculations of the electromagnetic field were made using the Opera 3D program including effect of rotation and the resulting eddy current losses. To analyse the thermal phenomenon, the 3D coupled thermal-fluid (CFD) model is used. Findings The presented results show clearly that laminated construction is much better from a point of view of efficiency and temperature. However, solid construction can be interesting for high speed machines due to their mechanical robustness. Research limitations/implications The main problem, despite the use of parallel calculations, is the long calculation time. Practical implications The obtained simulation and experimental results show the possibility of building a machine operating at a much higher ambient temperature than it was previously produced for example in the vicinity of the aircraft turbines. Originality/value The paper presents the application of fully three-dimensional coupled electromagnetic and thermal analysis of new machine constructions designed for elevated temperature.

Design of New Dual-Motor Independent Drive System for Electric Vehicle

2012 ◽  
Vol 591-593 ◽  
pp. 251-258
Author(s):  
Wen Wei Wang ◽  
Cheng Lin ◽  
Wan Ke Cao ◽  
Jiao Yang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Stability Control ◽  
Driving System ◽  
System A ◽  
Important Direction ◽  
Time Predictability ◽  
Information Scheduling

Multi-motor wheel independent driving technology is an important direction of electric vehicle(EV). Based on the analysis of the features of existing independent driving system of electric vehicle, a new dual-motor independent driving system configuration was designed. Complete parameters matching and simulation analysis of the system include motor, reducer, and battery. Distributed control network architecture based on high-speed CAN bus was developed, and information scheduling was optimized and real-time predictability was analyzed based on the rate monotonic (RM) algorithm and jitter margin index. The vehicle lateral stability control was achieved based on coordinated electro-hydraulic active braking. Based on the new dual-motor independent driving system, a new battery electric car was designed and tested. The results show that the vehicle has excellent dynamic and economic performance.

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