scholarly journals Hemostasis disturbances in patients with acute pancreatitis and the ways of their correction

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
S. М. Chuklin ◽  
B. Y. Pidhirnyi ◽  
S. S. Chuklin
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Coagulation Cascade ◽  
Systemic Complications ◽  
Hemostatic System ◽  
Hemostatic Disorders

The literature review imposed the experimental and clinical data on the changes in the hemostatic system at acute pancreatitis. The reasons of hemostatic disorders and possible ways of its correction were identified. Disturbance in the coagulation is a feature at acute pancreatitis and is associated with disease severity. The results of experimental studies in animals and clinical studies suggest that modulation of hemostasis can provide a therapeutic target for the treatment of this disease. Inhibition of the coagulation cascade can prevent intravascular coagulation and inflammation in the pancreas and distant organs, thereby preventing systemic complications in patients with acute pancreatitis.

scholarly journals Hemostasis disturbances in patients with acute pancreatitis and the ways of its correction

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. М. Chuklin ◽  
B. Ya. Pidhirnyi ◽  
S. S. Chuklin
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Coagulation Cascade ◽  
Systemic Complications ◽  
Hemostatic System ◽  
Hemostatic Disorders

<p>The literature review imposed the experimental and clinical data on the changes in the hemostatic system<br />at acute pancreatitis. The reasons of hemostatic disorders and possible ways of its correction were identified.<br />Disturbance in the coagulation is a feature at acute pancreatitis and is associated with disease severity. The<br />results of experimental studies in animals and clinical studies suggest that modulation of hemostasis can provide a<br />therapeutic target for the treatment of this disease. Inhibition of the coagulation cascade can prevent intravascular<br />coagulation and inflammation in the pancreas and distant organs, thereby preventing systemic complications in<br />patients with acute pancreatitis.</p>

scholarly journals What Do We Have to Know about PD-L1 Expression in Prostate Cancer? A Systematic Literature Review. Part 4: Experimental Treatments in Pre-Clinical Studies (Cell Lines and Mouse Models)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Palicelli ◽  
Stefania Croci ◽  
Alessandra Bisagni ◽  
Eleonora Zanetti ◽  
Dario De Biase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Tumor Cell Migration ◽  
Radium 223

In prostate cancer (PC), the PD-1/PD-L1 axis regulates various signaling pathways and it is influenced by extracellular factors. Pre-clinical experimental studies investigating the effects of various treatments (alone or combined) may discover how to overcome the immunotherapy-resistance in PC-patients. We performed a systematic literature review (PRISMA guidelines) to delineate the landscape of pre-clinical studies (including cell lines and mouse models) that tested treatments with effects on PD-L1 signaling in PC. NF-kB, MEK, JAK, or STAT inhibitors on human/mouse, primary/metastatic PC-cell lines variably down-modulated PD-L1-expression, reducing chemoresistance and tumor cell migration. If PC-cells were co-cultured with NK, CD8+ T-cells or CAR-T cells, the immune cell cytotoxicity increased when PD-L1 was downregulated (opposite effects for PD-L1 upregulation). In mouse models, radiotherapy, CDK4/6-inhibitors, and RB deletion induced PD-L1-upregulation, causing PC-immune-evasion. Epigenetic drugs may reduce PD-L1 expression. In some PC experimental models, blocking only the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway had limited efficacy in reducing the tumor growth. Anti-tumor effects could be increased by combining the PD-1/PD-L1 blockade with other approaches (inhibitors of tyrosine kinase, PI3K/mTOR or JAK/STAT3 pathways, p300/CBP; anti-RANKL and/or anti-CTLA-4 antibodies; cytokines; nitroxoline; DNA/cell vaccines; radiotherapy/Radium-223).

Exneriana – II – The Scientific Legacy of John E. Exner, Jr. 1Part of this paper was presented at the XIXth International Congress of Rorschach and Projective Methods, July 22–26, 2008, Louvain, Belgium.

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Andronikof
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
International Congress ◽  
Response Process ◽  
Scientific Legacy ◽  
Projective Test ◽  
Projective Methods ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Complex Mechanisms

Based on an analysis of John Exner’s peer-reviewed published work from 1959 to 2007, plus a brief comment for an editorial in Rorschachiana, the author draws a comprehensive picture of the scientific work of this outstanding personality. The article is divided into three sections: (1) the experimental studies on the Rorschach, (2) the clinical studies using the Rorschach, and (3) Exner’s “testament,” which we draw from the last paper he saw published before his death (Exner, 2001/2002). The experimental studies were aimed at better understanding the nature of the test, in particular the respective roles of perception and projection in the response process. These fundamental studies led to a deeper understanding of the complex mechanisms involved in the Rorschach responses and introduced some hypotheses about the intentions of the author of the test. The latter were subsequently confirmed by the preparatory sketches and documents of Hermann Rorschach, which today can be seen at the H. Rorschach Archives and Museum in Bern (Switzerland). Exner’s research has evidenced the notion that the Rorschach is a perceptive-cognitive-projective test.

Clinical Profile and Outcomes in Patients with Acute Pancreatitis attending a Teaching Hospital at Gandaki Province, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subash Bhattarai ◽  
Merina Gyawali
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Severe Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systemic Complications ◽  
Keywords Alcohol

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is inflammatory process of pancreas presenting with acute abdominal pain.The majority of patients have mild disease. Some patients develop local and systemic complications with increased morbidity and mortality. This study was undertaken to describe the clinical profile and outcomes in patients with acute pancreatitis.   Methods:  A cross-sectional hospital based study comprising of 62 consecutive patients with acute pancreatitis were enrolled between Jan 2019 to August 2020. Clinical profile at admission, complications and clinical outcomes including mortality were studied. Patients were classified into mild, moderately severe and severe acute pancreatitis based on revised Atlanta classification and modified CT severity index.  Data entry was done in Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences version 20. Results: The mean age of study subjects was 44±10.87 years with 43 (56%) males and 19 (44%) females (M:F=2.1:1). The commonest etiology of pancreatitis was alcohol (53.2%) followed by biliary pancreatitis (37.1%)  The most common presentation was abdominal pain (100%). The most common complication was pancreatic necrosis (21%) followed by acute kidney injury (19.4%) and pleural effusion (17.3%). Majority( 72.6%) was mild and 17.7% had severe acute pancreatitis. Mortality was seen in 6.5% patients. Mortality was observed in patients with persistent complications, organ failure, low serum calcium and high modified CT severity index.   Conclusions: Alcohol and gallstones were the two main etiologies of acute pancreatitis and were common in males, and in middle age groups. Majority presented with mild severity. Mortality was observed in some patients with severe acute pancreatitis.   Keywords: alcohol; biliary; CT severity index; mortality; outcome; pancreatitis          

Sting pathway – A futuristic therapeutic target for acute pancreatitis?

Gene ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 778 ◽  
pp. 145469
Author(s):  
Vaishnavi Sundar ◽  
Anupam Dutta ◽  
Shalini Ramasamy ◽  
Venkatraman Manickam ◽  
Ramasamy Tamizhselvi
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Sting Pathway

scholarly journals Toxic Animal-Based Medicinal Materials Can Be Effective in Treating Endometriosis: A Scoping Review

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Su-In Hwang ◽  
Young-Jin Yoon ◽  
Soo-Hyun Sung ◽  
Ki-Tae Ha ◽  
Jang-Kyung Park
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Dependent Growth ◽  
Gynecological Disorder ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies

Animal toxins and venoms have recently been developed as cancer treatments possessing tumor cell growth-inhibitory, antiangiogenesis, and proapoptotic effects. Endometriosis is a common benign gynecological disorder in reproductive-age women, and no definite treatment for this disorder is without severe side effects. As endometriosis and malignant tumors share similar characteristics (progressive, invasive, estrogen-dependent growth, and recurrence), animal toxins and venoms are thought to be effective against endometriosis. The objective of this study was to outline studies using toxic animal-based medicinal materials (TMM) as endometriosis treatment and to explore its clinical applicability. Preclinical and clinical studies using TMM were searched for in four databases from inception to October 2020. A total of 20 studies of TMM on endometriosis were included. In eight clinical studies, herbal medicines containing TMM were effective in relieving symptoms of endometriosis, with no side effects. In twelve experimental studies, the main therapeutic mechanisms of TMM against endometriosis were proapoptotic, antiangiogenesis, estrogen level-reducing, and possible anti-inflammatory effects. TMM are thus considered promising sources for the development of an effective treatment method for endometriosis. Further studies are needed to clarify the therapeutic mechanism of TMM against endometriosis and to provide sufficient grounds for clinical application.

scholarly journals CD169/SIGLEC1 is expressed on circulating monocytes in COVID-19 and expression levels are associated with disease severity

Infection ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan-Moritz Doehn ◽  
Christoph Tabeling ◽  
Robert Biesen ◽  
Jacopo Saccomanno ◽  
Elena Madlung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Type I Interferons ◽  
Type I ◽  
Interferon Signaling ◽  
Expression Levels

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Type I interferons are important in the defense of viral infections. Recently, neutralizing IgG auto-antibodies against type I interferons were found in patients with severe COVID-19 infection. Here, we analyzed expression of CD169/SIGLEC1, a well described downstream molecule in interferon signaling, and found increased monocytic CD169/SIGLEC1 expression levels in patients with mild, acute COVID-19, compared to patients with severe disease. We recommend further clinical studies to evaluate the value of CD169/SIGLEC1 expression in patients with COVID-19 with or without auto-antibodies against type I interferons.

The Impact of Classroom Chatter Noise on Comprehension: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 003151252110059
Author(s):  
Anne-Sophie Lamotte ◽  
Aziz Essadek ◽  
Gérard Shadili ◽  
Jean-Michel Perez ◽  
Julien Raft
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Classroom Environment ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Noisy Environment ◽  
Student Comprehension ◽  
The Impact

Communication through discussion and conversations is fundamental to human life; but when such discourse escapes the control of a teacher in the classroom, it becomes little more than chatter. This noise challenges teaching methods and the teaching stance with students. Yet, its impact on comprehension has rarely been studied. The aim of this literature review was to examine the research on the impact of classroom noise generated by chatter on students’ comprehension performance. We adopted the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Metanalysis) guidelines to examine this literature. This review covered a 10-year period (papers written between 2009 and 2019), with nine experimental studies selected from the 2,954 papers screened. In 89% of these nine studies, there were significant comprehension differences on all tests, revealed when comprehension took place in a noisy environment due to chatter. This review indicated an essential need for a field survey to better understand the impact of chatter on comprehension. Other studies are recommended to highlight any correlation between measured chatter and student comprehension in a real classroom environment.

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