scholarly journals The effect of self-efficacy on maths anxiety among paramedic students

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eihab Khasawneh ◽  
Cameron Gosling ◽  
Brett Williams
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Course Work ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Mathematical Problems ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Math Problems

Introduction   Maths anxiety is defined as feelings of tension that interfere with dealing with numbers and mathematical problems. Self-efficacy, which is related to maths anxiety, can be defined as perceptions of one's abilities to math problems, tasks and math-related course work. This study aimed to investigate the effect of gender, age and year level on maths anxiety and self-efficacy and to study the relationship between self-efficacy and maths anxiety among paramedic students. Methods A cross-sectional study of paramedic students at Monash University in Victoria was conducted. Participants completed a 15-minute paper-based questionnaire which is composed of Maths Anxiety Rating Scale – Revised (MARS-R),) the Maths Self-Efficacy Scale (MSES) and demographic information. Results The questionnaires were completed and returned by 344 students. (81.3% return rate). The mean score for the MARS-R was 25.71 (SD=8.80) and for the MSES was 125.59 (SD=29.55). Females had higher maths anxiety levels (M=26.83, SD=9.00) than males (M=23.67, SD=8.26) and lower self-efficacy (M=119.59, SD=29.30) than males (M=135.73, SD=27.39). There was a significant negative relationship between MARS-R and MSES levels. Multiple linear regression indicated that maths self-efficacy (beta = -0.626, p<0.001) made the strongest contribution to maths anxiety levels. Conclusion There was a significant negative relationship between maths anxiety and self-efficacy levels reported by the paramedic student cohort. Gender plays an integral part in determining maths anxiety and self-efficacy level. To improve maths performance and reduce anxiety during calculation tasks, such as dose determinations, targeted education should be developed to improve maths self-efficacy.

scholarly journals Comparison of Anxiolytic Drugs of Diazepam and Zolpidem in Patients Undergoing Extraction

2020 ◽  
pp. 178-187
Author(s):  
Anupama Deepak ◽  
Dhanraj Ganapathy ◽  
Visalakshi Ramanathan
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anxiolytic Drugs ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale ◽  
Anxiety Levels

Anxiolytic drugs are a class of drugs that reduce the anxiety levels in the individuals by nonspecifically binding to the GABAα located throughout the central nervous system. The aim of this study was to compare the anxiolytic effects of diazepam and Zolpidem in patients undergoing extraction. This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a university setting, with a sample size of 100 patients, of the age group 25-45 years. 50 patients were administered with Tab. Diazepam and 50 patients with Tab. Zolpidem one hour before the surgical procedure. The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A Scale) was used to record the patient's anxiety levels before and during the extraction procedure. These data were then recorded in MS Excel Sheet and imported to SPSS for statistical analysis. From this study, it can be seen that most of the patients were females and mainly between the age group 25-35 years. Diazepam had significantly lesser post sedation anxiety levels in comparison with its post sedation levels than zolpidem with, a statistically significant difference (p<0.001). Therefore, it can be concluded that diazepam had better post sedation effects than zolpidem in patients undergoing extraction as patients presented with lesser severity in their anxiety levels.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DENGAN KECEMASAN IBU HAMIL MENJELANG PERSALINAN PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-431
Author(s):  
Riska Diana Putri ◽  
Asri Mutiara Putri ◽  
Ratna Purwaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Hamilton Anxiety

Background Coronavirus Disease 2019 is currently a pandemic in almost all countries in the world. This pandemic outbreak can increase anxiety especially in pregnant women. One of the factors that can reduce the level of anxiety of pregnant women is knowledge. Purpose This study was conducted to find out the relationship of knowledge with the level of anxiety of pregnant women ahead of childbirth in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods The type of research used is Observational Analytics using Cross Sectional design. Respondets in this study were 59 pregnant women with a gestational age of 27-35 weeks before childbirth who checked their pregnancy to posyandu in Rajadesa Subdistrict, Ciamis Regency. The measuring instrument used is hamilton anxiety rating scale (HARS) and knowledge scale. The data was analyzed using Pearson Product Moment correlation tests. The results of this study showed a significant negative relationship of -0.635 between knowledge and anxiety levels of pregnant women ahead of childbirth with a significance (p) of 0.000. Further research can expand research samples from various regions in Indonesia so that a more comprehensive picture of anxiety in pregnant women in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic.The conclusion is that there is a significant negative relationship between knowledge and anxiety in pregnant women before delivery and most pregnant women have good knowledge and do not experience anxiety. Suggestions for health workers to be more intensive in providing counseling to pregnant women about the anxiety of pregnant women before delivery and optimizing referral services if there are complications during delivery in order to obtain appropriate action. Keyword : Covid-19 pandemic, Knowledge, Anxiety ABSTRAK Latar Belakang Coronavirus Disease 2019 saat ini menjadi pandemi hampir di seluruh negara di dunia. Wabah pandemi ini dapat meningkatkan kecemasan terutama pada ibu hamil.Salah satu faktor yang dapat mengurangi tingkat kecemasan ibu hamil adalah pengetahuan.Tujuan Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dengan tingkat kecemasan ibu hamil menjelang persalinan di era pandemi Covid-19.Metode Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Analitik Observasional dengan menggunakan desain Cross Sectional. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah 59 ibu hamil dengan usia kehamilan 27-35 mimggu yang memeriksakan kehamilannya ke posyandu di Kecamatan Rajadesa Kabupaten Ciamis. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) dan skala pengetahuan. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson Product Moment.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan adanya hubungan negatif yang signifikan sebesar -0,635 antara pengetahuan dengan tingkat kecemasan ibu hamil menjelang persalinan dengan signifikansi (p) sebesar 0,000. Penelitian selanjutnya dapat memperluas sampel penelitian dari berbagai daerah di Indonesia sehingga diperoleh gambaran lebih menyeluruh tentang kecemasan pada ibu hamil di era pandemic Covid-19.Kesimpulan ada hubungan negative signifikan antara pengetahuan dengan kecemasan pada ibu hamil menjelang persalinan dan  sebagian besar ibu hamil memiliki pengetahuan baik dan tidak mengalami kecemasan.Saran bagi tenaga kesehatan agar lebih intensif dalam memberikan penyuluhan pada ibu hamil mengenai kecemasan ibu hamil menjelang persalinan dan mengoptimalkan pelayanan rujukan bila terdapat komplikasi pada saat persalinan agar dapat memperoleh tindakan yang tepat Kata Kunci : Pandemi Covid-19, Pengetahuan, Kecemasan

scholarly journals The Competencies of Daycare Caregivers in Building Interaction and Attachment with Children to Optimize Their Cognitive Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-79
Author(s):  
Selinna Sandrinia Zainuddin ◽  
Ni Made Surianti ◽  
Alfiasari
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Child Interaction ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Interaction Variables ◽  
Caring Institution

Families whose parents are both working have limited time in nurturing their children. This circumstance makes parents, especially mothers, alternate parenting to the babysitter or caring institution called daycare. This study aimed to analyze the correlation of children's characteristics, caregiver-child interaction, and attachment with the cognitive development of preschool children in daycare. This study used a cross-sectional study design with the daycare (TPA) selection as the research location carried out purposively located in the buffer areas of the capital city of DKI Jakarta. Respondents in this study were 39 children aged 2.5-6.4 years with complete parents and 16 caregivers from four selected TPA who interacted with their children daily. Data was collected by means of in-depth observations to measure the interaction variables between caregivers and children. This study indicates a positive correlation between caregiver-child interaction and attachment with a child's cognitive development. This study also found a significant positive relationship between the caregivers-child interaction with caregivers-child attachments and a significant negative relationship between the child's age and the caregivers-child attachment. This shows that interaction, and attachment between caregivers and children are important factors that can improve cognitive development while in TPA.

scholarly journals Correlation between Happiness and Depression According to Beck Depression and Oxford Happiness Inventory among University Students

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Mohsen Rezaee ◽  
Arvin Hedayati ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Naghizadeh ◽  
Mojtaba Farjam ◽  
Hamid Reza Sabet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Oxford Happiness Inventory

Background: Happiness is a subjective emotional state associated with a wide number of personal and socio-economic factors evaluated with Oxford Happiness Inventory (OHI). Depression is a syndrome diagnosed by psychiatric criteria and measured by Beck depression questionnaire. The goal of this study was to evaluate the correlation between happiness and depression, measured by OHI and Beck questionnaire, respectively in a population of university students.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2014 at Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fars province, Iran. OHI, Beck questionnaire and demographic information sheet were filled by 216 students between 18 to 30 years old. Analyses were done to test the correlation between depression and happiness scores as well as happiness and several demographic factors. Results: Two hundred and sixteen students, 142(65.7%) females and 74 (34.3%) males with mean ages of 20.67±1.52 years old participated. There was a significant reverse correlation between happiness and depression scores (P<0.001) with correlation coefficient of -0.757. Coefficient for determination was 0.57 for this correlation. Significant negative relationship existed between happiness and addiction in the family (P=0.001). Positive correlation was found between happiness and marriage (P=0.036). Conclusion: This study reports when happiness score increases, the depression score decreases; however, the coefficient for determination of this correlation shows that only a little more than half of happiness changes are described and assessed with depression score. It seems that the two psychometric tools do not completely stand against each other. Hence, happiness cannot be translated to lack of happiness. For further evaluation of this relationship, case-control and cohort studies are needed in different populations. [GMJ.2016;5(2):75-81]

scholarly journals DIGITALTOOLS AND LANGUAGE IN CHILDREN AGED BETWEEN 8 TO 36 MONTHS

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Giangennaro Coppola ◽  
Grazia Maria Giovanna Pastorino ◽  
Chiara Padovano ◽  
Chiara Scuoppo ◽  
Valentina Vivenzio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Skills ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Daily Time

— Aim: In the last ten years, digital tools have become common in children. Language skills are important and emerge in childhood. The purpose of the present study is to find a potential relation between digital tools use and language skills in children aged 8 to 36 months, considering other factors. Methods: This is an observational cross-sectional study that included a total of 260 subjects between 8 and 36 months. Parents of all children completed a questionnaire that explores usage of digital tools by children, and another one for language skills (MacArthur-Bates). Results: We found a significant negative relationship between the daily time of use of digital devices and the gestures and actions Quotient (ß = −0.397) in subjects aged 8 to 17 months, and between the daily time of use and the quotient of the lexicon (ß = −0.224) in subjects aged 18 to 36 months. Conclusion: We have shown that a major use of digital devices was linked to lower abilities of actions and mimics in subjects 8–17 months of age and to worse language performances in subjects aged 18 to 36 months. The other explored factors were not linked to these results.

scholarly journals THE VERTICAL JUMP AND SPRINT PERFORMANCE AS DETERMINANTS OF AGILITY AMONG MALE ADOLESCENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 525
Author(s):  
Zoran Momčilović ◽  
Darko Stojanović ◽  
Vladimir Momčilović
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sprint Performance ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the relationship between the vertical jump (VJ) and sprint performance with agility among male adolescents. The study was conducted on 42 male elementary school students, (age, 13±0.5 years). Among the predictor variables, the Squat Jump (SJ) and Countermovement Jump (CMJ) VJ height were assessed by the Optojump (Microgate, Italy) optical system, and sprint times at 5, 10 and 30 m were assessed using the photocells timing system Witty (Microgate, Italy). Agility as a criterion was assessed with the agility T-test, timed also with photocells. Obtained results showed a significant negative relationship between SJ, CMJ and agility (r=-0.52; -0.58, respectively) and a positive relationship between sprint times at 5, 10 and 30 m and agility (r=0.43; 0.53; 0.57, respectively). A backward stepwise regression analysis showed that the CMJ was the best single predictor of agility (R2=0.34). The results of this study illustrate that enhancing jump and sprint performance will bring better times in agility performance. Finally, the CMJ has best influence on agility among all the predictor variables.

EARLY RECOGNIZATION OF THE CHILDREN WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER BY VANDERBILT ADHD RATING SCALE FOR TEACHERS AND PARENTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Dinh Duong Le ◽  
Van Thang Vo ◽  
Thi Mai Nguyen ◽  
Thi Han Vo ◽  
Huu Chau Duc Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Teachers And Parents ◽  
Key Words Adhd

Objectives: The study aims to explore the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and to examine the associated factors with ADHD among primary students by Vanderbilt ADHD rating scale for teacher and parents. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted in 564 students who selected randomly in 4 primary schools in Hue city. Vanderbilt ADHD rating scale for parents and teachers were applied to evaluate the ADHD of children over 6 months ago. Results: The overall prevalence of children who had high risk with ADHD was 4.1% (95%CI: 2.44 - 5.72), including 4.6% and 4.8% in the rating of teachers and parents, respectively. Male was more likely to have ADHD than female (OR adj: 4.64 (95%CI: 1.53 - 14.05) and lack of closely friend (OR adj: 5.11 (95% CI: 2.13 - 12.24). Conclusion: Vanderbilt ADHD diagnosis rating scale for teachers and parents can be used to early recognization children with a high risk of ADHD. Key words: ADHD, Vanderbilt, ratings scale, teacher, parent, children

The Relationship Between Career Adaptability and Job-Search Self-Efficacy of Graduates: The Bifactor Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 106907272110022
Author(s):  
Marijana Matijaš ◽  
Darja Maslić Seršić
Keyword(s):  
Job Search ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Bifactor Model ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Career Adaptability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Interview Performance

Career adaptability is an important resource for dealing with career transitions such as the transition from university to work. Previous research emphasized the importance of focusing on career adapt-abilities instead only on general career adaptability. The aim of this research was to investigate whether career adaptability can be conceptualized as a bifactor model and whether general and specific dimensions of career adaptability have a relationship with job-search self-efficacy of graduates. In an online cross-sectional study, 667 graduates completed the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale and Job Search Skill and Confidence Scale. The CFA analysis showed that the bifactor model of career adaptability had a good fit where general factor explained most of the items’ variance. The SEM analysis revealed that general career adaptability and the specific factor of confidence positively correlated with job-search and interview performance self-efficacy. Control only correlated with interview performance self-efficacy. Neither concern nor curiosity showed a significant relationship with job-search and interview performance self-efficacy.

scholarly journals How do delirium motor subtypes differ in phenomenology and contributory aetiology? a cross-sectional, multisite study of liaison psychiatry and palliative care patients

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e041214
Author(s):  
Kevin Glynn ◽  
Frank McKenna ◽  
Kevin Lally ◽  
Muireann O’Donnell ◽  
Sandeep Grover ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
International Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Liaison Psychiatry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypoactive Delirium

ObjectivesTo investigate whether delirium motor subtypes differ in terms of phenomenology and contributory aetiology.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingInternational study incorporating data from Ireland and India across palliative care, old age liaison psychiatry and general adult liaison psychiatry settings.Participants1757 patients diagnosed with delirium using criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth edition (DSM IV).Primary and secondary outcome measuresHyperactive, mixed and hypoactive delirium subtypes were identified using the abbreviated version of the Delirium Motor Subtype Scale. Phenomenology was assessed using the Delirium Rating Scale Revised. Contributory aetiologies were assessed using the Delirium Aetiology Checklist (DEC), with a score >2 indicating that the aetiology was likely or definitely contributory.ResultsHypoactive delirium was associated with dementia, cerebrovascular and systemic infection aetiologies (p<0.001) and had a lower overall burden of delirium symptoms than the other motor subtypes. Hyperactive delirium was associated with younger age, drug withdrawal and the DEC category other systemic aetiologies (p<0.001). Mixed delirium showed the greatest symptom burden and was more often associated with drug intoxication and metabolic disturbance (p<0.001). All three delirium motor subtypes had similar levels of impairment in attention and visuospatial functioning but differed significantly when compared with no subtype (p<0.001).ConclusionsThis study indicates a pattern of aetiology and symptomatology of delirium motor subtypes across a large international sample that had previously been lacking. It serves to improve our understanding of this complex condition and has implications in terms of early detection and management of delirium.

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