scholarly journals THE OPINIONS OF PRE-PRIMARY EDUCATION TEACHERS ON THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF HETEROGENEOUS AGE GROUPS

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-436
Author(s):  
Ivana Rochovska ◽  
Zlatica Huľová ◽  
Vladimír Klein ◽  
Miroslava Gašparová
Keyword(s):  
Primary Education ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Nursery School ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Nursery Schools ◽  
Practical Experiences

The research focuses on the issue of mixed-aged children in nursery schools. The aim of the research was to find out the opinions of the nursery school teachers on the advantages and disadvantages of a heterogeneous age groups based on their practical experiences. In order to find out the opinions of the respondents, a questionnaire was constructed and used. Based on the results, it can be said that 243 respondents consider an advantage to be the better social and emotional development of children, regardless of whether the respondent prefers to work in a homogeneous or heterogeneous age group. However, they did not agree with the disadvantages of heterogeneous age groups. The respondents teaching homogeneous age groups have generally identified far more disadvantages, and the greatest disadvantage being that children in a heterogeneous age group have worse conditions for cognitive development and do not have the opportunity to compete with each other. It has also been confirmed that those respondents with more years of work experience prefer a more heterogeneous age composition of groups than respondents with fewer years of work experience. Keywords: mixed-age groups, nursery school, nursery school teacher, pre-primary education.

Emotional Competence and Affective Computing as Factors of Formation of Individual and Social Identity

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-46
Author(s):  
Annamaria Curatola ◽  
Felice Corona ◽  
Carmelo Francesco Meduri ◽  
Carla Cozzarelli
Keyword(s):  
Affective Computing ◽  
Nursery School ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Cognitive Computing ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Nursery Schools ◽  
Experimental Project ◽  
New Perspective

This experience of psycho-emotional education is part of more extensive international researches based on the hypothesis that the “emotional experience”, if inserted in the daily conduct of the school curriculum, especially in the nursery school one, represents an excellent training opportunity, since it fosters the learners' best perception of the self, thus strengthening their expressive and communicative attitude. On the basis of Social and Emotional Learning (SEL) principles and inspired by a previous experience carried out by the Department of Human Science for training, this experimental project has been put into practice by some nursery schools in RC, thus providing very interesting data for the confirmation of the hypothesis. It has been also developed a study on the affective computing and the cognitive computing pursuing a new perspective that exceeds the traditional vision of what is defined as artificial intelligence and analyzes intelligence and aspects of perceptions, often neglected, with a methodological approach considering the emotional processes as important as the cognitive ones.

Grouping Children for Arithmetic Instruction

1954 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Charles E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Slow Learners ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Teaching Of Reading ◽  
The Social ◽  
Minimum Requirements

A few decades ago a public school teacher could be reasonably certain that the majority of the children in his room were capable of attaining the minimum level of achievement suggested by the course of study. Today the situation is changed. In the past mainly those who could meet these minimum requirements remained in school. Now all children are required by law to do so. Currently, in many schools, slow learners are promoted with their chronological age group in an attempt to assure the social and emotional development of all children. For the same reason the rapid learners, who formerly “skipped” grades, are now frequently held with their chronological age group. Thus, it is evident that in the public schools today there is an ever increasing range in academic achievement among the children. This situation creates many problems when children are taught en masse. Rapid learners are frequently allowed to coast through all the grades with a minimum of challenge while slow learners are often frustrated by tasks which demand more than they are capable of achieving. Most people would agree that ideally each child, at all times during his continuous development, should be challenged to reach his maximum intellectual, social and emotional growth. Teachers are therefore confronted with the problem of how to adjust teaching procedures so that maximum allowance may be made for individual differences. The purpose of this discussion is to outline one such procedure which may be used in the teaching of arithmetic. It is that of guiding the activities of three groups of children, working at different levels, within a single arithmetic period. Similar procedures are currently being used for the teaching of reading.

scholarly journals The Development of Teachers' and Their Students' Social and Emotional Learning During the “Learning to Be Project”-Training Course in Five European Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minna Berg ◽  
Markus Talvio ◽  
Lauri Hietajärvi ◽  
Isabel Benítez ◽  
Valeria Cavioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparison Group ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Social And Emotional Learning ◽  
Emotional Learning ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Student Groups ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Before And After

In recent years, the school curricula in many European countries have introduced social and emotional learning (SEL). This calls for the teachers to have SEL competencies. The present study evaluates teachers' and their students' readiness for SEL during an intervention in five European countries. The participants were teachers (n = 402) in five European countries; Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Slovenia, and Spain. The pre- and post-measuring points for both the intervention and the comparison group were at approximately the same time before and after the intervention. Comparison data consisted of 159 teachers in the same countries. The training for the intervention group lasted 16 h for the teachers and a maximum of 16 h for the principles and headmasters. An additional 9 h of further monitoring took place. There were two student groups participating in the study: the age group of 8–11 years (pre puberty) and the age group of 12–15-years (adolescents). Students, whose teachers had participated in the intervention, formed the intervention group (n = 2,552). Those students, whose teachers did not participate in the intervention, formed the comparison group (n = 1,730). The questionnaire data were collected at the beginning and at the end of the school year for both age groups. The results indicated that there was a favorable development in the intervention group in some of the measured skills among students, but the effects were different for the two age groups. This study adds to both theoretical and practical development of continuing teacher training about SEL and its possible role in reducing problem behavior among the students.

The Effect of Collagen Mediated Platelet Release on Plasma Prekallikrein Activation

1984 ◽  
Vol 51 (01) ◽  
pp. 037-041 ◽  
Author(s):  
K M Weerasinghe ◽  
M F Scully ◽  
V V Kakkar
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Activated Platelets ◽  
Platelet Release ◽  
Collagen Treatment

SummaryCollagen mediated platelet aggregation caused -5.6 ± 6.7% inhibition and +39.1 ± 15.2% potentiation of prekallikrein activation in plasma from normal healthy volunteers between 20–40 and 50–65 years of age, respectively (n = 15, p <0.01). The amouns of platelet factor-four (PF4) released in the two groups were not significantly different. Collagen treatment in the presence of indomethacin caused +11.5 ± 3.6% and +59.6 ± 19.5% potentiation in the 20–40 and 50–65 age groups respectively (p <0.02). Adrenaline mediated platelet aggregation caused -55.2 ± 7.1% and -35.2 ± 8.3% inhibition in the 20–40 and 50–65 age groups, respectively. Collagen treatment of platelet-deficient-plasma and platelet-rich-plasma in EDTA also caused potentiation of prekallikrein activation.The results indicate that the observed degree of prekallikrein activation after platelet aggregation is a net result of the inhibitory effect of PF4 and the potentiatory effect of activated platelets. The potentiatory effect was greater after collagen treatment as compared to adrenaline treatment, and in the 50–65 age group as compared to the 20–40 age group.

Health and Nutritional Status of Orphan Children’s Living in Orphanages with Special Reference to District Anantnag of Jammu and Kashmir

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mashkoor Ahmad Lone ◽  
Dr. P. Ganesan
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Indian Academy ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Nutritional Intake ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Height For Age ◽  
Weight For Age

The practice of placing deprived children having least or no emotional and material resources, in orphanages has since long been prevailing in socio -economically poor Asian countries. A sample of 30 children residing in orphanage in district Anantnag in the age group of 13-18 years was selected for the present study. Most of the children were found socially and psychologically disturbed. As per Indian Academy Paediatrics (IAP) classification with respect to weight for age the condition was not bad that as approximately 67% percent of the children were found to be normal. In the same way height for age as per Waterloo’s classification shown that more than half of the children were normal. On clinical examination approximately 47% of children were normal, while as rest were suffering from dispigmentation of hair, moon face, xerosis of skin cheilosis, magenta tongue, spongy bleeding gums, oedema, conjuctival xerosis, and mottled dental enamel. The findings indicated that nutritional intake was deficient for all nutrients when compared to, Recommended Daily Allowances Chart (RDA) for all age groups which may be linked to poor planning of menus in orphanages.

AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION AMONGST STUDENTS IN UTTAR PRADESH

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anu Kohli ◽  
Neha Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Career Option ◽  
Postgraduate Level

This research paper analyses factors that impact entrepreneurial intention among graduate and postgraduate students enrolled in professional courses at government and private institutes in the state of Uttar Pradesh. The objective of this study is to analyze whether the student’s academic background, demographic profile and family background impact various factors that affect entrepreneurial intention. The study was conducted during 2015-16 on a sample of 460 student respondents across various cities of Uttar Pradesh.The results of the analysis indicate that students of male gender, belonging to higher income, in older age groups, having work experience, enrolled in government institutes, belonging to business background and enrolled at postgraduate level are more likely to consider entrepreneurship as a more attractive career option, perceive that it is easier to start and do business, have more positive perception about family and societal support they receive in entrepreneurial career choice, are more open to risks and are more confident about their entrepreneurial skills and knowledge . The students having work experience, enrolled in government institutes, and belonging to business background are more likely to find availability of capital as a constraint in entrepreneurial career. The students belonging to older age groups, having work experience and enrolled in government institutes are more likely to consider availability of land/premise and resources as a constraint in entrepreneurial choice. The findings of this study will be instrumental in understanding and in designing policy imperatives for promoting entrepreneurship in the state.Key Words: Entrepreneurial intention, Students, Demographic factors, Family background, Educational background.

COVID-19 Epigenetics and Implications for Public Health

Coronaviruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verda Tunalıgil ◽  
Gülsen Meral ◽  
Ahmet Katı ◽  
Dhrubajyoti Chattopadhyay ◽  
Amit Kumar Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Epigenetic Processes

Abstract:: Epigenetic changes in COVID-19 host, a pandemic-causing infectious agent that globally incapacitated communities in varying complexities and capacities are discussed, proposing an analogy that epigenetic processes contribute to disease severity and elevate the risk for death from infection. Percentages of hospitalization, with and without intensive care, in the presence of diseases with increased ACE2 expression, were compared, based on the best available data. Further analysis compared two different age groups, 19-64 and ≥65 years of age. The COVID-19 disease is observed to be the most severe in the 65-and-higher-age group with preexisting chronic conditions. This observational study is a non-experimental empirical investigation of the outcomes of COVID-19 in different patient groups. Results are promising for conducting clinical trials with intervention groups. To ultimately succeed in disease prevention, researchers and clinicians must integrate epigenetic mechanisms to generate valid prescriptions for global well-being.

CEO Financial Background and Audit Pricing

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachana Kalelkar ◽  
Sarfraz Khan
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Chief Executive Officers ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Audit Committee ◽  
Reporting Quality ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Audit Fees ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Audit Pricing ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

SYNOPSIS Accounting scholars theorize that audit price is a function of a client's audit and business risk. Existing research finds that the functional expertise of Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) in finance improves financial reporting quality (Matsunaga, Wang, and Yeung 2013), increases profitability, and reduces the likelihood of firm failure (Custodio and Metzger 2014). These factors suggest that auditors' engagement risk decreases when incumbent CEOs possess financial expertise, raising the likelihood that auditors will charge these firms lower fees. In this study, we examine whether CEOs' work experience in accounting- and finance-related jobs affects audit fees. Using a panel of U.S. firms between 2004 and 2013, we find that firms that have a financial expert CEO pay lower audit fees. Our results are robust to various specifications, including firm-fixed effect model and specifications that control for other CEO- and Chief Financial Officer (CFO)-specific and audit committee characteristics. Our findings thus add to the literature on the advantages and disadvantages of a functional background of top managers and how this background can create value for a firm through savings in audit fees.

scholarly journals Tower Running—Participation, Performance Trends, and Sex Difference

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Stark ◽  
Stefania Di Gangi ◽  
Caio Victor Sousa ◽  
Pantelis Nikolaidis ◽  
Beat Knechtle
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Statistical Model ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Stair Climbing ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Performance Trends ◽  
The Difference

Though there are exhaustive data about participation, performance trends, and sex differences in performance in different running disciplines and races, no study has analyzed these trends in stair climbing and tower running. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate these trends in tower running. The data, consisting of 28,203 observations from 24,007 climbers between 2014 and 2019, were analyzed. The effects of sex and age, together with the tower characteristics (i.e., stairs and floors), were examined through a multivariable statistical model with random effects on intercept, at climber’s level, accounting for repeated measurements. Men were faster than women in each age group (p < 0.001 for ages ≤69 years, p = 0.003 for ages > 69 years), and the difference in performance stayed around 0.20 km/h, with a minimum of 0.17 at the oldest age. However, women were able to outperform men in specific situations: (i) in smaller buildings (<600 stairs), for ages between 30 and 59 years and >69 years; (ii) in higher buildings (>2200 stairs), for age groups <20 years and 60–69 years; and (iii) in buildings with 1600–2200 stairs, for ages >69 years. In summary, men were faster than women in this specific running discipline; however, women were able to outperform men in very specific situations (i.e., specific age groups and specific numbers of stairs).

scholarly journals Validity of the Gender Dysphoria diagnosis and incidence trends in Sweden: a nationwide register study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malin Indremo ◽  
Richard White ◽  
Thomas Frisell ◽  
Sven Cnattingius ◽  
Alkistis Skalkidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Dysphoria ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Nationwide Register Study

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the validity of the Gender Dysphoria (GD) diagnoses in the Swedish National Patient Register (NPR), to discuss different register-based definitions of GD and to investigate incidence trends. We collected data on all individuals with registered GD diagnoses between 2001 and 2016 as well as data on the coverage in the NPR. We regarded gender confirming medical intervention (GCMI) as one proxy for a clinically valid diagnosis and calculated the positive predictive value (PPV) for receiving GCMI for increasing number of registered GD diagnoses. We assessed crude and coverage-adjusted time trends of GD during 2004–2015 with a Poisson regression, using assigned sex and age as interaction terms. The PPV for receiving GCMI was 68% for ≥ 1 and 79% for ≥ 4 GD-diagnoses. The incidence of GD was on average 35% higher with the definition of ≥ 1 compared to the definition of ≥ 4 diagnoses. The incidence of GD, defined as ≥ 4 diagnoses increased significantly during the study period and mostly in the age categories 10–17 and 18–30 years, even after adjusting for register coverage. We concluded that the validity of a single ICD code denoting clinical GD in the Swedish NPR can be questioned. For future research, we propose to carefully weight the advantages and disadvantages of different register-based definitions according to the individual study’s needs, the time periods involved and the age-groups under study.

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