scholarly journals Effectiveness of the Ageratum (Ageratum conyzoides) Leaf Extract as Botanical Fungicide Against Twisted Disease of Shallot

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Rianosa Rianosa ◽  
Hartal Hartal ◽  
Setyowati Setyowati
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Anti Fungal ◽  
And Control

Rianosa R, Hartal H, Setyowati N. 2020. Effectiveness of the Ageratum (Ageratum conyzoides) leaf extract as botanical fungicide against moler diseases of shallot. Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal: Journal of Suboptimal Lands 9(1): 1-10.  Moler is a major disease of onion caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae. Application of synthetic fungicides in the long-term has a negative effect to the environment. Weed leaves of Ageratum (Ageratum conyzoides) have potential to be an anti-fungal, anti-bacterial as well as anti-cancer. This study aimed to determine the best concentration of Ageratum leaf extract to control twisted disease and to compare the effectiveness of botanical fungicide and synthetic fungicide. The research was conducted in June - September 2018 at the Plant Protection Laboratory and greenhouse, University of Bengkulu. The experiment was consists of five Ageratum leaf extract concentrations as a botanical fungicide (i.e. 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%), and synthetic fungicide namely mancozeb and metil tiofanat and control treatment (in sterile soil with no fungicide treatment). The experiment used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a single factor. Ageratum leaf extract was obtained through the maceration method using ethanol 96%. The application of fungicide was carried out on shallot bulbs before planting. The results showed botanical fungicides from Ageratum leaf extract were effective against twisted disease of shallots, concentration 4% of Ageratum leaf extract resulted in a longer incubation period and lower disease intensity compared to other concentrations, and the effectiveness of Ageratum leaf extract at a concentration of 4% was comparable to that of mancozeb to control twisted disease. Application of both synthetic and botanical fungicide resulted in a higher yield of shallot. Therefore, Ageratum leaf extract has potential as a substitution of synthetic fungicides to control twisted disease of shallots.

scholarly journals Bioactivity Formulation Of Leaf Extract Of Kalanchoe pinnata And Seed Of Azadirachta indica Against Spodoptera litura

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Hedi Paramita ◽  
Lindung Tri Puspasari ◽  
Yusup Hidayat ◽  
Rika Meliansyah ◽  
Danar Dono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Kalanchoe Pinnata ◽  
And Control

The aim of this research is to know the most effective concentration of liquid formulation of Kalanchoe pinnata leaf extract 50 EC and Azadirachta indica seed extract 50 EC against S. litura. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Pesticides and Enviromental Toxicology, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. The concentration were tested of each formulation were 1%, 2%, 3 %, 4%,and control.  The experiment arranged in completely randomized design (CRD) and replicated three times. The results showed that the formulation of A. indica seed extract 50 EC at concentration of 2%, 3%, and 4% effective against S. Litura larvae with mortality of 76.7%, 86.7, and 93.3%  This formulation also causing a decrease in feeding activity, weight, and lenghten the development time of S.litura larvae. Unlike the case with liquid formulations of K. pinnata 50 EC extract which was less toxic and did not show significant differences in feed intake, weight of larvae, and development time of larvae compared control treatment.                Keywords: Toxicity, mortality, growth dearragement, botanical insecticide.

Effect of Ethephon and Packaging Practices On Ripening of Mango cv. Maldah

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
S Sapkota ◽  
D Kc ◽  
H Giri ◽  
M Saud ◽  
M Basnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Quality Performance ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Ethephon Treatment ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control ◽  
Juice Content

The present research was conducted on two factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with eight treatments and three replications. A set of experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of postharvest ethephon treatment and packaging on ripening of mango cv. Maldah. The treatments consisted of ripening agent i.e., ethephon and control treatment under different packaging condition i.e., fiber with hole, fiber without hole, plastic with hole and plastic without hole. The result revealed that different packaging condition and ripening agents influenced the ripening behavior of mango. The highest TSS (15.26), sugar-acid ratio (23.66) and juice content (126.05) were recorded with fiber (without hole) and the lowest TSS (12.60), sugar-acid ratio (9.01) and juice content (116.05) with plastic (without hole). The highest TA (1.44) was recorded with plastic (without hole) and the lowest (0.66) with fiber (without hole). Similarly, the highest BT (2.83) was recorded with fiber (with hole) and the lowest (1.66) with plastic (without hole). Firmness, sweetness, TSS and juice content were the highest with the interaction effect of fiber bag (without hole) and ethephon treatment. In conclusion, mango fruits with ethephon treatment packed in fiber bag (without hole) enhances quality and ripening of mango whereas under controlled condition and without hole plastic packaging mangoes had low quality performance in terms of physio-chemical properties. SAARC J. Agric., 19(1): 155-163 (2021)

scholarly journals Phytoremediation as a Prospective Method for Rehabilitation of Areas Contaminated by Long-Term Sewage Sludge Storage: The Greek Experience

2017 ◽  
pp. 836-853
Author(s):  
N. Suchkova ◽  
E. Darakas ◽  
J. Ganoulis ◽  
Y. Vergeles
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Samples

In this work the suitability of several plant species for phytoremediation under natural and artificially installed conditions was studied. Brassica napus, Medicago sativa, Zea mays, Triticum aestivum, and Hordeum vulgare were grown in pots with sewage sludge from Sindos Main WWTP in Thessaloniki and from Sindos Industrial WWTP in Thessaloniki, Greece. The first series of experiments included comparing measurements of various parameters for the above mentioned plants and the sludge to those for control samples (the same plants growing in compost). It was shown that shoot growth was less reduced in T. aestivum and H. vulgare than in the other plant species studied. B. napus had lower germination tax, followed by M. sativa with the lowest germination tax. Generally B. napus, giving less biomass production than Z. mays and T. aestivum, is characterised by a higher ability to accumulate heavy metals like Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cr, As and Hg. The second series of experiments included comparing measurements of various parameters of B. napus grown in sludge and treated each 7 days with metal solutions of Ni, Zn and Pb containing 10-2mg/l, 10-4mg/l, 10-6mg/l of each metal, to those for control plants treated with double distilled water. Results showed that shoot growth of B. napus were increased at treatments with lower concentrations of metals (10-6 mg/l) and control (treatment with d-distilled water). At the same time uptake of metal ions was increased with the concentration of the solution, i.e. at higher concentrations (10-2 mg/l). It is truly for Pb and Zn, transfer coefficient TC of which (indicates a plant’s potential to concentrate a metal) was quite high 15 % and 7 % correspondingly. It was noticed that B. napus has high ability to accumulate Cr, from the other hand it did not accumulate Ni (at present case).

Effect of different selenium sources and concentrations on glutathione peroxidase activity and cholesterol metabolism of beef cattle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janaina S da Silva ◽  
Alessandra F Rosa ◽  
Cristina T Moncau ◽  
Bárbara Silva Vignato ◽  
Silvana Marina P Pugine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Liver Concentration ◽  
Total Meat ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different Se sources and concentrations on glutathione forms and cholesterol metabolism in beef cattle. Sixty-three Nellore bulls (412 ± 19 kg BW; 24 months old) were randomly assigned to a completely randomized design in a 2×3 + 1 factorial arrangement (63 pens; one animal/pen) with two Se sources (sodium selenite, ING and Se-yeast, ORG), three concentrations (0.3, 0.9 and 2.7 mg supplemental Se/kg DM), and control treatment (without Se supplementation) fed for 90 days. Blood samples were collected on d 0, 28, 56, and 84. Muscle and liver samples were collected at harvest. Hepatic GSSG (P = 0.004), GSH/GSSG ratio (P = 0.030), and GSH-Px (P = 0.004) were affected by Se source x concentration interaction. Oxidized glutathione was higher in the ORG group vs. ING at concentration 2.7 mg supplemental Se/kg DM, but at 0.3 mg supplemental Se/kg DM the ING group was higher than ORG. The liver GSH-Px activity was higher in the ORG group vs. ING at concentration 0.9 and 2.7 mg supplemental Se/kg DM. The GSH/GSSG ratio was the highest in animals fed 0.3 mg supplemental Se/kg DM of ORG. Selenium liver concentration increased linearly with the supplemental Se concentration in the diet (y = 0.0583 + 0.4254x, R 2 = 0.92, P < 0.0001), regardless of source. Total meat cholesterol was greater (P < 0.001) in CON (control) vs. SUP (supplemented, regardless source) group. The muscle GSH-Px activity was higher (P < 0.001) in SUP vs. CON and increased (P < 0.004) with increasing supplemental Se concentrations. There was an increase on VLDL, glucose, and triglycerides in ORG vs. ING (P ≤ 0.035). In general, serum Se was higher (P < 0.001) in SUP vs. CON and increased with increasing supplemental Se concentration. Lastly, the HMGCR concentration was lower (P = 0.002) in SUP (0.39 ng/mL) vs. CON (0.55 ng/mL). Selenium supplementation with different sources and concentrations has the potential to affect cholesterol metabolism by affecting GSH/GSSG ratio, GSH-Px, and the HMGCR.

scholarly journals Performance of Broilers Supplemented With Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) Powder

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nematollah Asadi ◽  
Seyed Davood Husseini ◽  
Mohammad-Taghi Tohidian ◽  
Nargess Abdali ◽  
Amir Mimandipoure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Production Period ◽  
And Control

This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of peppermint ( Mentha piperita L.) on the performance of broiler chicks. 500 Ross broiler chicks were divided into 5 treatment groups of 4 replications in a completely randomized design format. The diets were ISO-caloric and ISO-nitrogenous ones and contained 1.5, 3, 4.5, and 6 g/kg of peppermint powder. At start, growing, and end periods, the effects of peppermint powder on average daily weight gain, feed conversation ratio, and mortality rate were studied. The results of the present study showed that over a production period of 42 days peppermint had a significant effect on average daily weight gain and feed conversation ratio when compared with the control group ( P < .05). The level of 4.5 g/kg had the highest average daily weight gain (52.78 g), and control treatment with 46.98 g had the least average daily weight gain among different levels of peppermint. The level of 4.5 g/kg and 6 g/kg of peppermint had the least mortality compared to control treatment during training period ( P < .05). From this experiment, we can conclude that treatment with 4.5 g/kg peppermint powder has better performance and carcass characteristics in broilers.

scholarly journals Assessment of Sarocladium oryzae Growth Inhibition, the Causal Agent of Rice Sheath Rot Disease, Using Methanol Extract of Binahong Leaves

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Endah Yulia ◽  
Silviya Rahma Dhiya Syafira ◽  
Fitri Widiantini ◽  
Wawan Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Botanical Pesticide ◽  
Plant Pest ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Sheath Rot

Sheath rot disease caused by Sarocladium oryzae is an important disease on rice. The pathogen that infects uppermost leaf sheath enclosing to the young panicles can cause yield losses up to 85%. Though the disease is commonly controlled using synthetic fungicides, the use of natural products that safer to the environment have been enormously explored. The research aimed to test growth inhibition of S. oryzae colony using methanol leaf extract of binahong (Anredera cordifolia). The research was carried out from June until December 2017 at the Laboratory of Biotechnology Plant Protection, Department of Plant Pest and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. The method used was Randomized Complete Design consisted of six treatments and four replications. The treatments were five concentrations of binahong leaf extract of 0.125%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2% and one control treatment. The result showed that binahong leaf extract did not inhibit the growth of S. oryzae. The highest inhibition percentage of 4.55% at 0.25% concentration was considered to be a low inhibition category. Although the colony growth of S. oryzae was not significantly inhibited, the extract caused hyphal abnormalities. This actually shows the antifungal potency of the binahong leaf extract that needed further examination with more adequate methods.Keywords : Anredera cordifolia, botanical pesticide, rice sheath rot

scholarly journals The effect of different fungicides and bactericides on rooting of pelargonium cuttings

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Copper Sulfate ◽  
Mother Plant ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Thiophanate Methyl ◽  
Significant Negative Effect ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Control

Geranium (Pelargonium) is one of most widespread and popular flowers in Europe due to their ornamental value. It is mostly propagated by cuttings, but propagation from seeds is also gaining increasing interest. The advantage of cuttings is that one can produce a relatively large numbers of identical plants, relatively quickly. Its disadvantage, however, is that one can very easily transfer diseases from the mother plant. In our experiments, the main purpose was to assess the rooting effect of some bactericides and fungicides used during cuttings. Cuttings exposed to rooting hormone were also treated with five different pesticides: tribasic copper sulfate, kasugamycin, thiophanate-methyl + propamocarb, fluopyram, and cyprodinil + fludioxonil. In parallel, a control treatment was set up, where exclusively rooting hormone was applied (NAA). We tested 40 cuttings in a 10 x 4 repetition in each treatment, which equivalates to an overall number of 280 cuttings. Upon comparing the treated and control geranium cuttings, we did not find any significant negative effect in the rooting process.

scholarly journals Metode Penyimpanan Bakteri Xanthomonas Oryzae pv. oryzae Penyebab Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri Pada Tanaman Padi Menggunakan Glycerol

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Santi Sariasih ◽  
Fitri Widiantini ◽  
Wiwin Widiawati
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glycerol Solution ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
And Control

The existence of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the bacteria which causes Bacterial Leaf Blight of rice, is really necessary for the laboratory to support the research activities of the phytopathology experts. Long-term preservation by using glycerol under -20°C can be conducted to preserve the culture’s availability to stay viable in the laboratory. This research aimed to determine the glycerol concentration that is able to preserve the viability and pathogenicity of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae bacteria after being preserved for 3 and 6 months. This experiments were performed using Completely Randomized Design which comprised of six treatments and four replications, they were: glycerol 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, 10%, and control (without glycerol). The results of this study showed that viability of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae that was preserved within 20% glycerol solution for 6 months was different compared to control group. The number of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae bacteria on 20% glycerol was 4,49 x 109 CFU/ml, while on control group was 1,76 x 109 CFU/ml. 20% glycerol concentration had significant effect on the Bacterial Leaf Blight symptoms’ length after 6-months preservation that observed on the 7th day after incubation. The Bacterial Leaf Blight symptoms’ length on 20% glycerol treatment group was 46,2 mm and 22,7 mm on control group. Meanwhile for the 3 months preservation, the administration of glycerol did not show any significant effect on the Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae’s viability and the Bacterial Leaf Blight symptoms’ length.   

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Daun Beluntas (Pluchea indica L) terhadap Total Kolesterol Darah Broiler

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yana Sukaryana ◽  
Y. Priabudiman
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Repeat Unit ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Cholesterol Level ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Brachial Vein ◽  
Range Test ◽  
Time Of Administration

The purpose of study was to determine the potential leaf extract Pluchea indica L at broiler in lowering cholesterol, as well as the exact time of administration so that the plant can be used as an alternative to veterinary medicinal plants without any negative effect on productivity. The experimental design used was a complete randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments with 6 replicates, each occupied by 4 broilers. P1 treatment was leaf extract Pluchea indica L for 3 weeks starting at the age of 1 week, P2 treatment was leaf extract Pluchea indica L for 2 weeks starting at the age of 2 week, P3 treatment was leaf extract Pluchea indica L for 1 weeks starting at the age of 3 week, and P4 treatment without leaf extract Pluchea indica L for maintenance. Examination of the blood cholesterol level was done through a blood sample from the brachial vein any chickens taken at random to represent each repeat unit during 35 day old chicks. Experimental data processed by analysis of variance and if there is a treatment effect followed by Duncan's multiple range test. The results showed that there are significant leaf extract Pluchea indica L to total cholesterol, HDL, and LDL blood broiler. P1 treatment is beluntas leaf extract for 3 weeks starting at the age of 1 week produced a total content of cholesterol (156 mg / dl), HDL (44 mg / dl), and LDL (144 mg / dl) of blood lowest broiler. Keywords : Pluchea indica L, blood cholesterol, broiler.

scholarly journals Pemberian Ekstrak Daun Kiara Payung (Filicium decipiens (Wight dan Arn.) Thwaites) sebagai Bioherbisida terhadap Pertumbuhan Gulma Babadotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Dona Cindy Elfira Rana ◽  
Sendy Rondonuwu ◽  
Roni Koneri
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Wet Weight

Gulma babadotan merupakan masalah serius dalam bidang pertanian karena dapat menurunkan nilai kualitas maupun kuantitas dari tanaman budidaya. Kehadiran gulma dapat diatasi menggunakan senyawa alelokimia dari kiara payung (Filicium decipiens). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pemberian ekstrak daun kiara payung terhadap pertumbuhan tinggi, panjang akar, berat basah dan berat kering dari gulma babadotan (Ageratum conyzoides). Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode rancangan acak lengkap dengan lima perlakuan yaitu kontrol, ekstrak 1%, ekstrak 3%, ekstrak 5% dan herbisida sintetik 2%. Uji lanjut BNT taraf 95% menunjukkan bahwa setelah lima minggu perlakuan terdapat perbedaan yang nyata pada parameter tinggi tanaman antara perlakuan kontrol (33,4 cm), ekstrak 3% (27,6 cm), ekstrak 5% (21,4 cm) dan herbisida sintetik 2% (14,1 cm). Hasil uji lanjut Games-Howell taraf 95% menunjukkan bahwa panjang akar perlakuan kontrol (32,0 cm) tidak berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan ekstrak, tetapi berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan herbisida sintetik 2% (3,7 cm). Pada parameter berat basah perlakuan kontrol (33,81 g) tidak berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan ekstrak tetapi berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan herbisida sintetik 2% (0,12 g) dan pada parameter berat kering babadotan tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata antara perlakuan kontrol (6,86 g) dengan perlakuan ekstrak, tetapi berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan herbisida sintetik 2% (0,04 g). Kata kunci: Kiara payung; bioherbisida; gulma babadotan;ekstrak ABSTRACTBabadotan weed is a serious problem for agriculture field because this weed can reduce the quality and quantity value from the cultivated plants. Existence of this weed can control with allelochemical compound from kiara payung (Filicium decipiens). This study aims to examine the effect of giving kiara payung leaf extract for growth, root length, wet and dry weight of babadotan (Ageratum conyzoides) weed. The method use is complete random design method with five treatments that is control, 1% extract, 3% extract, 5% exract and 2% synthetic herbicide. Further test BNT 95% show after five weeks treatment there were significant differences in plant height parameter between control (33.4 cm), 3% extract (27.6 cm), 5% extract (21.4 cm) and 2% synthetic herbicide (3.7 cm). Further test of Games-Howell 95% in root length show no significant between control (32.0 cm) and extract treatment, but significant in 2% synthetic herbicide (3.7 cm). In wet weight, control treatment (33.81 g) no significant with extract but significant in 2% synthetic herbicide (0.12 g), and in dry weight parameter no significant between control (6.86 g) and extract, but significant in 2% synthetic herbicide (0.04 g).Keywords: Kiara payung; bioherbicide; babadotan weed; extract

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