scholarly journals Whole Language Approach Implementation as a Child Language Learning Model Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 161-172
Author(s):  
Nanda Saputra ◽  
Wiputra Cendana ◽  
Irnie Victorynie ◽  
Khaidir
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Student Development ◽  
Reading Ability ◽  
Whole Language ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Document Review

This research was conducted to implement a holistic language approach (whole language approach) as a development model for students' language learning at SDN (Public School) 2 Sigli. This study uses a classroom action research method by providing action in each cycle starting from planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. This research was conducted at the Sigli 2 Public Elementary School. The subjects of this study consisted of 10 students consisting of 6 boys and 4 girls. The results of observations were processed through data analysis techniques with descriptive statistics, namely finding the percentage and average value of the improvement in Indonesian language skills obtained through observation, interviews and discussions, and document review. The results showed that the implementation of the whole language approach which includes immertion, demonstration, expectation, responsibility, employment, approximation, and feedback can improve students' reading ability. Based on the results of observations in the pre-cycle, the percentage of pre-cycle reading ability was still 30.25%. In the first cycle, after the action was carried out for 7 meetings, the percentage increased to 85.50%. Based on these data shows an increase in the percentage of reading ability from the results of pre-cycle observations by 55.25%. The implication of this research is that the whole language approach is expected to be used as the development of a language learning model at SDN 2 Sigli, because it is natural and fun and is the same age as the stages of student development.

scholarly journals PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR BAHASA INDONESIA PADA ASPEK KETERAMPILAN BERBAHASA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KREATIF PRODUKTIF DI SMK ISLAM PB. SOEDIRMAN 1

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-372
Author(s):  
Syamzah Ayuningrum
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Action Research Approach ◽  
Creative Learning ◽  
Improving Student Learning ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

This study aims to determine the improvement of learning outcomes of Indonesian language on aspects of language skills by using productive creative learning model. This research type includes description research with Classroom Action Research approach. The subjects of this study were students of Class XI MMA SMK Islam PB. Soedirman 1, Cijantung village, Pasar Rebo district, East Jakarta. The results showed that the use of productive creative learning model can improve the learning outcomes of Indonesian language on aspects of language skills. This is indicated by an increase in the number of students who reach the Minimum Exhaustiveness Criteria (KKM) and increase the average value of the test. The number of students who reached KKM in cycle 1 of 28 students or 90.32% has met the KKM and 3 students or 9.68% have not fulfilled the KKM. After improving student learning outcomes in cycle 2, the number of students who meet the KKM is 31 students or 100%. The improvement of Indonesian language learning outcomes in the language skills aspect can be seen from the students' activity during the learning process, they are enthusiastic when communicating the answers they find to other group's friends as well as responding to the answers presented by other groups.   Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan meningkatan hasil belajar bahasa Indonesia pada aspek keterampilan bahasa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kreatif produktif. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI MMA SMK Islam PB. Soedirman 1, desa Cijantung, Kecamatan Pasar Rebo, Jakarta Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran produktif kreatif dapat meningkatkan hasil pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia pada aspek keterampilan bahasa. Ini ditunjukkan oleh peningkatan jumlah siswa yang mencapai Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) dan meningkatkan nilai rata-rata tes. Jumlah siswa yang mencapai KKM dalam siklus 1 dari 28 siswa atau 90.32% telah mencapai KKM dan 3 siswa atau 9,68% belum memenuhi KKM. Setelah meningkatkan hasil belajar dalam siklus 2 siswa, jumlah siswa yang memenuhi KKM adalah 31 siswa atau 100%. Peningkatan pembelajaran hasil dalam aspek keterampilan bahasa bahasa Indonesia dapat dilihat dari kegiatan mahasiswa selama proses pembelajaran, mereka sangat antusias ketika berkomunikasi jawaban mereka menemukan kelompok lain teman serta menanggapi dengan jawaban yang disajikan oleh kelompok lain. Kata kunci: Model Pembelajaran Kreatif Produktif, Hasil Belajar Pada Aspek Keterampilan Berbahasa

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI WHOLE LANGUAGE APPROACH SEBAGAI PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBAHASA AWAL ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN DI PAUD NON FORMAL

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-82
Author(s):  
Nehru Meha ◽  
Adiyati Fathu Roshonah
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Whole Language ◽  
Action Observation ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Early Language ◽  
Average Value

This study was conducted to implementa holistic approach to language (whole language approach) as the development of early language learning model of children aged 5-6 years in Non-Formal early childhood. As commonly known, ordinary people generally narrows aspects of language learning on only one small part of language development include reading and writing. On the other hand, the whole language approach has not been widely known specially applied nearly language learning in early childhood Non-Formal, but if implemented correctly and consistently, this approach is able to foster interest in literacy children naturally and fun. Whole language has been implemented nearly childhood language learning in developed countries that have a high interest in literacy. This study used action research methods by giving the action in each cycle from planning, action, observation, and reflection. This research was carried out in Non-Formal Childhood Education Mawar in South Tangerang January to July 2014. The subjects of this study consisted of 10 children aged 5-6 years were selected based on the observation of pre-cycle. The results of observations processed through data analysis techniques with descriptive statistics, namely to find the percentage and the average value of the initial improvements in language skills acquired through observation, interviews and discussions, as well as document review. The results showed that the implementation of the whole language approach that include simmertion, demonstration, expectation, responsibility, employment, approximation, feedback can improve early reading skills of young children. Based on pre-cycle observations initially beginning literacy percentage of 30.25% is still a child. In the first cycle after the action as much as7 times the meeting obtained by an increase in the percentage amounted to 85.50%. Based on these data showed an increase in the percentage of literacy of the observation of pre-cycle by 55.25%.The implications of this study are expected to approach whole language can be used as the development of early language learning model early childhood 5-6 years in Non-Formal early childhood, because it is natural and fun and developmentally age children. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengimplementasikan pendekatan bahasa holistik (whole language approach) sebagai pengembangan model pembelajaran berbahasa awal anak usia 5-6 tahun di PAUD Non Formal. Sebagaimana lazim diketahui, masyarakat awam umumnya menyempitkan aspek pembelajaran berbahasa hanya pada salah satu bagian kecil perkembangan bahasa meliputi membaca dan menulis. Di sisi lain, pendekatan whole language belum banyak diketahui apalagi diterapkan di dalam pembelajaran berbahasa awal anak usia dini di PAUD Non Formal, padahal apabila diimplementasikan secara benar dan konsisten pendekatan ini mampu menumbuhkan minat literasi (keaksaraan) anak secara alamiah dan menyenangkan. Whole language telah diterapkan dalam pembelajaran berbahasa anak usia dini di negara-negara maju yang memiliki minat literasi tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan (action research) dengan memberikan tindakan pada setiap siklus mulai dari perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di PAUD Non Formal Mawar Tangerang Selatan pada bulan Januari sampai Juli 2014. Subyek penelitian ini terdiri dari 10 orang anak usia 5-6 tahun yang dipilih berdasar hasil observasi pra siklus. Hasil observasi diolah melalui tekhnik analisis data dengan statistik deskriptif, yaitu mencari persentase dan nilai rata-rata peningkatan kemampuan berbahasa awal yang diperoleh melalui observasi, interview dan diskusi, serta kajian dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi pendekatan whole language yang meliputi immertion, demonstration, expectation, responsibility, employment, approximation, and feedbackdapat meningkatkan kemampuan membaca awal anak usia dini. Berdasarkan observasi pada pra siklus pada awalnya persentase kemampuan membaca permulaan anak masih sebesar 30,25%. Pada siklus I setelah dilakukan tindakan sebanyak 7 kali pertemuan diperoleh peningkatan persentase menjadi sebesar 85,50%. Berdasarkan data tersebut menunjukkan peningkatan persentase kemampuan membaca dari hasil observasi pra siklus sebesar 55,25%. Implikasi dari penelitian ini diharapkan pendekatan whole language dapat dijadikan sebagai pengembangan model pembelajaran berbahasa awal anak usia dini 5-6 tahun di PAUD Non Formal, karena sifatnya yang alamiah dan menyenangkan serta seusia dengan tahapan perkembangan anak.

scholarly journals DIRECTED�PROJECT BASED LEARNING AS LANGUAGE LEARNING MODEL: DESIGNING, DEVELOPING AND FIELD TESTING

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Tri Pratiwi ◽  
Sufyarma Marsidin ◽  
Hermawati Syarif ◽  
Yahya Yahya
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
English Learning ◽  
Addie Model ◽  
English Subject

The aim of the present study is developing English learning model to increase students� language skills in English subject for VIII graders of SMP N 1 Uram Jaya through Directed-Project Based Learning (DPjBL) implementation. This study is designed in Research and Development (R & D) using ADDIE model development. The researcher collected the data through the test, questionnaire, observation, and interview which were then analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The study revealed that Directed-Project Based Learning (DPjBL) implementation is significantly able to be one learning model allowing to increase student�s language skills.

scholarly journals Pengembangan model pembelajaran penguatan vocational life skills mahasiswa berwawasan kewirausahaan di bidang teknik mesin

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
R. Mursid
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Life Skills ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Life Skill ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Value Of Learning ◽  
Reinforcement Learning Model

Penelitian dan pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengembangkan model pembelajaran penguatan vocational life skills mahasiswa berwawasan kewirausahaan; dan (2) mengimplementasikan model pembelajaran penguatan vocational life skills mahasiswa  berwawasan kewirausahaan. (3) mengetahui efektivitas dan keunggulan model; dan (4) mengimplentasikan model. Metode penelitian dan pengembangan dengan Borg & Gall dan perencanaan strategi pembelajaran dalam pengembangan model dengan menggunakan rancangan Dick & Carey. Berdasarkan hasil dari validasi ahli pada: ahli bidang studi, ahli desain pembelajaran, ahli desain grafis semuanya menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran penguatan vocational life skill layak digunakan dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran pada mahasiswa jurusan teknik mesin. Juga pada uji coba perorangan, uji coba kelompok kecil dan uji coba lapangan menunjukan kelayakan model yang dikembangkan dan dalam kategori baik. Uji efektivitas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai rata-rata hasil belajar yang diajar dengan menggunakan modul vocational life skills berwawasan kewirausahaan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan nilai rata-rata hasil belajar yang diajar dengan menggunakan buku teks.Kata kunci: model pembelajaran penguatan vocational life skills, kewirausahaan, teknik mesin LEARNING MODEL DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS LIFE SKILLS VOCATIONAL STRENGTHENING INSIGHTFUL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERINGAbstractResearch and development is aimed at: (1) develop learning models strengthening vocational life skills, entrepreneurial-minded students; and (2) implement a reinforcement learning model vocational life skills, entrepreneurial-minded students. (3) evaluate the efficacy and advantages of the model; and (4) implementing the models. Methods of research and development with Borg & Gall and planning learning strategies in model development by using design Dick & Carey. Based on the results of the validation experts at: expert studies, expert instructional design, graphic design expert everything suggests that the reinforcement learning model vocational decent life skill used in the implementation of learning in students majoring in mechanical engineering. Also on individual testing, small group trial and field trials showed the feasibility of the model developed and in both categories. Effectiveness test, it can be concluded that the average value of learning outcomes are taught using modules vocational life skills, entrepreneurial-minded higher than the average value of learning outcomes are taught using textbooks.Keywords: reinforcement learning model vocational life skills, entrepreneurship, engineering

scholarly journals Meningkatkan Keaktifan dan Hasil Belajar Melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Wide Game pada Peserta Didik Kelas VIID SMP Negeri 13 Tegal

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Suharni Suharni
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Research Instrument ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Descriptive Method

The purpose of this study is to increase the activeness and learning outcomes of students through the Wide Game learning model in economic activity material. This research method using descriptive method. The subjects in this study were 31 students of class VIID SMP Negeri 13 Tegal. The research instrument used a questionnaire and data analysis techniques using descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that there is an increase in the activeness and learning outcomes of students through the Wide Game learning model in economic activity material. This is evidenced by the data in the first cycle with an average value of 70.97 and those who completed 58.04% increased the average value of 81.23 and those who completed were 87.10% in the second cycle. This increase is also accompanied by changes in behavior, students are more active, and respect others in doing tasks.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA BERBASIS PROYEK DI ERA REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-185
Author(s):  
Yenni Fitria ◽  
Imma Rachayu
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Computer Engineering ◽  
Student Responses ◽  
Student Activities ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Language Courses ◽  
Independent Thinking

The Industrial Revolution Era 4.0 requires students to think creatively and critically in order to practice independent thinking. These requirements are contrary to Indonesian language learning for students of Informatics and Computer Engineering FKIP Dehasen University Bengkulu. This development research aims to develop an effective project-based Indonesian learning model so that learning is more meaningful. Development with three steps of work and data collection by observation, interview and questionnaire. Data analysis techniques are qualitative and quantitative. The results showed that 1) the implementation of the learning model "in accordance" aspects of learning with the category of "good", the average result of the 96% observation count. 2) Student activities in "active" learning with observational results of 90%. 3) Student responses are positive or "agree" about the practicality of the project learning model with the results of the questionnaire count 83%. The project-based Indonesian learning model is effectively used for Indonesian language courses at FKIP Dehasen University Bengkulu through limited trials with an effectiveness calculation result of 93%.

scholarly journals Epistemology of Arabic Language Learning Technology Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-89
Author(s):  
Ahmad Nurcholis ◽  
Nuryani Nuryani ◽  
Heri Efendi ◽  
Syaikhu Ihsan Hidayatullah
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Learning Technology ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Digital Era

Students' lack of Arabic language skills might be caused by some factors, such as the models and strategies used by teachers, the students’ excitement in learning and their character. This study aimed to research on the epistemology of Arabic learning based on ICT. It was designed to find the Arabic learning model based on ICT. It assumed that integrating various fields of study with ICT, including Arabic language learning, is essential to be developed in this digital era. However, there are obstacles experienced by several schools, especially the teachers, they do not have a specific format for using ICT to integrate both scientific subjects. Descriptive qualitative research was used in this research. The data collection was done through observation, interviewing the teachers and one hundred X grade students, and documentation. The data were analyzed by using the Miles and Huberman technique. The results showed that the design of the ICT-based in Arabic learning model development is “al-hasub al-ittishalî”, this is an innovative Arabic learning model based on ICT. In this model, the materials and other learning tools are designed in a computer program. As stated by E. L. Criswell, computers provide opportunities for students to participate and respond to the student’s activities actively. This model contributes in making the teaching and learning process more effective. With this model, the teacher is expectedly able to become a learning motivator and a mediator to explain some materials to the students. Besides, the use of ICT is a must considering the digital era.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN HASIL BELAJAR DISCOVERY LEARNING BERBASIS PROBLEM SOLVING DAN GROUP INVESTIGATION BERBASIS PROBLEM SOLVING PADA PEMBELAJARAN METODE NUMERIK

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira Vahlia ◽  
Rina Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Discovery Learning ◽  
Learning Problem ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Learning Group ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Value Of Learning

Discovery learning is a learning that involves students in the process of mental activity through a brainstorm, to discuss, and try it yourself, so that children can learn to be independent. Resulting in the discovery-based learning problem solving is to let children discover things on their own and group investigation that emphasizes problem solving based on a debriefing activities and student participation. The classes drawn into the sample, the class as a class given control based discovery learning and problem solving one class another group investigation given learning-based problem solving. Data analysis techniques in this study using Ttes. From the results of this study concluded that: (a) In the first experiment class that implements learning model-based problem solving group investigation obtained average value of learning outcomes at 73.10 while the experimental class II implementing discovery-based learning problem solving obtained average value postest average of 66.55. (b) There are significant differences between the results of student learning in the class that implements the discovery-based learning and problem solving class that implements the learning model based problem solving group investigation. Student results in learning problem solving based group investigation better on the class that implements the model-based discovery learning problem solving. Keywords: discovery learning, group investigation, learning numerical methods,  problem solving

scholarly journals Peningkatan Aktivitas Belajar Dan Kemampuan Membaca Teks Eksplanasi Melalui Model Inside Outside Circle Siswa Kelas VIII-F SMP Negeri 1 Mojoanyar

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
Inawati
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Reading Ability ◽  
Reading Skills ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Eighth Grade Students ◽  
Good Reading ◽  
Class Average

Abstract: Reading ability of explanation text of grade VIII SMP students did not fulfill the MMC. The students were less enthusiastic in reading comprehension. Moreover, the learning method was still fetched up all standing  in lecturing method. The students were passive, they just listened to what the teacher delivered. This fact encouraged teachers to develop the learning methods which stimulated students’ interest in reading explanation text. The researcher made serious  effort to apply the Inside Outside Circle learning model. The aim was to improve learning activities and reading ability of explanation text. The object of this research was the eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Mojoanyar Mojokerto. The method in this study used two cycles, each cycle consisting of four stages, namely planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The research instrument used tests and non-tests. The results of the study in the Inside Outside Cicle model were: (1) the average level of learning activity was 60.00% (quite active category), to 86.88% (active category), an increase of 26.88%, (2) the average value -The class average of 72.53 becomes 77.69, an increase of 7.57%, (3) students whose grades are low, there is an increase in the value of 30.43%, (4) the number of students who achieve very good reading skills increases by 3.13%, ( 5) completeness of student learning increased  21.88%. From this, it can be seen that there is an increase in student learning activities from being less active in reading to being more active. Meanwhile, the increase in reading skills can be seen from the increase of test scores. Thus the application of the Inside Outside Circle learning model can improve learning activities and reading ability of Explanation text. Keywords : Learning activities,Reading ability of Explanation Text, Inside Outside Circle Learning Model   Abstrak: Kemampuan membaca  teks Eksplanasi siswa  SMP kelas VIII  belum memenuhi KKM. Siswa kurang bergairah dalam membaca   pemahaman . Apalagi metode pembelajaran   masih terpaku metode ceramah. Siswa bersikap pasif , hanya mendengarkan  yang disampaikan guru. Kenyataan ini mendorong guru mengembangkan metode  pembelajaran   yang dapat  merangsang siswa tertarik membaca Teks Eksplanasi. Penulis berupaya menerapkan model pembelajaran Inside Outside Circle. Tujuannya adalah untuk meningkatkan aktivitas belajar dan kemampuan membaca teks Eksplanasi. Objek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Mojoanyar Mojokerto. Metode dalam penelitian ini  menggunakan dua siklus, masing-masing siklus  terdiri empat tahap yaitu  perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan tes dan nontes. Hasil penelitian pembelajaran  model Inside Outside Cicle  :  (1) rata-rata tingkat aktivitas belajar  sebesar 60,00% (kategori cukup aktif),  menjadi 86,88% (kategori aktif),  terjadi kenaikan 26,88%, (2) nilai rata-rata kelas  72,53 menjadi 77,69 naik 7,57% ,(3) siswa yang nilainya rendah , ada peningkatan nilai 30,43%,(4) jumlah siswa yang meraih kemampuan membaca amat baik  meningkat 3,13%  ,(5) ketuntasan belajar siswa meningkat  sebesar 21,88%. Dari sini terlihat  adanya peningkatan aktivitas belajar siswa dari yang kurang aktif  membaca menjadi lebih aktif. Sedangkan dalam peningkatan kemampuan membaca terlihat dari meningkatnya nilai ulangan. Dengan demikian  penerapan model pembelajaran Inside Outside Circle dapat meningkatkan aktivitas belajar dan kemampuan membaca teks Eksplanasi. Kata kunci : Aktivitas belajar, Kemampuan Membaca Teks Eksplanasi,  Model Pembelajaran Inside Outside Circle.  

scholarly journals Problem Based Learning (PBL) Learning Model Of Indonesian Learning Outcomes For Class II SD Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 562
Author(s):  
Nurul Istiqomah
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Average Score ◽  
School Students ◽  
Average Value

<p><em>The aim is to improve learning outcomes of Indonesian language material listening to conversational texts related to culture, sorry. Problem based learning model for second grade elementary school students. This type of research is a class research group, the research subject of teachers and students. Sources of data used are: students, teachers, principals, notes/documents of observations, learning outcomes tests. Data collection techniques with observation (observation), documentation, and tests. The results of this study indicate an increase in Indonesian language learning outcomes. This can be seen from the average value of 76.9 in the first cycle, with a learning completeness percentage of 70% 16 students who completed their studies. Then there was an increase in the class average score of 82.2 in the second cycle, with a percentage of learning completeness 87%, students who finished learning asthma as many as 20 students. The conclusion is that the problem based learning model can improve learning outcomes of Indonesian language material. Listening to text conversations related to culture, apologize to second grade elementary school students.</em></p>

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