scholarly journals Justification of the layout of the working bodies of tillage implements according to the criteria of metal consumption and traction resistance

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
A.I. Derepaskin ◽  
◽  
A.P. Komarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Field Studies ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Metal Consumption ◽  
Process Flow ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Cutting Modes

The results of laboratory and field studies to determine the quantitative characteristics of the change in the traction resistance of the working bodies depending on their operation conditions in the soil environment are provided. The values of the traction resistance of the working bodies operating in different cutting modes have been determined. A method is proposed for a comparative assessment of various process flow sheets of tools according to the criteria of metal consumption and traction resistance.

The rationale for the layout of working bodies of the wide-reach flat cutter for the tractor of traction class 8 by the criteria of material consumption and rolling resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Alexei I. Derepaskin ◽  
Yuri V. Polishchuk ◽  
Alexander F. Dyadyuchenko
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Material Consumption ◽  
Metal Consumption ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Reasonable Approach ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Development State

The article describes the current development state of equipment and mechanical tillage technology. It is revealed that creation of tillage tool drags for the modern tractors of high traction class, is associated with certain difficulties caused by the fact that they must be wide, hinged or trailed and they must match the requirements of regulatory documentation, as well as fully ensure the implementation of agrotechnical requirements for technological processes. We conducted laboratory and field studies in order to obtain quantitative characteristics of changes in the rolling resistance of tractors from their working conditions in the soil environment. It is established that a working body operating in the free cutting mode has the minimum rolling resistance, and the maximum rolling resistance is obtained in the mode of blocked cutting at equal speeds. The technique proposed in the article allows a reasonable approach to the choice of the scheme of a wide-reach flat cutter for the tractor of traction class 8 according to the criteria of metal consumption and rolling resistance.

scholarly journals MODELING THE WORK FLOW OF CUT-OUT SPHERICAL DISKS WITH HYDRAULIC DRIVE FOR FIRE-FIGHTING SOIL-THROWER

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-192
Author(s):  
Maksim Gnusov ◽  
Mikhail Drapalyuk ◽  
P. Popikov ◽  
N. Sherstyukov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Fire Fighting ◽  
Dynamic State ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Spherical Elements ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
The Relationship

In this article, considerable attention is paid to the method of mathematical creation of a structurally complex soil environment with vegetation. Structural and technological parameters of the interaction of the working bodies of the fire-fighting soil thrower with soil have been determined using a simulation-physical-mathematical model of the spherical disk relationship with the soil environment. The disk is equipped with a cutting edge with semicircular cuts. The mathematical model presents complex geometry of all forms of active work planes, as well as the relationship of the working bodies with soil elements. Surfaces of complex construction in the process of applying the finite element method have been transformed into a large number of simplified planar figures. The soil in the simulation physical-mathematical model is described as a complex system of a large number of spherical elements, determinately connecting with each other, as well as with the working planes of the machine. It has been determined that the relationship between the soil particles during deformation is viscoelastic in its nature. The calculation of forces is presented in the form of an algorithm for the interaction of elements on each other in relation to the distance of their location. The equations of motion are used that describe the change in the dynamic state of the soil over time. The movement of the working bodies of the unit, including spherical disk working bodies with cutouts in the framework of the mathematical model, has been considered in the simulated space, described as a parallelepiped. The ability to simulate the interaction of the working bodies of a forest fire soil-throwing machine with a working medium, including plant roots, which are located next to each other in the form of spherical elements in the geometric region. The task of increasing the efficiency of the forest fire-fighting soil-throwing machine when laying fire strips has been solved by improving the quality of preparing the soil shaft with spherical hydraulic disks equipped with a cutting edge with semicircular cuts, which are subsequently taken by thrower-cutters and feed the soil flow in a given direction

Comparative study of the force action of harvester work tools on potato tubers

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
Alexei Sibirev ◽  
Alexandr Aksenov ◽  
Alexei Dorokhov ◽  
Andrei Ponomarev
Keyword(s):  
Field Studies ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Separation Devices ◽  
The Impact

The quality of the separation of root crops, onions and potatoes is known to primarily depend on the cultivation conditions. As a rule, these cultures are cultivated in mechanically light soils in order to improve the quality of separation, as well as to reduce the traction resistance of the harvester when extracting the root crops from the soil. When harvesting the root crops, it is very important to maintain the soil in a loose (light) state to improve the quality of the separation. Due to the fact that in digging up the root crops, there is a joint flow of strong soil lumps to the separating working bodies, which are difficult to separate on the slit working bodies of the harvester, which increases damage to the root crops when interacting with the soil lumps, the commercial quality of the products is subsequently deteriorated. The existing potato harvesters damage the commercial products as a result of the interaction of the potato tubers with each other, with the working bodies and with the soil lumps. However, the greatest percentage of damage to potato tubers occurs as a result of their interaction with the working bodies of the harvester. Field studies were conducted to determine the places of the greatest impact of the individual working bodies of the potato harvesters and to carry out subsequent actions for the elimination of these negative impacts in the design of the harvesters. This article presents a methodology for conducting field studies on the assessment of the impact of the working bodies on the scale of damage to potato tubers when harvesting. The results of the comparative studies of the impact of the working bodies of modern potato harvesters, which damage the potato tubers as a result of the interaction with them are presented. We have determined that the greatest scale of impact on the potato tubers during the mechanised harvesting is observed as the transition from the main elevator to the secondary separation devices takes place, irrespective of the design and technological scheme of the harvester, and reaches its minimum value from 6.5 N for the Bolko harvester to 21 N for the AVR-Spirit-6200 harvester.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Biological Products and Micronutrient Fertilizers use in Row Crops Cultivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Maria Belik ◽  
Svetlana Sviridova ◽  
Tatyana Yurina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
Production Conditions

The results of field studies of the use of biological products and microfertilizers in the cultivation of corn for grain and sunflower in the production conditions of the Krasnodar Region are presented. Indicators of a comparative assessment of economic and new schemes for the application of fertilizers and plant protection products from the point of view of agrotechnical and economic efficiency are given.

scholarly journals Machines for intra-soil application of liquid organic fertiliz-ers

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
N.V. Aldoshin ◽  
◽  
A.A. Manokhin ◽  
V.V. Semin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Working Bodies

The article presents an analysis of tools for subsoil application of liquid or-ganic fertilizers using a hose system and a comparative assessment of technical means. Various types of working bodies for applying fertilizers deep into the soil layer are shown. Options of different depths of fertilization are described. Recommendations on the placement of the tie-down unit on the tool for attaching the towed hose are given.

scholarly journals Artificial Soil Environment Justification for Laboratory Studies of Wear and Traction Characteristics of Soil-Cutting Working Bodies

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
I. V. Liskin ◽  
A. V. Mironova
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residues ◽  
Artificial Soil ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Fallow Lands ◽  
Soil Cutting ◽  
Working Bodies

The authors presented the results of laboratory studies of artificial soil based on sand-paraffin mixtures, reflecting the physical and mechanical soil properties with the presence of plant residues. They conducted tests to determine the soil-cutting working bodies’ traction resistance during tillage with the presence of root and crop residues.(Research purpose) To substantiate the parameters of an artificial soil environment containing models of root and crop residues for laboratory studies of the wear and traction characteristics of soil-cutting working bodies operated on post-harvest, virgin and fallow farmland.(Materials and methods) An artificial soil environment was developed by introducing filamentous components 5-25 millimeters long into its composition.(Results and discussion) The authors determined the criteria of geometric similarity “model – nature” for the soil conditions of the Non-Black Earth Zone of Russia. It was found that the equality of the criteria “model – nature” for laboratory research of fallow lands occurred when the length of the  filamentous components was from 20 mm and the concentration was from 20 segments per unit cross-sectional area when passing 0.1 meter in artificial soil. It was revealed that for modeling old arable lands, the length of the filamentous components should exceed 5 millimeters, the concentration should be from 10 segments per 0.1 meter of the length of passage in artificial soil. The authors conducted field tests of arable units on fallow and old arable lands.(Conclusions) The authors found out that the equality of the geometric criteria for the similarity of the artificial soil environment and real soil conditions allowed laboratory studies of the wear and traction characteristics of the tillage working bodies’ blades. It was determined that more than 30 percent of energy costs were accounted for by breaking the root system of the vegetation cover on virgin and fallow lands.

scholarly journals Comparative assessment and scientific support of seed breeding of the new variety Evgeniya of sudangrass

2021 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 01057
Author(s):  
Elena Vertikova ◽  
Vladimir Pylnev
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
High Quality ◽  
New Variety ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
High Yields

The article characterizes the advantages of sudangrass, presents its comparative assessment, and gives recommendations for the cultivation of a new variety Evgeniya for seeds. Implementation of the program for the development of forage production in Russia and other countries implies not only the creation of new varieties but also the promotion of their introduction. This study aims to test the new variety Evgeniya of sudangrass and refine the cultivation techniques for obtaining high-quality seeds in the Volga region. For a period of 2 years, we studied the new promising variety, new lines that were obtained during interspecific, intraspecific, and intervarietal crossings carried out in different years, and new varieties of sudangrass recommended for cultivation in the region. The Yubileinaya 20 and Zonalskaya 6 varieties of sudangrass were used as standards. Field studies were carried out in 2017-2019. It was found that the new variety Evgeniya was characterized by high values of economically valuable traits. The variety had several biometric and biological features, such as thin stems and high yields, so we studied the influence of sowing methods and seeding rates not only on yield but on seed quality. To obtain the maximum yield of high-quality seeds, Evgeniya sudangrass must be sown with a seeding rate of 0.6-0.7 mln. viable seeds per hectare and row spacing of 30 cm.

scholarly journals Justification of the rotary working bodies of the cultivator for processing between the rows of plantations of lavender oilseed on the basis of agricultural biomechanics

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (4) ◽  
pp. 042020
Author(s):  
L F Babitsky ◽  
I V Sobolevsky ◽  
I I Kalafatov
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Rhinoceros Beetle ◽  
Number Of Teeth ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
New Type ◽  
Working Bodies

Abstract The article presents the methods and results of modeling in agricultural biomechanics, which made it possible to substantiate models of cultivator working bodies adapted to the soil environment based on rotary discs with teeth. The biological prototype of this design is the burrowing limb of a rhinoceros beetle. It is proposed to solve the problems of improving the shape of rotary discs with teeth on the basis of the use of a mechanical-bionic approach, which allows to analytically describe the dependencies for determining the minimum number of steps of cutting notches between the teeth and the number of teeth on the disc, as well as the rational value of their length. The use of a new type of working bodies - a toothed flat disc, designed in a bionic manner, will increase the efficiency of weed control during inter-row tillage, and also reduce traction resistance.

scholarly journals Substantiation of the arrangement and parameters of the loosening compacting discs of tillage rollers with a bionic approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 04028
Author(s):  
L F Babitsky ◽  
I V Sobolevsky ◽  
Y N Ismailov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Agricultural Mechanics ◽  
Working Surface ◽  
Working Bodies

The article presents the methods and results of bionic modeling in agricultural mechanics, which made it possible to substantiate the arrangement and parameters of the working bodies of the loosening compacting discs of tillage rollers adapted to the soil environment using the regularities of the arrangement of thorns on wide rings of the tail in the biological prototype of the girdle tail (Cordylidae). Based on the principle of multi-contact action of the teeth and toothed plates of the roller discs on the soil layer, the coefficient of the arrangement of the discs on the roller is equal to 0.22 ... 0.24, as well as the number of toothed plates and teeth on the working surface of the loosening compacting disc of the roller, which is in the range of 6 ... 12, which is consistent with the arrangement of spines along the circumference of the wide rings on the tail of the girdle. The results of experimental studies, confirming the decrease in the traction resistance of the proposed working bodies of the loosening compacting discs of tillage rollers for surface tillage are presented.

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