scholarly journals Evaluation of Antifungal, Hemolytic and Cytotoxic Potential of Ethyl Acetate Extract of a New Marine Streptomyces sp. AIAH-10

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Md Anwarul Haque ◽  
Ashish Kumar Sarker ◽  
Md Ajijur Rahman ◽  
Md Aktar Uzzaman Chouduri ◽  
Md Anwar Ul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Streptomyces Sp

To face newly generated diseases, search for new, safe and effective bioactive molecules is highly warranted. The marine microbial flora may be a potential source of such molecules. The present study was designed to isolate marine microorganisms (AIAH-1 to AIAH-29) from the soil of mangrove forest Sundarbans, Bangladesh by serial dilution method using isolation media. Among them, AIAH-10 was selected for further study due to its promising antibacterial activity (done by streak plate and plug technique method) against a series of pathogenic bacteria. On the basis of morphological, cultural and biochemical analysis, the strain AIAH-10 belongs to Streptomyces sp. Secondary metabolites of the strain was obtained by small scale fermentation process. Antifungal activity of the extracts was performed by disc diffusion method. The crude ethyl acetate extract (50µg/disc) showed significant antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans and Saccharromyces cerevaceae (14, 12 and 10 mm zone of inhibition respectively). No hemolytic activity was found of the extracts towards the human erythrocytes. During cytotoxic study against brine shrimp nauplii (Artemia salina), a dose dependent mortality rate was observed. A 100% larva mortality rate was recorded in 40µg/ml and more where as LC50 was found to be 6.61µg/ml.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 19(1): 37-43, 2016

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Liverworts of Dumortiera hirsute (Sw.) Nees Ethyl Acetate Extract Against Pathogenic Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Luthfiah Luthfiah ◽  
Dwi Setyati ◽  
Sattya Arimurti
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

Dumortiera hirsuta is one of the liverworts that can be used as a medicinal to prevent infection by pathogenic bacteria. The content of secondary metabolites of D. hirsuta has potential as antibacterial properties includes flavonoids, alkaloids and steroids. This research is to analyze the antibacterial activity of moss D. hirsuta against pathogenic bacteria that will be beneficial to humans. Liverworts of D. hirsuta were extracted using ethyl acetate solvent and tested against three types of pathogenic bacteria using the agar well-diffusion method. The results of this study indicated that the ethyl acetate extract of D. hirsuta at 100% concentration could inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhi bacteria. The range of antibacterial activity categories of the ethyl acetate extract of D. hirsuta to E. coli, S. aureus, and S. typhi between weak to moderate.

scholarly journals Quantification of Lupeol as Secondary Metabolite by HPTLC Technique and Assessment of Antimicrobial Potential of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Betula alnoides Bark

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 426-432
Author(s):  
Shahbaz Khan ◽  
Harpreet Singh ◽  
Arun K Mishra ◽  
Najam Ali Khan
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Potential ◽  
Betula Alnoides ◽  
Layer Chromatography

The present work includes extraction of Betula alnoides bark using ethyl acetate as a solvent, preliminary phytochemical test, quantification of phytochemicals and quantification of lupeol in Betula alnoides by High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) instrument along with the assessment of the antimicrobial potential of Ethyl Acetate Extract (EAE). The marc obtained after defatting of the coarsely powdered crude drug in Petroleum ether (60-80) was extracted using ethyl acetate. Afterward, preliminary phytochemical tests were done. For High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC), the solvent used was n-hexane: ethyl acetate (8:2 v/v) and scanning was performed at wavelength 254 nm. EAE was screened for antimicrobial potential. The extraction yield was 3.45% w/w. The result of the phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of some important phytochemicals in EAE. A clear and resolved peak of lupeol was observed at Rf 0.61. The developed method was validated as per ICH guidelines. The concentration (%) of the marker compound (lupeol) was found to be 0.0168. Disk diffusion method using Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis as bacterial strains and Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus and Epidermophyton floccosum as fungal strains against ciprofloxacin (for antibacterial activity) and fluconazole (for antifungal activity) as standard drugs was employed. The finding suggested that EAE possess significant antibacterial and antifungal activity when comparison was made with standard drugs. The proposed elucidated mechanism behind this action may be due to the presence of triterpenoids in EAE.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and antifungal activity of Moringa oleifera stem bark

2013 ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Shafiqur Rahman ◽  
Laila Zerin ◽  
MN Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activity ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

Petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and carbon tetrachloride extracts of Moringa oleifera stem bark were studied for their antimicrobial activities against eleven human pathogenic bacteria (Shigella dysenteriae, S. sonnei, Salmonella typhi, S. paratyphi, Bacillus subtilis, B. megaterium, B. cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae) and four human pathogenic fungi (Aspergillus niger, A. ochraceus, A. ustus and Candida albicans) using disc diffusion and poisoned food method, respectively. Chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts exhibited moderate to good antibacterial and antifungal activity against all the pathogens tested. The ethyl acetate extract exhibited the largest zone of inhibition (21 mm in diameter with 2000 mg/disc extract) against S. sonnei. The highest inhibition of fungal radial mycelial growth (52. 00% with 100 mg extract/ml medium) was recorded against C. albicans with ethyl acetate extract. The ethyl acetate extract exhibited the lowest MIC (750 mg/ml) against B. megaterium, S. dysenteriae, V. cholerae and E. coli. For fungi, the lowest MIC was 500 mg/ml against C. albicans with crude extract of ethyl acetate. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v3i1.13411 The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 3(1&2):109-117, 2008

Antimicrobial potentials, phytochemical screening and determination of bioactive compounds from Three Indian folk medicinal plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Vanitha ◽  
S. Vijayakumar ◽  
S. Rajalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ft Ir

Aim: To investigate the antimicrobial efficacy of various solvents leaf extracts of Aegle marmelos, Plumbago zeylanica and Rhinacanthus nasutus against human pathogenic organisms such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Salmonella enteriditis, Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pneumonia, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Aspergillus fumigatous by agar well diffusion method. Background: Also, this is the first time report on MIC and MBC/MFC activities and identify the phytochemicals and functional groups using HPLC, GC-MS and FT-IR analysis. Objective: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal (MBC/MFC) values were also carried out by the micro dilution method. Methods: Ethyl acetate extract of P. zeylanica showed better antimicrobial activity against the tested pathogens, especially for S. pneumoniae (40 mm) followed by ethyl acetate extract of R. nasutus (36 mm) against S. pneumoniae. While least inhibition was observed for aqueous extract of P.zeylanica against S. enteritis (10 mm). Results: The MIC ranged from 3.75 µg/ml to 60µg/ml and MBC/MFC 7.5 µg/ml to 60 µg/ml. Phytochemical analysis exhibited the presence of alkaloids, steroids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, terpenes, phenolics and cardiac glycoside in all samples of selected plant extracts. Tannins, phenolics and glycoside were found only in the ethyl acetate extract of P.zeylanica. HPLC and GC-MS analysis of ethyl acetate leaf extract of P. zeylanica exposed ten major peaks and eleven compounds respectively. Chemical nature of the leaf extract was analysed by FT-IR spectrum. Conclusion: Ethyl acetate leaf extract of P. zeylanica showed better antimicrobial activity than other extracts as well as standard drugs. Therefore, this plant could be studied in detail for the identification of active biomolecules for antimicrobial agents.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and antifungal activity of crude extracts of Plumeria rubra L.

2013 ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Laila Jarin ◽  
Md Shafiqur Rahman ◽  
MN Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activity ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts ◽  
Plumeria Rubra

Petroleum ether, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of Plumeria rubra leaves were studied for their antimicrobial activities against eleven human pathogenic bacteria, viz., Shigella dysenteriae, S. sonnei, Salmonella typhi, S. paratyphi, Bacillus subtilis, B. megaterium, B. cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae and four human pathogenic fungi, viz., Aspergillus niger, A. ochraceus, A. ustus and Candida albicans using disc diffusion and poisoned food method, respectively. Chloroform and ethyl acetate extract exhibited moderate to good antibacterial and antifungal activity against all the pathogens tested. The ethyl acetate extracts exhibited the largest zone of inhibition (25 mm in diameter with 2000 mg/disc extract) against E. coli. The highest inhibition of fungal radial mycelial growth (62.00% with 100 mg extract/ml medium) was recorded against A. ustus with ethyl acetate extract. The MICs were determined by broth macrodilution technique. The ethyl acetate extract exhibited the lowest MIC (750 mg/ml) against E. coli. However, for fungi the lowest MIC was 500 mg/ml against A. ustus with the same extract. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v3i1.13409 The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 3(1&2):87-94, 2008

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF MANGROVE Brugueira gymnorrhiza STEM EXTRACTS AGAINST PATHOGENIC BACTERIA Vibrio cholerae

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Angga Crystal Loasana Yami ◽  
Irmanida Batubara ◽  
Kholis Abdurachim Audah
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Dpph Method

Background : The treatment of some diseases caused by free radicals and pathogenic bacteria usually by using antioxidants and antibiotics. Due to excessive use of antibiotics and other environmental cues, some bacteria are now resistant to certain antibiotics or even to multiple antibiotics. Some Vibrio cholerae bacterial strains are multiresistant to many antibiotics.Objective : The antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Brugueira gymnorrhiza stem extracts against pathogenic bacteria V. cholerae.Method : The B. gymnorrhiza stem was extracted by gradient maceration method. The DPPH method was used to determine the antioxidant activity and the disc diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial activities. The column chromatography method was used to fractionate the selective extract with the best activity. The LC-MS/MS method was used to identify the compound obtained from the fraction with the best antioxidant and antibacterial activity.Result : Ethyl acetate extract of B. gymnorrhiza stem had the best antibacterial activity with MIC and MBC values of 62.50 mg/L. Ethyl acetate extract also showed the best value of antioxidant activity as indicated by an IC50 value of 255.03 mg/L. The results of fractions test showed that fraction 3 had the best antibacterial and the best antioxidant activities with both the MIC and MBC values of 7.90 mg/L and IC50 value of 348.91 mg/L, respectively.Conclusion : Ethyl acetate extract of B. gymnorrhiza stem has good potential as antioxidant and antibacterial. The compound which is thought as antioxidant and antibacterial from Ethyl acetate extract is 2-Ethyl-4-methyl-1H-imidazole.

Inhibitory effect of Torilis anthriscus on growth of microorganisms

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olgica Stefanovic ◽  
Dragana Stanojevic ◽  
Ljiljana Comic
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities

AbstractAntibacterial and antifungal activities of aqueous, ethanol and ethyl acetate extract of Torilis anthriscus (L.) Gmel. (Apiaceae) were tested in vitro against ten species of bacteria and five of fungi. Antimicrobial properties were determined by disk diffusion and broth tube dilution method. In the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), the ethanol extract showed the highest activity, followed by the ethyl acetate extract and the aqueous extract against bacterial species, while the extracts were inactive against the tested fungi species. The most active extract was chosen to examine the effects of its combinations with commercial antibiotics by checkerboard method. The obtained results showed that the interactions between ethanol extract/streptomycin and ethanol extract/chloramphenicol were additive and indifferent against the tested human-pathogenic bacteria. Synergism and antagonism were not observed.

scholarly journals ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF CYANOTIS AXILLARIS (L.) D. DON EX SWEET AGAINST OPPORTUNISTIC FUNGAL STRAINS

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Anto Suganya Regis ◽  
Jeya Jothi Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Antifungal Activities ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Methanol Extracts

Objective: The main focus of the study was to compare and determine the antifungal activities of different solvent extracts of Cyanotis axillaris.Methods: The dried whole plant of C. axillaris was extracted by sequential extraction method using solvents hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol based on their polarity. The antifungal activity of the extracts was tested against 12 opportunistic fungal strains by disc diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using microtiter plate method.Results: The hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts showed significant antifungal activities. The highest antifungal activity was recorded for ethyl acetate extract of C. axillaris. In disc diffusion method at high concentration (5 mg/ml), the ethyl acetate extract exhibited the zone of inhibition>30 mm against C. krusei, mentagrophytes, Scopulariopsis sp. and B. cinerea. In MIC the ethyl acetate extract inhibited the growth of T. mentagrophytes, Scopulariopsis sp., B. cinerea in its low dose (0.031 mg/ml). The hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of C. axillaris did not show activity against M. gypseum, T. rubrum and E. floccosum.Conclusion: This is the first report for the antifungal efficacy of C. axillaris. The results proved that the extracts of C. axillaris have high potential antifungal principles which could fight against the opportunistic and multidrug resistant fungal strains.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activities of Crude Ethyl Acetate Extract of Streptomyces sp. FEAI-1 Isolated From Soil Samples of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-193
Author(s):  
Most Farida Khatun ◽  
Md Uzzal Haque ◽  
Md Anwar Ul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Streptomyces Species

The present study was aimed to isolate and investigate actinomycetes having antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities from soil samples of Mirzapur, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Total 27 bacteria were isolated and initial screening found that Streptomyces species have low to moderate antagonistic property against various pathogenic bacteria and among them EFAI-1was quite interesting. The antimicrobial activity of crude ethyl acetate extract obtained from EFAI-1was determined using broth-dilution method against Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Shigella sonnei and Salmonella typhi. The crude extract was almost equally active against both Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria. The highest zone of inhibition was found 21 mm at a concentration of 100 μg/disc against Salmonella typhi. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the crude extract against the test bacteria were in the range of 15.6-125 μg/ml and 62.5-250μg/ml, respectively. We found that the LC50 value of the crude extract was only 0.13 μg/ml against brine-shrimp nauplii indicating its potent cytotoxic nature. Our results indicate that this bacterium would be an excellent source of potent antibiotic and anticancer drugs.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 20(2): 188-193, 2017

scholarly journals In vitro Antibacterial and Antitubercular Activities of Leaf Extracts of Senna occidentalis

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
K. T. Olatunji ◽  
Y. Ya’aba ◽  
S. B. Mohammed ◽  
I. J. Akah ◽  
O. C. Daniel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Control Drug ◽  
Micro Organisms

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and antitubercular activities of ethylacetate and ethanol leaf extracts of Senna occidentalis. Study Design: Fresh leaves of Senna occidentalis collected from Suleja, Niger state were used for this study against some medically important micro-organisms viz; Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella paratyphi, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium smegmatis. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Abuja, Nigeria at the Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development [NIPRD], from February 2019 to April 2019. Methodology: Senna occidentalis leaves were extracted successively with ethyl-acetate and ethanol. The obtained extracts were tested in vitro for antibacterial activity by agar well diffusion method, while anti-tubercular screening was carried out by broth micro-dilution method. A fixed-dose concentration of chloramphenicol was used as a control drug against the bacterial isolates while isoniazid was used as control drug against the mycobacterium isolates. Results: The in vitro antibacterial screening showed that the crude extracts exhibited varying activity against the different microbes with highest zone of inhibition at 12 mm, and anti-tubercular activity with MICs ranging from 97.6-390.6 μg/mL.  Among these extracts, ethyl-acetate extract showed significant antibacterial activity against most of the test micro-organisms. The most susceptible micro-organism was P. aeruginosa (12mm zone in ethyl-acetate at 80 mg/mL) followed by B. subtilis (10 mm zone in ethyl-acetate extract at 80 mg/mL) and E. coli (9 mm zone in ethyl-acetate extract at 80 mg/mL). The ethanol extract was the most effective in inhibiting the growth of M. smegmatis and M. bovis with MICs of 97.6 μg/mL and 195.3 μg/mL. Conclusion: The activities observed could be attributed to the presence of some active metabolites contained in the extracts which could be useful in drug development for therapeutic purposes.

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