scholarly journals Preliminary Phytochemical Screening and Assessment of Pharmacological Activities of Leaves and Stems of Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr.

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuz Mia Nur Akhi ◽  
Mohiminul Adib ◽  
Quazi Sufia Islam ◽  
Irin Sultana ◽  
Rafiqul Haider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
Significant Extent ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Phytochemical Profiles

The present study was designed to evaluate the preliminary phytochemical profiles and pharmmacological activities of different extractives (methanol and chloroform) of the leaves and stems of Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. Preliminary phytochemical screenings demonstrated the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, gums and amides and reducing sugar in leaves and stems. Significant α-amylase inhibitory activities were found by the methanol (66.67%) and chloroform (70.63%) extracts of leaves of G. procumbens as compared to the standard drug acarbose (95.45%) at a concentration of 400 μg/ml. In the castor oil-induced diarrhea, the maximum inhibition of defecation was found by the chloroform fraction. During the anxiolytic activity test which was performed by open field and hole cross method, different extractives of leaves and stems of G. procumbens (500 mg/kg bw) reduced the total count of square crossed and hole crossed to a considerable extent in comparison to the control groups. In antipyretic assay, both extracts reduced the temperature to a significant extent in comparison to the standard group. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 22(1): 79-84, 2019

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic effect of p-hydroxycinnamic diesters extracted from carnauba wax powder (Copernicia Prunifera) in alloxan-induced diabetic animals

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e509108183
Author(s):  
Vinícius Bandeira Moura ◽  
José Ytalo Gomes da Silva ◽  
Marcelo Oliveira Holanda ◽  
Carla Laíne Silva Lima ◽  
Sandra Machado Lira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Hypoglycemic Effect ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Carnauba Wax ◽  
Ancient Civilizations ◽  
Transmissible Disease

Diabetes is a chronic non-transmissible disease and the number of cases is increasing every year. Plants appear as an alternative therapy since ancient civilizations. Among the species that have promising pharmacological activities are carnauba (Copernicia prunifera (Miller) H. E. Moore). Carnauba wax powder consists of a mixture of heterogenic compounds, among them, p-hydroxycinnamic diesters (HCA). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of HCA in alloxan-induced diabetic animals. Therefore, this study was performed with 50 female Swiss mice, distributed in 5 groups (n = 10). The animals of the negative and positive control groups were treated with water: healthy and diabetic mice, respectively; animals of the HCA groups 25 and 50 were diabetic animals and they were treated with the HCA solution at doses of 25 and 50 mg / Kg, respectively; and with metformin, standard drug, at the dose of 200 mg / kg. After 28 days of HCA treatment, a significant hypoglycemic effect was observed in animals treated with HCA at the lowest dose tested (25 mg / kg). In the present study, HCA shown to be a promising compound with good scientific applicability due to the reduction of glycemia of diabetic animals induced by alloxan.

Antipyretic Activity of the Root Extracts of Xylocarpus

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Ganesh Kumar Y ◽  
Pranitha D ◽  
Phaneendra D ◽  
Madhava Reddy Ch
Keyword(s):  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Prostaglandin Synthesis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Race ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Antipyretic Activity ◽  
Inhibition Of Prostaglandin Synthesis ◽  
Elevated Body Temperature

Various types of conditions exist in the body that causes fever and pain. Drugs that are used to treat fever are called antipyretics, and those are usually prescribed to treat elevated body temperature. But those drugs result in many other side effects like ulcers, perforations, bleedings and obstructions, which make their use questionable and limiting. Medicinal plants are used in the treatment of diseases from the starting of the human race and the process; they had been subjected to rigorous investigations and tests to establish a scientific proof and validation of the various pharmacological activities and their respective mechanisms of action in treating the herbs. Considering the anti-inflammatory properties of the plant, Xylocarpus mekongesis was investigated for its antipyretic activity in yeast method and 3doses out of which 00mg/kg body weight showed a better activity compared to the standard drug and other extracts too. The mechanism of action was similar to the paracetamol action that is inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis.

The effect of Gokshura Churna over Tilanalakshara Yoga in the management of Mutrashmari - A Randomized Comparative Clinical Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Anil M. Sanshi ◽  
Dr.Pallavi A. Hegde
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Renal Calculi ◽  
Renal Calculus ◽  
P Value ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Comparative Clinical Study ◽  
Group B ◽  
Trial Drug

Background: Mutrashmari is a stone like structure anywhere in the Mutravaha Srothas which can be compared with renal calculi and one among the Astamahagada, clinical features as renal angle pain, haematuria, pyuria and dysuria. Peak age is 3rd to 5th decade while majority of patients report regarding onset of disease in 2nd decade of life and male to female ratio is 3:1. Objectives: To compare the effect of Gokshura Churna over Tilanalakshara Yoga in the management of Mutrashmari with special reference to Renal calculi. Materials and Methods: 30 patients were selected on the basis of inclusion criteria and divided into 2 groups with 15 patients in each group by chit method. Group A was treated with standard drug Tilanalakshara Yoga and Group B was traeted with trial drug Gokshura Churna. Results: It was found that standard group reduced the abdominal pain by 85.1%, dysuria by 89.4%, renal angle tenderness 88.4%, haematuria 100%, pyuria 100%, size of renal calculus 41.9% by 21st day of treatment. In study group it was observed that abdominal pain reduced by 92%, dysuria 96.1%, renal angle tenderness 91.6%, haematuria 100%, pyuria 100% and size of renal calculus 48.5% by 21st day of treatment. Conclusion: This assessment showed Gokshura Churna had significant result over Tilanala Kshara Yoga in both subjective and objective parameters with P value less than 0.0001.

scholarly journals A Review on Cistus sp.: Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Activities

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1214
Author(s):  
Imane Zalegh ◽  
Mohamed Akssira ◽  
Mohammed Bourhia ◽  
Fouad Mellouki ◽  
Naima Rhallabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Global View ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
Phytochemical Profiles

Resistance to drugs is reaching alarming levels and is placing human health at risk. With the lack of new antimicrobials drugs, infectious diseases are becoming harder to treat. Hence, there is an increasing awareness of active phytochemicals with therapeutic functions. The tremendous research interest on the Cistus L. genus includes numerous plants used in traditional medicine by people living around the Mediterranean Sea, also resulted in some interesting discoveries and written literature. This review aimed at gathering scientific literature about Cistus species, describing phytochemical profiles and the various pharmacological activities. We also extensively reviewed the antimicrobial activities, including antiviral, antiparasitic, antifungal, and antibacterial potentials of Essential Oils (EO), raw extracts as well as isolated compounds. Mechanisms of action along with methods used are also investigated in this review. Considering the findings of the Cistus species extracts, this genus offers an adequate reserve of active phytochemicals since many have been used to create drugs. Therefore, this review work can serve society by providing a global view on Cistus L. sp. regarding pharmacological potentials and their chemical profiles.

scholarly journals Tamoxifen and oxidative stress: an overlooked connection

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nermin S. Ahmed ◽  
Marek Samec ◽  
Alena Liskova ◽  
Peter Kubatka ◽  
Luciano Saso
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Apoptotic Effects ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

AbstractTamoxifen is the gold standard drug for the treatment of breast cancer in pre and post-menopausal women. Its journey from a failing contraceptive to a blockbuster is an example of pharmaceutical innovation challenges. Tamoxifen has a wide range of pharmacological activities; a drug that was initially thought to work via a simple Estrogen receptor (ER) mechanism was proven to mediate its activity through several non-ER mechanisms. Here in we review the previous literature describing ER and non-ER targets of tamoxifen, we highlighted the overlooked connection between tamoxifen, tamoxifen apoptotic effects and oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective activity of Adina cordifolia against ethanol induce hepatotoxicity in rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Sharma ◽  
B Sangameswaran ◽  
V Jain ◽  
M S Saluja
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Hepatocellular Injury ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Hepatic Cells ◽  
Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Serum Glutamate

The acetone (AEAC) and aqueous extracts (AQEAC) of Adina cordifolia, belonging to the family Rubiaceae, were studied for hepatoprotective activity against Wister rats with liver damage induced by ethanol. It was found that AEAC and AQEAC, at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight exhibited hepatoprotective effect by lowering the Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT), Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (SGOT), alkaline phosphate and total bilirubin to a significant extent and also significantly increased the levels of total protein. The hepatoprotective activity was also supported by histopathological studies of liver tissue. Since results of biochemical studies of blood samples of ethanol treated rats showed significant increase in the levels of serum enzyme activities, reflecting the liver injury caused by ethanol and blood samples from the animals treated with AEAC and AQEAC showed significant decrease in the levels of serum markers, indicating the protection of hepatic cells against ethanol induced hepatocellular injury. The effects of AEAC and AQEAC were comparable with standard drug silymarin.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i9.11619 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 1(9): 279-284 

scholarly journals Pharmacological Activities of Senna obtusifolia Linn.: A Medicinal Plant of Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Anisuzzaman ◽  
Md Qamrul Ahsan ◽  
Md Ruhul Kuddus ◽  
Mohammad Abdur Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Anxiolytic Activity ◽  
Hypotonic Solution ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Senna Obtusifolia ◽  
Inhibitory Potential ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

The crude methanol extract of seed of Senna obtusifolia Linn. has been investigated for anxiolytic, antiatherothrombosis, membrane stabilizing and alpha-amylase inhibitory activities. The anxiolytic activity was examined in mice by using the hole cross and open field test (OFT). The anti-atherothrombosis activity was evaluated and compared with that of standard streptokinase. The membrane stabilizing activity was tested by using hypotonic solution- and heat-induced hemolysis of human erythrocyte. The plant extract was also assessed for anti-diabetic activity through in vitro ?-amylase inhibitory potential. The ?-amylase inhibitory activity of S. obtusifolia was measured using the starch-iodine method. The crude extract of S. obtusifolia showed moderate anxiolytic activity. In the in-vitro anti-atherothrombosis test, the extract exhibited mild activity as compared to the standard, streptokinase (81.53%). In membrane stabilizing activity test, the plant extract at 1.0 mg/ml inhibited the heat-induced hemolysis of RBCs by 56.37% whereas the standard acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) demonstrated 71.36% inhibition of hemolysis. Our results revealed that the extract produced dose-dependent prevention of digestion of carbohydrates by inhibiting ?-amylase. These findings demonstrated that S. obtusifolia may be a good candidate for further analysis because of its effective pharmacological properties. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v17i2.22338 Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 17(2): 182-186, 2014

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF NISHA LAUHA (NL) AND NISHA LAUHA WITHOUT LAUHA BHASMA (NLWL) AGAINST CCL4 INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Adhave Swati Sheshrao ◽  
Ingole Rajesh Kundlikrao
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Paraffin ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Herbal Drug ◽  
Standard Drug

Introduction: Many herbal drugs are used to treat liver diseases, but the dose of the herbal drug is high, and they have lesser palatability. An ideal medicine is a medicine that is effective, easy palatable and produces quick action in a low dose. It is possible by adding metals like Lauha (Iron) to the herbal drugs. Objective: To compare the hepatoprotective effect of Nisha Lauha (NL) and Nisha Lauha without Lauha Bhasma (NLWL) in experimental rats. Materials and methods: 40 rats were taken divided into five groups, and each group contained eight rats. Among these groups, four groups receive 0.2 ml of injection containing the 0.1 ml CCL4 plus 0.1 ml liquid paraffin given intraperitoneally for 28 days to induce Hepatotoxicity. Both Test groups received NL and NLWL at a dose of 45mg/kg bd. wt. and 450mg/kg bd. wt. respectively for 28 days. The standard group receives silymarin at a 100 mg/kg bd dose. wt. for 28 days by oral route. The hepatoprotective effect was analyzed using biochemical parameters and histopathological study of the liver. Results: Both the Test and standard groups do not show toxic effects against CCL4 induced hepatotoxicity and lower the dose of the herbal drug due to the addition of Lauha. Conclusion: The result suggests that both test group NL and NL without Lauha Bhasma shows the hepatoprotective activity as equivalent to standard drug silymarin. The addition of Lauha Bhasma to herbal drugs decreases the dose without affecting the drug’s efficacy against the hepatoprotective effect.

Evaluation of Anti-Fertility Property of Lawsonia Inermis L. (Lythraceae) Roots in Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
CT Samagoro ◽  
A Agunu ◽  
H Nuhu ◽  
Z Mohammed ◽  
EM Abdurrahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Ethinyl Estradiol ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Lawsonia Inermis ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Implantation Sites ◽  
And Control

Traditional contraceptive practices and use of medicinal plants is a common occurrence in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Lawsonia inermis L. (Lythraceae) roots which is the most frequently used anti-fertility agent was evaluated in rats. Apparently healthy female and male Wistar rats were used. Pre-implantation and mating ratio, determinations of implantation sites and Corpora lutea were also conducted. The effects of extract on weight of the rats were also determined. There were loss of implantation sites and decrease in body weight. The number of implantation sites showed dose–response relationship significantly (p£0.05) among the doses of extract and to standard drug (ethinyl estradiol). There was also significant (p£0.05) difference observed in the number of Corpora lutea in all experimental and control groups. Similarly, there was significant (p£0.05) difference observed in all the experimental and control groups on percentage pre-implantation loss. The plant extract exhibit anti-fertility effects. The finding may explain the traditional use of the plant as antifertility agent.Keywords: Traditional Medicine, Contraception, Methanol Extract, L. inermis Root, Medicinal Plants

scholarly journals Analgesic, Antidiarrheal and Antidepressant Activities of Anethum sowa Linn. in Swiss-Albino Mice Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdullah Al Mansur ◽  
M Mahboob Ali Siddiqi ◽  
Koushik Saha
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Writhing Test ◽  
Tail Immersion ◽  
Anethum Sowa

The hexane (HE), dichloromethane (DCME), ethyl acetate (EAE) and methanol (ME) extracts of seed and stem of Anethum sowa were subjected to screenings for analgesic, anti-diarrheal and anti-depressant activities. The peripheral and central analgesic actions were determined by using formalin-induced writhing test and tail immersion method. The DCME extract of stem, at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight, significantly reduced the number of writhing movements whereas the methanol extract of seed at the same dose exhibited remarkable analgesic activity in tail immersion method. In castor oil induced anti-diarrheal assay, the ethyl acetate extract of stem, at 400 mg/kg body weight, exhibited significant anti-diarrheal effect. In addition, significant anti-depressant activity was observed at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight as compared to the standard drug in case of HE extract of stem.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 21(1): 1-6, 2018

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