scholarly journals General anaesthesia of indigenous pigs in Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
MS Rana ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
UK Rima ◽  
NS Juyena
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
General Anaesthesia ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Maximum Depth ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Depth Of Anaesthesia ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Indigenous Pigs

Anaesthetic trials were conducted with propofol (P), xylazine-propofol (XP), xylazine-ketamine (XK), xylazine-thiopentone (XT) in 16 healthy indigenous pigs. Respiration rate decreased significantly (P < 0.01) five minutes after induction, and during maximum depth of anaesthesia, and had not returned to control value after recovery from anaesthesia with all anaesthetic combinations. Heart rate with P increased significantly (P<0.01) five minutes after induction, whereas it decreased significantly (P < 0.01) with XP, XK and XT during anaesthesia and remained below the normal range after recovery from anaesthesia except after XP. In all anaesthetic sessions, rectal temperature decreased significantly (P < 0.01) in all stages of anaesthesia: after recovery the rectal temperature almost returned to control value in P and XP. Slight to moderate salivation was observed in all pigs with P and XP. It is suggested that P and XP combination seems to be suitable for general anaesthesia in pigs, but XP is more suitable. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bvet.v30i2.18254 Bangl. vet. 2013. Vol. 30, No. 2, 46-53

scholarly journals PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS, BLOOD PROFILE AND BODY COMPOSITION OF SHEEP FED WITH CA-SAPONIFIED LEMURU OIL COATED BY HERBS

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Dewi Apri Astuti ◽  
Asep Sudarman
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Blood Profiles

<p>This study was aimed to evaluate the physiological status, blood profiles and body composition of sheep fed with Ca-saponified lemuru oil coated by herbs. Twenty fat-tailed sheep (av. BW 23±1.2 kg) were used in this experiment by using Completely Randomized Design with five treatments ration and four replications of each. Sheep fed with concentrate containing 3% Ca-saponified lemuru oil and king grass (1:1) ad libitum. Treatments were control diet without herbs (R1); Ca-saponified lemuru oil coated by curcumae domestica (R2); coated by Zingiber officinale Rosc (R3); coated by Eugenia polyantha (R4) and coated by Pluchea indica Less (R5). Data of physiological parameters were measured three times a day, in the morning, at noon and afternoon. Blood samples were collected at the end of the experiment through jugular vein, together with zero sample for Urea Space measurement. The variables observed were physiological data (heart rate, respiration rate, and rectal temperature), blood profiles (erythrocyte, hemoglobin, packed cell volume (PCV), leucocytes) and body composition (water, protein and fat) measured using Urea Space technique. Results of the study showed that sheep fed with Ca-saponified lemuru oil coated by herbs was not significantly different on heart rate, respiration rate and rectal temperature among treatments. Meanwhile, total leucocytes, neutrophil cell, and lymphocytes significantly increased (P&lt;0.05) by the treatment. Body composition percentage (water, protein and fat) were same in all treatments, except the total body fat and energy retained. In conclusion, supplementation of 3% Ca-saponified lemuru oil coated by Curcumae domestica, Zingiber officinale Rosc, Eugenia polyantha and Pluchea indica Less in fat-tailed sheep had no effect on physiological parameters, but improved the leucocyte and neutrophil cells. Total body fat and energy retained lower compared to control treatment.</p><p>(Key words: Body composition, Ca-saponified, Herbs, Lemuru oil, Urea space)</p>

EFFECTS OF LOW FLUCTUATING TEMPERATURES ON FARM ANIMALS: I. INFLUENCE OF AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE ON THE RESPIRATION RATE, HEART RATE, AND RECTAL TEMPERATURE OF LACTATING HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN COWS

1958 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. MacDonald ◽  
J. M. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Ambient Air Temperature ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Holstein Friesian

This report presents data on the effect of low fluctuating ambient air temperatures on the rectal temperature, heart rate, and respiration rate in lactating Holstein-Friesian cows.Daily minimum ambient air temperature (DMAAT) inside the uninsulated University of Saskatchewan loose-housing shed ranged from −5° F. to 38° F. As ambient temperature decreased, rectal temperature and heart rate increased, while respiration rate decreased. Levels of significance were 10, 9, and 1 per cent for regressions of rectal temperature, heart rate, and respiration rate, respectively, on DMAAT. Levels of significance were 7, 10, and 1 per cent for regressions of rectal temperature, heart rate, and respiration rate, respectively, on degree hours per day (d-h/day). Degree hours per day is a measurement unit developed by the authors and is based on time and difference in degrees from 50° F.Change in rectal temperature and heart rate were not significantly (P = >.05) correlated with either change in d-h/day or change in DMAAT. Change in respiration rate was significantly (P = <.02) and negatively correlated with change in d-h/day and significantly (P = <.06) and positively correlated with change in DMAAT.Heart rate, rectal temperature, and respiration rate were not significantly correlated with each other. However, change in respiration rate was positively correlated with change in rectal temperature (P = <.03).While the influence of low temperatures resulted in small changes in these physiological characteristics compared to those experienced elsewhere in high temperature zones, it cannot be concluded that lactating cows were entirely free of thermal stress at temperatures as low as 0° F.

scholarly journals Sedation of xylazine and lignocaine with adrenaline and bupivacaine for umbilical surgery in calves

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 134-139
Author(s):  
NC Sarker ◽  
MA Hashim ◽  
BP Ray ◽  
SK Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Anaesthetic Agent ◽  
General Effect ◽  
Depth Of Anaesthesia ◽  
Duration Of Action ◽  
Bupivacaine Hydrochloride ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Context: The use of sedatives in veterinary practice is indispensable as they help in overcoming resistance of the animal during examination, maintaining depth of anaesthesia, reducing the dose of anaesthetic agent and increasing the margin of safety. Thus, action of some sedatives and local analgesics in various regional anaesthesia in calves and their evaluation in respect of doses are of great significance. The approximation of dose rate of available sedatives in calves may be helpful for the practitioners.   Objectives: To determine the general effect of clinically useful dose of the sedatives produced by xylazine and lignocaine with adrenaline and bupivacaine for umbilical surgery in calves.   Materials and Methods: The experiment was performed on 20 affected with umbilical hernia, 6 were indigenous (local) and 14 were crossbred. They were divided into 4 groups and each group included 5 calves. Groupp A was sedated with xylazine hydrochloride and 2% lignocaine hydrochloride; Group B with xylazine hydrochloride followed by 0.5% bupivcaine hydrochloride; Group C with diazepam followed by 2% lignocaine hydrochloride; and Group D diazepam followed by 0.5% bupivacaine. Respiratory rate, heart rate and rectal temperature were recorded before administration of sedatives and at 15, 30, 45, 60 minutes after sedation and local analgesia.   Results: Heart rate and respiration rate significantly (p<0.01) decreased during sedation with xylazine hydrochloride plus 2% lignocaine hydrochloride or 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride. A significantly decreased (p<0.01) heart rate and respiration rate also found during sedation with diazepam plus 2% lignocaine hydrochloride or 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride. Duration of analgesia was longer with 0.5 % bupivacaine hydrochloride (55.88 ± 1.58 min in Group B and 48±11.25 min in Group D) compared to 2% lignocaine hydrochloride (39.60 ± 5.77 min in Group A and 43.6 ± 5.81 min in Group C). Xylazine hydrochloride showed short onset and long duration of sedation compared to diazepam.   Conclusion: For herniorraphy, xylazine hydrochloride can be used as a better sedative while 0.5 % bupivacaine hydrochloride can be used as a local analgesic for longer duration of action.   Keywords: Xylazine; lignocaine; diazepam; sedation; analgesia DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v18i0.8789 JBS 2010; 18(0): 134-139

scholarly journals Respon Fisiologis Domba Ekor Tipis Terhadap Waktu Pemberian Pakan Yang Berbeda

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Gayuh Syaikhullah ◽  
M. Adhyatma ◽  
Himmatul Khasanah
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Daily Body Weight ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This study aimed to examine the relationship of feeding time on physiological response and the effect on the behavior of Javanese thin-tailed sheep. The total population of the study was 12 sheep. The treatment in this study is feeding time in the morning (W1) and evening (W2). Parameters that had been observed were heart rate, respiration rate, rectal temperature. This research design used was a completely randomized design. Feeding at different times did not affect daily body weight gain. However, feeding at different times affects the physiological response of thin tail sheep. W1 has a higher heart rate value at daytime of 80.65 ± 3.49 but has a lower value in the afternoon at 75.26 ± 4.20. Respiration rates W1 in the morning and evening were 32.06 ± 2.69 and 51.88 ± 3.43. Rectal temperature W1 lower in the morning at 37.76 ± 0.05. Physiological response of thin tail sheep which were fed with different feeding times indicated that the heart rate, respiration rate, and rectal temperature were still in normal condition.

scholarly journals Evaluation of analgesic and sedative effects of repeated and increasing doses of xylazine HCl in sheep

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 468-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Musa Genccelep ◽  
Abdullah Karasu
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Deep Sedation ◽  
Moderate Sedation ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Sedative Effects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sedation And Analgesia ◽  
Ruminal Contractions

Five clinically healthy Akkaraman rams were used. Xylazine was administered intramuscularly at an initial dose of 0.4 mg/kg to induce sedation. The second, third and fourth doses were 20% larger than the previous dose, that is, 0.48, 0.57 and 0.68 mg/kg doses, respectively. They were administered intramuscularly four times at 4-day intervals. The rectal temperature, heart rate and respiratory rate, as well as the rumen motility of all animals, were evaluated before and after xylazine administration. The depths of sedation and analgesia and the control of reflexes, along with various biochemical parameters, were studied. Although the respiration rate increased until the 15th min, it approached the control value at the 30th min and decreased after the 45th min. Ruminal contractions progressively decreased from the 5th min to the 60th min. All levels of sedation were observed in all sheep. The degree of analgesic effect was 0 during mild and moderate sedation periods, and 1–2 during deep sedation. Of all biochemical parameters assessed, only the glucose concentration increased. It was therefore concluded that in order to obtain the same sedation level in sheep in the 4 days following an administration of xylazine, the previous dose should be increased by 20%.

scholarly journals Electrocardiogram of Clinically Healthy Mithun (Bos frontalis): Variation among Strains

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagar Sanyal ◽  
Pradip Kumar Das ◽  
Probal Ranjan Ghosh ◽  
Kinsuk Das ◽  
Kezha V. Vupru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
The Other ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Qrs Complex ◽  
T Wave ◽  
Genetic Strains ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Bovine Species

A study was conducted to establish the normal electrocardiogram in four different genetic strains of mithun (Bos frontalis). Electrocardiography, cardiac electrical axis, heart rate, rectal temperature and respiration rate were recorded in a total of 32 adult male mithun of four strains ( each). It was found that the respiration and heart rates were higher () in Manipur than other three strains. Amplitude () and duration of P wave and QRS complex differed () among the strains. Mizoram strain had the highest amplitude and duration of P wave and QRS complex. On the other hand, higher () amplitude and duration of T wave were recorded in Arunachalee and Mizoram strains. The mean electrical axis of QRS complex that were recorded for Arunachalee and Manipur strains were similar to that reported for other bovine species; whereas the electrical axis of QRS for Nagamese and Mizoram strains were more close to feline and caprine species, respectively. In conclusion, electrocardiogram of mithun revealed that the amplitude and duration of P wave, QRS complex and T wave were different among four different genetic strains of mithun and the electrical axis of QRS complex for Nagamese and Mizoram mithuns are dissimilar to bovine species.

scholarly journals 18 Comparing stress indicators of horses used for therapy in riding activities and groundwork activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 83-83
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Abbott ◽  
Kathi Jogan ◽  
Erin L Oberhaus ◽  
Jason Apple ◽  
Charles Rosenkrans
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Activity Type ◽  
Experimental Time

Abstract Equine therapy is used to assist people suffering from various physical and mental disabilities. Equine-assisted activities and therapies (EAAT) include therapeutic riding and hippotherapy. Our objective was to determine the effects of EAAT on horse heart rate, respiration rate, temperature, and serum cortisol. Horses (n = 7) were assigned to activity type (groundwork or riding) in a Latin square design in which all horses performed both activities twice. Heart rate, respiration rate, rectal temperature, and serum cortisol concentrations were determined at 15 minutes before, and 15, 45, and 75 minutes after activity was initiated. Pearson correlations revealed that cortisol was not correlated (r &lt; 0.12; P &gt; 0.22) with heart rate, respiration rate, or rectal temperature. Heart rate was correlated (P &lt; 0.05) with respiration rate (r = 0.77) and body temperature (r = 0.2); and body temperature was correlated with respiration rate (r = 0.21; P &lt; 0.05). Analysis of variance was performed with horse within date as the experimental unit, main effects of activity type, horse, date, experimental time, and interactions. Serum concentrations of cortisol (varied from 2.8 to 89.7 ng/mL) and body temperature (37.4 ± 0.06) were affected (P &lt; 0.01) by an interaction between experimental time and horse. Heart rate (61 ± 2.1) and respiration rate (30 ± 1.4) were affected (P &lt; 0.01) by interactions between experimental time and horse; and experimental time and activity type. Our results demonstrate that equine athletes serving in EAAT programs have altered physiological responses depending on the horse, type of activity, and length of time performing the task. Based on our results, cortisol concentrations are not the best indicator of a horse’s response to EAAT work, and we recommend that trainers monitor horses’ heart and respiration rates as an indicator of horse well-being while working with patients.

Effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline on the heat production of warm- and cold-acclimated sheep

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 985-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Graham ◽  
R. J. Christopherson
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Temperature Responses

The heat production (HP), heart rate (HR), respiration rate, rumen motility, and body temperature responses to 2.5-h adrenaline (A) and noradrenaline (NA) intrajugular infusions at 0.00, 0.15, 0.30, 0.60, and 0.90 μg∙kg−1∙min−1 were studied in 10 shorn wethers which had been chronically (3–8 weeks) exposed to warm (19–24 °C) or moderately cold (8–13 °C) temperatures. Heat production, as estimated from respired gas analysis, increased 40–45% with all doses of A and the effect was potentiated by chronic cold exposure. Only the higher dose rates of NA induced an increase in HP. The maximum HP increase due to NA was 30% and the effect was not influenced by chronic cold exposure. Thermoneutral HP was greater by 16–19% in cold-acclimated as compared with warm-acclimated sheep. Corresponding to the HP effects of A and NA, all doses of A and the highest dose of NA resulted in slight increases in rectal temperature. Respiration rate increased with increased dose rate of NA but only the highest dose of A resulted in an increase in respiration rate. HR, rectal temperature, and respiration rate responses to A and NA were not influenced by cold acclimation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of different premedicants in canine anaesthesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-214
Author(s):  
AKM Muktadir Billah ◽  
Sharmin Sultana ◽  
Md Akhtar Hossain ◽  
Mirza Abul Hashim ◽  
Tahmina Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Deep Sedation ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Moderate Reduction ◽  
Experimental Trials ◽  
Anaesthetic Parameters ◽  
Made In

Fifteen experimental trials were made in fifteen dogs in three different groups to study the degree of sedation produced by different premedicants, to evaluate and to compare their effects on various clinical parameters including different reflexes in dogs. These animals were premedicated with xylazine (1.1mg/kg), atropine (0.05mg/kg)-xylazine (1.1mg/kg) and diazepam (0.2mg/kg)-xylazine (1.1mg/kg) to observe their effect on different clinical and anaesthetic parameters. Diazepam-xylazine combination produced deep sedation while mild sedation was recorded with atropine-xylazine premedication. Respiration rate, heart rate and rectal temperature significantly decreased (P<0.05) in dogs of all three groups after fifteen minutes of premedication. Diazepam-xylazine produced marked reduction (P<0.05) on clinical parameters while atropine-xylazine produced mild to moderate reduction (P<0.05) on clinical parameters in dogs. All experimental dogs in different groups were anaesthetized with ketamine hydrochloride after fifteen minutes of premedication. The respiration rate, heart rate and rectal temperature reduced significantly (P<0.05) in xylazine-ketamine, atropinexylazine- ketamine and diazepam-xylazine-ketamine combination at 5, 10 and 15 min after induction when compared with pre-induction control values. The longest duration of anaesthesia (61.6 minutes) was obtained with diazepam-xylazine-ketamine combination while the shortest anaesthetic period (28.4 minutes) was observed in xylazine-ketamine combination. Diazepam-xylazine-ketamine combination produced longest recovery period (56.4 minutes) while the shortest recovery period (46.2 minutes) was observed with xylazineketamine combination. Atropine-xylazine-ketamine combination appears to be a safe combination for anaesthesia in dogs.Res. Agric. Livest. Fish.4(3): 209-214, December 2017

Clinico physiological Evaluation of Levobupivacaine with and without Fentanyl Citrate in Cow Calves.

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kumar Roonwal ◽  
B. P. Shukla ◽  
S. Shukla ◽  
R. Jain
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Epidural Analgesia ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Fentanyl Citrate ◽  
Physiological Evaluation ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

A study was planned to evaluate the efficacy of Levobupivacaine as an epidural analgesia, with and without Fentanyl Citrate and to evaluate the clinico-physiological changes. The study was conducted on 12 healthy cow calves, weighing between 50 to 70 kg. The animals were divided into two groups of six animals each. The animals of group 1 received Levobupivacaine (@ 0.8 mg/kg body wt.) in sacrococcygeal space, while animals of group 2 received Levobupivacaine (@ 0.8 mg/ kg. body wt.) and Fentanyl Citrate (@ 2 μg/kg body wt.) simultaneously in the sacrococcygeal space. The clinico-physiological changes were recorded at different time intervals in both treatments. The animals of treatment II showed longer duration and good depth as compared to animals of treatment I. The recovery was smooth in both groups. Rectal temperature, respiration rate and heart rate showed non-significant decrease in their values in both the groups.

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