Antimicrobial activities of isolated probiotics and their metabolites against some pathogenic microorganisms

The study was aimed to finding the antimicrobial activities among probiotics isolated from different yoghurts and their metabolites against some common bacterial pathogens. The nutrient agar media overlay method (Disc diffusion Method) was used to determine the presence of antibacterial effects among the isolated probiotics. Probiotics produced potential antibacterial activities against several pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The maximum antibacterial property (13.5 mm of zone of inhibition) of bacterial strain found against Salmonella paratyphi. Conversly, bacterial metabolites produced maximum effect (10.3 mm of zone of inhibition) against Staphylocuccos aureaus. The antibacterial effect is one of the most important criteria for probiotics selection, and the verified antibacterial activities of the probiotics supports the development of these functional foods as a key to the enhancement of health in the consuming public.IIUC Studies Vol.14(1) June 2017: 21-28

Download Full-text

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND EVALUATION OF IN-VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF DROSERA SPATULATA VAR BAKOENSIS- AN INDIGENOUS CARNIVOROUS PLANT AGAINST RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIOUS MICROBES.

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2016.v9i6.14382 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 274

Author(s):

Chidepudi D S L N Tulasi

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Methanol Extracts ◽

Low Concentrations ◽

Bacteria And Fungi

Objective: In the present study, the phytochemical constituents of Drosera spatulata, have been evaluated and antimicrobial activity was screened against respiratory tract infectious microbes.Methods: The phytochemicals present in Drosera spatulata by qualitative phytochemical assays and the antimicrobial activity along with MIC, MBC and BIC were determined against S. aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia and S.Pneumonia the causative organisms of pulmonary infections, mainly effects the nasal pharynx, trachea, and lungs as well as Aspergillus niger.Results: Aqueous, ethanol, methanol extracts of thick roots, open flower and hair of Drosera spatulata var bakoensis against this pathogenic bacteria and fungi showed high zone of inhibition which estimated by disc-diffusion method as well as minimum inhibition concentration manifestation by the broth microdilution assay followed MBC and BIC. The values of MIC, MBC and BIC obtained were between 0.3-0.9, 0.36-2.25, 0.12 - 0.37 mg/mL. The results revealed that the plant extracts of Drosera spatulata var bakoensis have high potential even at low concentrations values against bacteria and fungi cultures and this results validated by the presence of high amounts of alkaloids, quinones, anthraquinones, flavonoids in the plant extracts. Conclusion: In the present study, the results showed the presence of high amounts of alkaloids, flavonoids, quninoes, anthraquinones, terpinoids in Drasera spatulata plant. In the antibacterial and antifungal activity, the ethanol and methanol extracts significantly showed the activity against the tested respiratory disease causing bacteria and antifungal properties with zone of inhibition showed more than aqueous extracts at very low concentrations

Download Full-text

Phytochemical Compositions and Antimicrobial Activities of Citrus sinensis and Citrus aurantifolia Peels on Selected Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Jollof Rice

International Journal of Pathogen Research ◽

10.9734/ijpr/2019/v2i330075 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Mojisola Abiola Asowata-Ayodele ◽

Peter Anani Dabesor ◽

Bolaji Afolabi

Keyword(s):

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Orange Peel ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

E Coli ◽

Orange Peels ◽

Peel Extract

Aims: The aim of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial activities of aqueous and ethanolic (EtOH) extracts of orange (C. sinensis Pers.) and lime (C.aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle) peels on some selected pathogenic bacteria isolated from jollof rice. Study Design: Antimicrobial analysis, phytochemical analysis Place and Duration of Study: Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Wesley University Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria, between June and July 2017. Methodology: Antimicrobial analysis of aqueous and EtOH extracts prepared from orange and lime peels were done by using the agar well diffusion method against the selected pathogenic bacteria. The extracts were screened for anti-nutrients such as alkaloids, tannins, oxalate, phytate and glycosides. Results: The EtOH extracts of orange peel showed a remarkable zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli (23.5 ± 0.1 mm) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (11.4 ± 0.0 mm) and Bacillus cereus (9.8 ± 0.0 mm). Whereas, the aqueous extracts of orange showed no zone of inhibition against the tested pathogenic bacteria. In addition the EtOH peel extract of lime showed maximum zone of inhibition against S. aureus (15.5 ± 0.0 mm) followed by E. coli (14.3 ± 0.1 mm) and B. cereus (12.1 ± 0.2 mm), whereas its aqueous peel extract showed no zone of inhibition against K. pneumonia, S. aureus, E. coli and B. cereus. Both EtOH extracts of orange and lime peels showed no zone of inhibition against K. pneumonia. Streptomycin, the reference antibiotic, had no zone of inhibition against B. cereus and S. aureus whereas it recorded maximum zone of inhibition against E. coli (24.0 ± 0.0 mm) and K. pneumonia (25.1 ± 0.1 mm). The phytochemical analysis showed presence of oxalate, alkaloids, phytate, tannins and glycoside in the aqueous and EtOH extracts of lime and orange peels. The antimicrobial activities of EtOH extracts of both lime and orange peels demonstrated inhibitory effect against the targeted organisms such as B. cereus, S. aureus and E. coli. Conclusion: The exploration of novel antimicrobial agents from natural resources such as plant like Lime and sweet orange as food preservative is due to the presence of various secondary metabolites.

Download Full-text

EFFICACY OF EUPHORBIA HETEROPHYLLA LATEX AGAINST PATHOGENIC BACTERIA AND FUNGI

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2020.v13i6.37341 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 141-145

Author(s):

PRUTHVI ML ◽

MAHESH MK ◽

ROHINI SAHAYA MARY

Keyword(s):

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Active Metabolites ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Standard Drug ◽

Penicillium Sp ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the antimicrobial activities of Euphorbia heterophylla latex. Methods: The antibacterial and antifungal activities of acetone, chloroform, and diethyl ether extracts were assayed by disk diffusion method. Results: The study of plant E. heterophylla latex revealed the presence of medically active metabolites. Bacterial strains such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus vulgaris, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibited a strong zone of inhibition. Acetone extract exerts a potent zone of inhibition against P. aeruginosa compared to tetracycline. Fungi, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, and Penicillium sp., were used for the antifungal activity. It was observed that the highest zone of inhibition was noticed against A. niger in all the extracts. Interestingly, F. oxysporum and Penicillium sp. showed no zone of inhibition and were resistant to standard drug, fluconazole which was used as a control. Conclusion: E. heterophylla latex extract was found to be more potent than the standard drugs which were used against both the bacterial and fungal strains.

Download Full-text

Antimicrobial Activities of Marine Sponge-Associated Bacteria

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9010171 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 171

Author(s):

Yitayal S. Anteneh ◽

Qi Yang ◽

Melissa H. Brown ◽

Christopher M. M. Franco

Keyword(s):

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

South Australia ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Marine Sponges ◽

Bioactive Metabolites ◽

Human Pathogens ◽

Sponge Associated Bacteria ◽

Microbial Symbionts ◽

Bacteria And Fungi

The misuse and overuse of antibiotics have led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms, which decreases the chance of treating those infected with existing antibiotics. This resistance calls for the search of new antimicrobials from prolific producers of novel natural products including marine sponges. Many of the novel active compounds reported from sponges have originated from their microbial symbionts. Therefore, this study aims to screen for bioactive metabolites from bacteria isolated from sponges. Twelve sponge samples were collected from South Australian marine environments and grown on seven isolation media under four incubation conditions; a total of 1234 bacterial isolates were obtained. Of these, 169 bacteria were tested in media optimized for production of antimicrobial metabolites and screened against eleven human pathogens. Seventy bacteria were found to be active against at least one test bacterial or fungal pathogen, while 37% of the tested bacteria showed activity against Staphylococcus aureus including methicillin-resistant strains and antifungal activity was produced by 21% the isolates. A potential novel active compound was purified possessing inhibitory activity against S. aureus. Using 16S rRNA, the strain was identified as Streptomyces sp. Our study highlights that the marine sponges of South Australia are a rich source of abundant and diverse bacteria producing metabolites with antimicrobial activities against human pathogenic bacteria and fungi.

Download Full-text

Antimicrobial activities of an oxygenated cyclohexanone derivative isolated from Amphirosellinia nigrospora JS-1675 against various plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi

Journal of Applied Microbiology ◽

10.1111/jam.14138 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 126 (3) ◽

pp. 894-904 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

H.T. Nguyen ◽

S. Kim ◽

N.H. Yu ◽

A.R. Park ◽

H. Yoon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Plant Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Bacteria And Fungi ◽

Cyclohexanone Derivative

Download Full-text

GC-MS Analysis and Antimicrobial Activities of Ethanol Alkaloid Leaf Extracts of Delonix elata.L

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research ◽

10.47583/ijpsrr.2021.v68i02.016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

Author(s):

D. Muthuselvam ◽

Kathick Kathick

Keyword(s):

Present Finding ◽

Cell Formation ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Ms Analysis ◽

Escherchia Coli ◽

Physiological Abnormalities

Delonix elata L., belongs to family Fabaceae used by the traditional various medicinal practices to cure jaundice, skin disease, heart disease, cancer cell formation, physiological abnormalities, heptoprotective, bronchial and rheumatic problems. The present study was screen the antimicrobial and phytochemical activity of alkaloid leaf extracts. This extracts was assessed on multidrug resistant clinical isolated from both gram positive, gram negative and antifungal strains including Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherchia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The zone of inhibition was determined by Agar well diffusion method with various concentration. GC- MS analysis was performed to identify major bioactive compounds present in the extracts. The GC – MS studies shown the present of 25 compound were identified in the leaf extract composition. The antimicrobial analysis revealed that C. albicans showed a highest zone of inhibition 25mm at 100 mg/ml of extracts. Present finding suggest that D. elata as plant pharmaceutical and pharmacological importance.

Download Full-text

Antibacterial Effect of Vernonia anthelmentica (Kattu Seeragam) on Bovine Mastitis

Vol. 5, No. 1 - International Journal of Zoological Investigations ◽

10.33745/ijzi.2021.v07i02.003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Sandhiya G ◽

Ahmed Fauzia

Keyword(s):

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antibacterial Effect ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Bovine Mastitis ◽

Seed Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽

Common Disease ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Quality Of Milk

Bovine mastitis is the common disease of mammary glands of dairy cows, caused by pathogenic bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococccus faecium, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Bacillus etc. The disease severely impacts the quality of milk and associated milk products. Three different bacterial species Staphylococcus, Bacillus and Klebsiella were isolated, identified and later treated with the seed extract of Vernonia anthelmentica. Well diffusion method was used to test the antibacterial effect of ethanol seed extract of Vernonia anthelmentica. Results showed that Vernonia anthelmentica was most effective against Staphylococcus compared to other two bacterial species. Phytochemical analysis of Vernonia anthelmentica revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, terpenoids etc. Present study suggests that seeds of Vernonia anthelmentica can be an effective antibacterial against bovine mastitis, which might be due to thepresence of tannins, and terpenoids in the extract.

Download Full-text

PRELIMINARY MYCOCHEMICAL, GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY–MASS SPECTROSCOPY ANALYSIS, AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF CALOCERA VISCOSA (PERS.) FR.

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i3.27997 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 86-93

Author(s):

NAVEEN KUMAR NAIK S ◽

ASHWATHANARAYANA R ◽

RAJA NAIKA

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Petroleum Ether ◽

Mass Spectroscopy ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Ms Analysis ◽

Medicinal Properties ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy

Objectives: Calocera viscosa, commonly called as the yellow stagshorn, is a jelly fungus, belongs to the family of Dacrymycetales, unknown for its medicinal properties and biological activities. Method: The sporocarps of C. viscosa (Pers.) Fr. were collected from Agumbe, Karnataka. Mycochemical and Gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC–MS) analysis done by standard procedures and antibacterial activity was done by agar well diffusion method. Results: Physicochemical was analyzed and results revealed the highest percentage of alcohol-soluble extractives were present followed by ash content. Alcohol-soluble extractives were 20.76%, total moisture content (10.9%), and foreign matter (0.5%). Extraction was done by Soxhlet apparatus using petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethanol and subjected to qualitative mycochemicals analysis both petroleum ether and chloroform extract confirms less mycochemicals, whereas ethanolic extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, sterols, glycosides, terpenoids, and phenols. GC–MS analysis of ethanoic extract showed many known bioactive compounds in that, 19 compounds were unknown and 21 compounds were known for its medicinal properties, most of them were food additives and flavoring agents. Antibacterial potentials were studied against pathogenic bacteria revealed that ethanolic extract showed appreciable zone of inhibition against pathogenic bacteria, in that maximum zone of inhibition showed against Klebsiella pneumonia followed by Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion: C. viscosa (Pers.) Fr. sporocarp can be explored for potential antibacterial with rich full of useful mycochemicals.

Download Full-text

EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF FRESH AND FREEZE-DRIED SELECTED FRUIT JUICES

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i9.19099 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 156 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Naritsara Toobpeng ◽

Pannapa Powthong ◽

Pattra Suntornthiticharoen

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Fruit Juices ◽

Fresh Fruit ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Schleichera Oleosa ◽

Freeze Dried

Objective: The objective of this investigation was to assess the biological activity of fresh fruit juices and freeze dried fruit juices including antioxidant and antibacterial activity.Methods: The fruits used in this study were Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken, Carissa carandas L., and Sandoricum koetjape (Burm.f.) Merr. The fresh juice sample (FJS) was extracted and also prepared for freeze drying sample (FDS) by freeze dryer. The antioxidant capacity of FJS and FDS was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assays and determination for total phenolic contents (TPCs) by Folin–Ciocalteu’s reagent. Antimicrobial tests were carried out by agar diffusion methods and evaluated by measuring the zone of inhibition against 10 isolates of pathogenic bacteria.Results: The highest antioxidant activity of FJS and FDS was found in S. oleosa and related to the scavenging effect on DPPH radical of FJS (100% concentration) and FDS (200 mg/ml) was found in the value of 93.05±0.31% and 82.18±0.33%, respectively. TPC of FJS and FDS from S. oleosa at the same concentration as in the DPPH assay was 1,003.53±1.96 ug GAE/300 g of matter and 827.77±23.15 ug GAE/100 ml of matter, respectively. Both FJS and FDS revealed antibacterial activity. The zone of inhibition of FJS was ranging from 8.3±0.6 to 24.0±1.0 mm and FDS values of 7.3±0.5-21.0±0.9 mm. The most potent sample against bacteria was FJS and FDS from S. oleosa which FJSs against Escherichia coli ESBL and FDS against Pseudomonas aeruginosa MDR2.Conclusion: Fruit juices of S. oleosa, C. carandas, and S. koetjape associated with antioxidant activity in the form of both fresh fruit juices and FDS. The result of this study showed that the value of DPPH and TPCs were slightly decreased in FDS compare with fresh juice. Screening of FJS and FDS of C. carandas revealed broad spectrum antibacterial activity. However, FJS of S. oleosa and S. koetjape showed inhibition of growth of bacteria, but few of FDS from these fruits could inhibit limited bacterial isolates. For antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria, the samples of fresh and freeze dried exhibited a different degree of activity.

Download Full-text