scholarly journals Preliminary phytochemical screening and susceptibility of bacteria pathogens to whole extract of evolvulus alsinoides (L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
BA Omogbai ◽  
FA Eze
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Evolvulus Alsinoides ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Context: Plant based antimicrobial represent a vast untapped source for medicines and further exploration of plant antimicrobial neeto occur. Evolvulus alsinoides (L) (Convolvulaceae) is a perennial herb is used in traditional medicine in East Asia, India, Africa and Philippines to cure fever, cough, cold, venereal diseases, azoospermia, adenitis and dementia.   Objective: The objective of this research was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the extracts of E. alsinoides on some clinical microbial isolates.   Materials and Methods: The ed thanolic and aqueous extracts of the whole plant (leaves and twigs) were analysed for alkanoids, tannins, glycosides, steroids, flavonoids, saponins, volatile oil and resins. The determination of antibacterial activity was done using the agar well diffusion technique. Pure cultures of pathogenic bacteria such as Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus leutus, Klebsiella Pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi were used for antibacterial activity assay, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC).   Results: The ethanolic extract of the plant had MIC values ranging from 16 mg/ml to 512.5 mg/ml. The least MIC was 16mg-ml against Salmonella typhi while Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus showed the highest MIC of 512.5 mg-ml. In the aqueous extract the MIC ranged between 512.5 to >1025 mg/ml. Salmonella typhi, Micrococcus luteus and Staphylococcus aureus were not inhibited by the water extract. Phytochemical result showed ethanol to be a better solvent for the extraction of the bioactive agents in this plant which include: glycosides, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids and volatile oil.   Conclusion: In this study the gram-negative organisms had the lowest MICs and MBCs. This suggests their higher susceptibility to the extract of this plant. On the basis of the result obtained in this investigation it can be concluded that ethanol extract of Evolvulus alsinoides had significant in vitro broad spectrum antimicrobial activity.   Keywords: Evolvulus alsinoides; Phytochemical screening; Antibacterial activity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v18i0.8769 JBS 2010; 18(0): 16-20

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Arugula (Eruca Sativa) Leaves on Some Pathogenic Bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samar Qaddoumi ◽  
Nasser El-Banna
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Eruca Sativa ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Arugula (Eruca sativa) is a green leafy vegetable; whose flowers, seed pods and seeds are edible. It’s packed with vital nutrients that can help you step up your health without spending too much money. This study aims to fight pathogenic bacteria whether they affect plants or humans by stopping their growth and work as antibiotics. In the present study, water extract of Arugula leaves was effective against Escherichia coli HAS 11 (19mm) and Staphylococcus aureus HAS 1 (12mm), but no activity was observed against Erwinia amylovora HAS 12 and Bacillus cereus HAS 2. In the case of ethyl acetate extract, no antimicrobial activity against tested microorganisms, Staphylococcus aureus HAS 1, Bacillus cereus HAS 2, Escherichia coli HAS 11 and Erwinia amylovora HAS 12 was seen.

scholarly journals Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Umbi Batang Tumbuhan Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia Pendens Merr. & L. M. Perry) Terhadap Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Dan Staphylococcus Aureus

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ardianti Febriana
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Tetracycline Hcl ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

AbstrakTumbuhan sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendens Merr. & L. M. Perry) secara empiris digunakan sebagai obat yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Namun, belum pernah diteliti mengenai aktivitas antibakteri tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri umbi batang sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendens Merr. & L. M. Perry) terhadap bakteri Gram negatif dan Gram positif yaitu Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Staphylococcus aureus, menentukan konsentrasi hambat tumbuh minimum (KHTM), dan nilai banding ak- tivitas antibakterinya terhadap tetrasiklin-HCl. Hasil pengujian aktivitas antibakteri umbi batang sarang semut menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak umbi batang sarang semut memiliki ak- tivitas antibakteri terhadap kedua bakteri tersebut. Konsentrasi hambat tumbuh minimum (KHTM) ekstrak umbi batang sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendens Merr. & L. M. Perry) terhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa terletak pada konsentrasi 0,83 % , sedangkan pada Staph- ylococcus aureus terletak pada konsentrasi 0,8 %. Hasil uji banding ekstrak umbi batang sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendens Merr. & L. M. Perry) dengan tetrasiklin-HCl terhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Staphylococcus aureus berturut-turut sebesar 1 : 6,709 x 10-4 dan 1 : 1,038 x 10-5. Penapisan fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak umbi batang sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendens Merr. & L. M. Perry) mengandung flavonoid dan polifenol.Kata kunci: Myrmecodia pendens Merr. & L. M. Perry, Aktivitas antibakteri, Pseudomo- nas, StaphylococcusABSTRACTThe ant plant (Myrmecodia pendens Merr. & L. M. Perry) is one of plant applied as tradi- tional medicine. Empirically, the tuber of the ant plant have antibacterial activity. However, the examination of antimicrobial activity from extract of the tuber has never been reported. The research was done to know the activity of antimcrobial againts Gram positive and Gram negatif bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, to determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the tuber, and comparative value antibacterial activity with tetracycline-HCl. The result revealed that the tuber of the ant plant (Myrmeco-dia pendens Merr. & L. M. Perry) has antibacterial activity againts those bacteria. The Min- imum Inhibitory Concentration of extract from the tuber of ant plant to Pseudomonas aeru- ginosa was in range 8,2x103-8,3x103 ppm of concentration, and to Staphylococcus aureus was in range 7,5x103-8x103 ppm of concentration. Comparative value of extract from the tuber of ant plant with tetracycline-HCl againts Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococ- cus aureus were respective 1:.6.709 x 10-4 and :1.038 x 10-5. Phytochemical screening showed that the extract of the tuber contains flavonoid and polifenol.Keywords: Myrmecodia pendens Merr. & L. M. Perry, Antibacterial activity, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus

Two Epimeric Flavalignans from Trichilia catigua (Meliaceae) with Antimicrobial Activity

2002 ◽  
Vol 57 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 483-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moacir G. Pizzolatti ◽  
Andreia F. Venson ◽  
Artur Smânia Júnior ◽  
Elza de F. A. Smânia ◽  
Raimundo Braz-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Spectroscopic Data ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

A mixture of flavalignan cinchonains Ia and Ib was isolated from the bark of Trichilia catigua. The structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic data of the natural products and their methylated derivatives including 2D NMR experiments, and compared with data in the literature. These flavalignans exhibited antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.

scholarly journals TO STUDY THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF VARIOUS EXTRACTS OF CLAUSENA DENTATA (WILLD.) ROEM.

2019 ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
ANNAMALAI MADURAM ◽  
RAJU KAMARAJ
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Human Pathogenic Bacteria

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to study the antibacterial activity for the various extracts of Clausena dentata against human pathogens. Clausena (Rutaceae) is a genus of about 23 species of unarmed trees and shrubs. The stem bark of C. dentata is used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of wounds and sprains. Even though C. dentata has a lot of potential medical uses, the study of microbiological properties is very scarce. Methods: The plant C. dentata was collected from Kadagaman, near Tiruvannamalai, Tamil Nadu, India, and authenticated by Centre for Advanced Study in Botany, University of Madras, Chennai. The dry powder of stem bark was extracted with hexane, chloroform, and methanol. The extracts were subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhi, Klebsiella pneumonia, Vibrio cholerae, and Staphylococcus aureus and compared with ciprofloxacin. Results: Qualitative chemical tests revealed the presence of various phytochemicals such as alkaloids, glycosides, carbohydrate, proteins and amino acids, phytosterols, and volatile oil. The antibacterial activity result reveals that all the extracts were are more active against V. cholerae. The activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was mild. Conclusion: The activity against V. cholerae was comparable with that of 5 μg/mL ciprofloxacin at the concentration of C. dentata 40 μg/mL. The orders of antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria are hexane, methanol, and chloroform extract of C. dentata.

Berberine sulfate: antimicrobial activity, bioassay, and mode of action

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1067-1076 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Amin ◽  
T. V. Subbaiah ◽  
K. M. Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Rna And Protein Synthesis ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Berberine sulfate was shown to possess antimicrobial activity against a wide variety of microorganisms including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. The antibacterial activity against Vibrio cholerae and Staphylococcus aureus was dependent on the inoculum size of the test organism and pH of the medium. A method of microbiological assay sensitive to 5–10 μg/ml of the drug was developed. The drug was shown to exert a more rapid antibacterial activity than chloramphenicol and tetracycline on V. cholerae, the K values being 2.4 ×10−2 sec−1, 7.8 × 10−3 sec−1, and 5.2 × 10−3 sec−1 respectively. Berberine sulfate was shown to be bacteriocidal to V. cholerae and bacteriostatic to S. aureus, at concentrations of 35 and 50 μg/ml. In both these organisms concentrations of 35 and 50 μg/ml of the drug inhibited ribonucleic acid (RNA) and protein synthesis almost immediately after the addition of the drug. There was little effect on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis at these concentrations.

scholarly journals Uji Aktivitas Antimikroba Ekstrak n-Butanol Madu Hutan (Apis nigrocincta) dari Kabupaten Selayar dengan Metode KLT-Bioautografi

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
A.Suparlan Isya Syamsu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Butanol Extract ◽  
Apis Nigrocincta ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Preliminary research has been conducted on the antimicrobial activity of n-Butanol extract of forest honey (Apis nigrocincta). This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity of forest honey from Selayar Regency on the growth of test microbes, using the method of solid dilution with the test microbial Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Vibrio sp, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Candida albicans against n-butanol extract from forest honey (Apis nigrocincta) at 1 mg/ml. The results obtained showed that n-butanol extract inhibited the growth of bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus aureus. To estimate the compounds that provide antimicrobial activity, the TLC-Bioautography test is performed. Obtained the best results from the separation of compounds by TLC using Chlorophorom eluate: Acetone (3: 1). The TLC-Bioautographic test results showed that the spots with an Rf value of 0.29 gave activity to Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus epidermidis, and gave positive results on the appearance of flavonoid compounds.

scholarly journals POTENSI BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT DALAM MENGHASILKAN BAKTERIOSIN SEBAGAI ANTIMIKROBA DAN PENGUKURAN BERAT MOLEKULNYA DENGAN SDS-PAGE DARI ISOLAT FERMENTASI KAKAO

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Urnemi ◽  
Sumaryati Syukur ◽  
Endang Purwati ◽  
Sanusi Ibrahim ◽  
Jamsari
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

ABSTRACT Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from of cocoa beans fermentation Forestero variety from West Sumatera, that were eleven isolates. The isolates were tested to antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria E.coli NBRC 14237, Staphylococcus aureus NBRC 13276, Bacillus subtilis BTCCB 612, listeria m. dan S. Typhii. Results the research showed that, isolates had inhibition zone to pathogenic bacteria, that were 7 mm till 12 mm at 48 hours observation. R2.4 isolate was most potential to inhibition zones growth pathogenic bacteria, that was 11mm till 12 mm to five pathogens. R2.4 isolates was the highest to against pathogenic bacteria (Bacillus subtilis BTCCB, Listeria monocytogenesis and Staphylococcus aureus NBRC) had inhibition zones, that was 12.00 mm till 48 hours. Listeria monocytogenesis had been known as pest bacterium of food born, so that R2.4 isolate can be used as food biopreservative. Crude of R2.4 isolate molecular weight was 10 kDa by SDS-PAGE.  Key words: Lactic acid bacteria, Antimicrobial activity, SDS-PAGE, Cocoa fermentation and food biopreservative                                                      

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of some Honey Samples against Pathogenic Bacteria

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mahendran ◽  
D. Kumarasamy
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method

The aim of the present research work to investigate antimicrobial activity of some honey samples six winter honeys six summer honeys collected from different regions of Western Ghats. The microbes used in this study are Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus mirabilis. Antibacterial activity of the honeys was assayed using the Disc diffusion method. Noticeable variations in the antibacterial activity of the different honey samples were observed. Among the microbes Staphylococcus aureus is the most sensitive against all honey samples shows the maximum inhibitor zone compare to summer honeys.

scholarly journals Potential Antibacterial Activity of Two Important Local Chewing Sticks “Fagara zanthoxyloides and Distemonanthus benthamianus” along with Antioxidant Capacities

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-232
Author(s):  
AO Shittu ◽  
A Aliyu ◽  
MS David ◽  
NS Njinga ◽  
HI Ishaq
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
Chewing Sticks

In order to authenticate and ascertain the various claim by the rural dwellers that depend on chewing sticks for their oral hygiene and protection against innumerable diseases, the antibacterial activity of the roots of Fagara zanthoxyloides and Distemonanthus benthamianus were evaluated. Preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out using standard methods. In-vitro antibacterial activity of the methanol extracts of both plants was also carried out using the agar well diffusion method against standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella typhii ATCC 14028, Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090 and also some clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis at different concentrations and ratios. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed that the extracts contained alkaloids, saponin, tannins, steroids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides and phenol. All the test microorganisms were susceptible to the inhibitory effect of the extracts at concentrations of 200 mg/ml and 500 mg/ml. F. zanthoxyloides had better antimicrobial activity with zones of inhibition ranging from 21.0 to 26.0 mm at 200 mg/ml and 24.3 to 29.3 mm at 500 mg/ml while D. benthamianus had zones of inhibition ranging from 17.7 to 26.7 mm at 200 mg/mL and 19.0 to 26.7 mm at 500 mg/mL. Some of the test microorganisms were resistant to the standard antibiotics (cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and gentamicin). Combinations of the extracts in ratios 50:50 and 75:25 yielded no increase in activity. The MIC and MBC for D. benthamianus ranged from 6.25 mg/ml to 100 mg/mL and 25 to 200 mg/ml, respectively while that of F. zanthoxyloides ranged from 1.56 mg/ml to 12.5 mg/mL and 50 to 200 mg/ml, respectively. The antimicrobial activity demonstrated by F. zanthoxyloides and D. benthamianus indicates that they would be valuable in the management of urinary, respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts infections while at the same time helping to mitigate the problem of antimicrobial resistance. Phenolic compounds of plants, among them flavonoids are the chief constituents, which have potent antioxidant activities Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 18(2): 223-232, 2019 (December)

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