scholarly journals Impact of Momordica charantia (karela) on serum alanine aminotransferase level in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

Mediscope ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
S Mohal ◽  
DK Mondal ◽  
PK Chowdhury ◽  
H Biswas ◽  
A Khanom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Serum Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase Level ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Medical University

The present experimental study was conducted at Department of Anatomy in BSMMU (Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University) & BIRDEM (Bangladesh Institute of Research & rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine & metabolic Disorders) to investigate whether Momordica charantia (karela) has got any impact on serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Sixty healthy young Long Evans rats of male sex weighing 150 to 280 gm aged between 10 to 12 weeks were used in this study. The rats were divided into 4 equal groups depending on their different sorts of dietary feedings and drug treatment. The final ALT level (on 51st day) ranged from 23 to 34 u/L (mean 30.10 u/L) in healthy rats, 56 to 80 u/L (mean 68.50 u/L) in the untreated diabetic rats, 36 o 37 u/L (mean 31.50 u/L) in the insulin-treated diabetic rats and 61 to 96 u/L (mean 81.10 u/L) in the karela-treated diabetic rats. The ALT percentage change value of diabetic rats on 51st day corresponding to the initial on 7th day was significantly higher than that healthy rats (p<0.001). The value in the insulin-treated diabetic rats was significantly lower than that of the untreated diabetic rats (p<0.001) & the karela-treated diabetic rats (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the values of the untreated diabetic rats & the karela-treated diabetic rats (p>0.05). The present study did not show that karela has any significant impact of acting against higher serum ALT level in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. Further investigation is recommended for establishing karela as an agent against higher serum ALT level in diabetes mellitus. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/mediscope.v1i1.21634 Mediscope Vol. 1, No. 1: 2014, Pages 29-32

scholarly journals Impact of Momordica charantia (karela) on serum aspartate aminotransferase level in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

Mediscope ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
S Mohal ◽  
DK Mondal ◽  
PK Chowdhury ◽  
H Biswas ◽  
A Khanom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vehicle Injection ◽  
Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
The Mean

The  present  experimental  study  was  conducted  to  investigate  whether  Momordica  charantia  (karela)  has  got  any  impact  on  serum  aspartate  aminotransferase  (AST)  level  in  the  streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Sixty healthy young Long Evans rats of male sex weighing  150 to 280 gm aged between 10 to 12 weeks were used in this study. The rats were divided into  4 equal groups depending on their different sorts of dietary feedings and drug treatment. Serum  AST level was estimated in all rats up to day 51 from the day of streptozotocin/ vehicle injection.  The mean ± SD of final serum AST level as percentage of corresponding initial level (value on  51st day  to  the  value  on  7th day) was  95.1  ±  13.4  u/L  in  healthy  rats,  110.0  ±  7.6  u/L  in  the  untreated diabetic rats, 39.4 ± 10.1 u/L in the insulin-treated diabetic rats and 109.5 ± 23.8 u/L  in  the  karela-treated  diabetic  rats. The AST percentage  change  value  of  diabetic  rats  on  51st  day  corresponding  to  the  initial  on  7th day was  significantly  higher  than  that  healthy  rats  (p  <  0.01).  The  value  in  the  insulin-treated  diabetic  rats  was  significantly  lower  than  that  of  the  untreated diabetic rats (p < 0.001) and the karela-treated diabetic rats (p < 0.001). There was no  significant  difference  between  the  values  of  the  untreated  diabetic  rats  and  the  karela-treated  diabetic  rats  (p  >  0.05).  Karela showed  a  tendency  of  acting  against hyperglycemic  effects  of  streptozotocin  induced  diabetes  mellitus  and  also  acting  against  high  serum  aspartate  aminotransferase  (AST)  level  in  streptozotocin  induced  diabetes  mellitus.  However,  further  investigations  are  recommended  for  establishing  karela  as  a  safe  and  useful  effective  anti-hyperglycemic  agent  as  well  as  an  agent  acting  against  the  rise  in  serum  AST  level  in  streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.Mediscope Vol. 2, No. 1: 2015, Pages 18-21

scholarly journals Impact of Momordica Charantia (Karela) on the Proportion of Hepatocytes with Intranuclear Inclusions in the StreptozotocinInduced Diabetic Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-86
Author(s):  
Shirin Mohal ◽  
Md. Afzal Hossain ◽  
Dulal Krishna Mondal ◽  
Shamim Ara ◽  
Khandaker Manzare Shamim
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intranuclear Inclusions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vehicle Injection ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Impact

Background: Momordica charantia has some hypoglycemic properties.Objective: The purpose of the present study was to find out the impact of Momordica charantia (karela) on the proportion of hepatocytes in the  Streptozotocin-induced  diabetic  rats.Methodology: This  was  an  animal  study  carried  out  in  the Department of Anatomy at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) and Bangladesh Institute of Research & rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine & metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM), Dhaka. Healthy young Long Evans rats of male sex weighing 150 to 280gm with an age range of 10 to 12 weeks were used in this study. The rats were divided into 4 equal groups depending upon their different sorts of dietary feedings and drug treatment. The variation of different proportion of hepatocytes with intranuclear inclusions in different groups of rat was monitored.Result: Sixty five rats were included in this study. Mean proportion of hepatocytes with intranuclear inclusions on day 51 from Streptozotocin/vehicle injection in the control group which was known as Group-A was 0. In untreated diabetic group the mean proportion of hepatocytes with intranuclear inclusions was 3.71 ± 0.82. On the other hand, in the insulin-treated diabetic rats the mean proportion of hepatocytes with intranuclear inclusions was 0 and in the karela-treated diabetic rats, the proportion of hepatocytes with intranuclear inclusions was 0. The value in the insulin-treated diabetic rats (p=0.0001) and in the karela-treated diabetic rats (p= 0.0001) were significantly lower than that of the untreated diabetic rats; however, there was no significant difference between the insulin-treated diabetic rats & the karela-treated diabetic rats (P>0.05) in this regard.Conclusion: Karela showed a tendency of acting against hyperglycemic effects of Streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus and also acting against the rise in proportion of hepatocytes with intranuclear inclusions in Streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jssmc.v5i2.20761J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2013;5(2):84-86

scholarly journals The Antioxidant Effect of Curcumin and Rutin on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Experimentally Induced Periodontitis in Hyperglycemic Wistar Rats

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1332
Author(s):  
Gilda M. Iova ◽  
Horia Calniceanu ◽  
Adelina Popa ◽  
Camelia A. Szuhanek ◽  
Olivia Marcu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Background: There is a growing interest in the correlation between antioxidants and periodontal disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of oxidative stress and the impact of two antioxidants, curcumin and rutin, respectively, in the etiopathology of experimentally induced periodontitis in diabetic rats. Methods: Fifty Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups and were induced with diabetes mellitus and periodontitis: (1) (CONTROL)—control group, (2) (DPP)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis, (3) (DPC)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with curcumin (C), (4) (DPR)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with rutin (R) and (5) (DPCR)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with C and R. We evaluated malondialdehyde (MDA) as a biomarker of oxidative stress and reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), GSH/GSSG and catalase (CAT) as biomarkers of the antioxidant capacity in blood harvested from the animals we tested. The MDA levels and CAT activities were also evaluated in the gingival tissue. Results: The control group effect was statistically significantly different from any other groups, regardless of whether or not the treatment was applied. There was also a significant difference between the untreated group and the three treatment groups for variables MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG and CAT. There was no significant difference in the mean effect for the MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG and CAT variables in the treated groups of rats with curcumin, rutin and the combination of curcumin and rutin. Conclusions: The oral administration of curcumin and rutin, single or combined, could reduce the oxidative stress and enhance the antioxidant status in hyperglycemic periodontitis rats.

Vasopressin V1 and V2 receptors in diabetes mellitus

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (2) ◽  
pp. E217-E223 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Trinder ◽  
P. A. Phillips ◽  
J. M. Stephenson ◽  
J. Risvanis ◽  
A. Aminian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Inositol Phosphate ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
V2 Receptor ◽  
Plasma Arginine ◽  
Long Acting

Diabetes mellitus causes hypertonicity, increased plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP), polydipsia, and polyuria. Downregulation of AVP V2 receptors may contribute to the polyuria through diminished V2 receptor-mediated free water retention. After 2 wk of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, the diabetic rats had raised plasma glucose, AVP, and osmolality levels (P < 0.001) compared with nondiabetic controls (Sham). Insulin treatment (4 U long-acting insulin sc, daily) partially lowered these values (P < 0.01). There was a reduction in the number of renal and hepatic V1 receptors in the diabetic and diabetic+insulin animals compared with the sham animals (P < 0.05). The receptor affinity remained unchanged. In parallel, there was a reduction in maximum AVP-activated total inositol phosphate production in the liver and kidney of the diabetic and diabetic+insulin animals compared with the sham animals (P < 0.05). The density and affinity of renal V2 receptors and AVP-stimulated adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate production in the diabetic and diabetic+insulin animals were unchanged compared with the sham. These results demonstrate differential regulation of AVP receptors and suggest that downregulation of renal V2 receptors does not contribute to the polyuria of diabetes. In contrast, downregulation of V1 receptors might contribute to diminished V1 receptor-mediated biological responses to AVP seen in diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals The acute effects of different spironolactone doses on cardiac function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (11) ◽  
pp. 1343-1350
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Vranic ◽  
Stefan Simovic ◽  
Petar Ristic ◽  
Tamara Nikolic ◽  
Isidora Stojic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Rat Hearts ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Currently, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of global mortality, while diabetes mellitus remains an important cause of cardiovascular morbidity. A recent study showed that patients with diabetes mellitus treated with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists have improved coronary microvascular function, leading to improved diastolic dysfunction. In this study, we evaluated the influence of acute administration of spironolactone on myocardial function in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, with special emphasis on cardiodynamic parameters in diabetic rat hearts. The present study was carried out on 40 adult male Wistar albino rats (8 weeks old). Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (10 animals per group): healthy rats treated with 0.1 μmol/L of spironolactone, diabetic rats treated with 0.1 μmol/L of spironolactone, healthy rats treated with 3 μmol/L of spironolactone, and diabetic rats treated with 3 μmol/L of spironolactone. Different, dose-dependent, acute responses of spironolactone treatment on isolated, working diabetic and healthy rat heart were observed in our study. In healthy rats, better systolic function was achieved with higher spironolactone dose, while in diabetic rats, similar effects of low and high spironolactone dose were observed.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Effects of Glibenclamide on Metabolic Parameters, GLUT1 Expression, and Liver Injury in Rats With Severe and Mild Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Mellitus

Medicina ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelizaveta Sokolovska ◽  
Sergejs Isajevs ◽  
Olga Sugoka ◽  
Jelena Sharipova ◽  
Natalia Paramonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Glut1 Expression ◽  
Mild Diabetes ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Glut1 Gene

Background and Objective. Glucose transport via GLUT1 protein could be one of additional mechanisms of the antidiabetic action of sulfonylureas. Here, the GLUT1 gene and the protein expression was studied in rats in the course of severe and mild streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus and under glibenclamide treatment. Material and Methods. Severe and mild diabetes mellitus was induced using different streptozotocin doses and standard or high fat chow. Rats were treated with glibenclamide (2 mg/kg daily, per os for 6 weeks). The therapeutic effect of glibenclamide was monitored by measuring several metabolic parameters. The GLUT1 mRNA and the protein expression in the kidneys, heart, and liver was studied by means of real-time R T-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Results. The glibenclamide treatment decreased the blood glucose concentration and increased the insulin level in both models of severe and mild diabetes mellitus. Severe diabetes mellitus provoked an increase in both GLUT1 gene and protein expression in the kidneys and the heart, which was nearly normalized by glibenclamide. In the kidneys of mildly diabetic rats, an increase in the GLUT1 gene expression was neither confirmed on the protein level nor influenced by the glibenclamide treatment. In the liver of severely diabetic rats, the heart and the liver of mildly diabetic rats, the GLUT1 gene and the protein expression was changed independently of each other, which might be explained by abortive transcription, and pre- and posttranslational modifications of gene expression. Conclusions. The GLUT1 expression was found to be affected by the glucose and insulin levels and can be modulated by glibenclamide in severely and mildly diabetic rats. Glibenclamide can prevent the liver damage caused by severe hyperglycemia.

Effect of pancreas transplantation on decreased levels of circulating bone γ-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein and osteopenia in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes

1992 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Ishida ◽  
Yutaka Seino ◽  
Noritaka Takeshita ◽  
Takeshi Kurose ◽  
Kazuo Tsuji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Pancreas Transplantation ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Chronic Complications ◽  
Carboxyglutamic Acid ◽  
Low Bone Turnover ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Osteopenia

Diabetic osteopenia has been known as one of the chronic complications of diabetes mellitus, and a decrease in bone turnover has been thought to be one of the pathophysiological characteristics of this complication. In order to investigate the effect of long-term insulin therapy on low bone turnover in diabetes, pancreas transplantation was performed on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Plasma levels of bone γ-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein(osteocalcin) in untreated diabetic rats were 0.9±0.1 (mean±sem) nmol/l, significantly lower than the value of 4.2±0.6 nmol/l in control rats (p<0.01). Pancreas transplantation reversed this decrease to 6.3±1.1 nmol/l, which was not significantly different from the value in control rats. The circulating levels of calcitriol were significantly decreased in the untreated diabetic group (p<0.01), and the decrease was fully reversed by pancreas transplantation. In addition, the decreases in bone length, strength and weight were also improved by the transplantation. This evidence clearly shows that the improvement of metabolic derangements in diabetes by insulin is essential for the prevention of deterioration in diabetic osteopenia. It is possible, therefore, that insulin exerts an indirect beneficial influence through the metabolic amelioration on the decreases in bone turnover and circulating osteocalcin in diabetes mellitus, or has a direct stimulatory effect on the osteoblasts via the insulin receptor since its presence has been shown recently in osteoblastic cells.

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