scholarly journals Perancangan Sistem Otomatisasi Penyalaan Lampu, Kipas Angin, dan Proyektor Dalam Ruang Kelas

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Reza Satria Rinaldi ◽  
Yosri Riadi Lase ◽  
M. Khairul Amri Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Electronic Equipment ◽  
Electrical Network ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Arduino Uno ◽  
Presence Of People

In general, the control of using electronic equipment in the classroom manually. Sometimes lecturers or students forget to turn off electronic equipment after the class so that there is a waste of electrical energy use. Application of automation of using electronic equipment is one solution to overcome these problems so that electrical energy becomes more efficient. This study designed a prototype of an automation system for electrical equipment in the classroom, namely lights, fans, and projectors. This system was also to turn off the electricity when nobody was in the class. The automation system controls the use of electrical energy in devices in the classroom through on-off control of the electrical network components connected to each device. In this design, the PIR sensor can detect the presence of people up to a distance of 7 meters. The Arduino Uno controller activates the lights in the class when the LDR Sensor detects a light intensity of less than 200 Lux. Then, the fan is active when the LM35 sensor detects the temperature in the class above 28oC. The FC-04 sensor detects the sound of clapping for control of projector ignition by the controller.

scholarly journals DESIGN AND DEVELOP AUTOMATION SYSTEM FOR SAVING ELECTRICAL ENERGY IN THE STTAL OFFICE ROOM

JOURNAL ASRO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Sutrisno Sutrisno ◽  
Wawan Kusdiana ◽  
Amri Rahmatullah ◽  
Bagiyo Herwono
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Heat Load ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Automation System ◽  
The Right

The use of electricity in offices has been considered too wasteful. This is caused by human negligence in controlling their use. For this reason, this research was carried out as an effort to find the right method to reduce the high electricity consumption in offices. This research was conducted in the STTAL classroom, Bumimoro, Surabaya. From the results of the calculation, the total heat load in the classroom is 32,048.3 BTU or ± 4 PK. Total installed AC capacity is only 2 PK. This automation tool is a system that works automatically to regulate the use of electrical equipment based on parameters that have been determined in a program such as the presence or absence of humans, the level of light intensity and room temperature. Data collection is carried out for 6 days in the classroom, 3 days without tools and 3 days using the automation tool. Furthermore, the data is compared to the graph and the savings are calculated. The result, on day 1 is 56.11%, days 2 and 3 are 10.26% and the average savings for the 6-day trial is 33.43%. All data is recorded automatically on a micro sdcard and information about the amount of electricity consumption and the ON / OFF feature of electrical equipment can also be accessed via a smartphone with a wifi network so that users will find it easier to monitor the use of electrical equipment in the classroom.Keywords: electricity waste, heat load, automation system, electricity monitoring, electricity savings.

IoT-Based Electric Vampire Remover to Overcome Electric Vampire On Electronic Equipment

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Rizal Justian Setiawan ◽  
Ageng Widi Atmoko ◽  
Imam Fauzi
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Electronic Equipment ◽  
Implementation Method ◽  
The Creation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Design And Manufacture

Based on data from PLN, in 2020 the number of PLN customers has reached 77,19 million or increase of 3.59 million customers compared to 2019 which amounted to 73,6 million customers. Along with modernization in Indonesia, without realizing it there is still a lot of wasted electrical energy from electronic devices that are left on standby and not used or electric vampires. The purpose of this research created a tool to overcome the problem of electric vampires in electronic equipment in order to reduce the number of losses below the national electric losses of 8%. The implementation method used for the design and manufacture of the Electric Vampire Remover is the Research and Development (R&D) research method. The steps taken are: 1) analysis of tool requirements, 2) design of tool, 3) manufacture of tool in the laboratory, 4) testing of tool functions and performance, 5) concluding the results. These stages are conducted in cycles to get the best result. The result of the research is the creation of an Electric Vampire Remover which is functionally proven to be able to control electrical equipment properly. This tool can be operated stand-alone or based on internet network. The results showed that the tool was able to reduce losses caused by electric vampires by 99%. The application of this tool at home is able to save 36,908 kWh which is equivalent to Rp. 53,320.99/month in the fare class or R-1/1300 VA power.

Menumbuhkan Kepedulian Pelajar SMA YSP PUSRI Palembang Terhadap Keberlangsungan Energi Listrik Melalui Gerakan Hemat Energi dan Pemanfaatan Solar Sel

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Wiwin Armoldo Oktaviani ◽  
Muhardanus Danus ◽  
Rika Noveriyanti
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Energy Source ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Electronic Equipment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand

YSP PUSRI Senior High School  is a school under the auspices of the Yayasan Sosial Pendidikan Pupuk Sriwijaya. The average students of this school come from the upper middle class. Therefore, most of the students are very familiar with all the ease of activities and comfort because they supported by a variety of electronic equipment. In addition, as a Adiwiyata winning school in the province of South Sumatra, this school implements a Green Ecology policy by using solar cells as an energy source for lighting. On the other hand, students' awareness of the importance of saving electricity is still low. For them, saving electricity is synonymous with reducing their comfort and pleasure. Therefore, with this condition it is deemed necessary to conduct extension activities in order to provide knowledge to students, about how to use and maintain safe and economical electrical equipment and how to apply energy solar cells as an effort to maintain the sustainability of electrical energy in Indonesia

ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY OF LOW-POWER AUTONOMOUS POWER SUPPLY EQUIPMENT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.N. Delyagin ◽  
◽  
V.I. Bocharov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Electromagnetic Compatibility ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Electrical Network ◽  
Nonlinear Load ◽  
Harmonic Components

The article presents the results of research on the evaluation of electromagnetic compatibility of elements of the power supply system for Autonomous low-power consumers. The subject of the study is a quantitative assessment of the level of harmonic components of currents and voltages in systems: a permanent magnet generator-a DC-to-AC Converter-a consumer with a nonlinear load and interfering interaction of jointly working elements of this system. The level of harmonics of voltage and current in the local electrical network (farm), repeatedly (from 3 to 10 times) exceeds the regulatory requirements. The multiplicity of the increase in electrical energy losses (K-Factor) is from 5("pure" sine of the DC-AC Converter) to 20 (rectangular meander). When designing Autonomous systems, it is necessary to provide measures to reduce the loss of electrical energy, exit from standing electrical equipment and false triggering of electronic devices in the consumer of electric energy

scholarly journals Arduino Based Multifunction Fan

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ulum ◽  
Izza Anshory ◽  
Dwi Hadidjaja Rasjid Saputra ◽  
Shazana Dhiya Ayuni
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Electronic Equipment ◽  
Turn On ◽  
Arduino Uno ◽  
Fan Speed ◽  
Presence Of People

Fans are electronic equipment that are often found in Indonesia, but fan use is generally still used manually. This can cause the use of fans to be ineffective, and again humans must approach the fan in regulating the fan speed according to room temperature and adjusting the fan direction that is right for use. The purpose of this research is to innovate conventional fans into automatic fans to make it easier and more comfortable for humans to operate. This research method is to explain the design of hardware and software as well as the exposure of the experimental tools. The results of this study are that the fan automatically selects the fan speed according to the temperature read by the DHT11 sensor, and if the read temperature exceeds 350C, the system will spray water vapor through a 12V DC pump and stop if the temperature read is below 350C, then the fan will turn on. On / off automatically according to the presence of people around the fan through the PIR sensor, the temperature indicator and the presence of people are displayed on the 16X2 LCD, then for the fan in terms of turning right-left and spraying perfume can be controlled from a distance of 7 meters via IR remote. Where all these systems are controlled via a microcontroller in the form of ARDUINO UNO

scholarly journals Audit Kelistrikan pada Gedung Administrasi Niaga (AB) dan Akuntansi (AC) Politeknik Negeri Malang

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Ahmad Hermawan ◽  
Budi Eko Prasetyo ◽  
Chandra Wiharya ◽  
Roby Try Satya Hutama
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Safety Equipment ◽  
Load Current ◽  
Consumption Intensity ◽  
Average Consumption

This study aims to analyze the average consumption of electrical energy and the Intensity of Energy Consumption (IKE) and the effect of temperature of electrical equipment in the main panel of the AB and AC buildings on the applicable electrical standards in the AB and AC buildings of Politeknik Negeri Malang. From the research, the results of the average consumption of electrical energy in each building are 2591.96 kWh and 1799.74 kWh per month, the value of Energy Consumption Intensity (IKE) is 34.55 kWh / m2 and 34.11 kWh / m2, both results fall into the category of energy use. very efficient, all the equipment in the panels of the two buildings is in good condition according to the PLN SK DIR 520 2014 book, the highest temperature value of the safety equipment is 32.8 ᵒC at NH Fuse T. this is due to the current flowing of 34.29A, the value of the equipment with the lowest temperature of 27.8 C on MCB C16 with a maximum standard of 45 C, the current conductive capacity is still in accordance with using a 2.5 mm2 cable with KHA 46 A, while the load current for each branch is protected by MCB 10 A. For cooling in rooms that use AC The split is 28,000 BTU / hour and it is still below the standard of 38,000 BTU / hour.

scholarly journals Research of higher harmonic components of voltage and current and their influence on the functioning of shipboard electrical equipment

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
В.Ф. Белей ◽  
Г.А. Решетников ◽  
К.В. Коротких
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Electrical Network ◽  
Electric Motors ◽  
Electrical Networks ◽  
Higher Harmonic ◽  
Harmonic Components ◽  
Quality Of Electrical Energy ◽  
Asynchronous Electric Motors

Одним из направлений научно-технического прогресса на объектах морской индустрии является широкое использование технологий, основанных на нелинейных элементах, что позволяет значительно снизить их массогабаритные показатели и расшить их функциональные возможности. Однако применение таких технологий приводит к ухудшению качества электрической энергии, в первую очередь за счет высших гармонических составляющих напряжения и тока. В статье показана природа высших гармонических, выполнен анализ разделов «Правил классификации и постройки морских судов. 2021», российских и ряда зарубежных стандартов в области качества электроэнергии, регламентирующих уровень высших гармонических составляющих напряжения и тока в электрических сетях и системах. В работе приведены результаты теоретических и экспериментальных исследований влияния высших гармонических составляющих на функционирование судового электрооборудования: асинхронных электродвигателей, силовых кабелей, трансформаторов, конденсаторных батарей и систем освещения. Определены выражения, позволяющие оценить это влияние. Показано, что в основном это влияние проявляется: в дополнительном нагреве электрооборудования за счет поверхностного эффекта; вибрации асинхронных электродвигателей при высоких значениях 5 и 7 гармоник напряжения судовой электрической сети. One of the areas of scientific and technological progress at the facilities of the marine industry is the widespread use of technologies based on nonlinear elements, which can significantly reduce their weight-size parameters and dimensions and expand their functional capabilities. However, the use of such technologies leads to a deterioration in the quality of electrical energy, primarily due to higher harmonic components of voltage and current. The article shows the nature of higher harmonics, analyzes the sections of the «Rules for the Classification and Construction of Sea-Going Vessels. 2021», Russian and a number of foreign standards in the field of electric power quality, regulating the level of higher harmonic components of voltage and current in electrical networks and systems. The paper presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies of the influence of higher harmonic components on the functioning of shipboard electrical equipment: asynchronous electric motors, power cables, transformers, capacitor banks and lighting systems. Formulas have been determined to assess this effect. It is shown that the influence is mainly manifested: in additional heating of electrical equipment due to the skin effect; vibrations of asynchronous electric motors at high values of 5th and 7th voltage harmonics of the ship's electrical network.

Ground Transportation: Road and Rail

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Rez
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Peak Efficiency ◽  
Railroad Tracks ◽  
Air Resistance ◽  
Thin Structure ◽  
Main Disadvantage

Everything that rolls along the ground uses energy to overcome both rolling resistance and air resistance. Air resistance is more significant at higher speeds. Repeated accelerations dominate energy use in stop–start city driving. Not surprisingly, heavy, large SUVs use more energy to go a given distance than lighter, more streamlined cars. Due to the mismatch between the torque required and the rotation rate of the drive wheels, internal combustion engines in cars or trucks do not operate at their peak efficiency. Trains are the most efficient form of ground transportation due to both the lower rolling resistance of steel wheels on railroad tracks and the lower air resistance of its long and thin structure. A further advantage is that rail with fixed tracks can take advantage of the efficient generation of electrical energy. This is also obviously the main disadvantage; trains can only go where tracks have been laid.

scholarly journals Influence of technical and electrical equipment in life cycle assessments of buildings: case of a laboratory and research building

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hoxha ◽  
D. Maierhofer ◽  
M.R.M Saade ◽  
A. Passer
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Electronic Equipment ◽  
Detailed Result ◽  
Detailed Calculation ◽  
System Boundary ◽  
Operational Energy

Abstract Purpose A detailed assessment of the environmental impacts of the building requires a substantial amount of data that is time- and effort-consuming. However, limitation of the system boundary to certain materials and components can provide misleading impact calculation. In order to calculate the error gap between detailed and simplified assessments, the purpose of this article is to present a detailed calculation of the environmental impacts of the building by including in the system boundary, the technical, and electrical equipment. Method To that end, the environmental impacts of a laboratory and research building situated in Graz-Austria are assessed following the EN-15978 norm. Within the system boundaries of the study, the material and components of building fabric, technical, and electronic equipment for the building lifecycle stages of production, construction, replacement, operational energy and water, and end-of-life are considered. The input data regarding the quantity of materials is collected from the design and tendering documents, invoices, and from discussion with the head of the building’s construction site. Primary energy and global warming potential indicators are calculated on the basis of a functional unit of 1 m2 of energy reference area (ERA) per year, considering a reference building service life of 50 years. Results and discussion The primary energy indicator of the building is equal to 1698 MJ/m2ERA/year. The embodied impacts are found to be responsible for 28% of which 6.4% is due to technical and electronic equipment. Furthermore, the embodied impacts for the global warming potential, equal to 28.3 kg CO2e/m2ERA/year, are responsible for 73%. Together, technical and electrical equipment are the largest responsible aspects, accounting for 38% of the total impacts. Simplified and detailed result comparisons show a gap of 29% and 7.7% for global warming and primary energy indicators. These differences were from the embodied impacts and largely from the exclusion of electrical equipment from the study’s system boundary. Conclusions Technical and electrical equipment present a significant contribution to the overall environmental impacts of the building. Worthy of inclusion in the system boundary of the study, the environmental impacts of technical and electrical equipment must be calculated in detail or considered with a reliable ratio in the early design phase of the project. Further research is necessary to address the detailed impact calculation of the equipment and notably the minimization of their impacts.

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