scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGICAL STATE OF INDIVIDUALS IN SEEKING THE SELF: A CRITICAL STUDY OF 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr L Mayavan
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
Contemporary Theory ◽  
Social Growth ◽  
21St Century Literature ◽  
Century Literature

In psychology, personality crisis is the inability in adolescents to establish ego identification. The psychologist Erikson coined the term. Identity unity vs. function ambiguity is the stage of psycho-social growth in which identity conflicts arise. Psychological literary criticism had its base in the psychoanalytical thoughts put forward by Sigmund Freud. After Freud, some theories by Neo-Freudians such as Jung and Adler also became a part of it. Critics, who choose Psychological literary criticism, champion one particular psychological theory and apply it to works of all the authors. Considering this, Fromm's Humanistic Psychoanalysis has a lot of scope to be used as a theory for Psychological literary criticism. The current study aims to fill this gap in the psychological literature, linking Maslow’s theory to contemporary theory and research on personality and well-being.

Can a Theory of Suicide Predict All “Suicides” in the Elderly?

Crisis ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoon A. Leenaars
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Terminally Ill ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Theory Building ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
Suicide Notes ◽  
Psychiatric Study

Summary: Older adults consistently have the highest rates of suicide in most societies. Despite the paucity of studies until recently, research has shown that suicides in later life are best understood as a multidimensional event. An especially neglected area of research is the psychological/psychiatric study of personality factors in the event. This paper outlines one comprehensive model of suicide and then raises the question: Is such a psychiatric/psychological theory applicable to all suicides in the elderly? To address the question, I discuss the case of Sigmund Freud; raise the topic of suicide and/or dignified death in the terminally ill; and examine suicide notes of the both terminally ill and nonterminally ill elderly. I conclude that, indeed, greater study and theory building are needed into the “suicides” of the elderly, including those who are terminally ill.

Customer delight during a crisis: understanding delight through the lens of transformative service research

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald C. Barnes ◽  
Jessica Mesmer-Magnus ◽  
Lisa L. Scribner ◽  
Alexandra Krallman ◽  
Rebecca M. Guidice
Keyword(s):  
Critical Incident ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Service Research ◽  
Service Encounters ◽  
Need Fulfillment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Customer Delight ◽  
Service Experiences

PurposeThe unprecedented dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic has forced firms to re-envision the customer experience and find new ways to ensure positive service encounters. This context has underscored the reality that drivers of customer delight in a “traditional” context are not the same in a crisis context. While research has tended to identify hedonic need fulfillment as key to customer well-being and, ultimately, to invoking customer delight, the majority of studies were conducted in inherently positive contexts, which may limit generalizability to more challenging contexts. Through the combined lens of transformative service research (TSR) and psychological theory on hedonic and eudaimonic human needs, we evaluate the extent to which need fulfillment is the root of customer well-being and that meeting well-being needs ultimately promotes delight. We argue that in crisis contexts, the salience of needs shifts from hedonic to eudaimonic and the extent to which service experiences fulfill eudaimonic needs determines the experience and meaning of delight.Design/methodology/approachUtilizing the critical incident technique, this research surveyed 240 respondents who were asked to explain in detail a time they experienced customer delight during the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed their responses according to whether these incidents reflected the salience of hedonic versus eudaimonic need fulfillment.FindingsThe results support the notion that the salience of eudaimonic needs become more pronounced during times of crisis and that service providers are more likely to elicit perceptions of delight when they leverage meeting eudaimonic needs over the hedonic needs that are typically emphasized in traditional service encounters.Originality/valueWe discuss the implications of these findings for integrating the TSR and customer delight literatures to better understand how service experiences that meet salient needs produce customer well-being and delight. Ultimately, we find customer delight can benefit well-being across individual, collective and societal levels.

Angus Fletcher’s Other Literary Darwinism

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-108
Author(s):  
Joseph Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Review Essay ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Literary Scholarship ◽  
Negative Judgment ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Literary Darwinism ◽  
Patent Medicine

Abstract Angus Fletcher pitches his book to general readers. Though it consists of literary criticism, it is designed as a psychological self-help manual-literature as therapy. Fletcher's thera­peutic program is presented as an alternative to the kind of literary Darwinism that iden­tifies human nature as the basis for literature. He acknowledges the existence of human nature but aims at transcending it by promoting an Aquarian ethos of harmony and un­derstanding. He has some gifts of style, but the dominant voice in his stylistic blend is that of the shill hawking a patent medicine. He presents himself as a modern sage who reveals an ancient but long-lost technique for using literature to boost happiness and well-being. Each of his 25 chapters identifies a distinct literary technique and uses popularized neuro­science to describe its supposedly beneficial psychological effects. Fletcher’s chains of rea­soning are habitually tenuous, and his exposition is littered with factual errors that betray ignorance of the books, genres, and periods he discusses. Despite its shortcomings, Fletch­er’s book has received encomiums from prestigious researchers, including the psychologist Martin Seligman and the neuroscientist Antonio Damasio. In evaluating Fletcher’s rhetor­ical style, analytic categories, Aquarian ethos, historical self-narrative, pattern of reasoning, and literary scholarship, this review essay reaches a more negative judgment about the value of his book. As an alternative to Fletcher’s book, I recommend a few evolutionary literary works for general readers.

scholarly journals O ESTRANHO PÓS-MODERNO E A LUTA DE CLASSES NO FILME "QUE HORAS ELA VOLTA?".

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Castello Romero
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Bargaining Power ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Capitalist Society ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Zygmunt Bauman ◽  
Discursive Analysis ◽  
The Stranger ◽  
Individual Security ◽  
The Ideal

Sigmund Freud tratou do ideal de pureza na modernidade que, segundo Zygmunt Bauman, continua a ser perseguido na pós-modernidade, dessa vez às custas da segurança individual. O “estranho” é o resto dessa busca e destoa da ordem desejada pela classe dominante, insistindo em se escrever nas formações discursivas, mesmo que seja em um lugar marginal; ele é sempre convidado a dar mais de si em troca daquilo que está à disposição da elite. Freud dizia que há sempre um preço a ser pago na busca pelos ideais de bem-estar, mas o poder de barganha de alguns é maior que o de outros. Esse artigo propõe uma articulação da teoria de Bauman sobre a pós-modernidade, principalmente o conceito de “estranho”, com os referenciais da Análise do Discurso Pêcheutiana. Essa articulação serviu de base para uma análise discursiva de alguns trechos do filme “Que horas ela volta” (2015), da diretora Anna Muylaert, escolhido por evidenciar o lugar do estranho na sociedade capitalista. Abstract:Sigmund Freud dealt with the ideal of purity in modernity which, according to Zygmunt Bauman, continues to be pursued in postmodernity, this time at the expense of individual security. The "stranger" is the rest of this search and dissociates of the order desired by the ruling class, insisting on writing in discursive formations, even if it is in a marginal place; He is always invited to give more of himself in exchange for what is available to the elite. Freud said that there is always a price to be paid in pursuit of the ideals of well-being, but the bargaining power of some is greater than that of others. This article proposes an articulation of Bauman's theory on postmodernity, especially the concept of "strange", with the referents of the Analysis of the Pêcheutian Discourse. This articulation served as the basis for a discursive analysis of some passages from the film "Que horas ela volta" (2015) by director Anna Muylaert, chosen to highlight the place of the stranger in capitalist society.

scholarly journals Risk perception and psychological state of healthcare workers in referral hospitals during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Migisha ◽  
Alex Riolexus Ario ◽  
Benon Kwesiga ◽  
Lilian Bulage ◽  
Daniel Kadobera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Referral Hospitals

Abstract Background Safeguarding the psychological well-being of healthcare workers (HCWs) is crucial to ensuring sustainability and quality of healthcare services. During the COVID-19 pandemic, HCWs may be subject to excessive mental stress. We assessed the risk perception and immediate psychological state of HCWs early in the pandemic in referral hospitals involved in the management of COVID-19 patients in Uganda. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey in five referral hospitals from April 20–May 22, 2020. During this time, we distributed paper-based, self-administered questionnaires to all consenting HCWs on day shifts. The questionnaire included questions on socio-demographics, occupational behaviors, potential perceived risks, and psychological distress. We assessed risk perception towards COVID-19 using 27 concern statements with a four-point Likert scale. We defined psychological distress as a total score > 12 from the 12-item Goldberg’s General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). We used modified Poisson regression to identify factors associated with psychological distress. Results Among 335 HCWs who received questionnaires, 328 (98%) responded. Respondents’ mean age was 36 (range 18–59) years; 172 (52%) were male. The median duration of professional experience was eight (range 1–35) years; 208 (63%) worked more than 40 h per week; 116 (35%) were nurses, 52 (14%) doctors, 30 (9%) clinical officers, and 86 (26%) support staff. One hundred and forty-four (44%) had a GHQ-12 score > 12. The most common concerns reported included fear of infection at the workplace (81%), stigma from colleagues (79%), lack of workplace support (63%), and inadequate availability of personal protective equipment (PPE) (56%). In multivariable analysis, moderate (adjusted prevalence ratio, [aPR] = 2.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2–4.0) and high (aPR = 3.8, 95% CI 2.0–7.0) risk perception towards COVID-19 (compared with low-risk perception) were associated with psychological distress. Conclusions Forty-four percent of HCWs surveyed in hospitals treating COVID-19 patients during the early COVID-19 epidemic in Uganda reported psychological distress related to fear of infection, stigma, and inadequate PPE. Higher perceived personal risk towards COVID-19 was associated with increased psychological distress. To optimize patient care during the pandemic and future outbreaks, workplace management may consider identifying and addressing HCW concerns, ensuring sufficient PPE and training, and reducing infection-associated stigma.

scholarly journals The impact of social media on young web users’ psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic progression

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (39) ◽  
pp. 50-61
Author(s):  
Alisar Hudimova ◽  
Ihor Popovych ◽  
Vita Baidyk ◽  
Olena Buriak ◽  
Olha Kechyk
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

Aim. The present study empirically investigates and theoretically substantiates the results of the impact of social media on young web-users’ psychological well-being during the forced self-isolation caused by the progression of the COVID-19 pandemic (N = 254). Materials and methods. Standardized valid psycho-diagnostic methods, the author’s questionnaire (A. Hudimova, 2021), correlation and factor analyses were used to identify young web users’ patterns of social media involvement during the forced self-isolation. Results. The results show that during the global COVID-19 pandemic, young web users give preference for passive social media use rather than for communication. The obtained results showed an expansion in the time spent via social media by young web users. It was found that the progression of the COVID-19 pandemic is accompanied by the participants’ experience of negative emotions and fears of the unknown (r = .204; p <.01). It is substantiated that increasing immersion of young web users in social media is a kind of strategy to escape from bad thoughts (r = .271; p <.01). Significantly, it is stated that uncontrolled use of social media causes sleep disorders during isolation (r = .444; p <.01). Conclusions. The study proves that young people spend almost all day online due to the obsessive pattern of social media involvement and/or procrastination, which often provokes withdrawal syndrome upon the attempt to distract from them. The lack of controlled time spending on social media during self-isolation provokes an exacerbation of anxiety, apathy, depressed mood, and a sense of isolation from social reality. The obtained results provide evidence that the causal relations of passive social media use provoke an exacerbation of feelings of alienation, disrupt the healthy rhythm of sleep, and psychological state of young web-users during the progression of the COVID-19 pandemic.

The impact of actual and perceived disease severity on pre-operative psychological well-being and illness behaviour in adult congenital heart disease patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Callus ◽  
Elisabeth M. W. J. Utens ◽  
Emilia Quadri ◽  
Cristian Ricci ◽  
Mario Carminati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Illness Behavior ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Illness Behaviour ◽  
Psychological Well Being

AbstractObjectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the objective medical parameters related to congenital heart disease and patients’ ratings of cardiac disease severity were related to psychological well-being and illness behaviour during the pre-operative period.Methods: A total of 143 patients (63 male patients; 16–73 years old) with congenital heart disease evaluated the severity of their cardiac condition using a numerical rating scale ranging from 0, indicating the least severe condition, to 100, indicating the most severe condition. Psychological well-being was assessed using the Psychological General Well-Being Index (total score ≤60 indicating severe distress) and illness behaviour using the Illness Behavior Questionnaire.Results: Pre-operative psychological well-being was not related to the objective medical parameters reflecting cardiac disease severity. In contrast, total psychological well-being scores correlated significantly with patients’ subjective ratings of disease severity (p < 0.001). When compared with the reference values from the Italian population, the mean scores of the patients on psychological well-being were similar. As regards the Illness Behavior Questionnaire, the scores on denial were higher and those on hypochondria were lower compared with other hospitalised patients.Conclusions: This study shows that the perception of cardiac disease severity, and not the medical parameters in congenital heart disease, is related to the patients’ pre-operative psychological state. Thus, more importance needs to be given to assessing the patients’ pre-operative perception and psychological state independently of cardiac severity. Targeted interventions with regard to the cardiac condition are recommended.

scholarly journals Psychological Well-Being pada Santri Ngrowot Di PP. Haji Ya’qub Lirboyo Kota Kediri

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-224
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kurnia Mardhika ◽  
Beti Malia Rahma Hidayati
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Boarding Schools ◽  
Life Goals ◽  
Psychological Function ◽  
Religious Knowledge ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Psychological Processing ◽  
People Today

Islamic boarding schools do not only play a role in transferring religious knowledge, reconstructing character but also purifying the heart. This positive spirit needs to be explored by students through implementation to actualize themselves both physically and mentally. Students are also familiar with the practices and mindstreem traditions, including the traditions found in the Pondok Pesantren Haji Ya’qub (PPHY), which is named Ngrowot. Seeing the tradition of Ngrowot from the perspective of psychological well-being is very urgent because generally, people today assume that welll being is more to be a hedonic lifestyle. This study aims to examine the psychological well-being of Ngrowot implementation of the students at the Pondok Pesantren Haji Ya’qub (PPHY) which still exist although it is being a minority with demands and restrictions on eating the rice. Data obtained through interviews and observations then analyzed by using Islamic psychological theory and psychological well-being from Ryff. The results showed that there are four motives drive students in practicing Ngrowot: ; 1) ‘ulumiyyah, 2)‘amaliyyah, 3) dzuriyyah, and 4) maliyyah. Students who apply Ngrowot in PPHY have good psychological well-being with positive psychological function that is fulfilled. The implementation of Ngrowot shows the role of mental/ psychological processing in achieving life goals and finding psychological well-being which is a reflection of the religiosity and eudemonics welll-being concepts. So, Ngrowot can be a method of increasing psychological well-being based on cultural and Islamic-based

INFLUENCE OF EXAMINATION STRESS ON PSYCHOLOGICAL STATE AND HEMODYNAMIC INDICATORS ON FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS

Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 339-342
Author(s):  
А.М. Жукембаева ◽  
А. Есенханкызы ◽  
З.Т. Жумалиева ◽  
Д.Ж. Данабекова ◽  
К.А. Исаханова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
First Year ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
School Year ◽  
Examination Stress

Жалпы медициналық факультетінің 1 -курс 50 студентінің психологиялық жағдайы мен гемодинамикалық көрсеткіштерінің динамикасы зерттелді. Барлық қатысушылар жеке деректерді зерттеу және құпиялық бағдарламасына қатысуға ақпараттандырылған келісімге қол қойды. Талдау критерийлері САН тестінің нәтижелері ( көңіл - күй,белсенділік, сезімталдық). Импульсің жиілігі мен қан қысымы болды. Оқу жылының басында денсаулық, белсенділік және көңіл - күй шкаласы бойынша бағалар едәуір көп екендігі, ал жүрек соғу жиілігі мен қан қысымының көрсеткіштері емтихан қарсаңындағыдан аз екендігі анықталды. Алынған нәтижелер емтихан стрессінің әсерінен эмоциональды шиеленістің қарқындылығының артуы аясында психологиялық жағдайдың ғана емес, сонымен қатар соматикалық жағдайдың, атап айтқанда гемодинамикалық көрсеткіштердің теріс өзгерісі байқалғанын көрсетті. Бұл болашақта жүрек-қан тамыр ауруларының дамуына ықпал ететін фактор болуы мүмкін. The dynamics of the psychological state and hemodynamic indicators of 50 first-year students of the general medical faculty was studied. All participants signed informed consent to participate in the research and confidentiality of personal data. The criteria for the analysis were the results of the WAM test (well-being, activity, mood), pulse rate and blood pressure at the beginning of the school year and, directly, on the eve of the exam. It was found that at the beginning of the school year, the scores on the scales of health, activity and mood were significantly higher, and the indicators of pulse rate and blood pressure were significantly lower than on the eve of the exam. The results indicated that, amid increase in the intensity of emotional tension under the influence of examination stress, there was a negative change not only in the psychological state, but also in the somatic state, in particular, hemodynamic parameters, which may be a predisposing factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases in the future.

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