scholarly journals Cellulose-Based Nanofibril Composite Materials as a New Approach to Fight Bacterial Infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somaye Rashki ◽  
Neda Shakour ◽  
Zahra Yousefi ◽  
Marzieh Rezaei ◽  
Mina Homayoonfal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Global Challenge

Antibiotic resistant microorganisms have become an enormous global challenge, and are predicted to cause hundreds of millions of deaths. Therefore, the search for novel/alternative antimicrobial agents is a grand global challenge. Cellulose is an abundant biopolymer with the advantages of low cost, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. With the recent growth of nanotechnology and nanomedicine, numerous researchers have investigated nanofibril cellulose to try to develop an anti-bacterial biomaterial. However, nanofibril cellulose has no inherent antibacterial activity, and therefore cannot be used on its own. To empower cellulose with anti-bacterial properties, new efficient nanomaterials have been designed based on cellulose-based nanofibrils as potential wound dressings, food packaging, and for other antibacterial applications. In this review we summarize reports concerning the therapeutic potential of cellulose-based nanofibrils against various bacterial infections

scholarly journals Electrospinning Proteins for Wound Healing Purposes: Opportunities and Challenges

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Alma Akhmetova ◽  
Andrea Heinz
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Accelerate Wound Healing

With the growth of the aging population worldwide, chronic wounds represent an increasing burden to healthcare systems. Wound healing is complex and not only affected by the patient’s physiological conditions, but also by bacterial infections and inflammation, which delay wound closure and re-epithelialization. In recent years, there has been a growing interest for electrospun polymeric wound dressings with fiber diameters in the nano- and micrometer range. Such wound dressings display a number of properties, which support and accelerate wound healing. For instance, they provide physical and mechanical protection, exhibit a high surface area, allow gas exchange, are cytocompatible and biodegradable, resemble the structure of the native extracellular matrix, and deliver antibacterial agents locally into the wound. This review paper gives an overview on cytocompatible and biodegradable fibrous wound dressings obtained by electrospinning proteins and peptides of animal and plant origin in recent years. Focus is placed on the requirements for the fabrication of such drug delivery systems by electrospinning as well as their wound healing properties and therapeutic potential. Moreover, the incorporation of antimicrobial agents into the fibers or their attachment onto the fiber surface as well as their antimicrobial activity are discussed.

scholarly journals Use of Lemongrass Leaf Ethanol Extract for Developing Alginate Based Antibacterial Edible Films

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Alcohol Extract

Alginates extracted from brown seaweed have a variety of prospective applications such as thickeners, stabilizers, or restructuring agents. Due to its properties as a natural polysaccharide, alginate is very potential to be used as edible films for food packaging purposes. Edible films are developed for food protection being excellent barriers to gases but not to moisture. Incorporation of antimicrobial agents into edible film formulation can extend product shelf life and reduce the risk of pathogenic bacterial growth on food. Therefore, this study was aimed to develop an alginate based antibacterial edible film. Antibacterial agent extracted from lemongrass leaves using ethanol was employed. The study was conducted by varying the addition levels of lemongrass ethanol extract to the alginate based edible films, i.e. 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%. Before being added to the alginate based edible films, the lemongrass ethanol extract was investigated for its antibacterial activity. The edible films obtained were analyzed in terms of physical, mechanical and chemical and microbiological parameters, including thickness, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), brightness, tensile strength, elongation, moisture content, water solubility and antibacterial activity. Results showed that the higher addition levels of lemongrass ethanol extract tended to produce alginate based edible films with lower WVTR and brightness value as well as higher elongation, moisture content and water solubility. Edible film added with lemongrass ethanol extract resulted in this study demonstrated antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The addition of lemongrass alcohol extract at 0.5% was considered as a recommended concentration level for producing alginate based antibacterial edible films.

scholarly journals Electrospun antibacterial nanofibers for wound dressings and tissue medicinal fields: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (05) ◽  
pp. 2030012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhimei Wei ◽  
Liqun Wang ◽  
Shouyu Zhang ◽  
Tonghai Chen ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Electrospun Fibers ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Antibacterial Material

Bacterial infections are a major cause of chronic infections. Thus, antibacterial material is an urgent need in clinics. Antibacterial nanofibers, with expansive surface area, enable efficient incorporation of antibacterial agents. Meanwhile, structure similar to the extracellular matrix can accelerate cell growth. Electrospinning, the most widely used technique to fabricate nanofiber, is often used in many biomedical applications including drug delivery, regenerative medicine, wound healing and so on. Thus, this review provides an overview of all recently published studies on the development of electrospun antibacterial nanofibers in wound dressings and tissue medicinal fields. This reviewer begins with a brief introduction of electrospinning process and then discusses electrospun fibers by incorporating various types of antimicrobial agents used as in wound dressings and tissue. Finally, we finish with conclusions and further perspectives on electrospun antibacterial nanofibers as 2D biomedicine materials.

scholarly journals Design, Overproduction and Purification of the Chimeric Phage Lysin MLTphg Fighting against Staphylococcus aureus

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1587
Author(s):  
Feng Wang ◽  
Xiaohang Liu ◽  
Zhengyu Deng ◽  
Yao Zhang ◽  
Xinyu Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics ◽  
Phage Lysin ◽  
Shed Light

With the increasing spread of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens, it is of great importance to develop alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Here, we report the generation of a chimeric phage lysin, MLTphg, which was assembled by joining the lysins derived from Meiothermus bacteriophage MMP7 and Thermus bacteriophage TSP4 with a flexible linker via chimeolysin engineering. As a potential antimicrobial agent, MLTphg can be obtained by overproduction in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells and the following Ni-affinity chromatography. Finally, we recovered about 40 ± 1.9 mg of MLTphg from 1 L of the host E. coli BL21(DE3) culture. The purified MLTphg showed peak activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538 between 35 and 40 °C, and maintained approximately 44.5 ± 2.1% activity at room temperature (25 °C). Moreover, as a produced chimera, it exhibited considerably improved bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus (2.9 ± 0.1 log10 reduction was observed upon 40 nM MLTphg treatment at 37 °C for 30 min) and also a group of antibiotic-resistant bacteria compared to its parental lysins, TSPphg and MMPphg. In the current age of growing antibiotic resistance, our results provide an engineering basis for developing phage lysins as novel antimicrobial agents and shed light on bacteriophage-based strategies to tackle bacterial infections.

scholarly journals An Update on Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) and Their Delivery Strategies for Wound Infections

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viorica Patrulea ◽  
Gerrit Borchard ◽  
Olivier Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Clinical Phase ◽  
Delivery Strategies

Bacterial infections occur when wound healing fails to reach the final stage of healing, which is usually hindered by the presence of different pathogens. Different topical antimicrobial agents are used to inhibit bacterial growth due to antibiotic failure in reaching the infected site, which is accompanied very often by increased drug resistance and other side effects. In this review, we focus on antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), especially those with a high potential of efficacy against multidrug-resistant and biofilm-forming bacteria and fungi present in wound infections. Currently, different AMPs undergo preclinical and clinical phase to combat infection-related diseases. AMP dendrimers (AMPDs) have been mentioned as potent microbial agents. Various AMP delivery strategies that are used to combat infection and modulate the healing rate—such as polymers, scaffolds, films and wound dressings, and organic and inorganic nanoparticles—have been discussed as well. New technologies such as Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)-associated protein (CRISPR-Cas) are taken into consideration as potential future tools for AMP delivery in skin therapy.

Biogenic Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles and Their Antimicrobial Activities

2020 ◽  
pp. 216-233
Author(s):  
Snežana Radisavljević ◽  
Biljana Petrović
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Physiochemical Properties

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are widely used in biomedical applications, especially diagnostic and drug delivery. The antibacterial activity of nanoparticles depends on the dimensions of the particles. AuNPs may associate with the surface of the cell membrane and cause disorder such as respiration and permeability. The method of binding of particles for bacteria depends on their surface available for interaction. Smaller particles which have the larger surface area available for interaction will show better bactericidal effect than the larger particles. Useful antibacterial agents should also be toxic to various pathogenic bacteria with the ability to coat different surfaces like biomaterials, devices, textiles, food packaging, and so on. The biological and physiochemical properties of synthesized AuNPs have impact on the use of gold nanoparticles like antimicrobial agents, especially for water purification, as well as other biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Organoselenium Coating on Cellulose Inhibits the Formation of Biofilms by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 3586-3592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phat L. Tran ◽  
Adrienne A. Hammond ◽  
Thomas Mosley ◽  
Janette Cortez ◽  
Tracy Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Burn Victims ◽  
Surgical Wounds

ABSTRACT Among the most difficult bacterial infections encountered in treating patients are wound infections, which may occur in burn victims, patients with traumatic wounds, necrotic lesions in people with diabetes, and patients with surgical wounds. Within a wound, infecting bacteria frequently develop biofilms. Many current wound dressings are impregnated with antimicrobial agents, such as silver or antibiotics. Diffusion of the agent(s) from the dressing may damage or destroy nearby healthy tissue as well as compromise the effectiveness of the dressing. In contrast, the antimicrobial agent selenium can be covalently attached to the surfaces of a dressing, prolonging its effectiveness. We examined the effectiveness of an organoselenium coating on cellulose discs in inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation. Colony biofilm assays revealed that cellulose discs coated with organoselenium completely inhibited P. aeruginosa and S. aureus biofilm formation. Scanning electron microscopy of the cellulose discs confirmed these results. Additionally, the coating on the cellulose discs was stable and effective after a week of incubation in phosphate-buffered saline. These results demonstrate that 0.2% selenium in a coating on cellulose discs effectively inhibits bacterial attachment and biofilm formation and that, unlike other antimicrobial agents, longer periods of exposure to an aqueous environment do not compromise the effectiveness of the coating.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Substances for Food Packaging Products: The Current Situation

2018 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 942-947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Pellerito ◽  
Sara M Ameen ◽  
Maria Micali ◽  
Giorgia Caruso
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Food Container ◽  
Antimicrobial Substances ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Military Services ◽  
Specific Food

Abstract Antimicrobial substances are widely used in many anthropic activities, including sanitary and military services for the human population. These compounds are also known to be used in food production, agricultural activities, and partially correlated industrial sectors. However, there are concerns regarding the link between the abuse of antimicrobial agents in these ambits and the possible detection of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. Modern food and beverage products are generally found on the market as prepackaged units, with several exceptions. Consequently, positive and negative features of a specific food or beverage should be considered as the result of the synergic action of different components, including the container (or the assembled sum of packaging materials). At present, the meaning of food container also includes the creation and development of new packaging materials that are potentially able to interact with the contained food. “Active” packaging systems can be realized with antimicrobial substances. On the other hand, a careful evaluation of risks and advantages correlated with antimicrobial agents is needed because of possible negative and/or unexpected failures.

scholarly journals Azidothymidine Produces Synergistic Activity in Combination with Colistin against Antibiotic-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanmin Hu ◽  
Yingjun Liu ◽  
Anthony Coates
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Peritoneal Infection ◽  
Time Kill

ABSTRACT Bacterial infections remain a leading killer worldwide, which is worsened by the continuous emergence of antibiotic resistance. In particular, antibiotic-resistant Enterobacteriaceae are prevalent and extremely difficult to treat. Repurposing existing drugs and improving the therapeutic potential of existing antibiotics represent an attractive novel strategy. Azidothymidine (AZT) is an antiretroviral drug which is used in combination with other antivirals to prevent and to treat HIV/AIDS. AZT is also active against Gram-negative bacteria but has not been developed for that purpose. Here, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of AZT in combination with colistin against antibiotic-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, including strains producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) or New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase 1 (NDM) or carrying mobilized colistin resistance (mcr-1). The MIC was determined using the broth microdilution method. The combined effect of AZT and colistin was examined using the checkerboard method and time-kill analysis. A murine peritoneal infection model was used to test the therapeutic effect of the combination of AZT and colistin. The fractional inhibitory concentration index from the checkerboard assay demonstrated that AZT synergized with colistin against 61% and 87% of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, respectively, 100% of NDM-1-producing strains, and 92% of mcr-1-producing E. coli strains. Time-kill analysis demonstrated significant synergistic activities when AZT was combined with colistin. In a murine peritoneal infection model, AZT in combination with colistin showed augmented activities of both drugs in the treatment of NDM-1 K. pneumoniae and mcr-1 E. coli infections. The AZT and colistin combination possesses a potential to be used coherently to treat antibiotic-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections.

scholarly journals Novel Route of Synthesis of PCL-CuONPs Composites With Antimicrobial Properties

Dose-Response ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 155932581986950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Muñoz-Escobar ◽  
Álvaro de Jesús Ruíz-Baltazar ◽  
Simón Yobanny Reyes-López
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Copper Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Nanoporous Structure ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Low Concentrations

Nanoparticles of metals can be toxic to bacteria, showing biocidal activities at low concentrations. Metal, oxide, or compounds based on copper are applied like antimicrobial agents. The capacity of integration of metallic nanoparticles in polymer matrices has improved the antimicrobial behavior, resulting in the search for composites with increased bactericidal properties. A polycaprolactone (PCL) film polymer with copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) was prepared. Dynamic light scattering analysis showed the sizes from 88 to 97 nm of CuONPs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed CuONPs with semispherical shapes with diameter 35 nm. The prepared PCL-CuONPs exhibited a nanoporous structure by SEM. The antibacterial applicability of the composite was evaluated to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration in 6 different bacteria and the experimental tests were carried by disk diffusion and spectrophotometric methods. The PCL-CuONPs exhibit a considerable antibacterial effect in gram-positive bacteria in contrast to gram-negative bacteria. The preparation of PCL-CuONPs was simple, fast, and low cost for practical application as wound dressings.

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