scholarly journals Energy Efficiency and Pollution Control Through ICTs for Sustainable Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena G. Popkova ◽  
Agnessa O. Inshakova ◽  
Aleksei V. Bogoviz ◽  
Svetlana V. Lobova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
Technological Readiness ◽  
Readiness Level ◽  
Technical Readiness

The goal of this paper is to prove the necessity for a more thorough consideration and more active use of the modern ICTs for the technological support for the practical implementation of the SDGs’ ecological block in the aspect of the increase of energy efficiency and environmental pollution control. The originality of this paper is as follows: it develops a proprietary methodology of evaluating the technical readiness (level of the development of ICTs) for implementing the ecological block of the SDGs, which envisage the increase of energy efficiency and the growth of environmental pollution control. The highest (but moderate) technological readiness to implement the ecological block of the SDGs among developed countries has been shown by Canada (14.42 points) and Denmark (11.03 points), among developing countries—China (7.72 points). As a result, it has been proved that UCTs are a perspective tool of the practical implementation of the ecological block of the SDGs, stimulating the increase of energy efficiency and improving the environment pollution control. For developed countries, it is recommended to increase the use of Big data and AI analytics by 90.36% and increase the use of ICTs in E-government by 89.74%. This will allow achieving the growth of energy efficiency by 8.28% and the decrease of environmental pollution by 28.41%. In developing countries, it is recommended to increase world robots distribution by 14.17% and increase the use of ICTs in E-government by 76.74%. This will allow increasing the energy efficiency by 16.77% and decreasing the level of environmental pollution by 15.54%. This paper’s contribution to literature (innovative aspect of research) consists in filling the gap of the uncertainty (underdevelopment) of the tools for practical implementation of the SDGs ecological block. This paper has demonstrated the substantial potential of ICTs in the stimulation of the growth of energy efficiency and reduction of environmental pollution in developed and developing countries.

scholarly journals Technology Aspects of E-Government Readiness in Developing Countries: A Review of the Literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mustafa Omar M. Baeuo ◽  
Nor Zairah Binti Ab. Rahim ◽  
Asma Ali Mosa Alaraibi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Government Services ◽  
Technological Readiness ◽  
Government Project ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Effective Use

The rapid global growth of the Internet and information technology has inspired many governments to transform their traditional services into electronic ones. Many governments are now developing, implementing and improving their strategies to transform government services using information and communication technologies (ICTs). E-Government, as it is known, has become a popular focus of government efforts in many developed countries and, more recently, in several developing countries. Further, e-government services have become a significant and active means for interaction among government, citizens and businesses. E-government comprises several dimensions, one of the main ones being e-government readiness. To put technology to effective use, a government must be “ready”. E-government readiness helps a government to measure its stages of readiness, identify its gaps, and then redesign its government strategy. One of the aspects of e- government readiness is that of technological readiness, which plays an important role in implementing an effective and efficient e- government project. This paper explores the gaps in current knowledge relating to the technological aspects of e-government readiness through the conduct of a literature review. In particular, the review focuses on the models and frameworks that have been developed to assess e-government readiness.

scholarly journals Empirical Investigation of Barriers and Driving Forces for Efficient Energy Management Practices in Non-Energy-Intensive Manufacturing Industries of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2671 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. M. Monjurul Hasan ◽  
Rakib Hossain ◽  
Rashedul Amin Tuhin ◽  
Taiyeb Hasan Sakib ◽  
Patrik Thollander
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Intensive Industries

Improved energy efficiency is being considered as one of the significant challenges to mitigating climate change all over the world. While developed countries have already adopted energy management and auditing practices to improve energy efficiency, the developing countries lag far behind. There are a limited number of studies which have been conducted in the context of developing countries, which mostly revolve around highly energy-intensive sectors. This study looks into the existence and importance of the challenges to and motivating forces for the adoption of energy management practices in Bangladesh, a developing country, focusing on the non-energy-intensive manufacturing industries. Conducted as a multiple case study, the results indicate the existence of several barriers towards adopting and implementing the management of energy practices in the non-energy-intensive industries of Bangladesh, where among them, “other preferences for capital venture” and “inadequate capital expenditure” are the most dominant. This study also identified a number of driving forces that can accelerate the acceptance of energy efficiency practices, such as the demands from the owner, loans, subsidies, and a lowered cost–benefit ratio. Findings of this study could assist the concerned stakeholders to develop beneficial policies and a proper regulatory framework for the non-energy-intensive industries of developing countries like Bangladesh.

scholarly journals A Systematic Overview of Soft Actuators for Robotics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinar Boyraz ◽  
Gundula Runge ◽  
Annika Raatz
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Technological Readiness ◽  
Shape Morphing ◽  
Readiness Level ◽  
Comprehensive Comparison ◽  
Soft Actuators

In this systematic survey, an overview of non-conventional and soft-actuators is presented. The review is performed by using well-defined performance criteria with a direction to identify the exemplary applications in robotics. In addition to this, initial guidelines to measure the performance and applicability of soft actuators are provided. The meta-analysis is restricted to four main types of soft actuators: shape memory alloys (SMA), fluidic elastomer actuators (FEA), dielectric electro-activated polymers (DEAP) and shape morphing polymers (SMP). In exploring and comparing the capabilities of these actuators, the focus was on seven different aspects: compliance, topology, scalability-complexity, energy efficiency, operation range, performance and technological readiness level. The overview presented here provides a state-of-the-art summary of the advancements and can help researchers to select the most convenient soft actuators using the comprehensive comparison of the performance criteria.

scholarly journals Environmental Challenges of Digital Transformation in Developing Countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Data Use ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Ict Adoption

This rapid review synthesises the literature on the environmental risks of four different aspects of digital transformation in developing countries: ICT adoption, digitally-enabled energy efficiency, ride-hailing apps, and big data use. The overall message which runs throughout the diverse literatures and results is that it is not digital technologies that create environmental risks or opportunities, but how they are used. Efficiency gains derived from digital transformation may yet lead developing countries down existing unsustainable development paths if not accompanied by careful, context-dependent policy. For policy-makers seeking to mitigate environmental risks, this means putting the context of digital use at the centre of analysis rather than the technologies themselves. However, the research literature covers more specific aspects of digital transformation. In practice, this report defines digital transformation as: ICT adoption, digitally-enabled energy efficiency, ride-hailing apps, and big data use. These topics were chosen after an initial scoping review of available literature, and because they exemplify a range of the different types of potential digital effects. The literature on the environmental risks of digital transformation is huge and conflicting. This is problematic because it could be easy to cherry pick preferred research results. Several studies noted that there is less research on developing countries than developed countries, but the evidence base is still large. As an evidence review, this report focused on the academic literature, but there is also a large grey literature. Some of the literature has a gender aspect, not covered in this report.

Willingness to Pay for Energy Efficient Refrigerating Appliances in Accra, Ghana: A Choice Experiment Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-39
Author(s):  
Michael Asinyaka
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
End Use ◽  
Monetary Savings

Abstract The use of energy efficient refrigerating appliances in the domestic sector holds promise for savings on energy, CO2 emissions and CFC leakages, and more so for developing countries than for developed countries. However, the low saliency of energy efficiency and monetary savings impedes the uptake of energy efficient appliances by end-use consumers and suppliers of residential appliances. Moreover, there is the lack of information on how consumers value different refrigerating appliances and appliance features as well as how much they are willing to pay for same. Applying a choice experiment approach, this paper valued consumers’ preferences for energy efficient refrigerating appliances and found that willingness to pay (WTP) is significant and positive at GH¢3,078.12 ($690). However, evidence of the influence of socio-demographics on WTP and preferences is inconclusive.

scholarly journals An Optimal Pollution Control Model for Environmental Protection Cooperation between Developing and Developed Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyuan Liu ◽  
Jing Zhu ◽  
Yibin Zhang ◽  
Xiding Chen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Control Model ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Common But Differentiated Responsibilities ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

With the continuous increase in greenhouse gas emissions in the world and the United States announcing withdrawal from the Paris Agreement, the conflicts between environmental protection and economic growth of developing and developed countries have become increasingly challenging. In this paper, following the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities” specified in the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement, we develop an optimal pollution control model based on a dynamic system for both developing and developed countries. We analyze how different perspectives of the developing and developed countries affect their investments in pollution control and how to determine their responsibilities based on the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities. Our aim is to obtain a stable equilibrium mechanism to maximize the social welfare between the developing and developed countries and explore the optimal pollution control and economic growth path. Our results show that it is optimal for the developed countries to help developing countries with pollution control in their initial stage of economic growth. Once the developing countries reach a certain economic development level, they can contribute more to pollution control, while the developed countries can reduce their environmental investment. We show that by following this optimal path, the developing and developed countries can effectively control environment pollution without significant loss of social welfare.

Optimization of Russia’s international reserves structure: Theoretical approaches, practical implementation

2017 ◽  
pp. 64-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Ivanchenko
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
International Reserves ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Unequal Exchange ◽  
Theoretical Approaches

The article analyzes the transformation of theoretical principles that underlie the formation of the international reserves structure over the past few centuries. It is concluded that these principles are based on the postulates of different schools of economic thought that perpetuate unequal exchange of goods in international trade, stimulate export of raw materials from developing countries and accumulation of international reserves, and also contribute to improving the level of consumption in developed countries. In addition, the article presents the results of studying the structure of Russia’s international reserves portfolio using the method of H. Markowitz. The implementation of this approach would make it possible to increase the income generated by the Russian reserves, and reduce the risk of fluctuations in their value.

Does Domestic Energy Consumption Affect GDP of a Country? A Panel Data Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somesh K. Mathur ◽  
Sohini Sahu ◽  
Ishita Ghoshal ◽  
Kanak Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Per Capita

The present study is an attempt to test the relationship between energy consumption, energy efficiency, CO2 Emissions and economic growth for a set of some developed, transition and developing counties. For this purpose, panel data on various factors of GDP growth has been taken for 18 developing, 16 transition and 18 developed countries from 1980–2013. The paper uses the variant of Solow model to provide the economic justification behind the econometric estimation of regression model which includes energy consumption per capita, CO2 emissions and energy efficiency as one of the independent variables affecting GDP growth of a country, among others. To estimate the regression model, the study uses various panel data estimation methodologies such as: panel data cointegration, panel causality (assuming homogeneous and heterogeneous panels), panel VECM, panel VAR and panel data ARDL and SURE. The results help us to find out he short run and long-run relationship between the policy variables. The paper also tests the direction of causality between energy consumption and GDP and per capita GDP growth by working on the following hypotheses:(a) Neutrality Hypothesis, which holds that there is no causality (neither direction) between these two variables; (b) Energy conservation hypothesis, which holds that there is evidence of unidirectional causality from GDP growth to energy consumption; (c)Growth hypothesis, energy consumption drives GDP growth; and (d) Feedback hypothesis, which suggests a bidirectional causal relationship between energy consumption and GDP growth. S-shaped relationship between energy consumption and per capita GDP is also tested by hypothesizing that with high GDP, first energy consumption increases at an increasing rate and then increases at a decreasing rate. The overall conclusion emerges from the analysis is that per capita energy consumption has a negative impact on growth of per capita GDP in developing countries and transition economies but positive impact in case of developed countries. This may be due to the fact that in developed nations, the energy consumption expenditures may be more devoted to technological progress in alternative source of oil like shell gas or in expenditures related to renewable energy intensive technological products. The developing and transition countries although trying to put efforts in increasing expenditures in alternative energy sources like non-renewable, oil consumption still seem to not have many alternatives sources of energy. Therefore, reducing oil expenditures tend to promote growth among developing countries. Growth, Energy Conservation and Feedback hypotheses tend to work for developed, transition and developing countries. Also, the direction of causality may run from growth per capita to energy consumption depicting a S-shaped relation signifying that as society matures energy consumption increases but at a decreasing rate.

scholarly journals FISCAL POLICY DIRECTIONS OF SMALL ENTERPRISES AND ANTI-CRISIS MEASURES ON MODERN STAGE: DURING THE TRANSFORMATION OF GEORGIA TO THE EU

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Abuselidze
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Direct Definition ◽  
Business Structures ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Medium Businesses

The paper is aimed to determine the optimality of taxation, that can be used to plan and implement effective anti-crisis measures. Objective is not to define or diagnose crisis and suggest strategies, but to offer methodologies, that can be used to determine the influence of formal and informal institutions of company’s ongoing activities. To develop recommendations for avoiding business crisis situation and support its development. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is the main provisions of the market economy, legislative and regulatory acts of Georgia and foreign countries, statistical data of Georgia, the global risks report, government bodies and business structures in this field. In the process of analysis of the actual material, together with the general scientific method of research, is used: systemic analysis, comparative analysis of scientific literature, statistical analysis, analogy and other methods. As a result of researches it is established that developed countries emphasize the importance of fairness, while developing countries are mainly focused on mobilizing budget revenues and lesser consideration of fair taxation principles, since the tax system performs a fiscal function more effectively than developing countries. In our opinion, the main idea of tax policy should be the optimal distribution of tax literacy on the basis of a direct definition of income of taxpayers or progressive taxation. Practical implementation of the proposed proposals will facilitate further improvement of the social climate in the country, revitalize small and medium businesses, and solve the problem of employment in the country.

scholarly journals CO2 emissions determinants: The case of the Union for the Mediterranean (UfM) countries

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Esseghir
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Union For The Mediterranean

<p>Awareness of climate change dangers on environmental sustainability has prompted some researcher to understand the explanatory factors behind increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Being the most important anthropogenic GHG in the atmosphere and the main cause of the environmental degradation, this paper aims to investigate the factors that are associated with variations in CO2 emissions in the Union for the Mediterranean (UfM) countries from 1990 to 2010, in order to design and implement appropriate policies. We use the Dynamic Common Correlated Effects (DCCE) estimation method regarding its power in the presence of heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence between variables. We find that improvement in energy efficiency and increasing use of renewable energy would positively affect CO2 emissions abatement. However, economic growth and industrialization development affect it negatively. Country analysis shows that the negative effect of economic activity on CO2 appears more in developing countries. Industrialization negatively affects CO2 emissions - mainly in developed countries. The positive effect of renewable energy as well as energy efficiency in curbing CO2 emissions is well pronounced in developed countries. Results also prove that the UfM developed and developing countries illustrate complementarities and necessities of exchanging and sharing to fight against climate change.</p>

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