scholarly journals Leaders Inspiring the Next Generation of Citizen Scientists – An Analysis of the Predictors of Leadership in Birding

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Randler
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Field Trips ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Serious Leisure ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
The Social ◽  
University Degree

Citizen Science (CS) is a megatrend of the 21st century given its importance for nature conservation. CS projects dealing with birds often require knowledge and abilities to identify species. This knowledge is not easy to acquire and people often learn from leaders during field trips and lectures about birds. This emphasizes the need for leaders in ornithology. Although data of CS projects are increasing, less is known about people providing guidance and taking over leadership roles. In this study, leadership roles (leading field trips, giving lectures/presentations) are analyzed by studying demographic variables, birding specialization, and the social dimension of the involvement concept of serious leisure. Participants were recruited via many channels to cover a broad range of birdwatchers in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland who participated in the online survey. A total of 1,518 participants were men, 1,390 were women (mean age 47.7). Mean years of birding were on average 24.5. 845 persons lead at least one field trip, and 671 gave on lecture (in combination 991). Mean number of field trips led during the last 5 years was 13.43, mean number of presentations was 8.21. Persons that gave presentations also led field trips (Phi = 0.593, p < 0.001). However, there are still people that preferred leading field trips over lecturing and vice versa. Men more than women took over leadership roles. A binary logistic regression showed an influence of age, gender, and university degree. Social relatedness was related to being a leader, also birding skill/competence as well as self-report behavior of birding were significant predictors for leadership roles. Years of birdwatching and both commitment scales were not significant. The data indicate that more diversity in leadership roles might be beneficial with more women and younger persons.

Study on Awareness of COVID-19 and Compliance with Social Distancing during COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Mukhlis ◽  
Tria Widyastuti ◽  
Rully Afrita Harlianty ◽  
Susi Susanti ◽  
Desi Kumalasari
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
High School Graduates ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Primary Result ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Bonferroni Correction ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

To slow down the spread of COVID-19 public compliance on social distancing policy is required. One of the factors that contribute to compliance on social distancing policy is awareness on COVID-19. This study aimed to examine the relationship between awareness on COVID-19 and compliance with social distancing policy. This study used an online survey through Google Form to 404 respondents aged 18 to 63 years (Mean = 27.17, SD = 8.468). The data were collected by using awareness on the COVID-19 scale and compliance with the social distancing scale. The data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation and Kruskal Wallis, followed up by Mann-Whitney U with Bonferroni correction. Based on Spearman correlation, the awareness on COVID-19 was significantly and positively associated with compliance with social distancing order (r=.460, p<.01). Further analysis based on demographic variables found that the awareness on COVID-19 was significantly higher in postgraduates than high school graduates (U=7242.5, p<.01). The awareness on COVID-19 was also significantly higher in working participants than jobless participants. The compliance with social distancing order was found higher in women than men (U=12031.5, p<.01). The study's primary result is that the awareness on COVID-19 positively correlates with public compliance on social distancing order.

scholarly journals Legislators in Myanmar's First “Post-Junta” National Parliament (2010–2015): A Sociological Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renaud Egreteau
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Research ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
National Parliament ◽  
Social Composition ◽  
The Social ◽  
Record Data ◽  
University Degree ◽  
National Legislature

In an attempt to better grasp the realities of Myanmar's national legislature, which was formed after the 2010 elections, this paper examines the personal profiles and social backgrounds of its elected and appointed members. I have sought to record data on the social composition of Myanmar's first “post-junta” parliament and provide a dataset for further comparative research on the resurgence of legislative affairs in the country. The study draws on official publications containing the biographies of 658 national parliamentarians. Focusing on six socio-demographic variables, the findings suggest that the typical Burmese legislator still closely mirrors the conventional image of Myanmar's characteristic postcolonial leader: a man, in his mid-fifties, ethnically Bamar, Buddhist, holding a Myanmar university degree, engaged in business activities or in the education sector (in the case of the 492 elected legislators) or in the security sector (for the 166 military appointees). However, I argue that the profile of Myanmar's first post-junta legislature offers a quite unexpected level of diversity that may augur well for the emergence of a new civilian policymaking elite in Myanmar.

scholarly journals Bystanders’ Views on the Use of Automated External Defibrillators for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Implications for Health Promotions

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1241
Author(s):  
Susan Ka Yee Chow
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Automated External Defibrillators ◽  
Health Promotions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Widespread Availability ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Despite the widespread availability of automated external defibrillators, not everyone is enthusiastic about using them. The aim of this study was to examine the reasons for not using an automated external defibrillator (AED) and predictors of the reasons. The study had a cross-sectional design using an online survey. Data were collected in eighteen districts in Hong Kong to be representative of the city. The questionnaire consisted of questions on demographics, knowledge and attitude towards AED use, reasons for not using AED, and whether the kind of victim could affect the decision of the bystanders. There was a high significant correlation between knowledge and attitude, with r = 0.782 and p < 0.001. Of the respondents, 53.3% agreed that the kind of victim would affect their willingness to operate an AED. A binary logistic regression model revealed that a higher education (OR 6.242, 95% CI: 1.827–21.331), concern about the kind of victim involved (OR 2.822, 95% CI: 1.316–6.052), and a younger age were significant predictors of worrying about taking on responsibility in using AED. Other than knowledge, other barriers included a desire to avoid legal liability, and the kind of victim they encountered. Life experiences in adulthood could possibly affect the social responsibility and influence the behaviors of adults to operate AEDs.

Preferences for end-of-life care settings among the healthy population in Israel—Related socio-demographic variables

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yaira Hamama-Raz ◽  
Yael Cohen ◽  
Menachem Ben-Ezra
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Eol Care ◽  
At Home

Abstract Objective Preferences for end-of-life (EoL) care settings is of considerable interest for developing public health policy and EoL care strategies. Culture, the cause of illness, and background characteristics may impact preferences. The present study aimed to explore preferences for EoL care settings: homes, hospitals, and inpatient hospice units among the general healthy population in Israel. Possible associations between the setting preferences and socio-demographic characteristics were also examined. Method A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 311 healthy adults who were recruited through a representative internet panel of the Israeli population using the Israeli census sampling method. The sex ratio was almost 1:1 with 158 women (50.8%) and 153 men (49.2%). All participants completed self-report measures using an online survey system. The questionnaires assessed sociodemographics and preferences for EoL care settings. Results This survey revealed that 52.1% of the participants expressed preference for being cared for at home rather than in an inpatient hospice unit, 40.8% expressed being cared for at home rather than in a hospital, while 36.7% had no preference regarding being cared for in hospital or in a hospice unit. Among the socio-demographic variables, only age and gender were found to be significantly associated with preferences for EoL care settings. Significance of results The present study highlights the need to be cautious when regarding home as the preferred EoL care setting, as some individuals declared that they would prefer EoL hospice/hospital care. Age and gender should be considered when discussing and tailoring strategies regarding EoL preferences.

scholarly journals SKILLS TO BOOST INNOVATION - IN THE CONTEXT OF PUBLIC POLICIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-102
Author(s):  
Maria José Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Digital Skills ◽  
Critical Skills ◽  
Industrial Context

Innovation public policy has a vital role in influencing the competitive capacity of companies and is strongly associated with their ability to innovate and the way they are organized. As important as the technological and the organization of work is the social dimension, namely, involvement, participation, and commitment of the workforce, as these are, par excellence, factors that contribute to creating added value and differentiation for companies. In this sense, the concept of innovation depends on an integrated vision between the human dimension and the other multiple dimensions that innovation can assume. Public policies besides the goal of creating a more modern and competitive business and industrial context, also are focused on the development of the workforce, not only in digital skills but also in workplace skills. This type of skills contributes to creating a more innovative context and a culture of innovation. This article goal is to make a global overview of the innovation concept and innovation skills. Also, explicitly, the research aimed to identify the critical skills and disruptive digital skills in the sphere of innovative public policies. To this end, a literature review was conducted, and an online survey explored the main critical skills for the future and the disruptive digital skills contributing to the definition and implementation of public innovation policies.

scholarly journals Who are the future seaweed consumers in a Western society? Insights from Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 603-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawn Birch ◽  
Kåre Skallerud ◽  
Nicholas A. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Early Adopters ◽  
Health Consciousness ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Symbolic Value ◽  
University Degree

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to profile the consumers who are likely to eat seaweed products in Australia. Design/methodology/approach The study was conducted as an online survey among 521 Australian consumers. Binary logistic regression modelling was used to profile the consumers. Findings The paper identifies education, familiarity, food neophobia (FNeo), symbolic value of food consumption, health consciousness, as well as snacking behaviour as significant predictors of likelihood to eat seaweed products. Consumers with a university degree (i.e. undergraduates and postgraduates) are four times more likely to eat seaweed products, and those familiar with seaweed products have a 7.6 higher likelihood to eat seaweed products. FNeo makes the largest contribution to the consumer’s likelihood to eat seaweed. A one unit increase in the FNeo score is associated with a 77 per cent decrease in the predicted odds of eating seaweed products in the next 12 months. The symbolic value of food consumption and health consciousness both doubled the likelihood of eating seaweed products. Snacking behaviour increases the likelihood by 185 per cent. The study reveals that early adopters of seaweed food products in western societies are people with higher educational levels, who are adventurous in their food choices and perceive seaweed consumption to have symbolic value. They are also health conscious “snackers”. Originality/value This study is one of the first attempts to provide insights about consumption of seaweed products; and also reveals the consumer groups in western societies that are most likely to eat seaweed products and who can be targeted as potential early adopters.

Current Postvention Research and Priorities for the Future

Crisis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Andriessen ◽  
Dolores Angela Castelli Dransart ◽  
Julie Cerel ◽  
Myfanwy Maple
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Intercultural Collaboration ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Suicide Bereavement ◽  
Ethical Approval

Abstract. Background: Suicide can have a lasting impact on the social life as well as the physical and mental health of the bereaved. Targeted research is needed to better understand the nature of suicide bereavement and the effectiveness of support. Aims: To take stock of ongoing studies, and to inquire about future research priorities regarding suicide bereavement and postvention. Method: In March 2015, an online survey was widely disseminated in the suicidology community. Results: The questionnaire was accessed 77 times, and 22 records were included in the analysis. The respondents provided valuable information regarding current research projects and recommendations for the future. Limitations: Bearing in mind the modest number of replies, all from respondents in Westernized countries, it is not known how representative the findings are. Conclusion: The survey generated three strategies for future postvention research: increase intercultural collaboration, increase theory-driven research, and build bonds between research and practice. Future surveys should include experiences with obtaining research grants and ethical approval for postvention studies.

Psychometric Properties of the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory for Children (SPAI-C)

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Ogliari ◽  
Simona Scaini ◽  
Michael J. Kofler ◽  
Valentina Lampis ◽  
Annalisa Zanoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Child Anxiety ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Public Performance ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
The Social ◽  
General Populations

Reliable and valid self-report questionnaires could be useful as initial screening instruments for social phobia in both clinical settings and general populations. The present study investigates the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory for Children (SPAI-C) in a sample of 228 children from the Italian general population aged 8 to 11. The children were asked to complete the Italian version of the SPAI-C and the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analyses revealed that social phobia can be conceptualized as a unitary construct consisting of five distinct but interrelated symptom clusters named Assertiveness, General Conversation, Physical/Cognitive Symptoms, Avoidance, and Public Performance. Internal consistency of the SPAI-C total scores and two subscales was good; correlations between SPAI-C total scores and SCARED total scores/subscales ranged from moderate to high (Generalized Anxiety Disorder, for social phobia), with the SCARED Social Phobia subscale as the best predictor of SPAI-C total scores. The results indicate that the SPAI-C is a reliable and sensitive instrument suitable for identifying Social Phobia in the young Italian general population.

Does Dispositional Mindfulness Predict the Development of Grit?

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buaphrao Raphiphatthana ◽  
Paul Jose ◽  
Karen Salmon
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Dispositional Mindfulness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Acting With Awareness ◽  
Mindfulness Facets

Abstract. Grit, that is, perseverance and passion for long-term goals, is a novel construct that has gained attention in recent years ( Duckworth, Peterson, Matthews, & Kelly, 2007 ). To date, little research has been performed with the goal of identifying the antecedents of grit. Thus, in order to fill this gap in the literature, self-report data were collected to examine whether mindfulness, a mindset of being-in-the-present in a nonjudgmental way, plays a role in fostering grittiness. Three hundred and forty-three undergraduate students completed an online survey once in a cross-sectional study, and of these, 74 students completed the survey again 4.5 months later. Although the cross-sectional analyses identified a number of positive associations between mindfulness and grit, the longitudinal analysis revealed that the mindfulness facets of acting with awareness and non-judging were the most important positive predictors of grit 4.5 months later. This set of findings offers implications for future grit interventions.

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