scholarly journals Medicinal Plants and Isolated Molecules Demonstrating Immunomodulation Activity as Potential Alternative Therapies for Viral Diseases Including COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan A. Alhazmi ◽  
Asim Najmi ◽  
Sadique A. Javed ◽  
Shahnaz Sultana ◽  
Mohammed Al Bratty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Prevention And Cure

Plants have been extensively studied since ancient times and numerous important chemical constituents with tremendous therapeutic potential are identified. Attacks of microorganisms including viruses and bacteria can be counteracted with an efficient immune system and therefore, stimulation of body’s defense mechanism against infections has been proven to be an effective approach. Polysaccharides, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, and lactones are the important phytochemicals, reported to be primarily responsible for immunomodulation activity of the plants. These phytochemicals may act as lead molecules for the development of safe and effective immunomodulators as potential remedies for the prevention and cure of viral diseases. Natural products are known to primarily modulate the immune system in nonspecific ways. A number of plant-based principles have been identified and isolated with potential immunomodulation activity which justify their use in traditional folklore medicine and can form the basis of further specified research. The aim of the current review is to describe and highlight the immunomodulation potential of certain plants along with their bioactive chemical constituents. Relevant literatures of recent years were searched from commonly employed scientific databases on the basis of their ethnopharmacological use. Most of the plants displaying considerable immunomodulation activity are summarized along with their possible mechanisms. These discussions shall hopefully elicit the attention of researchers and encourage further studies on these plant-based immunomodulation products as potential therapy for the management of infectious diseases, including viral ones such as COVID-19.

Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic: An Insight into its pharmacology, Expository traditional uses and Extensive Phytochemistry

2020 ◽  
Vol 06 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Akbar Dar ◽  
Reyaz Hassan Mir ◽  
Roohi Mohi-ud-din ◽  
Prince Ahad Mir ◽  
Mubashir Hussain Masood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pharmacological Potential ◽  
Online Library

Introduction: Capsella bursa-pastoris(L.) Medic is a traditional herb of the genus Capsella with long-standing Pakistan, India, Iraq, Cyprus, Turkey, Iran, Azarbayjan, Europe, Saudi Arabia, China and many other regions of Asian countries ethnomedical records. Preliminary studies from the animal model have provided valuable scientific evidence for its use, also the novel bioactive compounds. Aim: This review aims to summarize the ethnopharmacology, selected scientific evidence on the pharmacological properties and phytochemistry of C. bursa-pastoris(L.) Medic over the past 38 years while identifying potential areas of further development of this herb as an economical adjunct. Methods: The review covers literature pertaining to the evidence based on ethnopharmacology, therapeutic potential, and phytochemistry of C. bursa-pastoris(L.) Medic spanning from 1980 to 2018 available on Non-English journals and English/Non-English- MS worldwide accepted scientific databases via electronic search (Elsevier, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Springer, Web of Science, Wiley online library) and Ph.D. thesis databases (e.g., CKNI-China, JAIRO-Japan, Shodhganga-India, Myto-Malaysia, etc.) Result: Evidence suggests that the extracts and some compounds from. bursa-pastoris(L.) Medic possesses antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, smooth muscles contraction, infertility, antioxidant, cardiovascular, sedative, hepatoprotective, acetylcholinesterase inhibitor properties. C. bursa-pastoris besides having pharmacological profile have a acceptable nutritional value also due to its novel bioactive compounds such as phytosterols, phenolics, flavonoids, fatty acids, organic acids, peptides, amino acids. Conclusion: Scientific evidence suggests that there is strong pharmacological potential in developing C. bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic as a drug to be used in the treatment of various disorders from antimicrobial to anticancer therapy. C. bursa-pastoris can be a rich source for the advancement of novel drugs to treat many human diseases due to wide range of chemical constituents present in the plant. Various ethno medical uses and phytochemicals responsible for these uses have not been evaluated yet to their fullest.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Potential of Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements in the Prevention of Viral Diseases: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saumya Singh ◽  
Prithwish Kola ◽  
Dalveer Kaur ◽  
Gisha Singla ◽  
Vibhu Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
The Body ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Nutrient Supplements ◽  
Optimal Functioning ◽  
Tract Infections

Nowadays, despite enormous scientific advances, viral diseases remain the leading cause of morbidity worldwide, and their potential to spread is escalating, eventually turning into pandemics. Nutrition can play a major role in supporting the immune system of the body and for the optimal functioning of the cells of the immune system. A healthy diet encompassing vitamins, multi-nutrient supplements, functional foods, nutraceuticals, and probiotics can play a pivotal role in combating several viral invasions in addition to strengthening the immune system. This review provides comprehensive information on diet-based scientific recommendations, evidence, and worldwide case studies in light of the current pandemic and also with a particular focus on virus-induced respiratory tract infections. After reviewing the immune potential of nutraceuticals based on the lab studies and on human studies, it was concluded that bioactive compounds such as nutraceuticals, vitamins, and functional foods (honey, berries, etc.) with proven antiviral efficacy, in addition to pharmaceutical medication or alone as dietary supplements, can prove instrumental in treating a range of virus-induced infections in addition to strengthening the immune system. Milk proteins and peptides can also act as adjuvants for the design of more potent novel antiviral drugs.

scholarly journals Phytochemical and Therapeutic Potential of Alstonia scholaris R. Br.- A Magical Traditional Plant

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Neeraj Bainsal ◽  
Pratibha Aggarwal ◽  
Kundan Singh Bora
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Alstonia Scholaris ◽  
The Family ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

Alstonia scholaris R.Br. commonly known as devil tree is a potential medicinal plant belongs to the family Apocynaceae. Endemic to the geographical areas like India, China and Bangladesh. From the ancient times it is an important medicinal plant containing medicinal potential viabilities to treat number of health condition such as stomach ache, diarrhea, abdominal disorders etc. using various preparations like decoctions, powders etc. Its parts can be administered for the treatment of various diseases. The morphological, organoleptic and microscopic characteristics are also established. It is reported to be rich source of alkaloids. Also, it contains chemical constituents like irioids, coumarins, sugars, oils, phenolics etc. The phytochemical constituents contained in each part are described in the present review. The plant was investigated by the scientists, researchers while performing the experiments on animals they concluded that the plant have pharmacological properties such as antimicrobial, antidiarreal, antitussive, antiasthmatic, immunostimulatory, antidiabetic etc. which are discussed in the article.

scholarly journals INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS USEFUL IN TREATMENT OF GOUT: A REVIEW FOR CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PROSPECTIVE

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhupinder Kapoor ◽  
Gagandeep Kaur ◽  
Mukta Gupta ◽  
Reena Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Indian Medicinal Plants

  Objective: The objective of this review is to collect and document information on the Indian medicinal plants with anti-gout potential.Methods: Bibliographic investigation was carried out by consulting worldwide scientific databases, analyzing Ayurvedic text books and research journals. The search terms were “gout,” “uric acid,” “hyperuricemia,” “xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitor and uricosuric.” Herbal keywords included “herbal medicine,” “medicinal plant,” “natural products,” “phytomedicine” and “phytotherapy.”Result and Conclusion: Medicinal plants have been used to treat various ailments since ancient times; hence, ethnobotanical investigations play an important role in pharmacological studies. In India, traditional medicines are being practiced for the treatment of gout and other rheumatic disorders from ancient time. This review provides a comprehensive summary of 130 Indian plants which have been mentioned in ancient literature or used traditionally for the treatment of gout. Out of these, 41 plants have been reported to possess XO inhibitory activity. Further, isolated phytoconstituents having promising XO inhibitor activity are also included in this review. Although a variety of medicinal plants with anti-gout potential have been found in the literature, there is limited information on evaluation of anti-gout activity of isolated phytoconstituents. The current review contains a detailed discussion of the potential of medicinal plants for treatment of gout.  

scholarly journals Investigating Therapeutic Potential ofTrigonella foenum-graecumL. as Our Defense Mechanism against Several Human Diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivangi Goyal ◽  
Nidhi Gupta ◽  
Sreemoyee Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Steroidal Saponin ◽  
Active Constituent ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Major Chemical

Current lifestyle, stress, and pollution have dramatically enhanced the progression of several diseases in human. Globally, scientists are looking for therapeutic agents that can either cure or delay the onset of diseases. Medicinal plants from time immemorial have been used frequently in therapeutics. Of many such plants, fenugreek is one of the oldest herbs which have been identified as an important medicinal plant by the researchers around the world. It is potentially beneficial in a number of diseases such as diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and inflammation and probably in several kinds of cancers. It has industrial applications such as synthesis of steroidal hormones. Its medicinal properties and their role in clinical domain can be attributed to its chemical constituents. The 3 major chemical constituents which have been identified as responsible for principle health effects are galactomannan, 4-OH isoleucine, and steroidal saponin. Numerous experiments have been carried outin vivoandin vitrofor beneficial effects of both the crude chemical and of its active constituent. Due to its role in health care, the functional food industry has referred to it as a potential nutraceutical. This paper is about various medicinal benefits of fenugreek and its potential application as therapeutic agent against several diseases.

Primordial science and pioneering approaches of guggul for chronic ailments – A modernized review

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Jamal Basha D ◽  
Kumar P R ◽  
Ranganayakulu D
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Lipids Metabolism ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
Conventional Dosage

An oleo gum resin guggulu is a product which obtained as a result of gummosis from the bark of Commiphora wightii (Arnott) Bhandari [syn. Commiphoramukul (Hook. Ex Stocks) Family, Burseraceae]. It has been known for its immense applicability in the Ayurveda since time immemorial for the treatment of variety of disorders such as inflammation, gout, rheumatism, impotence, leprosy, obesity, and disorders of lipids metabolism. It is a mixture of phytoconstituents like terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, guggultetrols, lignans, sugars, and amino acids. This review is an effort to compile all the information available on all of its chemical constituents which are responsible for its therapeutic potential, limitation of guggul extracts and the necessity of novel principles for gum guggul. Nowadays, Guggul is available as the marketed formulation for curing numerous clinical conditions and is accessible in combination with various other ingredients. Though conventional dosage form shows the dominance as patient compliance and easy availability, yet it has found to pose the problems like dose fluctuation, peak-valley effect, non-adjustment of the administered drug, invasiveness etc. Guggul lacks its desired effect due to its low bioavailability and water solubility. This makes it a partial or a deficient therapy for remedy of many signs and symptoms. Novel drug delivery system (NDDS), a new approach and has excluded many of drawbacks exhibited by conventional dosage forms. Some of the novel dosage forms of guggul has been formed like nanoparticles, nanovesicles, gugglusomes and proniosomal gel. But still, the novel formulations for guggul has its less outspread in the market. Guggul can be executed as a profitable drug using NDDS. There is a need to highlight the unidentified and unexplained facts about guggul so as to make it more efficacious and effective in terms of bioavailability and aqueous insolubility.

Natural Products: Experimental Efficient Agents for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (46) ◽  
pp. 4893-4913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Cao ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Bing-Xian Sha ◽  
Hai-Feng Pan
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Adaptive Immune System ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Intestinal Epithelia ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
The Individual

: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, elusive disorder resulting in relapsing inflammation of intestine with incompletely elucidated etiology, whose two representative forms are ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). Accumulating researches have revealed that the individual genetic susceptibility, environmental risk elements, intestinal microbial flora, as well as innate and adaptive immune system are implicated in the pathogenesis and development of IBD. Despite remarkable progression of IBD therapy has been achieved by chemical drugs and biological therapies such as aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, antibiotics, anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, anti-integrin agents, etc., healing outcome still cannot be obtained, along with inevitable side effects. Consequently, a variety of researches have focused on exploring new therapies, and found that natural products (NPs) isolated from herbs or plants may serve as promising therapeutic agents for IBD through antiinflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-fibrotic and anti-apoptotic effects, which implicates the modulation on nucleotide- binding domain (NOD) like receptor protein (NLRP) 3 inflammasome, gut microbiota, intestinal microvascular endothelial cells, intestinal epithelia, immune system, etc. In the present review, we will summarize the research development of IBD pathogenesis and current mainstream therapy, as well as the therapeutic potential and intrinsic mechanisms of NPs in IBD.

Oncogenic LncRNA CASC9 in Cancer Progression

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuying Qi ◽  
Chaoying Song ◽  
Jiali Zhang ◽  
Chong Guo ◽  
Chengfu Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Squamous Metaplasia ◽  
Neoplastic Transformation ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Human Cancers ◽  
Current Review

Background: Long non-coding RNA (LncRNAs), with the length over 200 nucleotides, originate from intergenic, antisense, or promoter-proximal regions, is a large family of RNAs that lack coding capacity. Emerging evidences illustrated that LncRNAs played significant roles in a variety of cellular functions and biological processes in profuse human diseases, especially in cancers. Cancer susceptibility candidate 9 (CASC9), as a member of the LncRNAs group, was firstly found its oncogenic function in esophageal cancer. In following recent studies, a growing amount of human malignancies are verified to be correlated with CASC9, most of which are derived from the squamous epithelium tissue. This present review attempts to highlight the latest insights into the expression, functional roles, and molecular mechanisms of CASC9 in different human malignancies. Methods: In this review, the latest findings related to the pathophysiological processes of CASC9 in human cancers were summarized and analyzed, the associated studies were collected in systematically retrieval of PubMed used lncRNA and CASA9 as keywords. Results: CASC9 expression is identified to be aberrantly elevated in a variety of malignancies. The over-expression of CASC9 has been suggested to accelerate cell proliferation, migration, cell growth and drug resistance of cancer cells, while depress cell apoptosis, revealing its role as an oncogene. Moreover, the current review demonstrated CASC9 closely relates to neoplastic transformation of squamous epithelial cells and squamous metaplasia in non-squamous epithelial tissues. Finally, we discuss the limitations and tremendous diagnostic/therapeutic potential of CASC9 in various human cancers. Results: CASC9 expression is identified to be aberrantly elevated in a variety of malignancies. The over-expression of CASC9 has been suggested to accelerate cell proliferation, migration, cell growth and drug resistance of cancer cells, while depress cell apoptosis, revealing its role as an oncogene. Moreover, the current review demonstrated CASC9 closely relates to neoplastic transformation of squamous epithelial cells and squamous metaplasia in non-squamous epithelial tissues. Finally, we discuss the limitations and tremendous diagnostic/therapeutic potential of CASC9 in various human cancers. Conclusion: Long non-coding RNACASC9 likely served as useful disease biomarkers or therapy targets that could effectively apply in treatment of different kinds of cancers.

Phytochemistry, Traditional Uses and Pharmacological properties of Enhydra fluctuans Lour: A Comprehensive Review.

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antica Barua ◽  
Muhammad Shaiful Alam ◽  
Md. Junaid ◽  
Yeasmin Akter ◽  
Syeda Samira Afrose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sesquiterpene Lactone ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Microbial Infection ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Cns Depressant ◽  
Isoflavone Glycoside ◽  
Online Library ◽  
Pharmacologically Active

Background: Enhydra fluctuans Lour, a tropical herb, commonly known as helencha or harkuch, belonging to family Asteraceae, and is an edible semi-aquatic herbaceous vegetable plant with serrate leaves, grows commonly in different parts of the world. Enhydra fluctuans possesses potential pharmacological role against inflammation, cancer, diarrhea, microbial infection, diabetes, and so on. Aim of the review: This review aims to provide the most current information on the botanical characterization, distribution, traditional uses, chemical constituents, as well as the pharmacological activities of Enhydra fluctuans Lour. Materials and methods: The recently updated information on Enhydra fluctuans was gathered from scientific journals, books, and worldwide accepted scientific databases via a library and electronic search (PubMed, Elsevier, Google Scholar, Springer, Scopus, Web of Science, Wiley online library. All of the full-text articles and abstracts related to Enhydra were screened. The most important and relevant articles were carefully chosen for study in this review. Results: Crude extracts and isolated compounds of Enhydra fluctuans Lour has been reported pharmacologically active against cytoprotective, analgesic and anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-diarrhoeal, antihelmintic, CNS depressant, hepatoprotective, thrombolytic, antidiabetic, anti-oxidant, phagocytic and cytotoxic, and neuroprotective potential activities. Discussion: Phytochemical analysis from different studies has reported Germacranolide, Sesquiterpene lactone, Flavonoid, Essential oil, Steroid, Diterpenoid, Melampolide, Sesquiterpene lactone, Isoflavone glycoside as major compounds of Enhydra fluctuans Lour. Conclusions: However, more research is important to explore the mode of action of bioactive components of the plant and its therapeutic capabilities.

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