scholarly journals Sinomenine Hydrochloride Ameliorates Fish Foodborne Enteritis via α7nAchR-Mediated Anti-Inflammatory Effect Whilst Altering Microbiota Composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayuan Xie ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Weidong Ye ◽  
Junwei Shan ◽  
Xuyang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Fish Diet ◽  
Lymphocyte Migration ◽  
16S Sequencing ◽  
Treg Population ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Sinomenine Hydrochloride ◽  
Anti Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Foodborne intestinal inflammation is a major health and welfare issue in aquaculture. To prevent enteritis, various additives have been incorporated into the fish diet. Considering anti-inflammatory immune regulation, an effective natural compound could potentially treat or prevent intestinal inflammation. Our previous study has revealed galantamine’s effect on soybean induced enteritis (SBMIE) and has highlighted the possible role of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in the fish gut. To further activate the intestinal cholinergic related anti-inflammatory function, α7nAchR signaling was considered. In this study, sinomenine, a typical agonist of α7nAChR in mammals, was tested to treat fish foodborne enteritis via its potential anti-inflammation effect using the zebrafish foodborne enteritis model. After sinomenine’s dietary inclusion, results suggested that there was an alleviation of intestinal inflammation at a pathological level. This outcome was demonstrated through the improved morphology of intestinal villi. At a molecular level, SN suppressed inflammatory cytokines’ expression (especially for tnf-α) and upregulated anti-inflammation-related functions (indicated by expression of il-10, il-22, and foxp3a). To systematically understand sinomenine’s intestinal effect on SBMIE, transcriptomic analysis was done on the SBMIE adult fish model. DEGs (sinomenine vs soybean meal groups) were enriched in GO terms related to the negative regulation of lymphocyte/leukocyte activation and alpha-beta T cell proliferation, as well as the regulation of lymphocyte migration. The KEGG pathways for glycolysis and insulin signaling indicated metabolic adjustments of α7nAchR mediated anti-inflammatory effect. To demonstrate the immune cells’ response, in the SBMIE larva model, inflammatory gatherings of neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes caused by soybean meal could be relieved significantly with the inclusion of sinomenine. This was consistent within the sinomenine group as CD4+ or Foxp3+ lymphocytes were found with a higher proportion at the base of mucosal folds, which may suggest the Treg population. Echoing, the sinomenine group’s 16s sequencing result, there were fewer enteritis-related TM7, Sphingomonas and Shigella, but more Cetobacterium, which were related to glucose metabolism. Our findings indicate that sinomenine hydrochloride could be important in the prevention of fish foodborne enteritis at both immune and microbiota levels.

scholarly journals Lateral membrane LXA4receptors mediate LXA4's anti-inflammatory actions on intestinal epithelium

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (4) ◽  
pp. C888-C896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Kucharzik ◽  
Andrew T. Gewirtz ◽  
Didier Merlin ◽  
James L. Madara ◽  
Ifor R. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Epitope Tag ◽  
Intestinal Epithelia ◽  
Truncation Mutant ◽  
Polarized Epithelia ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
G Protein Coupled ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Lipoxin A4(LXA4) and its stable analogs downregulate chemokine secretion in polarized epithelia. This anti-inflammatory effect has been suggested to be mediated by the LXA4receptor (LXA4R), a G protein-coupled receptor. To determine whether LXA4R is expressed on the apical, basolateral, or both poles of intestinal epithelia, an NH2-terminal c-myc epitope tag was added to the human LXA4R cDNA and recombinant retroviruses were used to transduce polarized epithelial cells. In polarized T84 intestinal epithelial cells, c-myc-LXA4R was preferentially expressed on the basolateral surface as indicated by cell surface-selective biotinylation and confocal microscopy. Furthermore, expression of c-myc-LXA4R and a truncation mutant lacking the cytoplasmic terminus was primarily confined to the lateral subdomain. We also observed that the expression of myc-LXA4conferred enhanced downregulation of IL-8 expression in response to LXA4analog and that blockade of the CysLT1 receptor by montelukast did not prevent this response to LXA4analog. Thus LXA4generated in or near the paracellular space via neutrophil-epithelial interactions can rapidly act on epithelial LXA4R to downregulate epithelial promotion of intestinal inflammation.

scholarly journals EFEK ANTIINFLAMASI INFUSA RIMPANG TEMU PUTIH (Curcuma zedoaria (Berg) Roscoe) PADA TIKUS YANG DIINDUKSI KARAGENIN

Biomedika ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanti Azizah Sujono ◽  
Raudatul Patimah ◽  
Ratna Yuliani
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Curcuma Zedoaria ◽  
Edema Volume ◽  
Group I ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anti Inflammation ◽  
Wistar Male Rats ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

In-flammation is the body’s reaction to foreign substances that enter the body with signs of redness, heat, swelling, pain, and impaired organ functions. Curcuma rhizome including medicinal plants that have properties relieve the pain and inflammation of the skin. The purpose of this research was to examine the anti-iflammation effect of Curcuma zedoaria (Berg) Roscoe Rhizome infusion on carrageenan induced paw edema in rats. This research used experimental method with completely randomized design. Twenty five healthy Wistar male rats, 2-3 months old and 150-250 g divided into five groups and each group consist of 5 rats. Rats in group I that served as negative control were given 2.5 mL/200gbw of aquadest. Rats in group II as positive control were given sodium diclofenac with dose of 6.75 mg/kgbw. Group III, IV, and V were given Curcuma zedoaria (Berg) Roscoe Rhizome infusion with dose of 0.625, 1.250 and 2.500 g/kgbw, respectively. Treatments were given per oral 1 hour before injection of 0.1 ml carrageenan 1% subplantar. Rat paw edema volume was measured before and after carrageenan injection. The measurement was done every 0.5 hour for 6 hours observation. Area Under the Curve (AUC) that is calculated from paw edema volume data, was use to calculate percentage of anti-inflammatory effect. Data were analyzed with one way Anova and Least Signifi cant Difference with confi dence level 95%. Infusion of Curcuma zedoaria Rhizome with doses of 0,625, 1,250, and 2,500 g/kgbw had anti-inflammatory effect in Wistar male rats which were induced by Carrageenan 1%. Percentage of anti-inflammation effect (44,16+5,11)%, (48,70+7,05)%, (59,09+9,61)% respectively and the effects were equivalent with positive control.Key words: Anti-inflammation, Curcuma zedoaria (Berg) Roscoe, infusion, Carrageenan.

scholarly journals P840 Immunomodulatory effects of two different postbiotics on primary human cell culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S650-S650
Author(s):  
A Mayorgas
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Organ Culture ◽  
Human Cell ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Human Cell Culture ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterised by chronic, relapsing intestinal inflammation with extensive damage of the colonic mucosa and a remarkable dysbiosis. Since the current treatments show limitations in the response of some patients and many of them are associated with important side effects, new and safer strategies are needed. Postbiotics are any soluble factor resulting from the metabolic activity of a live probiotic bacteria or any released molecule capable of providing health benefits through a direct or indirect mechanism. Nevertheless, the effects of certain postbiotics in the context of intestinal inflammation have not been extensively addressed. Our aim is to study the immunomodulatory properties of two different postbiotics on primary human cell culture and their protective effects on human intestinal ex vivo 2D culture. Methods Postbiotics from Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus and Lactobacillus paracasei Lpc-37 were obtained after the microbial culture of each bacterial strain. Supernatants were collected at OD600 = 0.6, filtered and frozen. Immunostimulatory, immunosuppressor or immunomodulatory effects of each postbiotic were tested in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from healthy donors (n = 4). PBMCs are a heterogenous cell population that includes myeloid as well as lymphoid immune cells. Postbiotics were used to assess whether bacterial metabolites could modulate the cytokine release in particular IL-12p40 and IL-10 by LPS-stimulated PBMC, mimicking innate immune activation. Dendritic cells (DCs) differentiated from isolated human monocytes were also stimulated with all postbiotics (n = 2) to study the innate-adaptive immune crosstalk by analyzing IL-10 and IL-12p70 secretion. Postbiotics stimulation was also performed in differentiated human intestinal epithelial monolayers derived from EpOCs (Epithelial Intestinal Organoids Cells) to analyse the outcome in an ex vivo organ culture. Results Postbiotics derived from S.thermophilus and Lpc-37 were able to increase the secretion of IL10 in both PBMCs and monocyte-derived DCs, while no change was shown in IL-12p40/IL-12p70 production. Interestingly, S. thermophilus also showed a ‘per se’ anti-inflammatory effect due to an increase of IL-10 in non-stimulated PBMCs. On the other hand, postbiotics were able to up-regulate MUC2 expression in the 2D organ culture while down-regulating LGR5. Conclusion Overall we conclude that the tested postbiotics show an immunomodulatory effect as well as important properties on intestinal epithelial-cells stemness and differentiation, being S. thermophilus the best candidate due to its remarkable anti-inflammatory effect in both stimulated and non-stimulated cells.

scholarly journals Lactoferrin Decreases the Intestinal Inflammation Triggered by a Soybean Meal-Based Diet in Zebrafish

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar E. Ulloa ◽  
Camila J. Solís ◽  
Javiera F. De la Paz ◽  
Trevor G. S. Alaurent ◽  
Mario Caruffo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Neutrophil Migration ◽  
Edwardsiella Tarda ◽  
Mucosal Barrier ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Dual Effect ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
General Immune Response

Intestinal inflammation is a harmful condition in fish that can be triggered by the ingestion of soybean meal. Due to the positive costs-benefits ratio of including soybean meal in farmed fish diets, identifying additives with intestinal anti-inflammatory effects could contribute to solving the issues caused by this plant protein. This study evaluated the effect of incorporating lactoferrin (LF) into a soybean meal-based diet on intestinal inflammation in zebrafish. Larvae were fed with diets containing 50% soybean meal (50SBM) or 50SBM supplemented with LF to 0.5, 1, 1.5 g/kg (50SBM+LF0.5; 50SBM+LF1.0; 50SBM+LF1.5). The 50SBM+LF1.5 diet was the most efficient and larvae had a reduced number of neutrophils in the intestine compared with 50SBM larvae and an indistinguishable number compared with control larvae. Likewise, the transcription of genes involved in neutrophil migration and intestinal mucosal barrier functions (mmp9,muc2.2, andβ-def-1) were increased in 50SBM larvae but were normally expressed in 50SBM+LF1.5 larvae. To determine the influence of intestinal inflammation on the general immune response, larvae were challenged withEdwardsiella tarda. Larvae with intestinal inflammation had increased mortality rate compared to control larvae. Importantly, 50SBM+LF1.5 larvae had a mortality rate lower than control larvae. These results demonstrate that LF displays a dual effect in zebrafish, acting as an intestinal anti-inflammatory agent and improving performance against bacterial infection.

scholarly journals New insights into the immunological effects of food bioactive peptides in animal models of intestinal inflammation

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 454-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fermín Sánchez de Medina ◽  
Abdelali Daddaoua ◽  
Pilar Requena ◽  
Fermín Capitán-Cañadas ◽  
Antonio Zarzuelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Bioactive Peptides ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Unknown Aetiology ◽  
Immunological Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Bioactive peptides have proven to be active in several conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This is a chronic and relapsing condition of unknown aetiology that comprises chiefly ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Although there are treatments for IBD, they have frequent side effects and they are not always effective; therefore there is a need for new therapies that could alleviate this condition. Two bioactive peptides present in milk (transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and casein macropeptide, also named glycomacropeptide) have been shown to have intestinal anti-inflammatory activities. In fact, TGF-β is currently added to formulas intended for patients with IBD, and several studies indicate that these formulas could induce clinical remission. In this paper, evidence supporting the anti-inflammatory effect of TGF-β and bovine glycomacropeptide, as well as their mechanisms of action, is reviewed, focusing on the evidence obtained in animal models.

scholarly journals Sweroside Alleviated LPS-Induced Inflammation via SIRT1 Mediating NF-κB and FOXO1 Signaling Pathways in RAW264.7 Cells

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Wang ◽  
Zhaoyue Dong ◽  
Xiaozhong Lan ◽  
Zhihua Liao ◽  
Min Chen
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Forkhead Transcription Factor ◽  
Mechanism Research ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anti Inflammation ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Pterocephalus hookeri was used as a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Sweroside was a main iridoid isolated from P. hookeri. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect mechanism of sweroside. In RAW264.7 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the abnormal proliferation, the NO content increase, and the downregulated Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) expression were observed. Sweroside could alleviate the inflammation by inhibiting cell proliferation through arresting the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase, by suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines and by promoting anti-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Further mechanism research indicated that sweroside could activate the SIRT1, then suppress the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and promote the Forkhead transcription factor O1 (FOXO1) signaling pathways. The present study indicated that sweroside may be the main anti-inflammatory constituent of P. hookeri and a promising candidate for anti-inflammation therapy.

scholarly journals Polymethoxyflavone Apigenin-Trimethylether Suppresses LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response in Nontransformed Porcine Intestinal Cell Line IPEC-J2

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orsolya Farkas ◽  
Orsolya Palócz ◽  
Erzsébet Pászti-Gere ◽  
Péter Gálfi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Intestinal Cell ◽  
Amplex Red ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Thein vitroanti-inflammatory effect of apigenin and its trimethylated analogue (apigenin-trimethylether) has been investigated in order to evaluate whether these flavonoids could attenuate LPS-induced inflammation in IPEC-J2 non-transformed intestinal epithelial cells. Levels of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and COX-2 mRNA were measured as a marker of inflammatory response. The extracellular H2O2level in IPEC-J2 cells was also monitored by Amplex Red assay. Our data revealed that both compounds had significant lowering effect on the inflammatory response. Apigenin (at 25 μM) significantly decreased gene expression of IL-6 in LPS-treated cells, while apigenin-trimethylether in the same concentration did not influence IL-6 mRNA level. Both apigenin and apigenin-trimethylether reduced IL-8 gene expression significantly. TNF-αmRNA level was decreased by apigenin-trimethylether, which was not influenced by apigenin. Treatment with both flavonoids caused significant reduction in the mRNA level of COX-2, but the anti-inflammatory effect of the methylated analogue was more effective than the unmethylated one. Furthermore, both flavonoids reduced significantly the level of extracellular H2O2compared to the control cells. In conclusion, the methylated apigenin analogue could avoid LPS-induced intestinal inflammation and it could be applied in the future as an effective anti-inflammatory compound.

scholarly journals Effect of Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Lactobacillus plantarum Q7 on Gut Microbiota and Ulcerative Colitis in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haining Hao ◽  
Xinyi Zhang ◽  
Lingjun Tong ◽  
Qiqi Liu ◽  
Xi Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Probiotics plays an important role in regulating gut microbiota and maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from probiotics have emerged as potential mediators of host immune response and anti-inflammatory effect. However, the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of probiotics derived EVs on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. In this study, the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum Q7-derived extracellular vesicles (Q7-EVs) on gut microbiota and intestinal inflammation was investigated in C57BL/6J mice. The results showed that Q7-EVs alleviated DSS-induced colitis symptoms, including colon shortening, bleeding, and body weight loss. Consumption of Q7-EVs reduced the degree of histological damage. DSS-upregulated proinflammatory cytokine levels including IL-6, IL-1β, IL-2 and TNF-α were reduced significantly by Q7-EVs (p < 0.05). 16S rRNA sequencing results showed that Q7-EVs improved the dysregulation of gut microbiota and promoted the diversity of gut microbiota. It was observed that the pro-inflammatory bacteria (Proteobacteria) were reduced and the anti-inflammatory bacteria (Bifidobacteria and Muribaculaceae) were increased. These findings indicated that Q7-EVs might alleviate DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by regulating the gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: What Polyphenols Can Do for Us?

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarique Hussain ◽  
Bie Tan ◽  
Yulong Yin ◽  
Francois Blachier ◽  
Myrlene C. B. Tossou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Molecular Signaling ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Chronic Disorders ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anti Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Oxidative stress is viewed as an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their elimination by protective mechanisms, which can lead to chronic inflammation. Oxidative stress can activate a variety of transcription factors, which lead to the differential expression of some genes involved in inflammatory pathways. The inflammation triggered by oxidative stress is the cause of many chronic diseases. Polyphenols have been proposed to be useful as adjuvant therapy for their potential anti-inflammatory effect, associated with antioxidant activity, and inhibition of enzymes involved in the production of eicosanoids. This review aims at exploring the properties of polyphenols in anti-inflammation and oxidation and the mechanisms of polyphenols inhibiting molecular signaling pathways which are activated by oxidative stress, as well as the possible roles of polyphenols in inflammation-mediated chronic disorders. Such data can be helpful for the development of future antioxidant therapeutics and new anti-inflammatory drugs.

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