The Traditional Chinese Medicine Fuyou Formula Alleviates Precocious Puberty by Inhibiting GPR54/GnRH in the Hypothalamus

The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine Fuyou formula on precocious puberty (PP). The Fy formula may exert an effect in female rats with PP and GT-7 cells through the GPR54/GnRH signaling pathway. To confirm the effect of the Fy formula on PP through the GPR54/GnRH signaling pathway, we first treated GT1-7 cells with the Fy formula and observed changes in the expression of related genes and proteins and in GnRH secretion. Then, we randomly divided young female Sprague-Dawley rats into the control group, model group, leuprorelin group and the Fy formula group. A PP model was established by injection of danazol on postnatal day 5, and the Fy formula was administered on PND15. The time of vaginal opening, the wet weights of the ovary and uterus, serum hormone levels and the expression of hypothalamic-related genes were observed. We found that the Fy formula delayed vaginal opening, decreased the wet weights and coefficients of the ovary and uterus, decreased the levels of serum hormones (E2, follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone) and the cellular GnRH level, and downregulated the gene expression of Kiss1, GPR54 and GnRH in the hypothalamus and the gene and protein expression of GPR54 and GnRH in GT1-7 cells. In conclusion, the Fy formula may alleviate PP via the GPR54/GnRH signaling pathway.

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Precocious Puberty and the Lin28/Let7 Pathway: The Therapeutic Effect of the Nourishing “Yin” and Purging “Fire” Traditional Chinese Medicine Mixture in a Rat Model

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2018/4868045 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yuanyuan He ◽

Xinghui Han ◽

Wen Sun ◽

Jian Yu ◽

Amin Tamadon

Keyword(s):

Chinese Medicine ◽

Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽

Precocious Puberty ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Female Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Vaginal Opening ◽

Model Group ◽

Nourishing Yin ◽

The Relationship

The present study aims to investigate the effects of the nourishing “Yin” and purging “Fire” Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) herb mixture on precocious puberty and TCM may act through hypothalamic Lin28/let7 pathway expression in the precocious puberty model rats. Meanwhile, to confirm the relationship between Lin28/let7 pathway and puberty by overexpressionLin28a,in the first part of this study, female rats were randomly allocated into untreated controls, the precocious puberty (PP) model group, the PP control group, and the PP + TCM group. Rats on postnatal day 5 were injected danazol to establish the PP model. From days 15 to 35, the rats in the TCM group were given the TCM twice daily. Vaginal opening, sex-related hormones, and body and reproductive organ weights were measured, and the expressions of hypothalamicLin28aandLin28bmRNA andlet7aandlet7bmiRNA were detected. In addition, in the second part, the effects of overexpression ofLin28aon the vaginal opening time were evaluated. In the two parts of the study, we found that, at the onset of puberty, a decrease in ovary weight, an increase in the serum levels of luteinizing hormone and progesterone, and increased expression levels of hypothalamicLin28bmRNA were observed in the PP + TCM group compared to the PP model group. The vaginal opening time was significantly delayed upon overexpression ofLin28a. Above all, the mechanism by which the TCM treats precocious puberty is thus likely to be associated with inhibition of the hypothalamic Lin28/let7 signaling pathway and our findings provide in-depth insight into the relationship between the overexpression ofLin28agene in the hypothalamus and the onset of puberty.

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Effect of Propolis on Precocious Puberty in Female Rats

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1236469/v1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Recep Polat ◽

Erdem Çokluk ◽

Özcan Budak ◽

Fatıma Betül Tuncer

Keyword(s):

Precocious Puberty ◽

Mechanism Of Action ◽

Breast Tissue ◽

Endometrial Thickness ◽

Female Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Vaginal Opening ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Ki 67 ◽

P Values

Abstract Introduction: Nutrition and exposure to various chemicals, including environmental pollution, insecticides, and plant phytoestrogens (having oestrogen-like effects), are environmental factors that affect puberty onset. We aimed to identify the effects of propolis on precocious puberty and the reproductive system in prepubertal female rats (ovary, endometrium, breast).Methods: Thirty-four 25-day-old prepubertal female Sprague-Dawley rats were included in the study. Rats were randomly divided into the propolis (n 17) and control groups (n 17). The primary endpoint was the number of rats that developed vaginal opening (It's a sign of puberty) at 12-day follow-up. In addition, the effect of propolis on ovary, uterus and breast tissue was evaluated.Results: Vaginal patency occurred earlier in the propolis group. At the same time, a greater number of rats developed vaginal opening. The number of ovarian follicles (in all follicles), endometrial thickness, and mammary gland secretory gland area were significantly higher in the propolis group than in the control group (p-values <0.001, <0.001, <0.001, respectively). In addition, Ki-67 activity in the endometrium, breast tissue and ovary was more intense in the propolis group compared to the control group (p-values <0.001, <0.001, <0.001, respectively).Conclusion: Propolis triggers precocious puberty in female rats, possibly by interacting with the oestrogen receptor. The mechanism of action of propolis should be considered before prescribing it. In addition, further studies are needed to explore the mechanism of action of propolis and to determine the component of propolis that triggers puberty.

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Study on the mechanism of sarsasapogenin in treating precocious puberty by regulating HPG axis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-16977/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

KaiLi Hu ◽

Wenyan Sun ◽

Yu Li ◽

Bo Zhang ◽

Meng Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Precocious Puberty ◽

Uterine Wall ◽

Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽

Group Model ◽

Vaginal Opening ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Serum Hormones ◽

Hpg Axis ◽

Releasing Hormone ◽

Fertility Drugs

Abstract Background Precocious puberty is a common endocrine disorder in children,and its pathogenic factor is early initiation of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Sarsasapogenin is the main component of traditional Chinese medicine Zhimu, which has anti-fertility effect. There is already evidence that anti-fertility drugs may be resistant to precocity by regulating the HPG axis. Therefore, we speculated that sarsasapogenin might also has the effect. In order to test this hypothesis, this study determined the effect and mechanism of sarsasapogenin on precocious puberty by establishing a danazol-induced precocious puberty model. Methods Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into normal(N)group, model (M) group, leuprolide (L) group and sarsasapogenin (Sar) group. Rats at 5 days of age were given a single subcutaneous injection of 300 microgram of danazol dissolved in 25 microliter vehicle of ethylene glycol-ethanol (1:1, v/v), to establish the precocious puberty model. After 10 days of modeling, drug intervention was started. Vaginal opening was started at the age of 20 days, and then vaginal cell smears were examined. The development of uterus and ovary was observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The levels of Serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol (E2) were determined by radioimmunoassay. The expressions of hypothalamic gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), Kiss-1, G protein-coupled receptor 54 (GPR54) and pituitary gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor (GnRH-R) were detected by RT-PCR. Results The day of vaginal opening was significantly advanced in the M than that in the N group. Compared with the M group, the Sar and L groups could significantly delay the opening time of vaginal (P < 0.001,P < 0.05,respectively). The Sar group could significantly decrease uterine and ovarian coefficients, and reduce uterine wall thickness (P < 0.05, respectively). In terms of serum hormones (LH, FSH, E2), the M group was significantly higher than the N group (P < 0.001,respectively). Moreover, the Sar group can significantly down-regulate the levels of serum hormones (P < 0.001, P < 0.01, P < 0.01,respectively). Also, the expression of GnRH, GnRH-R, Kiss-1 mRNA were significantly decreased in the Sar group compared with that in the M group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, P < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions The results showed that sarsasapogenin had the effect of treating precocious puberty, and its mechanism might be to down-regulate the expression of GnRH and GnRH-R mRNA through the Kiss-/GPR54 system, thus delaying the initiation of HPG axis.

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Pseudo-allergic reaction caused by Qingkailing injection partially via the PI3K-Rac1 signaling pathway in RBL-2H3 cells

Toxicology Research ◽

10.1039/c8tx00306h ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 353-360 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Qin Li ◽

Lingxi Zhang ◽

Lili Gu ◽

Bo Zhang ◽

Jiaqi Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chinese Medicine ◽

Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽

Allergic Reaction ◽

Signaling Pathway ◽

Qingkailing Injection

Qingkailing injection (QKLI) is a kind of multi-component traditional Chinese medicine injection.

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Comparison of streptozotocin-induced diabetes at different moments of the life of female rats for translational studies

Laboratory Animals ◽

10.1177/00236772211001895 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 002367722110018

Author(s):

Yuri K Sinzato ◽

Eduardo Klöppel ◽

Carolina A Miranda ◽

Verônyca G Paula ◽

Larissa F Alves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adult Life ◽

Tolerance Test ◽

Full Term ◽

Female Rats ◽

Lower Percentage ◽

Control Group ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Postnatal Life ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Term Pregnancy

Animal models are widely used for studying diabetes in translational research. However, methods for induction of diabetes are conflicting with regards to their efficacy, reproducibility and cost. A comparison of outcomes between the diabetic models is still unknown, especially full-term pregnancy.To understand the comparison, we analyzed the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes at three life-different moments during the neonatal period in Sprague–Dawley female rats: at the first (D1), second (D2) and fifth (D5) day of postnatal life. At adulthood (90 days; D90), the animals were submitted to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for diabetic status confirmation. The diabetic and control rats were mated and sacrificed at full-term pregnancy for different analyses. Group D1 presented a higher mortality percentage after STZ administration than groups D2 and D5. All diabetic groups presented higher blood glucose levels as compared to those of the control group, while group D5 had higher levels of glycemia compared with other groups during OGTT. The diabetic groups showed impaired reproductive outcomes compared with the control group. Group D1 had lower percentages of mated rats and D5 showed a lower percentage of a full-term pregnancy. Besides that, these two groups also showed the highest percentages of inadequate fetal weight. In summary, although all groups fulfill the diagnosis criteria for diabetes in adult life, in our investigation diabetes induced on D5 presents lower costs and higher efficacy and reproducibility for studies involving diabetes-complicated pregnancy.

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Efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treatment and Prophylaxis of Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis in Patients Receiving Radiotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Integrative Cancer Therapies ◽

10.1177/1534735417725578 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 444-450 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Cong Wang ◽

Peiguo Wang ◽

Huaqiang Ouyang ◽

Jing Wang ◽

Lining Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Chinese Medicine ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽

Body Mass ◽

Oral Mucositis ◽

Visual Analysis ◽

Control Group ◽

Oral Pain ◽

Radiation Induced

Objective: To estimate the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (Chining decoction, CHIN) for radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer. Methods: From May 2014 to December 2015, 70 consecutive patients were randomly assigned to receive CHIN (treatment group) or recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) spray (control group) at a 1:1 ratio. CHIN was administered to treatment group from the first day of radiotherapy until the completion of radiotherapy. Simultaneously, the rhEGF spray was administered to control group on the oral mucosa of irradiated area. The clinical benefit was determined by gradation of mucositis (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v4.0), oral pain, and xerostomia (visual analysis scale) for each week during radiotherapy. Body mass index was evaluated before and after radiotherapy. Results: Patients in the treatment group had prominent remission of oral pain and grade of mucositis on each observing point compared with those in control group ( P < .01). Xerostomia was decreased notably in treatment group compared with control group ( P < .01). Body mass index in the treatment group exhibited advantage over control group after radiotherapy, but there was no statistical significance (19.8 ± 3.26 vs 18.8 ± 2.5 kg/m2, P = .153, >.05). Conclusions: CHIN presented an obvious advantage in preventing radiation-induced oral mucositis compared with rhEGF spray.

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Experimental Study Oviductus ranae for the Change of α-SMA and TGF-β in Hepatic Fibrosis Rat Liver

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.912-914.1940 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 912-914 ◽

pp. 1940-1943

Author(s):

Yan Li ◽

Xiao Ou Li ◽

Feng Hao ◽

Lei Zhang ◽

Lei Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Fibrosis ◽

Hepatic Fibrosis ◽

Rat Liver ◽

Liver Tissue ◽

Female Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Group Model ◽

Model Group ◽

Model Control ◽

Oviductus Ranae

To evaluate the control effect of Oviductus ranae on liver fibrosis in rats, and the change of TGF-β and α-SMA in liver of. To explore the mechanism of Oviductus ranae decoction on liver fibrosis. Methods Wistar female rats were randomly divided into a blank control group, model control group, colchicines group, Oviductus ranae group. Using the CCl4composite approach to make the rat modle. The course of treat-mart was 12 weeks.After treatment,All the rats was killed,and the materials and blood was taken,and to detect biochemical test of liver function after eight weeks. Investigating the variation of liver histology. Meanwhile detecting protein expression of TGF-β and α-SMA and by immunehistochemical method.Result The general condition of rats in all treatment groups are worse than the blank group,but better than the model group. And the rats in the model group were all occurred in liver fibrosis,and liver fibrosis is the most serious.In a normal rat liver tissue of TGF-β and α-SMA were significantly lower in model group and each treatment group, and there were significant differences, and the TGF-β and α-SMA in expression of liver tissue in model rats of TGF-β and α-SMA the highest. Conclusion: Oviductus ranae can effectively improve liver fibrosis rats induced by CC14liver function.Oviductus ranae can reduce the expression of TGF-β1in liver tissue of hepatic fibrosis rats induced by CCl4in. This may be one of the mechanisms of Oviductus ranae in prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis. Even though both increased expression of TGF-β and α-SMA expression, is able to determine TGF-β and α-SMA for the intervention of liver TGF-β signal transduction pathway in liver fibrosis.

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Effects of Shaoyao-Gancao-Fuzi Decoction on the Pharmacokinetics of CYP3A4-Mediated Tofacitinib in Rats

10.21203/rs.3.rs-104139/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Li Lin ◽

Yuan Wang ◽

Sennan Shao ◽

Wen Lin ◽

Dan Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Chinese Medicine ◽

Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽

Oral Administration ◽

Western Medicine ◽

Control Group ◽

Clinical Use ◽

Pharmacokinetic Profiles ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Cocktail Approach

Abstract Background: The combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine is commonly accepted in clinics in China. Shaoyao-Gancao-Fuzi decoction (SGFD) has been extensively used to dispel wind, eliminate dampness and treat paralysis. Tofacitinib is approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. SGFD and tofacitinib could be used together for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.Methods: A cocktail approach was employed to assess the effects of SGFD on the activities of CYP450s. After pretreatment for 2 weeks with SGFD, a cocktail solution was given to rats 24 h after the last dose of saline or SGFD. Additionally, the pharmacokinetic profiles of oral administration of tofacitinib in rats, with or without SGFD pre-treatment were investigated.Results: The results showed that SGFD could induce the activity of CYP1A2 and inhibit the activity of CYP3A4. Furthermore, SGFD could significantly affect the pharmacokinetics of tofacitinib. Compared with control group, the AUC0-∞ of tofacitinib was increased from 13669.53 ± 4986.83 to 28706.69 ± 9563.13 ng/mL*h (p < 0.01), and the Cmax was increased from 8359.66 ± 1512.22 to 11332.51 ± 2791.90 ng/mL (p < 0.05).Conclusions: The system exposure of tofacitinib was increased by SGFD. The mechanism might be through inhibiting the activity of CYP3A4 and reducing the metabolism of tofacitinib in rats. The study will provide better guidance for the safe clinical use of SGFD and tofacitinib.

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Toxicity Evaluation of a Traditional Polyherbal Unani Formulation Jawarish Shahi in Rats

The Journal of Phytopharmacology ◽

10.31254/phyto.2018.7502 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 412-418

Author(s):

Mohd Urooj ◽

◽

Mohammad Ahmed Khan ◽

G. Thejaswini ◽

Munawwar Husain Kazmi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Female Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Male And Female ◽

Salix Caprea ◽

Male And Female Rats ◽

Dose Levels

Jawarish Shahi (JS) is a compound polyherbal Unani pharmacopoeial formulation indicated for Khafqan (Palpitation), Nafkh-e-Shikam (Flatulence) and Waswas (Insanity; false perception and hallucinations). Jawarish Shahi contains herbs like Halela (Terminalia chebula), Amla (Emblica officinalis), Kishneez (Coriandrum sativum), Elaichi Khurd, (Elettaria cardamomum), and Bed Mushk (Salix caprea). The present study was carried out as per OECD 408 guidance to evaluate 90 days repeated oral dose toxicity in male and female Sprague Dawley rats. The study was performed at dose levels 1028 and 2000 mg/kg bw. No adverse effects were reported with respect to body weight, feed intake, behavior and clinical signs indicative of systemic toxicity. The expected growth pattern was observed in body weight and feed intake as compared to control group at both dose levels in male and female rats. There were few significant alterations with respect to hematology, and clinical biochemistry, however the results were within normal range thus considered toxicologically insignificant. The microscopic examination of different organ/tissue showed that no histopathological changes were observed. The findings of the study showed that No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) for JS is greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight

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Efficacy and Safety of Ejiao (Asini Corii Colla) in Women With Blood Deficient Symptoms: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Frontiers in Pharmacology ◽

10.3389/fphar.2021.718154 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Li Zhang ◽

Zhongju Xu ◽

Tao Jiang ◽

Jialu Zhang ◽

Pinxian Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chinese Medicine ◽

Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽

Blood Cell ◽

Control Group ◽

Placebo Control ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Double Blind ◽

Placebo Control Group ◽

Sf 36

Equus asinus L [Equidae; Asini Corii Colla] (donkey-hide gelatin, Ejiao), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used to nourish the blood, especially for women. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of Ejiao in blood-deficient patients. A total of 210 participants were recruited and randomly allocated into the placebo control group and Ejiao-treated group (6 g/day). The primary outcomes on the efficacy of Ejiao included traditional Chinese medicine symptom scores, blood indicators, and SF-36. The secondary outcomes were changes in fireness and safety evaluation. Results showed that Ejiao treatment for 8 weeks had significantly improved dizziness symptoms. Among the tested 24 blood biochemical parameters, the hematocrit and red blood cell numbers decreased in the placebo control group, but decreased significantly less in the Ejiao treatment group. The white blood cell and neutrophil counts increased in the Ejiao group but were within the normal range. In addition, the quality of life improved as the scores in SF-36 domains were significantly higher in the Ejiao group. At the same time, there was no significant change in the fire–heat symptoms score or other safety parameters. Considering all these, our study showed that Ejiao has a promising effect in women suffering from blood deficiency without obvious adverse effects.

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