scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and Antidiabetic, Antihyperlipidemic, and Antioxidant Effects of Leptopus Cordifolius Decne. In Diabetic Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahid Rahman ◽  
Gul Jan ◽  
Farzana Gul Jan ◽  
Hafeez Ur Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Haemolytic Assay

Plants are well known in traditional herbal medicines for their hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities and are often used due to their accessibility, affordability, and corollary effects. Leptopus cordifolius has been reported to control diabetes in folkloric medicine, but no known scientific research has been conducted to assess the plausibility of this assertion. Therefore, the current study is aimed to investigate the antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects of Leptopus cordifolius leaves in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic evaluation was conducted in Swiss albino mice at doses of 150–250°mg/kg for 15°days. The blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, HDL, creatinine, ALP, SGPT, and SGOT levels were estimated according to standard procedures. Phytochemicals of leaves were analyzed using GC-MS analysis. Enzymatic antioxidant activity of the plant was investigated spectrophotometrically by carrying out superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase assays. The membrane stabilization potential of L. cordifolius leaf extracts was carried out using an in vitro haemolytic assay. The results revealed a dose response effect with the methanolic extract of L. cordifolius which had significant antihyperglycemic effects at 150–250°mg/kg in alloxan treated mice, although less than the positive control (glibenclamide). Hyperlipidemic activity was significant at 250 mg/kg. The biochemical parameters, such as total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, HDL, creatinine, ALP, SGPT, and SGOT, were significantly improved (p < 0.01) by the methanolic extract of 250 mg/kg compared to the diabetic group. Treatment for 15 days showed significant elevation (p < 0.01) of antioxidant enzymes. GC-MS analysis provided tentative identifications of 52 compounds in the methanolic extract of L. cordifolius, of which 12 compounds have reported antidiabetic activity. In conclusion, methanolic extract of L. cordifolius of 150 and 250°mg/kg body weight showed significant antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities in alloxan-induced diabetic mice and, with further work, has the potential to be used to manage blood glucose and cholesterol levels.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic activity of tannin fraction of Bridelia ferruginea (Benth) leaf extract on fructose-induced diabetic mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Sabrina Sanvee ◽  
Oudjaniyobi Simalou ◽  
Gneiny Whad Tchani ◽  
Hèzouwè Kagnou ◽  
Batomayena Bakoma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Bridelia Ferruginea

Introduction: Bridelia ferruginea is a plant known for its antidiabetic properties. However, few studies on leaf extracts have induced anti-hyperglycemic activity on normal mice subjected to carbohydrate overload. The current study was designed to assess the effect of the leaf extracts’ fraction on fructose-induced diabetic mice. Methods: The in vitro ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay were carried out and the condensed tannins quantified. The vanillin-HCl method was used to characterize the condensed tannins. The antidiabetic effect on fructose-induced diabetic mice was evaluated for 28 days using a fructose-enriched fat diet approach. Results: The fraction confirmed the antioxidant activity with a reducing power of 800 μg/mL comparable to ascorbic acid at 200 μg/mL. The condensed tannins were estimated at 79.6 ± 3.4 mg catechin equivalent per gram of sample. Significant decreases in blood sugar levels of 6.25% at the 7th day, 11.04% at the 14th day, 12.61% at the 21th day, and 11.35% at the 28th day were obtained in mice treated with the extract dose of 200 mg/kg of body weight, compared to the positive control group. The decreases of 37.11% of triglycerides and 40.16% of total cholesterol were also obtained. Conclusion: The investigated fraction showed notable antidiabetic activity and might be a good candidate in the treatment of diabetes.

scholarly journals Exploration of Antidiabetic Activity of Stephania japonica Leaf Extract in Alloxan-Induced Swiss Albino Diabetic Mice

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Md. Dobirul Islam ◽  
Syeda Farida Akter ◽  
Md. Amirul Islam ◽  
Md. Salim Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Dry Extract

Aims: Presently the medicinal world is rapidly turning more on the therapeutic health benefits of natural product and medicinal plants in the management of major crucial disease and their complications. Medicinal plant, Stephania japonica has been studied for exploring antidiabetic potentiality as an alternative source of medicine against the global threat of Diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: The extraction of S. japonica leaf was carried out by acetone and ethanol. Phytochemical screening and quantitative analysis of S. japonica leaf extracts were evaluated through chemically forming characterized color formation and calibration method respectively, by using standard reference substances (ascorbic acid, gallic acid, and quercetin) to assess the probable compounds present in the extract. Anti-diabetic potentiality of highest phytochemicals containing two extracts were investigated in in vitro as a ⍺-amylase inhibitors and in vivo through alloxan-induced Swiss albino diabetes mice model. Results: Alkaloids, carbohydrates, steroids, flavonoids, resins, saponins, tannins and coumarins were present in the leaf extracts. The estimated amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, flavonols and proanthrocyanidins contents of acetone and ethanol extract were 92.12±0.64 and 56.54±1.05 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/gm of dry extract, 66.02±1.42 and 46.17±0.54 mg of catechin equivalent (CAE)/gm of dry extract, 7.05±0.108 and 5.26±0.083 mg of quercetin equivalent (QUE)/gm of dry extract, 35.19±0.67 and 9.55±1.11 mg CAE/gm of dry extract, respectively. In 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid method, acetone and ethanol extract showed α-amylase inhibition of 51.02% and 46.62%, respectively at the concentration of 1000 µg/mL whereas in starch iodine color assay, acetone and ethanol extract showed inhibition of 57.32% and 52.12%, respectively at the concentration of 800 µg/mL. In contrast, both of the leaf extracts significantly (p<0.05 to p<0.001) improved the lipid profile parameters, blood glucose level and serum hepatic marker proteins in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Conclusion: The present study strongly concluded that S. japonica leaf extracts process potent antidiabetic potentiality that might be significance for the management of diabetes and its complications.

ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CUCUMIS DIPSACEUS EHRENB. (FRUIT) IN STREPTOZOTOCIN- INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Gagandeep Kaur ◽  
◽  
D. Srivastav ◽  
Suman Lata
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity

The present study was designed to investigate the hypoglycemic and antidiabetic properties of Cucumis dipsaceus fruit which is widely used in the Indian traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes.Aim of present study, to investigate the antidiabetic action of the methanolic extract of C. dipsaceus fruits in Streptozotocin induced-diabetic rats. The antidiabetic activity of methanolic extract of fruit C. dipsaceus was evaluated by using normal and streptozotocin induced-diabetic rats. The acute effect of methanolic extract was evaluated by administering 500 mg/kg p.o. to normoglycemic rats. In the chronic model, the methanolic extract was administered to normal and STZ-induced-diabetic rats at dose of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg p.o. per day for 21 days. Blood glucose levels and body weights were observed at specific intervals and different biochemical parameters were also monitored. Methanolic extract (500mg/kg) produced a significant reduction in blood glucose level in STZ- induced diabetic rats. The statistical data indicated a significant increase in the body weight and serum insulin level and decrease in the glycosylated hemoglobin levels. Total cholesterol level decreased while an increase in HDL and LDL cholesterol level was observed when treated with the extract. Thus the methanolic fruit extract of C. dipsaceus exhibited significant anti-hyperglycemic activities and beneficial effects in reducing the elevated total cholesterol level of STZ-induced-diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Wild Strawberry, Blackberry, and Blueberry Leaf Extracts Alleviate Starch-Induced Hyperglycemia in Prediabetic and Diabetic Mice

Planta Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. 790-799
Author(s):  
István Takács ◽  
András Szekeres ◽  
Ákos Takács ◽  
Dávid Rakk ◽  
Miklós Mézes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Postprandial Hyperglycemia ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Cardiac Muscle Cells ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Wild Strawberry

AbstractIntestinal α-glucosidase and α-amylase break down nutritional poly- and oligosaccharides to monosaccharides and their activity significantly contributes to postprandial hyperglycemia. Competitive inhibitors of these enzymes, such as acarbose, are effective antidiabetic drugs, but have unpleasant side effects. In our ethnopharmacology inspired investigations, we found that wild strawberry (Fragaria vesca), blackberry (Rubus fruticosus), and European blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) leaf extracts inhibit α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzyme activity in vitro and are effective in preventing postprandial hyperglycemia in vivo. Toxicology tests on H9c2 rat embryonic cardiac muscle cells demonstrated that berry leaf extracts have no cytotoxic effects. Oral administration of these leaf extracts alone or as a mixture to normal (control), obese, prediabetic, and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice attenuated the starch-induced rise of blood glucose levels. The efficiency was similar to that of acarbose on blood glucose. These results highlight berry leaf extracts as candidates for testing in clinical trials in order to assess the clinical significance of their effects on glycemic control.

scholarly journals The Antioxidant and Antihyperglycemic Activities of Bottlebrush Plant (Callistemon lanceolatus) Stem Extracts

Medicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Kumar ◽  
Ashutosh Gupta ◽  
Amit Kumar Singh ◽  
Anupam Bishayee ◽  
Abhay K. Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis

Background: Diabetes mellitus, a metabolic disease, is a major health concern today throughout the world. Callistemon lanceolatus (Myrtaceae), commonly known as bottlebrush, has been used by Indian tribal communities for the treatment of many diseases. The purpose of this study was to explore antioxidant and antihyperglycemic potential of methanolic and aqueous extracts of the stem of C. lanceolatus in vitro and in vivo. Methods: Phytoconstituents of C. lanceolatus stem were extracted in methanol and water sequentially followed by phytochemical analysis. The in vitro antioxidant potential of aqueous and methanolic extracts was assessed by metal ion chelating, free radical scavenging, and reducing power assays. The in vivo antihyperglycemic activity of the oral methanolic extract was studied in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Bodyweight and blood glucose were monitored regularly. After the treatment period, serum was examined for total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), bilirubin, creatinine, urea, glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Results: Methanolic extract exhibited superior antioxidant activity to aqueous extract. A marked increase in levels of serum markers, viz., glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, bilirubin, urea, creatinine, SGOT, SGPT, and ALP along with a reduction in HDL was observed in diabetic rats. Methanol extract treatment for 28 days accounted for a decrease in blood glucose and other metabolic markers accompanied by an improvement in body weight and HDL level in hyperglycemic rats. Conclusions: The present study suggests that C. lanceolatus methanolic stem extract possesses antioxidant and antihyperglycemic activities and has potential as a therapeutic agent in diabetes.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Potential and Antidiabetic Activity of Leaf Extracts of Justicia carnea

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-45
Author(s):  
Onuabuchi Nnenna Ani ◽  
Stanley Chidi Udedi ◽  
Kelechi Kingsley Asogwa ◽  
Michael Okey Enemali ◽  
Chigozie Michael Onwelumadu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Potential

The aim of this study was to evaluate the in-vitro inhibitory potential of various leaf extracts of Justicia carnea on alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase activities and the anti-diabetic activity of the ethanol leaf extract using albino wistar rats. The analyses were carried out using standard biochemical methods. The oral acute toxicity test (LD50) in rats of the ethanol leaf extract was determined using Lorke’s method. Diabetes was induced in the rats by a single intraperitoneal dose of 120 mg/kg. b.w of alloxan. Six (6) experimental groups of rats (n=6) were used for the study. Three groups of diabetic rats received oral daily doses of 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg ethanol leaf extract of Justicia carnea respectively while gilbenclamide (5 mg/ml); a standard diabetic drug was administered to a specific group. Treatment lasted for 14 days. From the results of the in-vitro inhibitory activity, the different extracts of Justicia carnea demonstrated dose dependent strong inhibitory activity against α-amylase but moderate inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase. The ethanol leaf extract was the most potent inhibitor of both α-amylase and α-glucosidase in comparison with other extracts and acarbose; the standard. The ethanol leaf extract exhibited maximum of 82.18% inhibition with IC50 of 2.99 ± 1.14 mg/ml for α-amylase and 41.66% with IC50 of 9.66 mg/ml ± 0.32 mg/ml for α-glucosidase. From the analysis of the Lineweaver-Burk plot, the ethanol leaf extract exhibited mixed noncompetitive inhibition of α-amylase and competitive inhibition of α-glucosidase activities. The acute toxicity study showed that the extract had an LD50 > 5000 mg/kg. From the result of the anti-diabetic study, the fasting blood glucose levels significantly (p<0.05) decreased in the animals treated with the ethanol leaf extract of Justicia carnea when compared to the untreated rats. It can be concluded from the results that the leaf extracts of Justicia carnea can be used in the management of diabetes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antidiabetic Activity of the Leaf Latex of Aloe pulcherrima Gilbert and Sebsebe (Aloaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Gedefaw Getnet Amare ◽  
Birhanu Geta Meharie ◽  
Yaschilal Muche Belayneh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Lipid Level ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Glucose Reduction

The leaf latex of Aloe pulcherrima has been used as remedy for diabetes mellitus. This was carried out to determine in vitro and in vivo antidiabetic activities of the leaf latex of Aloe pulcherrima. Methods. Sucrase and maltase inhibitory activity of the leaf latex of A. pulcherrima was determined in glucose oxidase assay, and α-amylase inhibitory activity was determined in dinitrosalicylic acid assay. Normoglycemic, glucose-loaded, and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice were treated orally to determine blood glucose lowering activity of the latex. Effect of the latex on serum lipid level and body weight was measured in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Additionally, DPPH assay was used to determine free radical scavenging capacity of the latex. Results. Antioxidant activity of the latex was concentration dependent; the strongest inhibition was measured at 800 μg/ml (80.57%). The leaf latex of A. pulcherrima inhibited sucrase (IC50 = 2.92 μg/ml), maltase (IC50 = 11.81 μg/ml) and α-amylase (IC50 = 14.92 μg/ml) enzymes. All doses of the leaf latex induced hypoglycemic effect after 4 h in normal mice, and low dose of the latex did not show significant effect after 6 h. Glucose reduction of the leaf latex of A. pulcherrima was significant (p<0.05) in oral glucose-loaded mice compared to the vehicle control. Blood glucose level of diabetic mice was significantly (p<0.05) reduced on week one and weak two in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse model. Glucose reduction increased with increasing the doses of the leaf latex of A. pulcherrima on week one (p<0.05 (200 mg/kg), p<0.01 (400 mg/kg), and p<0.001 (600 mg/kg)). Administration of the leaf latex of A. pulcherrima for two weeks significantly (p<0.05) improved diabetic dyslipidemia and body weight of diabetic mice. Conclusion. The study confirmed that the leaf latex of the plant showed a significant antidiabetic activity justifying the traditional uses of the plant.

In-vitro bactericidal activity of a novel plant source Plumeria pudica against some human and fish pathogenic bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubhaisi Das ◽  
Sunanda Burman ◽  
Goutam Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Aldehyde Groups

Background: The only remedy for up surging problem of antibiotic resistance is the discovery of antibacterial agents of natural origin. Objective: The present study was aimed at finding antibacterial potential of crude and solvent extracts of mature leaves of Plumeria pudica. Methods: Antibacterial activity of three different solvent extracts were evaluated in four human and four fish pathogenic bacteria by measuring the zone of inhibition and determining Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration values. Standard antibiotics were used as positive control. Preliminary phytochemical screening of most effective extract i.e., ethyl acetate extract, Fourier Transform Infra Red analysis and GC-MS analysis of the Thin Layer Chromatographic (TLC) fraction of ethyl acetate extract were done meticulously. All experiments were done thrice and analyzed statistically. Results: Crude leaf extracts and solvent extracts caused good inhibition of bacterial growth in all selected bacteria. Ethyl acetate extract showed highest inhibition zones in all tested strains with maximum inhibition (19.50±0.29 mm) in Escherichia coli (MTCC 739). MBC/MIC of the extracts indicated that all three solvent extracts were bactericidal. Preliminary phytochemical tests revealed the presence of tannins, steroids and alkaloids and FT-IR analysis revealed presence of many functional groups namely alcoholic, amide, amine salt and aldehyde groups. From the GC-MS analysis of TLC fraction of ethyl acetate extract five different bioactive compounds e.g., 2,4-ditert –butylphenyl 5-hydroxypentanoate, Oxalic acid; allyl nonyl ester, 7,9-Ditert-butyl-1-oxaspiro(4,5)deca-6,9-diene-2,8-dione, Dibutyl phthalate and 2,3,5,8-tetramethyl-decane were identified. Conclusion: Leaf extracts of P. pudica contain bioactive compounds that can be used as broad spectrum bactericidal agent.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of isolated fractions from methanolic extract derived from the whole plant of Cleome viscosa L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yarrappagaari Suresh ◽  
Gutha Rajasekar ◽  
Thopireddy Lavanya ◽  
Benne Lakshminarsimhulu ◽  
Kesireddy Sathyavelu Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Glucose Diffusion ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant ◽  
Cleome Viscosa

Abstract Background Cleome viscosa is considered as an important medicinal plant extensively used in India, China, Bangladesh, and a few countries in Africa. In the present study, in vitro anti-radical and antidiabetic potential of isolated fractions of methanolic extract of C. viscosa whole plant (MeCV) has been investigated. The identification of polyphenols and their related functional groups in the bioactive fraction was categorized by using HPLC and FT-IR. Results The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of F-D were higher than those of F-A, F-B, and F-C. The F-D exhibited superior antioxidant capacity when compared with the remaining three fractions. However, the F-D showed the highest glucose diffusion activity over the 30 min–27 h incubation period and also inhibited both α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzyme activity. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of the two known compounds (protocatechuic acid hexoside, rutin) and six unknown compounds in the F-D. FTIR spectrum confirmed the presence of phenol group. Conclusion The isolated F-D obtained from MeCV displayed superior antioxidant and antidiabetic activity which indicate the presence of polyphenols in the fraction. The data findings of the present study support the traditional uses of the whole plant of C. viscosa as a promising natural source of biological medicines for oxidative stress and diabetes.

scholarly journals “Pharmaco-chemical Characterization and Evaluation of In Vitro Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activity of Ethanolic Flower Extract of Clerodendrum paniculatum”

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 4569-4577
Author(s):  
Sincy Varghese ◽  
Kanakasabapathi Devaki ◽  
Poornima Kannappan ◽  
Sri Rashmy Madathil
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Flower Extract ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Biochemical Features

Quantitative and qualitative analysis of different components and antioxidant and activities of the extract of flower (CPF) were analyzed in . identification of of flower was also identified by GC-MS analysis. assess the biochemical features of CPF. solvent extraction of CPF was performed using solvents in increasing order of polarity (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and water) and solvent with maximum profile was standardized for further analysis. Quantitative analysis of selected secondary metabolites like tannin, , alkaloids, and of the flower extract was done by UV . In antioxidant assays and in efficacy of the flower extract were analyzed by respective in assays. identification of in CPF was identified by using GC-MS analysis revealed secondary metabolites in the extract, and further analysis of the extract was performed. Quantitative estimation revealed an accountable amount of secondary metabolites like (47.66mg/g acid equivalent), (24mg/g equivalent), (41mg/g equivalent), and alkaloids (1.79mg/g of extracted plant material). analysis (GC-MS) also confirmed convincing compounds in the extract. From in antioxidant and assay, the IC50 value of the extract of CPF was measured and compared with standard, and from the results, it was evident that the extract had significant in antioxidant and activity. the above results, it can be confirmed thatCPF has got significant and therapeutically active ingredients, as evident in analysis. This is further supported by considerable antioxidant and properties observed in respective assays.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document