scholarly journals Authentication of Zingiber Species Based on Analysis of Metabolite Profiles

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenxi Wang ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Hui Ding ◽  
Meifang Song ◽  
Jiaxin Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituent ◽  
Untargeted Metabolomics ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Metabolic Markers ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
Metabolic Fingerprint ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Cp Genome

Zingiber corallinum and Zingiber montanum, which belong to the Zingiberaceae family, are traditional Chinese folk medicinal herbs in Guizhou and Yunnan Province of China. They share great similarities in morphology, chemical constituent, and DNA barcoding sequence. The taxonomy of the two Zingiber species is controversial and discrimination of traditional Chinese medicines directly affects the pharmacological and clinical effects. In the present study, we performed a systemic analysis of “super-barcode” and untargeted metabolomics between Z. corallinum and Z. montanum using chloroplast (cp) genome sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Comparison and phylogenetic analysis of cp genomes of the two Zingiber species showed that the cp genome could not guarantee the accuracy of identification. An untargeted metabolomics strategy combining GC-MS with chemometric methods was proposed to distinguish the Zingiber samples of known variety. A total of 51 volatile compounds extracted from Z. corallinum and Z. montanum were identified, and nine compounds were selected as candidate metabolic markers to reveal the significant difference between Z. corallinum and Z. montanum. The performance of the untargeted metabolomic approach was verified with unknown Zingiber samples. Although the cp genomes could not be used to identify Zingiber species in this study, it will still provide a valuable genomics resource for population studies in the Zingiberaceae family, and the GC-MS based metabolic fingerprint is more promising for species identification and safe application of Z. corallinum and Z. montanum.

Efficacy of Intravitreal Triamcinolone after or Concomitant with Laser Photocoagulation in Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy with Macular Edema

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 630-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erdinc Aydin ◽  
Helin Deniz Demir ◽  
Huseyin Yardim ◽  
Unal Erkorkmaz
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Laser Photocoagulation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Intravitreal Triamcinolone ◽  
Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean

Purpose To investigate the clinical effects and outcomes of intravitreal injection of 4 mg of triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) after or concomitant with macular laser photocoagulation (MP) for clinically significant macular edema (CSME). Methods Forty-nine eyes of 49 patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy and CSME were randomized into three groups. The eyes in the laser group (n=17), group 1, were subjected to MP 3 weeks after IVTA; the eyes in the IVTA group (n=13), group 2, were subjected to MP, concomitant with IVTA; the eyes in the control group (n=19), group 3, underwent only IVTA application. Visual acuity (VA), fundus fluorescein angiography, and photography were performed in each group. Results In the first group, the mean VA improved from 0.17±0.09 at baseline to 0.28±0.15 (p=0.114) and in the second group, deteriorated from 0.19±0.08 at baseline to 0.14±0.08 at the sixth month (p=0.141), respectively. In Group 3, the mean VA improved from 0.16±0.08 at baseline to 0.28±0.18 (p=0.118) at the end of the follow-up. When VA was compared between the control and study groups, significant difference was detected at the sixth month (p=0.038). Conclusions MP after IVTA improved VA, rather than MP concomitant with IVTA, and only IVTA application for CSME. MP after IVTA may reduce the recurrence of CSME and needs further investigations in a longer period.

scholarly journals Flavor and Metabolite Profiles of Meat, Meat Substitutes, and Traditional Plant-Based High-Protein Food Products Available in Australia

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 801
Author(s):  
Kornelia Kaczmarska ◽  
Matthew Taylor ◽  
Udayasika Piyasiri ◽  
Damian Frank
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Food Products ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Protein Food ◽  
Volatile Flavor ◽  
Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Metabolite Profiles

Demand for plant-based proteins and plant-based food products is increasing globally. This trend is driven mainly by global population growth and a consumer shift towards more sustainable and healthier diets. Existing plant-based protein foods and meat mimetics often possess undesirable flavor and sensory properties and there is a need to better understand the formation of desirable meat-like flavors from plant precursors to improve acceptance of novel high-protein plant foods. This study aimed to comprehensively characterize the non-volatile flavor metabolites and the volatiles generated in grilled meat (beef, chicken, and pork) and compare these to commercially available meat substitutes and traditional high-protein plant-based foods (natto, tempeh, and tofu). Solid phase microextraction with gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry was used for elucidation of the flavor volatilome. Untargeted characterization of the non-volatile metabolome was conducted using Orbitrap mass spectrometry and Compound DiscovererTM datamining software. The study revealed greater diversity and higher concentrations of flavor volatiles in plant-based foods in comparison to grilled meat, although the odor activity of specific volatiles was not considered. On average, the total amount of volatiles in plant-based products were higher than in meat. A range of concentrations of free amino acids, dipeptide, tripeptides, tetrapeptides, nucleotides, flavonoids, and other metabolites was identified in meat and plant-based foods.

scholarly journals Kinesio Taping for Balance Function after Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yijuan Hu ◽  
Dongling Zhong ◽  
Qiwei Xiao ◽  
Qiang Chen ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Balance Function ◽  
Balance Impairment ◽  
Kinesio Taping ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective. With the increasing social and economic burdens of balance impairment after stroke, the treatment for balance impairment after stroke becomes a major public health problem worldwide. Kinesio taping (KT) as a part of clinical practice has been used widely in the treatment of balance impairment after stroke. However, the clinical effects of KT for balance function have not been confirmed. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects and safety of KT for balance impairment after stroke. Methods. We conducted a systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of KT for balance impairment after stroke. We searched the following databases: (1) English databases: EMBASE (via Ovid), MEDLINE (via Ovid), the Cochrane library, PubMed, and PEDro; (2) Chinese databases: China Biology Medicine (CBM), Wan Fang database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and VIP. Besides, hand searches of relevant references were also conducted. We systematically searched from the inception to December 2018, using the keywords (Kinesio, Kinesio Tape, tape, or Orthotic Tape) and (stroke, hemiplegia, or hemiplegic paralysis) and (balance or stability). The search strategies were adjusted for each database. The reference lists of included articles were reviewed for relevant trials. For missing data, we contacted the authors to get additional information. Results. 22 RCTs involved 1331 patients, among which 667 patients in the experimental group and 664 patients in the control group were included. Results of meta-analysis showed that, compared with conventional rehabilitation (CR), there was significant difference in Berg Balance Scale (BBS) (MD=4.46, 95%CI 1.72 to 7.19, P=0.001), Time Up and Go Test (TUGT) (MD=-4.62, 95%CI -5.48 to -3.79, P < 0.00001), functional ambulation category scale (FAC) (MD=0.53, 95%CI 0.38 to 0.68, P < 0.00001), Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA-L) (MD=4.20, 95%CI 3.17 to 5.24, P < 0.00001), and Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) (MD=-0.38, 95%CI -0.49 to -0.27, P < 0.00001). The results of subgroup analysis showed that there was no significant difference between KT and CR with ≤4 weeks treatment duration (< 4 weeks: MD=5.03, 95%CI -1.80 to 11.85, P=0.15; =4 weeks: MD=4.33, 95%CI -1.50 to 10.15, P=0.15), while there was significant difference with more than 4-week treatment duration (MD=4.77, 95%CI 2.58 to 6.97, P < 0.0001). Conclusions. Based on current evidence, KT was more effective than CR for balance function, lower limb function, and walking function in poststroke patients. Longer treatment duration may be associated with better effects. However, more well-conducted RCTs are required in the future.

scholarly journals Muscle and Serum Metabolomics for Different Chicken Breeds under Commercial Conditions by GC–MS

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2174
Author(s):  
Chengkeng Tan ◽  
Jinap Selamat ◽  
Nuzul Noorahya Jambari ◽  
Rashidah Sukor ◽  
Suganya Murugesu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Untargeted Metabolomics ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Food Fraud ◽  
Village Chicken ◽  
Premium Price ◽  
Chicken Breeds ◽  
Serum Metabolomics

Globally, village chicken is popular and is known as a premium meat with a higher price. Food fraud can occur by selling other chicken breeds at a premium price in local markets. This study aimed to distinguish local village chicken from other chicken breeds available in the market, namely, colored broiler (Hubbard), broiler (Cobb), and spent laying hen (Dekalb) in pectoralis major and serum under commercial conditions using an untargeted metabolomics approach. Both pectoralis major and serum were analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The principal component analysis (PCA) results distinguished four different chicken breeds into three main groups for pectoralis major and serum. A total of 30 and 40 characteristic metabolites were identified for pectoralis major and serum, respectively. The four chicken breeds were characterized by the abundance of metabolites such as amino acids (L−glutamic acid, L−threonine, L−serine, L−leucine), organic acids (L−lactic acid, succinic acid, 3−hydroxybutyric acid), sugars (D−allose, D−glucose), sugar alcohols (myo−inositol), and fatty acids (linoleic acid). Our results suggest that an untargeted metabolomics approach using GC–MS and PCA could discriminate chicken breeds for pectoralis major and serum under commercial conditions. In this study, village chicken could only be distinguished from colored broiler (Hubbard) by serum samples.

scholarly journals Effects of Vitamin E Supplementation to Metabolic Markers on Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice 

Folia Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 895-900
Author(s):  
Eka Roina Megawati ◽  
Lokot Donna Lubis ◽  
Febi Yanti Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Adiponectin Level ◽  
Metabolic Markers ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Obesity In Mice ◽  
Vitamin E Supplementation

Introduction: Obesity creates health problems by increasing the risks of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disorders. Obesity leads to insulin resistance, higher blood glucose and cholesterol levels. Adipose tissues synthesize adiponectin which acts as anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anti-atherogenic agent. Meanwhile, vitamin E is an antioxidant that acts as an anti-inflammation. Aim: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of vitamin E supplementation to metabolic markers on diet-induced obesity in mice. Materials and methods: Twenty-four mice (Mus musculus, L) aged four weeks were divided into six groups which were fed different diets and given vitamin E in different dosages or methods. The period of treatment was 18 weeks. The mice body weights were measured every week; blood sugar and cholesterol levels were measured every six weeks, and the adiponectin level measurement was done at week 18. Results: A repeated measures ANOVA showed that body weight and cholesterol level within groups were not significantly different [F(15,&nbsp;54)=1.417, 0.173 and F(10,&nbsp;36)=1.391, 0.224 respectively]. The glucose levels were found to be significantly different [F(7.646,&nbsp;27.526)=2.625, 0.030]. There was no significant difference in the adiponectin levels. Conclusions: Vitamin E supplementation could not prevent the increase of body weight, the elevation of blood sugar and cholesterol levels, and also could not increase adiponectin level.

scholarly journals The effect of cold-chain re-introduction on the molecular integrity of rocuronium bromide

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Vermeulen ◽  
M Wooding ◽  
K Outhoff ◽  
T Dippenaar
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Products ◽  
Rapid Sequence Induction ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cold Chain ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Rocuronium Bromide ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Duration Of Action ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Temperature Exposure

Introduction: This study aimed to examine the effect of breakages and re-introduction into cold chain on the rocuronium bromide compound. Rocuronium bromide is frequently used in routine theatre lists and plays a vital role in modified rapid sequence induction and intubation for emergency patients who have contraindications to the primarily used muscle relaxant, succinylcholine. With the current practice of removing the drug from, and then reintroducing it into the cold chain, unpredictable clinical effects, including delayed onset of action and shortened duration of action have been observed. This may pose significant risks to the patient. Methods: Rocuronium bromide was subjected to different clinically applicable storage and temperature scenarios, after which the compound was analysed for integrity and quantities of the active compound, including detection of possible degradation products, by mass spectrometry, and compared to cold chain control samples. Results: There were no significant differences between any of the temperature exposure groups (18 °C or 24 °C) or between single or double exposures at these temperatures. No statistically significant difference could be demonstrated between the two control groups (cold chain preserved and room temperature controlled) with testing done at weeks one and six. However, week twelve analysis revealed a statistically significant result which translates to a 26 μg/ml difference, which clinically would have no effect. Substantial results were obtained with a secondary exposure to air; which lead to a 20% decrease in rocuronium concentration (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Practice should be adapted by keeping careful documentation as to when cold-chain was broken, and when the recommended 12 week period will lapse. Vial sharing as a standard is not recommended. If small quantities are repeatedly withdrawn from the vial during a prolonged case, the unused contents should be discarded after eight hours.

scholarly journals Validation of Urinary Charged Metabolite Profiles in Colorectal Cancer Using Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry

Metabolites ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Toru Sakurai ◽  
Kenji Katsumata ◽  
Ryutaro Udo ◽  
Tomoya Tago ◽  
Kenta Kasahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Capillary Electrophoresis ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Discrimination Ability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pathway Analyses ◽  
Higher Sensitivity ◽  
Capillary Electrophoresis Mass Spectrometry

This study aimed to validate and reanalyze urinary biomarkers for detecting colorectal cancers (CRCs). We previously conducted urinary metabolomic analyses using capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry and found a significant difference in various metabolites, especially polyamines, between patients with CRC and healthy controls (HC). We analyzed additional samples and confirmed consistency between the newly and previously analyzed data. In total, we included 36 HC, 34 adenoma (AD), and 214 CRC samples, which were used for subsequent analyses. Among the 132 quantified metabolites, 16 exhibited consistent differences in both datasets, which included polyamines, etc. Pathway analyses of the integrated data revealed significant differences in many metabolites, such as glutamine, and metabolites of the TCA and urea cycles. The discrimination ability of the combination of multiple metabolites among the three groups was evaluated, which yielded higher sensitivity than tumor markers. The Mann–Whitney test was employed to evaluate the prognosis predictivity of the assessed metabolites and the difference between the patients with or without recurrence, which yielded 16 significantly different metabolites. Among these 16 metabolites, 11 presented significant prognosis predictivity. These data indicated the potential of metabolite-based discrimination of patients with CRC and AD from HC and prognosis predictivity of the monitored metabolites.

scholarly journals A clinical comparison of high dose and low dose of Suxamethonium

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
RK Yadav ◽  
PC Majhi ◽  
D Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Duration Of Action ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Suxamethonium having its rapid onset and short duration of action makes this drug unique amongst the neuromuscular blocking drugs described so far. However, use of suxamethonium is associated with a large number of undesirable side effects. Objective: To evaluate clinical effects of high and low dose of suxamethonium and to determine whether lower dose of suxamethonium can be used for any beneficial effects in terms of its various adverse effects e.g. cardiovascular responses, post-operative muscle pains and intraocular pressure. Methods: A total of 100 patients were included in this prospective study. All these patients on preoperative clinical evaluation were assessed to have adequate airway. All the patients were divided in two groups, low dose group (group I) and High dose group (group II) with 50 patients in each at random. A standard anesthetic technique was adhered to all the patients and following parameters were observed on comparative basis: a. Fasciculation and post operative myalgia. b. Cardiovascular effects, c. Intraocular pressure. Observation: The incidence of post Suxamethonium pain was significantly greater in group II. Increase in heart rate from baseline was significant in both groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the diastolic pressure but rise in systolic blood pressure was significant at all assessment times in both groups. This rise from control was statistically significant. Conclusion: Suxamethonium can be used in lower doses (0.5 mg/kg) in elective cases without airway compromise. It gives benefits of reduced muscle pains, cardiovascular responses and intraocular hypertension. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2013, Vol-9, No-2, 1-8 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v9i2.9677

P18 Plasma-lyte 148 vs 0.9% saline for fluid resuscition in children: electrolytic and clinical outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. e1.22-e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wignell Andrew ◽  
Davies Patrick
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Resuscitation Fluid ◽  
Plasma Chloride

AimsCrystalloid fluid boluses are a mainstay of treatment in unwell children, with the traditional fluid of choice being 0.9% saline (NS). However, the use of NS has been associated with an increase in plasma chloride levels and acidosis, leading to kidney injury and other detrimental clinical effects. Plasma-Lyte 148 (PLA) is a balanced, physiological, crystalloid intravenous fluid, which is both calcium-free and isotonic. Its use in place of NS for fluid resuscitation may circumvent hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis. In May 2015 our hospital altered its standard resuscitation fluid from NS to PLA. We aimed to compare the effect of fluid boluses of NS to those of PLA in children.MethodsAll patients admitted in the 18 month periods before and after the change from NS to PLA, and receiving a fluid bolus in the first 24 hours of admission, were included. Post-surgical patients and those who had undergone haemofiltration were excluded. Arterial blood gas and creatinine values for up to 5 days after bolus fluid administration were examined. Patients were stratified according to the total resuscitation volume (ml/kg), then split into categories determined by the balance of PLA vs. NS.The primary outcome was plasma chloride. Secondary outcomes included blood pH and percentage change in creatinine. Clinical outcomes were length of ventilation and length of PICU stay.Results126 patients were included in the analysis. Patients receiving NS boluses tended to have a higher maximum chloride, higher average chloride, lower pH and higher percentage creatinine increase than those given PLA. Subgroup analysis showed a statistically significant difference in average serum chloride for the 61–90 ml/kg group {PLA 105.59±1.29 vs NS 111.29±2.1 mmol/L; difference: −6.21 [95% confidence interval (CI)−9.55,–2.87]}. Patients who received PLA tended to have a higher pH than those receiving NS. A statistically significant difference was seen in the 10–30 ml/kg group [PLA 7.42±0.49 vs NS 7.33±0.65; difference: 0.0913 (95% CI: −0.18 to −0.02)].Significant differences were not seen in the clinical outcomes of length of stay or ventilationConclusionPLA as a resuscitation fluid is significantly associated with a more physiological plasma chloride and pH across several resuscitation fluid volume categories, when compared to NS. The trends in the other fluid volume categories are in line with these findings, but are not statistically significant. There was also a trend towards patients receiving PLA having a lower percentage rise in creatinine than those who received saline. These results were consistent over all weight and age categories.

CLINICAL AND RADIOLOGIC OUTCOMES OF TWO TYPES OF CAGES USED IN THE TREATMENT OF DEGENERATIVE LUMBAR DISEASES: NOVEL TITANIUM CAGES VERSUS PEEK CAGES

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 2050004
Author(s):  
Meng-Yin Yang ◽  
Hsin-Huan Chang ◽  
Shao-Ching Chao
Keyword(s):  
Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Disc Disease ◽  
Degenerative Lumbar Diseases ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Height ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vas Scores ◽  
Titanium Cages

Purpose: This study reports the clinical effects of [Formula: see text]-shaped titanium cages (ReBorn Essence Z-Brace cages) and compares the clinical outcomes between [Formula: see text]-shaped titanium cages (ZTC group) and polyetheretherketone cages (PEEK cages, PK group) for the application in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF). Methods: A retrospective and case control study with six patients using PEEK cages and four patients using ZTC was conducted. All patients underwent TLIF and had a 3-month follow-up. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were selected to assess the pain of low back and neurological status. The intervertebral disc height (DH) and segmental angle (SA) were also measured to estimate the radiological changes. At the 3-month follow-up, the fusion and subsidence rates were evaluated. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding the ODI and VAS scores. At the 3-month follow-up, the subsidence rates were 42% and 0% for the PK and ZTC groups, respectively; the bony fusion rates were 67% and 100% for the PK and ZTC groups, respectively. Conclusion: The study has indicated that both PEEK and [Formula: see text]-shaped titanium cages can be effective options used to treat degenerative disc disease (DDD). Moreover, the higher fusion and lower subsidence rates have revealed that [Formula: see text]-shaped titanium cages may be a better choice compared to PEEK cages for lumbar reconstruction after TLIF.

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