scholarly journals Origin, Evolution, Breeding, and Omics of Chayote, an Important Cucurbitaceae Vegetable Crop

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Ting Pu ◽  
Qing Luo ◽  
Lin-Hong Wen ◽  
Yu-Rong Li ◽  
Ping-Hong Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Research ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Basic And Applied Research ◽  
Excellent Source ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid ◽  
Cucurbitaceae Family

Chayote (Sechium edule), a member of the Cucurbitaceae family, is cultivated throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world and utilized in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries because it is an excellent source of minerals, dietary fibers, protein, vitamins, carotenoids, polysaccharides, phenolic and flavonoid compounds, and other nutrients. Chayote extracts process various medicinal properties, such as anti-cardiovascular, antidiabetic, antiobesity, antiulcer, and anticancer properties. With the rapid advancements of molecular biology and sequencing technology, studies on chayote have been carried out. Research advances, including molecular makers, breeding, genomic research, chemical composition, and pests and diseases, regarding chayote are reviewed in this paper. Future exploration and application trends are briefly described. This review provides a reference for basic and applied research on chayote, an important Cucurbitaceae vegetable crop.

scholarly journals Health Benefits of Uses and Applications of Moringa oleifera in Bakery Products

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 318
Author(s):  
Paula García Milla ◽  
Rocío Peñalver ◽  
Gema Nieto
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Bakery Products ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Functional Value ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Excellent Source

Moringa oleifera belongs to the Moringaceae family and is the best known of the native Moringa oleifera genus. For centuries, it has been used as a system of Ayurvedic and Unani medicine and has a wide range of nutritional and bioactive compounds, including proteins, essential amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, fibre, vitamins, minerals, phenolic compounds, phytosterols and others. These characteristics allow it to have pharmacological properties, including anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, antioxidant, cardioprotective, antimicrobial and hepatoprotective properties. The entire Moringa oleifera plant is edible, including its flowers, however, it is not entirely safe, because of compounds that have been found mainly in the root and bark, so the leaf was identified as the safest. Moringa oleifera is recognised as an excellent source of phytochemicals, with potential applications in functional and medicinal food preparations due to its nutritional and medicinal properties; many authors have experimented with incorporating it mainly in biscuits, cakes, brownies, meats, juices and sandwiches. The results are fascinating, as the products increase their nutritional value; however, the concentrations cannot be high, as this affects the organoleptic characteristics of the supplemented products. The aim of this study is to review the application of Moringa oleifera in bakery products, which will allow the creation of new products that improve their nutritional and functional value.

scholarly journals A study of deregulated MMR pathways and anticancer potential of curcuma derivatives using computational approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanjali Bhattacharya ◽  
Trupti N. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Mismatch Repair ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Signaling Cascades ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Multiple Signaling

AbstractPlant derived products have steadily gained momentum in treatment of cancer over the past decades. Curcuma and its derivatives, in particular, have diverse medicinal properties including anticancer potential with proven safety as supported by numerous in vivo and in vitro studies. A defective Mis-Match Repair (MMR) is implicated in solid tumors but its role in haematologic malignancies is not keenly studied and the current literature suggests that it is limited. Nonetheless, there are multiple pathways interjecting the mismatch repair proteins in haematologic cancers that may have a direct or indirect implication in progression of the disease. Here, through computational analysis, we target proteins that are involved in rewiring of multiple signaling cascades via altered expression in cancer using various curcuma derivatives (Curcuma longa L. and Curcuma caesia Roxb.) which in turn, profoundly controls MMR protein function. These biomolecules were screened to identify their efficacy on selected targets (in blood-related cancers); aberrations of which adversely impacted mismatch repair machinery. The study revealed that of the 536 compounds screened, six of them may have the potential to regulate the expression of identified targets and thus revive the MMR function preventing genomic instability. These results reveal that there may be potential plant derived biomolecules that may have anticancer properties against the tumors driven by deregulated MMR-pathways.

Phytochemical characterization of Caraway (Carum carvi) seed extract and its use as a potent medicinal agent

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
Vivek Chauhan ◽  
Sunita Devi ◽  
Sonaxi Sharma ◽  
Shamsher S. Kanwar
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Carum Carvi ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
The Village

Carum carvi (Caraway) is a member of Apiaceae family which originated in Asia. Due to its economic importance, it is widely cultivated. Caraway is the only annual species, commonly present in arable land, moist meadows and on low lands to mountains. Caraway has different applications in pharmaceutical and food industries. Phytochemical screening of different medicinal plants is helpful in identifying new sources of industrially and therapeutically important compounds. In this study, Caraway obtained from forest surrounding the village Goherman, Lahaul and Spiti, Himachal Pradesh (India) was used. Seed extract of caraway extracted in methanol (MSE) and distilled water (WSE) was used for phytochemical analysis to determine the constituents of caraway seeds. Further, caraway seeds extract was checked for antibacterial activity [Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Salmonella typhimurium (NCTC 74), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228)], antioxidant activity and acid neutralizing activity. After analysing the results, it can be said that caraway seeds possess many medicinal properties and it can be used in enhancing human health.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Compounds from Crustaceans and Their Applications for Extending Shelf-Life of Marine-Based Foods

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 629-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oladipupo Odunayo Olatunde ◽  
Soottawat Benjakul ◽  
Ahmet Faruk Yesilsu
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Antimicrobial Compound ◽  
Slow Response ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Essential Nutrient ◽  
Fresh Products ◽  
Natural Preservatives

Antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms have become a major challenge for public health and food industries because of their fast adaptability and slow response to synthetic antimicrobials. Bioactive compounds from marine sources exert various biological roles including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, and anticancer properties. Their advantage as an antimicrobial compound is gradually be exploited, particularly in marine-based foods (MBFs), which are highly perishable since they are abundant in proteins, lipids, and other nutrients. Also, the growing demand for fresh products with prolonged shelf-life is making the MBFs industry to urgently seek the effective methods for preservation of fresh or refrigerated MBFs. Crustaceans, which are invertebrates, are valuable source of essential nutrient based on their richness in protein, carbohydrate, minerals, lipids, and vitamins. Additionally, the by-product from the processing of crustaceans could be used as an alternative source of antimicrobials, which can be employed in MBFs as natural preservatives. This review therefore revisited the recovery of antimicrobials compounds such as antimicrobial peptides, carotenoids, and chitosan derivatives from crustaceans. The uses of these crustacean antimicrobials in extending the shelf-life of MBFs are also discussed.

scholarly journals Ethical Endgames: Broad Consent for Narrow Interests; Open Consent for Closed Minds

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 572-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAN REINERT KARLSEN ◽  
JAN HELGE SOLBAKK ◽  
SØREN HOLM
Keyword(s):  
Biological Material ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Genomic Research ◽  
Broad Consent ◽  
Open Consent ◽  
Basic And Applied Research ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Human Biological Material

The ongoing legal and bioethics debates on consent requirements for collecting, storing, and utilizing human biological material for purposes of basic and applied research—that is, genomic research biobanking—have already managed to pass through three ostensibly dissimilar stages

scholarly journals Fumigation and Solarization Practice in Plasticulture Systems

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Stapleton
Keyword(s):  
Driving Force ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Soil Disinfestation ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
The Past ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Phase Out

Soil disinfestation strategies for intensive vegetable crop production, which have relied heavily on chemical fumigants for the past 40 years, are now undergoing rapid change. The principal driving force of change has been governmental regulatory action to phase out chemicals with properties deemed to be hazardous to the environment and/or public health. Softer methods of soil disinfestation, which rely more on physical, cultural, biological, or integrated modes of action, likely will predominate in future vegetable-cropping systems. In conducive (i.e., warm) climates, solarization can be adopted economically in plasticulture systems. Solarization can be combined with other chemical, physical, and biological methods for enhanced management of soil and root pests and diseases.

scholarly journals Daikon Radish Cultivation Guide for Florida

EDIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Dixon ◽  
Guodong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Large White ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Growing Conditions

Daikon radish is a versatile vegetable crop in the mustard family. It produces a large, white, cylindrical fleshy root weighing up to 4-7 lb. Daikon radish is an especially common vegetable in Asia, particularly Japan, and it tends to be less spicy than other garden types of radish. This new 7-page publication of the UF/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Department provides a primer on cultivation of daikon in Florida, including sections on propagation, growing conditions, pests and diseases, and agricultural, culinary, and medicinal uses. Written by Mary Dixon and Guodong Liu.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1370

THE BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN WEEDS.: 64. Datura stramonium L.

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 979-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUSAN E. WEAVER ◽  
SUZANNE I. WARWICK
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Chromosome Morphology ◽  
Experimental Plant ◽  
Alternate Host ◽  
Weed Biology ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
The World ◽  
Medicinal Properties

Datura stramonium L. (Solanaceae) is an annual weed found in most temperate and subtropical regions of the world. It has been recorded from all the provinces of Canada except Newfoundland, but is most common in Ontario and Quebec. It occurs in waste places, gardens, barnyards and, increasingly, in cultivated fields. Datura stramonium serves as an alternate host for many insect pests and diseases of Solanaceous crops, such as tomatoes, tobacco and potatoes, and has both narcotic and medicinal properties due to its production of a variety of alkaloids. It has been used extensively as an experimental plant in studies of genetics, chromosome morphology and embryonic development.Key words: Weed biology, jimsonweed, Datura stramonium, distribution

scholarly journals Molecular identification of Shiitake [Lentinula edodes Berk (Pegler)] and production of secondary metabolites with biotechnological potential

Bionatura ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1183-1188
Author(s):  
Byron Durán-Rivera ◽  
Felipe Rojas-Rodas ◽  
Wilber Silva-López ◽  
Crhistian Gómez-Suárez ◽  
Dagoberto Castro-Restrepo
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Lentinula Edodes ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Japanese Strain ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Growing Conditions

The Shitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) is the second most-consumed mushroom in the world; in Colombia, it is cultivated and commercialized on a small scale in some supermarkets. Little is known about the precedence, nutritional and medicinal properties of Shiitake produced in Colombia. In this study, four shiitake isolates were grown in Colombia (LEUCO1, LEUCO2, LEUCO3, and LEUCO4) were sequenced in their ITS genes and evaluated for the production of three medicinal metabolites, eritadenine, ergotioneine and β-glucans (1,3-1, 6), using submerged culture. Genetic analysis revealed that all the isolates were close and related to the Japanese strain Cr62. LEUCO1 and LEUCO2 showed a distance of 0.000, as well as LEUCO3 and LEUCO4. All four isolates produced erythadenin in a range of 26.3-8.6 mg / L, with the best performance of LEUCO1 at 26.3 mg / L (p <0.05). Ergotioneine was produced with similar statistical yields in all the isolates with an average of 0.7 mg / g of dry weight biomass (DW). Β-glucans (1.3-1.6) were produced with yields of 5.6 - 3.8% of DW biomass, with the best values ​​for LEUCO2 and the lowest for LEUCO4 (p <0.05). In conclusion, we identified low genetic diversity in the four isolates, corresponding to two haplotypes with minimal genetic difference between them, related to the Japanese strain Cr62, indicating that Colombian farmers cultivate almost the same strains of shitake. Secondary metabolites, eritadenine, β-glucans and ergotioneine were found in promising yields useful for the pharmaceutical and food industries. More studies should be conducted to improve the yield of shitake metabolites through new growing conditions for industrial production and to find metabolic pathways and related genes.

scholarly journals Medicinal Properties Screening of Mallotus paniculatus Extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
NA Bahaman ◽  
R Ahmad Raus ◽  
Y Ahmad Nor ◽  
AA Mamun ◽  
NS Adzahar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Antifungal Properties ◽  
Hela Cell Lines ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Introduction: Traditionally, Mallotus paniculatus (Balik Angin) plant is used in the treatment of various diseases in rural areas such as remedy after childbirth, wound healing and fever. In this present study, four medicinal properties of the plant were investigated which included antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer and antioxidant activities. Materials and Methods: Potential medicinal compounds were extracted from the plant leaves by sonication with 3 different solvents namely ethanol, ethyl acetate and hexane respectively. The antibacterial and antifungal properties were determined using disc diffusion agar and broth dilution assay, the antioxidant activity by DPPH scavenging assay and the anticancer effect by MTT assay. Results: From the screening of the medicinal properties, M. paniculatus leave extracts were shown to possess antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer properties but not antifungal properties. Ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of the leave were active against gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) but not gram negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli). The antioxidant activity of the ethanolic crude extract was high; with IC50 of 30 μg/ml comparable with the positive controls; ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Both ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts were cytotoxic against breast cancer (MCF7), colon cancer (HT-29), cervix cancer (Hela) cell lines. Conclusion: M. paniculatus leave extract has many potential medicinal values for further studies.

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