scholarly journals Self-Regulation of Slippery Deadlines: The Role of Procrastination in Work Performance

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piers Steel ◽  
Daphne Taras ◽  
Allen Ponak ◽  
John Kammeyer-Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Task Characteristics ◽  
Expectancy Value ◽  
Grievance Arbitration ◽  
Arbitration Procedure ◽  
Critical Criterion ◽  
The Mean

We investigated the causes and impact of procrastination on “slippery deadlines,” where the due date is ill-defined and can be autonomously extended, using the unique applied setting of grievance arbitration across two studies. In Study One, using 3 years of observed performance data derived from Canadian arbitration cases and a survey of leading arbitrators, we examined the effect of individual differences, self-regulatory skills, workloads and task characteristics on time delay. Observed delay here is a critical criterion, where justice is emphasized to be swift and sure. Multilevel Modeling established trait procrastination as a substantive predictor of observed delay, equivalent to the environmental contributors of expediting the arbitration procedure or grievance complexity. Also, despite substantive negative consequence of delay for both arbitrators and their clients, arbitrators who scored one standard deviation above the mean in procrastination took approximately 83 days to write their decisions compared to the 26 days for arbitrators one standard deviation below the mean. In Study Two, we conducted a replication and extension survey with a much larger group of American arbitrators. Consistent with Temporal Motivation Theory (TMT), trait procrastination was largely explained by expectancy, value, and sensitivity to time related traits and skills, which together accounted for majority of the variance in trait procrastination, leaving little left for other explanations. For example, perfectionism connection to procrastination appears to be distal, being largely mediated by each of TMT’s core variables. Finally, procrastination was largely synonymous with a deadline pacing style, indicating that observed delay can be used as a proxy for procrastination as long as little or no prior work was done (e.g., a u-shaped pacing style is not synonymous). In all, our results indicate that procrastination is rampant in the workplace and has seriously detrimental effects.

Can foreign aid free the press?

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
NABAMITA DUTTA ◽  
CLAUDIA R. WILLIAMSON
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Mean

AbstractCan foreign aid help free the press? Aid may boost press freedom by incentivizing government to reduce media regulations and provide financial support for infrastructure. Alternatively, foreign aid may prevent press freedom by expanding the role of the state and promoting government over private enterprises. We contend that the magnitude of foreign aid's influence is conditional on the existence of democratic checks. Using panel data from 1994 to 2010, we find evidence suggesting that aid significantly increases press freedom in democracies but insignificantly relates to press freedom in autocracies. Collectively, the results suggest that a standard deviation increase in aid to a country at the mean level of democracy increases press freedom by approximately a 1/20th standard deviation. Overall, the findings suggest that donors should be cautious as most aid recipients are not democratic and aid leads to only relatively small marginal improvements in press freedom.

scholarly journals Unplanned Absenteeism: The Role of Workplace and Non-Workplace Stressors

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Adibah Mat Saruan ◽  
Hanizah Mohd Yusoff ◽  
Mohd Fadhli Mohd Fauzi ◽  
Sharifa Ezat Wan Puteh ◽  
Rosnawati Muhamad Robat
Keyword(s):  
Work Performance ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Staff Support ◽  
Workplace Stressors ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Mean

Unplanned absenteeism (UA), which includes medically certified leave (MC) or emergency leave (EL), among nurses may disturb the work performance of their team and disrupt the quality of patient care. Currently, there is limited study in Malaysia that examines the role of stressors in determining absenteeism among nurses. Therefore, apart from estimating the prevalence and the reasons of UA among nurses in Malaysia, this study aims to determine its stressor-related determinants. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 697 randomly sampled nurses working in Selangor, Malaysia. Most of them were female (97.3%), married (83.4%), and working in shifts (64.4%) in hospital settings (64.3%). In the past year, the prevalence of ever taking MC and EL were 49.1% and 48.4%, respectively. The mean frequency of MC and EL were 1.80 (SD = 1.593) and 1.92 (SD = 1.272) times, respectively. Meanwhile, the mean duration of MC and EL were 4.24 (SD = 10.355) and 2.39 (SD = 1.966) days, respectively. The most common reason for MC and EL was unspecified fever (39.2%) and child sickness (51.9%), respectively. The stressor-related determinants of durations of MC were inadequate preparation at the workplace (Adj.b = −1.065) and conflict with doctors (adjusted regression coefficient (Adj.b) = 0.491). On the other hand, the stressor-related determinants of durations of EL were conflict with spouse (Adj.b = 0.536), sexual conflict (Adj.b = −0.435), no babysitter (Adj.b = 0.440), inadequate preparation at workplace (Adj.b = 0.257), lack of staff support (Adj.b = −0.190) and conflict with doctors (Adj.b = −0.112). The stressor-related determinants of the frequency of MC were conflicts over household tasks (Adj.b = −0.261), no time with family (Adj.b = 0.257), dangerous surroundings (Adj.b = 0.734), conflict with close friends (Adj.b = −0.467), and death and dying (Adj.b = 0.051). In contrast, the stressor-related determinants of frequency of EL were not enough money (Adj.b = −0.334), conflicts with spouse (Adj.b = 0.383), pressure from relatives (Adj.b = 0.207), and inadequate preparation (Adj.b = 0.090). In conclusion, apart from the considerably high prevalence of unplanned absenteeism and its varying frequency, duration and reasons, there is no clear distinction in the role between workplace and non-workplace stressors in determining MC or EL among nurses in Malaysia; thus, preventive measures that target both type of stressors are warranted. Future studies should consider longitudinal design and mixed-method approaches using a comprehensive model of absenteeism.

scholarly journals Effect of Cognitive skills Building in Achieve Superior Performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-162
Author(s):  
Lamia Salman Abdul Ali ◽  
Ali Hamed Ghaleem Al-Zuhairi
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Good Interest ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
The Mean

The of Consideration cognitive Skills as important skills that help the leaders in organizations to achieve Working procedures by adapting with Dynamic External environment , then ach ieve the Superior performance and Excellence on the rest of the organizations .Upon that basis crystallization the intellectual and practical sides of this study for clarification the philosophy of the role of cognitive Skills in achieve Superior performance , and attempt to find solutions for the prevailing problem in Ministry of Science and Technology that namely incapacity for Superior performance .It has been relying on curriculum of Empirical Study as curriculum help to deep comprehensive analysis for study problem , In addition to relying on Questionnaire for collecting of the basic data .In addition to relying in statistical side on the Quintet scale addition to Statistical tools that concern with the Mean Weighted ,standard deviation , Percentage Weighted , The coefficient of variation and The correlation coefficient . The most important conclusions that the study reached in the practical side that: there are a good interest by leaders in dimensions of cognitive Skills, and weak interest by them in dimensions of the Superior performance. Based on that the study recommends for increase the interest in dimensions of cognitive Skills, and focus on dimensions of the Superior performance.

scholarly journals Secondary Dentin as an Aid in Gender Predilection: A Forensic Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Himanshu Singh ◽  
Vedant Patel ◽  
Rahul A. Razdan ◽  
Deepak Jha ◽  
Prachi Nayak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Image Analysis Software ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Secondary Dentine ◽  
Dentin Thickness

Abstract Background Forensic odontology deals with age, sex, and race determination of the deceased at crime scenes, disasters, or natural calamities. Studies regarding the role of secondary dentin in age estimation have been documented on a several occasions in the literature but use of secondary dentin in gender predilection has not yet been documented. So, the present study was aimed at using the secondary dentin as a diagnostic tool in gender predilection. Materials and Methods The study included a total of 20 samples (10 males and 10 females). Extracted teeth were collected and placed in 10% neutral buffered formalin solution. The sections were ground on Arkansas stone until the appropriate thickness of the ground sections was achieved. The freshly prepared ground section was mounted on a slide using DPX mounting media. Ground sections were visualized under a microscope and the thickness of secondary dentine was measured using the image analysis software. Results The data were collected and subjected to group statistics. The secondary dentin thickness of all the samples, males and females, was measured. It was observed in our study that the mean thickness of secondary dentin was more in male samples (0.2970) with the standard deviation of 0.01494, as compared with that of females where the mean thickness was found to be 0.1970 with the standard deviation of 0.02058. Conclusion This study has shown that variation in secondary dentin thickness does exist between male and female groups. This criterion can be considered as an aid for gender determination in the future.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Role of Twitter in Increasing the Awareness and Knowledge about Diabetes Among Citizens of Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 605-611
Author(s):  
Hala Alhodaib ◽  
Manal Alshakhs ◽  
Sara Alsaidan ◽  
Hamdah Aldossari ◽  
Maryam Alnass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetes Knowledge ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Twitter Users ◽  
Paired T Test

Purpose: The objective of this research was to evaluate the role of Twitter in increasing the awareness and knowledge of diabetes among citizens of Saudi Arabia. Methods: In this research we used a purposive sampling method and carried out a quantitative experimental study design. The participants were adults Twitter users from Saudi Arabia that had relative diabetic patients. The sample size was 200 participants, which were divided into an intervention and a control group. Each group consisted of 100 participants. The intervention group was recruited through Twitter, and the control group was recruited through WhatsApp. Data were analyzed and interpreted using statistical techniques, such as paired t-test, the simple t-test and the ANOVA. Results: The mean diabetes knowledge test (DKT) score of the intervention group was Mean=13.57, SD= 3.46. After the intervention process, the mean (M) increased to 17.06 and the standard deviation (SD) decreased to 2.35. According to these outcomes, the paired t-test showed that the use of Twitter had an influence on increasing diabetes awareness. Instead, for the control group, the mean (M) was 13.68, and the standard deviation (SD) was 3.72 at the baseline. During the study process, the mean (M) of the control group increased to 14 and the standard deviation (SD) augmented to 3.59. Then, according to the paired t-test, we concluded that in the control group, there was no effect on the participants’ knowledge. Conclusion: The results suggested that Twitter had a positive impact on increasing awareness and diabetes knowledge among adult Twitter users in Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals The Communities Understandings on the Roles of Government in Mitigating Trans boundary Haze Pollution in Sarawak Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahi Sarok ◽  
Mohd Nashriq Bin Nizam
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Haze Pollution ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Collection Methods

This study examines the communities understandings on the disaster risk management, government actions in  the legislation and enforcement and the role of ASEAN’s in dealing with trans boundary haze pollution  in the Sri Aman, Sarawak. Data collection methods was based on the interview schedule. The analysis was constructed on one hundred (100) respondents. A five-point Likert Scale is used which consist of five main constructs that us related to the objectives of the study namely, the community’s understanding of the haze issue, the awareness of the Disaster Risk Management on haze, government’s action in addressing the haze issue, ASEAN’s role in dealing with trans boundary haze pollution and the impact of haze on community’s livelihood. The study’s result shows that community in Sri Aman are generally agree with understanding on the haze issue with the mean of 4.39 and standard deviation of 0.81. Besides, the community are also aware on the Disaster Risk Management towards haze with the respondent’s feedback that shows that almost 70.0 percent agreed as their feedback. Majority of the respondents (93.86%) with the mean of ranging from 4.26 to 4.83 and standard deviation from 0.38 to 0.91 are agree and support the action from government. The construct on ASEAN’s role in dealing with trans boundary haze pollution has a positive result with mean of 4.20 and standard deviation of 0.77. While, the impact of haze towards their livelihood shows that most of the respondents understand with the value mean of 4.29. The communities in Sri Aman understand the Disaster Risk Management, a government’s action on the legislation and enforcement and the ASEAN’s role when dealing with trans boundary haze. However the community need to be exposed with Disaster Risk Management Training and adopt it is because it will help them to analyse and learn from their experience on the disaster.  Eventually it will enhance the communities understanding on risk posed by trans boundary haze..

scholarly journals Penggunaan Audit Klinis Sebagai Cara Pembelajaran untuk Meningkatkan Perilaku Peserta Didik PPDS Onkologi Radiasi Periode September 2010 - Maret 2011

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Fielda Djuita ◽  
Harsono Mardiwiyoto ◽  
Ova Emilia ◽  
Soehartati Soehartati
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Clinical Audit ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Audit Score ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Performance

Background: Clinical Audit is one of the formative evaluations that conducted to maintain and increase behavior and performance of the Radiation Oncology students, as an effort to maintain radiotherapy services and grant the quality of education. The objective of this study is to evaluate the role of clinical audit in improving students’ behavior.Method: This was a quasi-experimental research time series. We have done audit to the medical record chart of the residences at Policlinic I, II, III and stay at semester 3, 4, 5 in FK UI/RSUPNCM between September 2010 and December 2011 (T0). Audit had done by the author and one of the lectures. After analyzing the audit report, the reports were sent to the students one by one through email followed by forwarding it to the lecturer involved in this research. Then we continue the audit by performing the second clinical audit (T1) from January until March 2011. We used the mean score from the two auditors. The score divided into 4 groups as follows: hospital clinical record, treatment prescription, simulation and planning also evaluation during treatment. After that the author compared the audit score before and after intervention with t-test.Results: There were 16 Oncology Radiation students with 163 cases (To) and 156 cases (T1) who worked at Policlinic I, II and III. Behavior mean score is 1.9229 (T0), standard deviation 0.0514 and mean score after first intervention is 1.9764, standard deviation 0.0479 with p= 0.006.Conclusion: The students’ behaviors and performance are changed significantly after intervention.

scholarly journals Dynamics of air temperature in the main types of mountain Crimea regional ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-54
Author(s):  
Roman V. Gorbunov ◽  
Vladimir A. Tabunshchik ◽  
Tatyana Yu. Gorbunova ◽  
Maria S. Safonova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Geoinformation Modeling ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Temperature Standard

Climate change in Crimea is characterized by spatial heterogeneity in the displacement of air temperature fields, due to the influence of regional and local factors. There are currently no works devoted to the study of the reaction of regional ecosystems to changes in air temperature in Crimea. Based on open databases of reanalysis, geoinformation modeling the results of studies of the dynamics of air temperature in the main types of ecosystems of the Mountain Crimea under conditions of climate change are presented. For each circulation epoch and period of the Northern Hemisphere, maps of average annual temperatures were obtained along the landscape contours of the Crimean Peninsula. A map of the standard deviation of temperature within the landscape contours was made. For key areas, the mean annual air temperature, standard deviation, and factorial entropy were calculated. The main regularities of air temperature dynamics in the main types of Mountain Crimea ecosystems with the change of circulation epochs and periods of the Northern Hemisphere are revealed. Based on the analysis of the dynamics of the standard deviation and factor entropy, the role of changes in air temperature in the formation of strategies for the development or stabilization of the main types of regional ecosystems in Mountain Crimea is shown.

scholarly journals Morphometry of talar trochlear surface and its correlation

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (03) ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
Suresh Narayanan ◽  
Vljisha Phalgunan ◽  
Nachiket Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Load Transmission ◽  
Articular Surfaces ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Strength Of Association ◽  
Surface Length ◽  
Surface Angle

Abstract Background and objectives: The morphometry of talus represents its biomechanical role in transmission of body weight. The objective of the study was to find the shape of trochlea and its correlation with other articular surfaces. Methodology: A total of 160 dry Tali of unknown sex were utilised for this study, its trochlear surface length-anterior, middle and posterior breadth [TSL, TSAB, TSMB and TSPB], calcaneal surface length & breadth [CSL and CSB] and navicular surface length & breadth [NSL and NSB] were measured using digital vernier caliper. Trochlear surface angle [TSA] and depth angle [DA] were calculated using image J software. The mean and standard deviation of the parameters were calculated. Side differences between the parameters were calculated by independent sample t test and the strength of association between the parameters was calculated by Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: The results were trochlear surface length, anterior, middle and posterior breadth [29.6 ± 2.7, 31 ± 2.5, 28.2 ± 2.6 and21.4± 2.1mm], navicular surface length & breadth [29.7 ± 2.5 & 20.5 ± 1.7mm] and calcaneal surface length & breadth [30 ± 2.4 &19.8 ± 1.6mm]. The mean trochlear surface and depth angle were 9.7 ± 3.3 and 156 ± 5.1 degrees. There was significant correlation between the parameters of the articular surfaces. Conclusion: The present study helps in understanding the morphology of talus and the role of articular surfaces in load transmission.

scholarly journals The Mediatory Role of Exercise Self-Regulation in the Relationship between Personality Traits and Anger Management of Athletes

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Somayeh Shahbazzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Reza Beliad
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Anger Management ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigates the mediatory role of exercise self-regulation role in the relationship between personality traits and anger management among athletes. The statistical population of this study includes all athlete students of Shar-e Ghods College, among which 260 people were selected as sample using random sampling method. In addition, the analysis was done using structural equation modeling and path analysis through SPSS and Amous software. The results indicated that in investigating the effect of personality traits on anger management, neuroticism impacts on anger management positively and agreeableness and conscientiousness impact on anger management negatively. In response to the second question, it was concluded that exercise self-regulation impacts on anger management positively, so that with one increase in the standard deviation of exercise self-regulation scores, 0.224 standard deviation is added to anger management. Therefore, in response to the third research question, it was concluded that exercise self-regulation mediates the effect of agreeableness and conscientiousness on anger management significantly.

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