scholarly journals At the Epicenter of COVID-19–the Tragic Failure of the Global Supply Chain for Medical Supplies

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonu Bhaskar ◽  
Jeremy Tan ◽  
Marcel L. A. M. Bogers ◽  
Timo Minssen ◽  
Hishamuddin Badaruddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Global Supply Chain ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact

The tragic failure of the global supply chain in the face of the current coronavirus outbreak has caused acute shortages of essential frontline medical devices and personal protective equipment, crushing fear among frontline health workers and causing fundamental concerns about the sustainability of the health system. Much more coordination, integration, and management of global supply chains will be needed to mitigate the impact of the pandemics. This article describes the pressing need to revisit the governance and resilience of the supply chains that amplified the crisis at pandemic scale. We propose a model that profiles critical stockpiles and improves production efficiency through new technologies such as advanced analytics and blockchain. A new governance system that supports intervention by public-health authorities during critical emergencies is central to our recommendation, both in the face of the current crisis and to be better prepared for potential future crises. These reinforcements offer the potential to minimize the compromise of our healthcare workers and health systems due to infection exposure and build capacity toward preparedness and action for a future outbreak.

Moving toward a Global Supply Chain Operations and the Impact on International Competition

2012 ◽  
pp. 1626-1636
Author(s):  
Seyed-Mahmoud Aghazadeh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Supply Chain ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
Domestic Firms ◽  
Foreign Products ◽  
The Impact

As the domestic businesses expand, many are making the choice to use foreign products, labor, and services to aid in their production. Global supply chains are minimizing the costs of the production process but are also creating vulnerabilities to home countries. As the global economy changes, the competitiveness between countries grows. Competitiveness can affect everything from a country’s economy to how a firm conducts international business. Addressing the need to find a method to increase the United States competitiveness in the world economy by improving the use of global supply chains would help to make domestic firms more successful in the global economy. Studying how companies position themselves abroad is important to providing insight into how to become more competitive. Worldwide companies are diversifying by moving more of their supply chain to international locations. This is providing them with many benefits such as better markets for products, lower costs, and more advanced technologies. As a result, the competitive strategy of companies is to increase production and decrease costs through the most efficient global supply chain. Maximizing the potential of domestic firms’ global supply chains is one of the most effective ways to increase U.S. competitiveness. If more big businesses in the United States are willing to participate on the global level, then the US will be able to improve their competitiveness.

Moving toward a Global Supply Chain Operations and the Impact on International Competition

2013 ◽  
pp. 466-476
Author(s):  
Seyed-Mahmoud Aghazadeh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Supply Chain ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
Domestic Firms ◽  
Foreign Products ◽  
The Impact

As the domestic businesses expand, many are making the choice to use foreign products, labor, and services to aid in their production. Global supply chains are minimizing the costs of the production process but are also creating vulnerabilities to home countries. As the global economy changes, the competitiveness between countries grows. Competitiveness can affect everything from a country’s economy to how a firm conducts international business. Addressing the need to find a method to increase the United States competitiveness in the world economy by improving the use of global supply chains would help to make domestic firms more successful in the global economy. Studying how companies position themselves abroad is important to providing insight into how to become more competitive. Worldwide companies are diversifying by moving more of their supply chain to international locations. This is providing them with many benefits such as better markets for products, lower costs, and more advanced technologies. As a result, the competitive strategy of companies is to increase production and decrease costs through the most efficient global supply chain. Maximizing the potential of domestic firms’ global supply chains is one of the most effective ways to increase U.S. competitiveness. If more big businesses in the United States are willing to participate on the global level, then the US will be able to improve their competitiveness.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Disruption Strategy for Redesigning Global Supply Chain Network across TPP Countries

Logistics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Takaki Nagao ◽  
Hiromasa Ijuin ◽  
Tetsuo Yamada ◽  
Keisuke Nagasawa ◽  
Lei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Integer Programming ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Cost Minimization ◽  
Global Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Network ◽  
Structural Effects ◽  
The Impact

Background: COVID-19 has disrupted and adversely affected supply chains worldwide. A global supply chain network that considers disruptions is needed. This study strategically analyzes the economic and structural effects of disruption on a global supply chain network with customs duty and the trans-pacific partnership (TPP) agreement. Methods: We present a cost minimization model which helps in understanding the difficulty of supplying materials or products to factories or customers if the supplier’s cities are facing disruption. This enables us to model and evaluate simultaneous considerations of supplier disruption, customs duty, and TPP in redesigning a global supply chain network. This network is modeled and formulated using integer programming, disruption scenarios, and a sensitivity analysis for customs duty. Results: Regarding the impact of disruptions on suppliers, two patterns emerge in the reconfigured network: direct changes due to supplier disruptions and indirect changes due to factory relocation. The sensitivity analysis for customs duty shows that the TPP has a positive impact on cost maintained, even in the presence of disruptions. Conclusions: Suppliers should be switched depending on the scale of disruption; when many distant suppliers need to be switched, the factory should be relocated to the country where these suppliers are located.

scholarly journals Innovative solutions for forming supply chains in the conditions of economic instability

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 06046
Author(s):  
Tatiana Kharlamova ◽  
Andrey Kharlamov ◽  
Peter Lemeshchenko
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Economic Instability ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Important Trend ◽  
The Face ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Implementation Of Innovations ◽  
The Impact

The article examines the changes in the requirements for the development and implementation of innovations in the process of forming and improving supply chains in the face of increasing economic instability. Economic instability is presented as the most important trend in the modern economy and significant factor forming new requirements for supply chains. This, in turn, involves the improvement of applied technologies and development of new technologies, as well as the search for progressive technical and managerial solutions to meet the interests of a wide range of business entities and consumers of goods and services. A distinctive feature of this study is the fact that economic instability is viewed by the authors through the prism of both economic and non-economic processes having, inter alia, an impact on the economic system, including political, military, environmental, epidemiological and other processes. The article focuses on the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic, as well as its impact on logistics solutions, and the specific demands on supply chains. It is substantiated that the introduction of technical and managerial innovations in this area will allow us to take into account the features and consequences of the impact of COVID-19 on the economy and to effectively influence the processes associated with improving supply chains. Thus, it will ensure compliance with the requirements and conditions determined by modern conditions associated with increased economic instability.

scholarly journals Global Trends in World Market Dynamics

2021 ◽  
pp. 185-196
Author(s):  
Liuba TURCHYN
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Global Supply Chain ◽  
World Bank Group ◽  
Global Business ◽  
The World ◽  
Total Turnover ◽  
The Impact

The article examines current trends in world markets. The effects of coronavirus (COVID-19) on the global business environment have been identified. Thus, the World Bank Group highlights the uneven recovery of the economy due to coronavirus (COVID-19), in addition, it is expected that the level of world GDP in 2021 will be 3.2 % lower than expected before the pandemic, and GDP per capita among many emerging and developed economies, COVID-19 peaks are expected to remain below peak levels for a long time to come. It has been found that the rate of recovery in countries may also differ between generations and income groups, as they have been unevenly affected by the economic downturn. Therefore, businesses will need to monitor the macroeconomic environment and carefully assess the revenue and expenditure dynamics of their target consumer groups in order to propose appropriate pricing strategies and the value of their products and services. Emerging economies continue to move from key industries to higher value-added activities in the global supply chain. In addition, global trade and multinational businesses are subject to tighter controls as consumers increasingly demand more transparent and socially responsible supply chains. The pandemic shocked the global supply chain and exposed its fragility. In 2020, world exports fell by 7.2 % in US dollars, while supply bottlenecks affected various industries — from retail to manufacturing. Governments are now seeking to tighten control over critical supplies such as medicines and medical equipment, while companies are seeking to increase sustainability in supply chains. It is investigated that the uneven impacts of the pandemic itself, the pace of economic recovery vary widely in different countries. For example, the UK economy has experienced the worst downturn in 300 years, shrinking by almost 10 %. The impact on jobs was also unprecedented and ten times worse than during the global financial crisis of 2009, when in 2020 the world lost 114 million jobs. The state of world trade in general, as well as the volume and dynamics of export-import operations in Ukraine are analyzed. Thus, the total turnover in Ukraine in 2020 decreased by 6.5 % compared to the previous year. Imports decreased in 2020 by 10.3 % less than in 2019.

scholarly journals COVID‐19 Pandemic Impact on the Exports and Imports

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Gabriela Belu
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Global Supply Chain ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Operating Strategies ◽  
The Impact

This paper’s objectives are the following: describing the impact of the COVID 19 crisis on the mechanism of export-import operations; the evolution of Romania’s export-import activities during 2020-2021 and identifying some recommendations meant to help companies fight the sanitary crisis’ effects. The study is based on a theoretical research investigating the impact of the sanitary crisis on the management of an export-import operation. Due to disruptions in global supply chains, the companies operating in the field of international trade had to redefine their operating strategies for the foreign markets. The magnitude of these changes related to the transactional mechanism specific to export-import activities will lead to profound mutations in the global supply chain, with benefits in term of resilience in all phases of the supply chain.

scholarly journals Education During a Pandemic: Prospects and Challenges of Digital Learning

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-64
Author(s):  
A. Zenkov
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Digital Learning ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
The Impact

The study focuses on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education systems around the world. The article reveals similarities and differences in decisions made by the responsible bodies in order to ensure the work of educational institutions during the current crisis caused by the new coronavirus pandemic. The author analyses the tools and facilities selected for education process and argues that in most cases digital technologies help students to continue their education even in the face of serious social shocks. At the same time, the downside of digital learning is also discussed. In a significant number of cases, the inability to attend schools and universities has a painful effect on the overall physical (such as food support), psychosocial (stress) and economic (additional costs associated with the need to use equipment and communication facilities) condition of both students and their families. The author emphasizes the pro and contra of digitalization as a vector for the development of education: new technologies not only contribute to solving the “old” issues of the industry, but also provoke the emergence of new challenges in this area. It is noted that the current situation in education can radically change not only the set of familiar tools for transferring knowledge, but also its content. Decision makers, heads of educational institutions, students and their parents face the challenge of finding the optimal ratio of “new” (digital) and “old” (classical) in the emerging model of education of the XXI century. The research is based on data published by international organizations (UN, ITU, UNESCO et al.), educational institutions of various countries of the world, and the author's personal teaching experience during the pandemic.

scholarly journals Sustainable Supply Chains with Blockchain, IoT and RFID: A Simulation on Order Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6372
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Varriale ◽  
Antonello Cammarano ◽  
Francesca Michelino ◽  
Mauro Caputo
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Sustainable Supply Chains ◽  
Time Performance ◽  
Order Management ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The digital transformation of supply chains should revolutionize entire management processes and improve various aspects of sustainability. In particular, the plans of Industry 4.0 aim towards a digitization of several procedures by exploiting emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things, RFID and blockchain. The purpose of this study is to highlight how order and disruption events processes can be improved with the adoption of emerging technologies and how this reflects on the improvement of sustainability aspects. The study is based on the comparison of two simulation scenarios between three actors in the cheese supply chain. In particular, a first traditional scenario “as is” is simulated without the use of new technologies and is compared to a second scenario “to be” that adopts IoT, RFID and blockchain. The results show an improvement in time performance for managing both perfect and non-compliant orders. The developed framework highlights the impact of new technologies on sustainability aspects, showing further managerial implications.

scholarly journals Mathematical model of the feedback between global supply chain disruption and COVID-19 dynamics

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingyu Li ◽  
Amin Ghadami ◽  
John M. Drake ◽  
Pejman Rohani ◽  
Bogdan I. Epureanu
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Global Supply Chain ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Supply Chain Disruption ◽  
Disease Networks ◽  
Resource Allocation Strategy ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe pandemic of COVID-19 has become one of the greatest threats to human health, causing severe disruptions in the global supply chain, and compromising health care delivery worldwide. Although government authorities sought to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2, by restricting travel and in-person activities, failure to deploy time-sensitive strategies in ramping-up of critical resource production exacerbated the outbreak. Here, we developed a mathematical model to analyze the effects of the interaction between supply chain disruption and infectious disease dynamics using coupled production and disease networks built on global data. Analysis of the supply chain model suggests that time-sensitive containment strategies could be created to balance objectives in pandemic control and economic losses, leading to a spatiotemporal separation of infection peaks that alleviates the societal impact of the disease. A lean resource allocation strategy can reduce the impact of supply chain shortages from 11.91 to 1.11% in North America. Our model highlights the importance of cross-sectoral coordination and region-wise collaboration to optimally contain a pandemic and provides a framework that could advance the containment and model-based decision making for future pandemics.

scholarly journals Developing Knowledge of Supply Chain Resilience in Less-Developed Countries in the Pandemic Age

Logistics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
João M. Lopes ◽  
Sofia Gomes ◽  
Lassana Mané
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Supply Chain Resilience ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
The Impact

The constraints imposed by the pandemic COVID-19 increased the risks of the disruption of supply chains, bringing new challenges to companies. These effects were felt more intensely in less-developed countries, which are highly dependent on imports of products and raw materials. This study aims to assess the impact of supply chain resilience in a less-developed country (Guinea-Bissau) using complex adaptive system theory. We used a qualitative methodology through multiple case studies. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with four companies. The semi-structured script contains questions about supply chain disruptions, vulnerabilities and resilience. The main results show that the companies in Guinea-Bissau, due to their dependence on the outside world and the absence of formal, larger and more diversified supply chains, suffered serious consequences with the disruption imposed by the pandemic. It was also concluded that the more resilient the supply chain, the fewer the impacts of crisis events and that the resilience of companies at this level depends on their obtaining competitive advantages over their competitors. The main practical implications of this study are the need to formalize the supply chain, diversify the supply of services and products of companies dependent on the exterior, adopt metrics that allow for the early detection of situations of supply chain disruption, effectively manage stocks and promote proactive crisis resolution strategies. Studies on the impact of resilience on supply chains in crises are scarce, especially on companies located in underdeveloped countries.

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