scholarly journals Dietary Phosphorus and Calcium Utilization in Growing Pigs: Requirements and Improvements

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Lautrou ◽  
Agnès Narcy ◽  
Jean-Yves Dourmad ◽  
Candido Pomar ◽  
Philippe Schmidely ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Dietary Phosphorus ◽  
Animal Growth ◽  
Calcium Utilization ◽  
Precise Assessment ◽  
P Cycle

The sustainability of animal production relies on the judicious use of phosphorus (P). Phosphate, the mined source of agricultural phosphorus supplements, is a non-renewable resource, but phosphorus is essential for animal growth, health, and well-being. P must be provided by efficient and sustainable means that minimize the phosphorus footprint of livestock production by developing precise assessment of the bioavailability of dietary P using robust models. About 60% of the phosphorus in an animal's body occurs in bone at a fixed ratio with calcium (Ca) and the rest is found in muscle. The P and Ca requirements must be estimated together; they cannot be dissociated. While precise assessment of P and Ca requirements is important for animal well-being, it can also help to mitigate the environmental effects of pig farming. These strategies refer to multicriteria approaches of modeling, efficient use of the new generations of phytase, depletion and repletion strategies to prime the animal to be more efficient, and finally combining these strategies into a precision feeding model that provides daily tailored diets for individuals. The industry will need to use strategies such as these to ensure a sustainable plant–animal–soil system and an efficient P cycle.

Responses of growing pigs to different levels of dietary phosphorus — Performance, bone characteristics, and solubility of faecal phosphorus

2010 ◽  
Vol 134 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 109-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsi Partanen ◽  
Hilkka Siljander-Rasi ◽  
Maija Karhapää ◽  
Kari Ylivainio ◽  
Tuomo Tupasela
Keyword(s):  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Dietary Phosphorus ◽  
Different Levels

scholarly journals Modeling the metabolic fate of dietary phosphorus and calcium and the dynamics of body ash content in growing pigs

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Létourneau-Montminy ◽  
A. Narcy ◽  
J. Y. Dourmad ◽  
T. D. Crenshaw ◽  
C. Pomar
Keyword(s):  
Ash Content ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Metabolic Fate ◽  
Dietary Phosphorus

The impact of heat stress on intestinal function and productivity in grow-finish pigs

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 1403 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Gabler ◽  
S. C. Pearce
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Intestinal Function ◽  
Transport Pathways ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Intestinal Integrity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Heat stress is a physiological condition when animals can no longer regulate their internal euthermic temperature. When livestock such as pigs are subjected to this environmental stress, it can be detrimental to performance, health and well-being, and if severe enough even death. Growing pigs are particularly susceptible to heat stress and one of the major organs first affected by heat stress is the gastrointestinal tract. As a result, reductions in appetite, intestinal function and integrity and increased risk of endotoxemia can modify post-absorptive metabolism and tissue accretion. These changes in intestinal integrity may be a result of altered expression of tight junction proteins, increased circulating endotoxin concentrations and markers of cellular stress (heat shock and hypoxia response), which is evident as early on as 2 h after heat-stress onset. Due to restricted blood flow, the ileum is more severely affected compared with the colon. Interestingly, many of the negative effects of heat stress on intestinal integrity appear to be similar to those observed with pigs reared under reduced nutrient and caloric intakes. Altogether, these depress pig performance and health, and extend days to market. Despite this impact on the gastrointestinal tract, under heat-stress conditions, intestinal glucose transport pathways are upregulated. This review discussed how heat stress (directly and indirectly via reduced feed intake) affects intestinal integrity and how heat stress contributes to decreased growth performance in growing pigs.

The influence of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D supplementation of a pea–barley ration for growing pigs

1977 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 543 ◽  
Author(s):  
BA Stone ◽  
GH McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Dietary Calcium ◽  
Bone Fragility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Plasma Calcium ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Dietary Phosphorus ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation

A diet based on field peas and barley can satisfy the mineral requirements of growing pigs provided that calcium is supplemented at least to the level of dietary phosphorus present, and that vitamin D3 supplementation is greater than Agricultural Research Council recommendations. Bone fragility and lameness observed in pigs on a low calcium-low vitamin D3 diet was overcome by increasing either of these components, and this was accompanied by increased metacarpal ash and femur breaking strength. A similar response could also be produced by increasing dietary phosphorus levels. Plasma calcium and phosphate concentrations were significantly influenced by changes in the dietary calcium/phosphorus ratio, whereas vitamin D3 changes had a minimal influence. Parathyroid activity appeared to reflect the plasma calcium concentration. There did not appear to be any relationship between plasma concentrations and bone fragility or lameness.In order to ensure adequate bone development in pigs offered a diet of plant origin, vitamin D3 supplementation and elevation of dietary calcium to the level of total phosphorus present is a minimum requirement.

The effects of handling and environmental enrichment on the welfare of finishing pigs

2000 ◽  
Vol 2000 ◽  
pp. 131-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. L Chamberlain ◽  
S. A. Edwards ◽  
J. E. L Day
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Housing Environment ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
And Performance

The general well-being of growing pigs is known to be affected by both the quantity/quality of stockperson input invested and the complexity of their housing environment (Pearce et. al., 1989). However, the nature of the interactions which exist between these two factors is still largely unknown. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the separate and interactive effects of handling and environmental enrichment on the welfare and performance of growing pigs.

PSV-12 Nutrient Utilization of Black Soldier Fly-derived Feed Ingredients Is Affected by Growth Stage and Processing Method Based on in vitro Assays

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 198-199
Author(s):  
Hansol Kim ◽  
Eunjeong Jang ◽  
Sang Yun Ji ◽  
Beob Gyun G Kim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Dietary Phosphorus ◽  
Percentage Difference

Abstract Sufficient supply of dietary phosphorus (P) is critical for maximizing muscle and bone growth of pigs. The objective was to compare standardized total tract digestible (STTD) P requirements of growing pigs determined in the experiments and those estimated using modeling approach. Fifty-two experiments in the literature that empirically determined P requirements of pigs were employed. The basis for the determination of P requirements were growth performance (average daily gain or gain to feed ratio; n = 34) and bone development (n = 23). Based on the STTD P in the feed ingredients provided in NRC (2012) and ingredient composition used in the experiments, P requirements presented as total P, available P, and true total tract digestible P were converted to STTD P requirements. To obtain STTD P requirements (g/d) suggested by NRC (2012) for grow-finishing pigs (body weight > 20 kg), mean body weight and sex indicated in the experiments were input into the NRC model. The statistical model for comparing the empirical data and the NRC requirements included the basis for determining P requirements in the experiments as a fixed variable and body weight as a random variable. To quantify the deviations between NRC STTD P requirement estimates and empirically determined STTD P requirements, mean percentage difference was calculated. The STTD P requirements empirically determined based on growth performance were greater than the NRC STTD P requirement estimates (5.89 vs. 4.61 g/d, SEM = 0.27; P < 0.001). Moreover, the bone development-based STTD P requirements were greater than the NRC STTD P requirement estimates (6.63 vs. 4.46 g/d, SEM = 0.42; P < 0.001). In conclusion, the standardized total tract digestible P requirements suggested by the NRC are less than the experimentally determined requirements.

scholarly journals Dietary Phytase and Lactic Acid-Treated Cereal Grains Differently Affected Calcium and Phosphorus Homeostasis from Intestinal Uptake to Systemic Metabolism in a Pig Model

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1542
Author(s):  
Julia C. Vötterl ◽  
Jutamat Klinsoda ◽  
Qendrim Zebeli ◽  
Isabel Hennig-Pauka ◽  
Wolfgang Kandler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Systemic Availability ◽  
Dietary Phosphorus ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Ca Homeostasis

High intestinal availability of dietary phosphorus (P) may impair calcium (Ca) homeostasis and bone integrity. In the present study, we investigated the effect of phytase supplementation in comparison to the soaking of cereal grains in 2.5% lactic acid (LA) on intestinal Ca and P absorption; intestinal, renal, and bone gene expression regarding Ca and P homeostasis; bone parameters; and serum levels of regulatory hormones in growing pigs. Thirty-two pigs were randomly assigned to one of four diets in a 2 × 2 factorial design in four replicate batches for 19 days. The diets comprised either untreated or LA-treated wheat and maize without and with phytase supplementation (500 phytase units/kg). Although both treatments improved the P balance, phytase and LA-treated cereals differently modulated gene expression related to intestinal absorption, and renal and bone metabolism of Ca and P, thereby altering homeostatic regulatory mechanisms as indicated by serum Ca, P, vitamin D, and fibroblast growth factor 23 levels. Moreover, phytase increased the gene expression related to reabsorption of Ca in the kidney, whereas LA-treated cereals decreased the expression of genes for osteoclastogenesis in bones, indicating an unbalanced systemic availability of minerals. In conclusion, high intestinal availability of dietary P may impair Ca homeostasis and bone integrity.

scholarly journals Lawsonia intracellularis seroprevalence among the pig farm livestock of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-264
Author(s):  
A. N. Ermolenko ◽  
E. E. Aуshpur ◽  
I. U. Mushtuk ◽  
V. V. Gumeniuk ◽  
V. V. Ukhovskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Test System ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Lawsonia Intracellularis ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Elisa Testing ◽  
Pig Farms

To study the seroprevalence of Lawsonia intracellularis among the pig livestock of Ukraine. The research was conducted in the laboratories of the Institute of Veterinary Medicine of NAAS and in pig farms. Were studied 653 samples of pigs’ serum of different age groups from17 pig farms with breeding stock of 40 456 sows. To study seroprevalence was used a test system for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on monoclonal antibodies bioScreen Ileitis Antibody Test ELISA Svanovir®Lawsonia intracellularis (Boehringer Ingelheim Svanova). Serological tests have provided evidence that the pathogen was circulating in the herd. According to the research results, 46.4% of seropositive animals were found. Seropositive pigs were found in all studied farms, namely – among sows – 74.0%, replacement gilts – 79.6%, growing pigs – 2.5% and fattening pigs – 59.8%. The high level of seroprevalence among replacement gilts and sows of the 1st farrowing indicates the circulation of the pathogen in the herd, as well as the manifestation of morbidity in the fattening group, where was the highest rate of positive serum samples. From the 17 examined farms, only one farm was found where no seropositive animals were detected. According to our observations, proliferative enteropathy in pigs of Ukrainian pig farms has signs of chronic course, especially it is common in pig farms that import replacement gilts from abroad, where antibiotics are prohibited or restricted in donor farms. The results of serological tests allowed us to reconfirm that the spread of the disease is increasing in Ukrainian pig farms. Compared to 2015, the percentage of seropositive animals increased by almost 10%. The typical serological profile for Lawsonia intracellularis which is characteristic of our studied farms allowed us to conclude for which age groups of pigs and for which technological period of raising swine it is necessary to develop and implement measures for treatment and disease prevention. To control the disease, it is highly recommended to conduct constant monitoring of the farm’s well-being against ileitis (send, in addition to faecal samples for PCR testing, also serum for ELISA testing).

scholarly journals Sustainable economic development: on the coexistence of resource-dependent and resource-impacting industries

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 687-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAMÓN LÓPEZ
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Resource Depletion ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Closed Economy ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Growing Economy ◽  
Renewable Natural Resource ◽  
Two Sectors

ABSTRACTThis paper studies the interactions between harvesters, whose income depends on a renewable natural resource as a key factor of production (e.g., fisheries) and industries that can have important impacts on the renewable resource, but whose production does not depend on it (e.g., off-shore oil extraction) in the context of a growing economy. We examine these issues for a closed economy focusing on how the co-existence between these two sectors affects sustainable development and the well-being of the poor, i.e., the harvesters. We show that under certain conditions the existence and expansion of a resource-impacting industrial sector may be consistent with sustainable development. However, if these conditions are not met, growth of the resource-impacting sector leads to further resource depletion and may even threaten the feasibility of sustainable development.

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