scholarly journals Pilot Study to Evaluate Performance of Frost-Yuzu Fruit Trees under Protected Cultivation

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 660
Author(s):  
Byeong-Sam Kim ◽  
Bo-Bae Lee ◽  
Seok-Kyu Jung ◽  
Hyun-Sug Choi
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Heavy Precipitation ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Protected Cultivation ◽  
Fruit Productivity ◽  
Minimum Daily Temperature ◽  
Foliar Urea ◽  
Shoot Mortality

This study was initiated to observe the performance of yuzu (Citrusjunos Sieb. ex Tanaka) fruit trees when affected by a late freezing in 2018 and to evaluate the recovery of frost-damaged trees during post management under protected cultivation. A—4.9 °C of minimum daily temperature and 40-day drought occurred during dormancy, which then received heavy precipitation between early- and mid-March, with 15 m s−1 more than maximum instantaneous wind speeds frequently observed. This resulted in observed decreases in height, width and volume as well as in fruiting, fruit weight and yield, as well as yield index in 60–90% defoliated yuzu trees, in addition to higher rates of shoot dieback compared to trees that experienced only 0–30% defoliation. Lower performance and recovery rates of trees grown on flat land compared to trees on sloped land were also observed. Tree and net windbreaks did not significantly affect tree vegetative growth and fruit productivity but were found to have lowered shoot mortality in 2018 and 2019. Mulch with an irrigation after freezing or foliar urea application was shown to effectively increase vegetative tree growth and fruit productivity and reduce shoot mortality.

scholarly journals Influence of vineyard peach selections on vigour and initial yield in peach and nectarine

Genetika ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordan Zec ◽  
Milica Fotiric-Aksic ◽  
Slavica Colic ◽  
Todor Vulic ◽  
Dragan Nikolic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Fruit Productivity ◽  
F1 Generation

Seedlings (progenies) of eight selected vineyard peach genotypes obtained by self and open pollination were examined in this study during three consecutive years. Two progenies from unselected vineyard peach genotypes with different geographic origin were used as a standard. Peach cv. Autumn Glo and nectarine cv. Stark Red Gold were grafted on F1 generation of eight vineyard peach selections and two standard progenies. Analysis of variance indicated statistically significant differences in vigour and fruit productivity between fruit trees grafted on different progenies of vineyard peach selections. A high correlation was found between rootstock vigour and fruit production of grafted cultivars. In addition, the principal component analysis made it possible to establish similar groups of rootstocks, depending on its influence to vigour, productivity and indexes of efficiency of grafted peach and nectarine cultivar. The most promising rootstocks for those two cultivars were PSK and 7S because grafted AG and SRG have high fruit weight, initial yields and very satisfactory rootstock, scion and canopy efficiency.

scholarly journals Efficacy of an Eco-Friendly Bloom Thinning Formulation on Mango Trees and Its Olfactory Effect on an Insect Pollinator, Apis mellifera

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Tae-Kwon Son ◽  
Md Munir Mostafiz ◽  
Hwal-Su Hwang ◽  
Nguyen Truong Thạnh ◽  
Kyeong-Yeoll Lee
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Olfactory Behavior ◽  
Insect Pollinator

In various orchard fruit trees, thinning of blossoms and fruits is important to increase fruit size and quality and to promote a new bloom in the following season. Several chemical thinning agents are currently commercially available, but they are inconsistent and produce side effects in crop plants and insect pollinators. Because of environmental concerns, developing alternative eco-friendly bloom thinning agents is necessary. We developed an eco-friendly bloom thinning formulation (BTF) using minerals and extracts of various medicinal plants. Our BTF spray (0.1%, <i>w/v</i>) decreased the number of fruits per tree (46.5%) and fruit yield per tree (81.5%) but increased the fruit weight (196.8%) compared with the control treatment; the spray induced a small number of larger mango fruits in the treated trees. We also investigated the effect of BTF on the olfactory behavior of <i>Apis mellifera</i> L. (Hymenoptera, Apidae), a major insect pollinator. We analyzed the behavioral changes of adult workers at two different concentrations (0.1% and 1%) of nine different BTF spray components using a Y-tube olfactometer. The behavioral responses of honey bees to nine BTF components showed significant differences. However, honey bees showed no clear attraction or repellent behavior towards the tested BTF components. Our results suggest that the newly developed eco-friendly BTF is practically applicable in mango orchards without interrupting honey bee behavior.

scholarly journals Precision management of pollination services to blueberry crops

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Cavigliasso ◽  
P. Negri ◽  
M. Viel ◽  
M. M. Graziani ◽  
C. Challiol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Management ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Strength Distribution ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
Precision Management ◽  
Fruit Productivity ◽  
Account Due ◽  
Pollination Systems ◽  
Large Groups

AbstractWhile the cultivated area of pollinator-dependent crops is increasing, pollinator availability is decreasing, leading to problems in many agroecosystems. For this reason, pollinator-dependent crop growers often rent beehives to support their pollination requirements to sustain fruit productivity. However, the efficiency of those pollination systems has not been extensively studied. Here, we compared the effect of “precision” pollination (i.e., application of pesticides coordinated with growers, audit of hives, dietary supplementation and individual distribution of hives) with conventional practices (i.e., pesticides applications without coordination with growers and no audit of hives, low maintenance of hives and hives distributed in large groups) on the mean level of pollination and fruit production and quality in blueberry crops. In nine blueberry fields, we measured bee visitation rate to flowers, fruit set, fruit firmness and fruit weight. On average, precision-pollinated plots had 70% more bee visits to flowers and produced 13% more fruits that were 12% heavier and 12% firmer than those obtained through conventional practices. These results showed that pollination efficiency could be improved if key management related to bee strength, distribution and health care are taken into account. Due to these results, we encourage growers and beekeepers to include precision pollination practices to both increase the productivity of blueberry fields and the wellbeing of honey bees within agroecosystems.

scholarly journals Effect of rejuvenation pruning on the growth, productivity and disease incidence in declining trees of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cv. Kandhari Kabuli

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 358-362
Author(s):  
D. P. Sharma ◽  
Niranjan Singh
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Disease Attack ◽  
Punica Granatum L

Pruning of fruit trees is an important aspect for the improvement of fruit quality and to minimize the pests and disease attack. Pruning was performed in the month of December in seven year old unpruned trees of Punica granatum cv. Knadhdri Kabuli having many interfering branching and a heavy infestation of bacterial blight orchard. The pruning treatments viz., T1: Retention of 15cm fruiting shoot length, T2: Retention of 30cm fruiting shoot length, T3: Retention of 45cm fruiting shoot length, T4: Retention of 60cm fruiting shoot length and T5: control (No heading back and no thinning) plant. The results of the present investigation revealed that among different pruning treatment, the best results in terms of shoot extension (56.34 cm), fruit size (Diameter 9.66 cm and Length 9.65 cm, fruit weight (278.50 g), marketable yield (10.25 kg) and fruit qualities were in fruits from T1 and T2 where retention of 15cm fruiting shoot length respectively and retention of 30cm fruiting shoot length were maintained. However, maximum fruit set (54.73%) was recorded in control, and it decreased with increasing pruning intensity. The pruning treatments also proved beneficial in controlling bacterial blight on fruit (12.86%) and leaf surface (26.60%) to some extent.

scholarly journals Validation of Dual-Doppler Wind Profiles with in situ Anemometry

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 943-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Scott Gunter ◽  
John L. Schroeder ◽  
Brian D. Hirth
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Doppler Radar ◽  
Heavy Precipitation ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Time Histories ◽  
Mean Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Profiles

AbstractTypical methods used to acquire wind profiles from Doppler radar measurements rely on plan position indicator (PPI) scans being performed at multiple elevation angles to utilize the velocity–azimuth display technique or to construct dual-Doppler synthesis. These techniques, as well as those employed by wind profilers, often produce wind profiles that lack the spatial or temporal resolution to resolve finescale features. If two radars perform range–height indicator (RHI) scans (constant azimuth, multiple elevations) along azimuths separated by approximately 90°, then the intersection of the coordinated RHI planes represents a vertical set of points where dual-Doppler wind syntheses are possible and wind speed and direction profiles can be retrieved. This method also allows for the generation of high-resolution wind time histories that can be compared to anemometer time histories. This study focuses on the use of the coordinated RHI scanning strategy by two high-resolution mobile Doppler radars in close proximity to a 200-m instrumented tower. In one of the first high-resolution, long-duration comparisons of dual-Doppler wind synthesis with in situ anemometry, the mean and turbulence states of the wind measured by each platform were compared in varying atmospheric conditions. Examination of mean wind speed and direction profiles in both clear-air (nonprecipitating) and precipitating environments revealed excellent agreement above approximately 50 m. Below this level, dual-Doppler wind speeds were still good but slightly overestimated as compared to the anemometer-measured wind speeds in heavy precipitation. Bulk turbulence parameters were also slightly underestimated by the dual-Doppler syntheses.

scholarly journals The Sundowner Winds Experiment (SWEX) Pilot Study: Understanding Downslope Windstorms in the Santa Ynez Mountains, Santa Barbara, California

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. 1519-1539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Carvalho ◽  
Gert-Jan Duine ◽  
Charles Jones ◽  
Katelyn Zigner ◽  
Craig Clements ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Strong Wind ◽  
Vertical Profiles ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Santa Barbara ◽  
Mountain Waves ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Driving Mechanisms ◽  
Downslope Windstorms

Abstract Sundowner winds are downslope gusty winds often observed on the southern slopes of the Santa Ynez Mountains (SYM) in coastal Santa Barbara (SB), California. They typically peak near sunset and exhibit characteristics of downslope windstorms through the evening. They are SB’s most critical fire weather in all seasons and represent a major hazard for aviation. The Sundowner Winds Experiment Pilot Study was designed to evaluate vertical profiles of winds, temperature, humidity, and stability leeward of the SYM during a Sundowner event. This was accomplished by launching 3-hourly radiosondes during a significant Sundowner event on 28–29 April 2018. This study showed that winds in the lee of the SYM exhibit complex spatial and temporal patterns. Vertical profiles showed a transition from humid onshore winds from morning to midafternoon to very pronounced offshore winds during the evening after sunset. These winds accompanied mountain waves and a northerly nocturnal lee jet with variable temporal behavior. Around sunset, the jet was characterized by strong wind speeds enhanced by mountain-wave breaking. Winds weakened considerably at 2300 PDT 29 April but enhanced dramatically at 0200 PDT 29 April at much lower elevations. These transitions were accompanied by changes in stability profiles and in the Richardson number. A simulation with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model at 1-km grid spacing was examined to evaluate the skill of the model in capturing the observed winds and stability profiles and to assess mesoscale processes associated with this event. These results advanced understanding on Sundowner’s spatiotemporal characteristics and driving mechanisms.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF IRRIGATION TREATMENTS AND TIME OF FOLIAR-APPLIED UREA ON YIELD OF NAVEL ORANGE (CITRUS SINENSIS L. OSBECK)

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1112f-1112
Author(s):  
Anwar G. Ali ◽  
Carol J. Lovatt
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Size ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
First Year ◽  
Navel Orange ◽  
Commercial Practice ◽  
Irrigation Treatments ◽  
The University ◽  
Orange Trees ◽  
Foliar Urea

This study investigated the effect of irrigation treatments and time of foliar applications of low-biuret urea on yield of 30-yr-old navel orange trees grown under optimal N fertilization. The experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Experiment Station of the University of California, Riverside, using split plot design with 12 replications. The two irrigation treatments were the mainplots and the urea applications were the subplots. Irrigation was withheld from one set of trees from October to March, the other set was irrigated according to commercial practice. Foliar-urea (0.17 kg/tree) was applied in November, December, January, or February.The results of the first year showed no significant differences between irrigation treatments with regard to total fruit weight or total number of fruit per tree, All trees receiving urea had significantly higher fruit weight and fruit number per tree than the control trees. The specific time of urea application had no significant effect.With respect to fruit size distribution, the irrigated treatment resulted in a significantly higher number of fruit of size 7.0-8.0 cm (box sizes 88-72). Generally, the non-irrigatd trees had more fruit of size 6.0 cm or less. No interaction between irrigation treatments and foliar urea sprays was observed.

scholarly journals Productivity and Fruit Quality Influenced by Bioestimulant in Olive under Hot and Arid Environment of Mexico

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Raúl Leonel Grijalva- Contreras ◽  
Rubén Macías- Duarte ◽  
Arturo López- Carvajal ◽  
Fabián Robles- Contreras ◽  
Manuel de Jesús Valenzuela- Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
First Year ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Marketable Fruit

Actually modern fruit trees physiology is focused on the stimulation of plant cell development and fruit production using bioestimulant. This study evaluated the effect of bioestimulant ‘Engordone’ under two doses (0.5 and 1.0 L ha-1) and two times (pea-size fruit and 28 days later) in olive tree cv Manzanilla under hot and arid environment of Mexico. The experiment was carried out during 2018 and 2019 at National Research Institute for Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock (INIFAP) in the Experimental Station Coast of Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. The experiment was carried out on olive tree of eight years old, planted at distance of 10 x 5 m (200 trees ha-1) and under drip irrigation system. The experiment was analyzed using a randomized complete block design and four replications. The variables evaluated were olive yield, classification by size and fruit characteristics (fruit weight and pulp-pit ratio). The results showed that bioestimulant application had little effect on olive yield which increased the yield by 14.1 and 6.5% in 2018 and 2019, respectively compared to untreated trees, but without statistical difference. Fruit characteristic were no affected by treatments. Only the percentage of non-marketable fruit was statistically (P<0.05) reduced in the first year. Finally, new biostimulants and times of application are necessary to carried out to improve the size of table olives.

scholarly journals Influence of different options of intra-varietal pollination on seed productivity and economic values of sweet pepper

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Luba Pylypenko ◽  
Roman Krutko ◽  
Oksana Shabetya
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Fruit Productivity ◽  
Pepper Plants

The use of intra-varietal crossing is an important element to increase seed yield and improve a variety. The aim of the research was to identify the influence of different options of intra-varietal pollination of sweet pepper on seed productivity and other quantitative traits. It has been established, that re-pollination of sweet pepper within the variety in relation to self-pollination causes a reduction in the offspring of the period before fruit ripening by 3–7 days. For all options of pollination, there was also a significant increase in plant height by 7–8 cm, fruit weight by 7–16 g, the number of fruits on a plant by 2–6 units. Different methods of re-pollination of plants significantly affected fruit productivity, increasing it by 62–106 %, increased seed yield from one fruit by 28 %. Seed productivity of sweet pepper plants increased by 78–163 % when re-pollination was used. Options of using the pollen of different flowers (from 2–5 other plants) showed the greatest effect. This technique is one way to increase the yield of sweet pepper seeds

scholarly journals Evaluation of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Genotypes for Morphological, Qualitative and Biochemical Traits for Protected Cultivation

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Anuradha Sinha ◽  
Paramveer Singh ◽  
Ajay Bhardwaj ◽  
Randhir Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Protected Cultivation ◽  
Yellow Orange ◽  
Lycopene Content ◽  
Polar Diameter ◽  
Pericarp Thickness ◽  
Β Carotene

Fourteen genotypes of tomato collected from different sources were evaluated inside naturally ventilated polyhouse at Polyhouse Complex, Department of Horticulture (Vegetable and floriculture), BAU, Sabour, Bhagalpur during 2018-2019. The experiment was laid out in RBD with three replications. Data from analysis of variance depicted that mean sum of squares of all genotypes were highly significant for all traits under study except titratable acidity and β-carotene which indicated the existence of ample genetic variability among the genotypes. Genotype NS 4266 had least days to first flowering, days fifty percent flowering, lowest number of locules, highest plant height at 60 DAT along with maximum β- carotene & lycopene content; TODINDVAR-8 had lowest number of nodes to first flower and maximum average fruit weight; Palam Tomato Hybrid-1 displayed maximum no. of flower per truss; Heemshikhar had lowest no. of days to first fruiting; TODINDVAR-5 had highest no. of fruit per truss; Arka Abha showed earliest days to first picking; San Marzano had maximum polar diameter and plant height at final stage of harvesting; TODINDVAR-6 show maximum equatorial diameter and lowest titratable acidity; Arka Samrat had maximum pericarp thickness; Hawaii 7998 was observed with maximum no. of fruit per plant; Arka Vikas had maximum TSS content. However, Pant Polyhouse Tomato-2 contained maximum ascorbic acid. Different types of fruit shapes viz. flat round, oval, round, heart shaped, cylindrical and fruit colour viz. red, pink, yellow-orange was exhibited by various genotypes. All the genotype displayed the absence of green shoulder on fruit except San Marzano. Three genotypes namely Palam Tomato Hybrid-1 (5.72 kg/plant), Heemshikhar (4.85 kg/plant) and NS 4266 (4.82 kg/plant) was identified for higher yield among all the genotypes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document