scholarly journals Phytochemical Composition and Nutritional Value of Pot-Grown Turnip-Rooted and Plain and Curly-Leafed Parsley Cultivars

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ângela Fernandes ◽  
Nikolaos Polyzos ◽  
Spyridon A. Petropoulos ◽  
José Pinela ◽  
Elizandra Ardohain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Malic Acid ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Linoleic Acid Content ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Phytochemical Composition

In the present study plant growth, nutritional value and chemical composition of leaves from twenty-five plain-leafed, curly-leafed and turnip-rooted parsley cultivars were evaluated. Total fresh yield was higher for the plain-leafed cv. Rialto Bejo: 192 ± 11 g/pot, while significant differences were observed between the three types in the nutritional parameters, except for the carbohydrates content. The most abundant organic acid was malic acid (5.22–6.88 g/100 g dw), while the total sugars content did not differ significantly among the tested cultivar types. α-tocopherol was the major tocopherol detected in amount that ranged between 14.76–30.32 mg/100 g dw. The main fatty acids were α-linolenic and linoleic followed by palmitic acid, while only linoleic acid content being different among the cultivar types. In conclusion, the existing diversity in the parsley genotypes could be valorised to increase the agrobiodiversity in the broader Mediterranean region through the introduction of less cultivated curly-leafed and turnip-rooted types.

scholarly journals Discrimination of Genealogical Groups of Arabica Coffee by the Chemical Composition of the Beans

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Larissa O. Fassio ◽  
Marcelo R. Malta ◽  
Gladyston R. Carvalho ◽  
Antônio A. Pereira ◽  
Ackson D. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Markers ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Coffee Beans ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Important Marker

This work aimed to characterize and discriminate genealogical groups of coffee as to the chemical composition of the grains through the model created by PLS-DA method. 22 accessions of Coffea arabica, from the Active Germplasm Bank of Minas Gerais, were divided into groups according to the genealogical origin. Samples of ripe fruits were harvested selectively and processed by the wet method, to obtain pulped coffee beans, with 11% (b.u.) of water content. The raw beans were assessed as to the content of polyphenols, total sugars, total lipids, protein, caffeine, sucrose, and fatty acids. The data were submitted the chemometric analysis, PCA and PLS-DA. The results of PLS-DA identified the variables which most influence the classification of genealogical groups and possible chemical markers to accessions processed by the pulped method. The sucrose content was an important marker for the Exotic accession group. However, the content of polyphenols has been identified as a marker for the group Tymor Hybrid, and the caffeine for the bourbon group. The different fatty acids have been identified as markers for all genealogical groups, at different levels. The model PLS-DA is effective in discriminating genealogical groups from the chemical composition of the beans.

scholarly journals Nutritional potential of leaves and tubers of crem (Tropaeolum pentaphyllum Lam.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Bernardi BRAGA ◽  
Maitê de Moraes VIEIRA ◽  
Ingrid Bergman Inchausti de BARROS
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
High Potassium ◽  
Nutritional Potential

ABSTRACT Objective To determine the centesimal composition of minerals, fatty acids and vitamin C of leaves and tubers of crem, and to discuss the nutritional potential of the T. pentaphyllum species. Methods The centesimal composition of protein, lipid, fiber, ash and carbohydrate was determined by gravimetric analysis. Mineral composition was determined by optical emission spectrometry. Vitamin C was determined by dinitrophenylhydrazine method. Fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography. The percentage of recommended dietary intake of leaves and tubers of crem was calculated for each nutrient. Results A high content of fibrous fraction (63.07g/100g), potassium (4.55g/100g), magnesium (553.64mg/100g) and sulfur (480.79mg/100g) was observed in the chemical composition of leaves. In tubers, a high carbohydrate content was observed, with 62.60g/100g of starch and 3.43g/100g of fiber, as well as high potassium (0.58g/100g), sulfur (447.14g/100), calcium (205.54g/100g) and phosphorus (530.07g/100g) levels. The vitamin C content of tubers was 78.43mg/100g and the linoleic acid content was 0.455g/100g. The intake of 100g of crem leaves may contribute with 65% of the recommended dietary intake of sulfur. The intake of 100g of crem tuber may contribute with 106% of the recommended dietary intake of sulfur and 21% of the recommended dietary intake of Vitamin C. Conclusion The chemical composition of crem (Tropaeolum pentaphyllum Lam.) tubers and leaves demonstrated an important contribution of nutrients, mainly sulfur, vitamin C and linoleic acid in its tubers, indicating a high nutritional potential of this species.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition, Nutritional Value, and Safety of Cooked Female Chaceon Maritae from Namibe (Angola)

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celso Manuel Cristovão Mandume ◽  
Narcisa M. Bandarra ◽  
Joana Raimundo ◽  
Helena Maria Lourenço ◽  
Susana Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Edible Tissues ◽  
Amino Acid Profiles ◽  
Cadmium Lead

Despite being highly appreciated and consumed, the nutritional value of Chaceon maritae from Namibe (Angola) had never been studied. In the present work, edible tissues (muscle, ovaries, and hepatopancreas) of boiled female C. maritae caught off Namibe coast in two distinct seasons were analyzed in terms of proximate chemical composition (fat, ash, protein, and moisture), fatty acid and amino acid profiles, cholesterol, essential minerals (macro and trace) and toxic elements. Results showed that, in both seasons, C. maritae muscle was a valuable source of protein, essential amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and essential elements, especially zinc, selenium, iodine, and copper. Ovaries and hepatopancreas are also good sources of protein, but were richer in fat, particularly when caught in October. Ovarian fat is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and that of hepatopancreas has higher values of monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids. Hepatopancreas and ovaries are also good sources of copper and, especially ovaries, of zinc. Moreover, in both seasons, all the edible tissues of C. maritae analyzed presented very low contents of heavy metals (mercury, cadmium, lead, and arsenic).

scholarly journals Methyl jasmonate vapors affect the composition and peroxidation of major fatty acids in common buckwheat seedlings

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Józef Klocek ◽  
Magdalena Szwed ◽  
Danuta Koczkodaj ◽  
Joanna Mitrus ◽  
Marian Saniewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Linoleic Acid Content ◽  
Common Buckwheat ◽  
Fatty Acid Peroxidation

The effect of methyl jasmonate (MJ) vapors on the composition and peroxidation of major fatty acids in the organs of common buckwheat seedlings was investigated. The composition of fatty acids in the hypocotyl and cotyledons of seedlings changed significantly under exposure to MJ vapors in closed jars. Four-day exposure to MJ led to a significant reduction in the concentrations of stearic, linoleic, and linolenic acids in the hypocotyl, whereas oleic acid levels increased approximately 3.5-fold. A decrease in stearic acid levels and an increase in the content of linolenic acid were noted in cotyledons, whereas oleic acid levels decreased in roots. Seven-day exposure to MJ vapor caused a further reduction in stearic acid content and an increase in oleic acid and linoleic acid levels in the hypocotyl. At the same time, the linoleic acid content of roots and linolenic acid levels in cotyledons were doubled, but a 5-fold reduction in linolenic acid concentrations was observed in roots. Methyl jasmonate intensified fatty acid peroxidation in cotyledons after 4 and 7 days and in roots after 4 days of exposure. Peroxidation was inhibited in the hypocotyl and roots after 7 days. The noted changes in the composition and peroxidation of fatty acids are probably indicative of senescence in buckwheat seedlings under the influence of MJ. Senescence seems to proceed faster in cotyledons than in other organs of buckwheat seedlings.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Plant Growth of Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta Plants Cultivated under Saline Conditions

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 2204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spyridon A. Petropoulos ◽  
Ângela Fernandes ◽  
Maria Ines Dias ◽  
Carla Pereira ◽  
Ricardo C. Calhelha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Harvest Time

The aim of this report was to study the effect of salinity (control: 2dS/m, S1: 4 dS/m and S2: 6 dS/m) and harvest time (first harvest on 9 May 2018 and second harvest on 19 April 2018) on the growth and the chemical composition of Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta plants. The plants of the first harvest were used for the plant growth measurements (fresh weight and moisture content of leaves, rosette diameter, number and thickness of leaves), whereas those of the second harvest were not used for these measurements due to the flowering initiation, which made the leaves unmarketable due to their hard texture. The results of our study showed that C. raphanina subsp. mixta plants can be cultivated under mild salinity (S1 treatment) conditions without severe effects on plant growth and yield, since a more severe loss (27.5%) was observed for the S2 treatment. In addition, harvest time proved to be a cost-effective cultivation practice that allows to regulate the quality of the final product, either in edible form (first harvest) or for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical purposes as well as antimicrobial agents in food products. Therefore, the combination of these two agronomic factors showed interesting results in terms of the quality of the final product. In particular, high salinity (S2 treatment) improved the nutritional value by increasing the fat, proteins and carbohydrates contents in the first harvest, as well as the tocopherols and sugars contents (S1 and S2 treatments, respectively) in the second harvest. In addition, salinity and harvest time affected the oxalic acid content which was the lowest for the S2 treatment at the second harvest. Similarly, the richest fatty acid (α-linolenic acid) increased with increasing salinity at the first harvest. Salinity and harvest time also affected the antimicrobial properties, especially against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Trichoderma viride, where the extracts from the S1 and S2 treatments showed high effectiveness. In contrast, the highest amounts of flavanones (pinocembrin derivatives) were detected in the control treatment (second harvest), which was also reflected to the highest antioxidant activity (TBARS) for the same treatment. In conclusion, C. raphanina subsp. mixta plants seem to be tolerant to medium salinity stress (S1 treatment) since plant growth was not severely impaired, while salinity and harvesting time affected the nutritional value (fat, proteins, and carbohydrates) and the chemical composition (tocopherols, sugars, oxalic acid, fatty acids), as well as the bioactive properties (cytotoxicity and antimicrobial properties) of the final product.

Effect of dietary corn oil on the linoleic acid content of adipose tissue lipids in barley-fed lambs

1977 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 507-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. J. Clarke ◽  
T. Bauchop ◽  
D. R. Body
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Linoleic Acid Content ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Tissue Lipids ◽  
Spray Dried

Ruminants have extremely low concentrations of polyunsaturated acids in their adipose tissue as a result of hydrogenation of dietary lipids by microbes in the rumen. The possible association between intake of ruminant products high in ‘saturated’ lipids and the incidence of atherosclerosis in man has stimulated research on procedures for altering the fatty acid composition of ruminant tissue lipids. Vegetable oils, emulsified with a protein, spray-dried, and treated with formaldehyde, have been found to be protected from hydrolysis and hydrogenation in the rumen (Cooket al.1970; Scott, Cook & Mills, 1971). Their subsequent digestion in the small intestine, and absorption of the fatty acids by the animal, results in tissue lipids high in linoleic acid (Faichneyet al.1972; Faichney, Scott & Cook, 1973; Cooket al.1972; Garrettet al.1976).

Effects of oats grain supplements on performance, rumen parameters and composition of beef from cattle grazing oats pasture

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 665 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Arelovich ◽  
J. Marinissen ◽  
B. A. Gardner ◽  
M. F. Martínez ◽  
R. D. Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Linoleic Acid Content

The impacts of supplementing with whole oats grain (OG) upon performance and beef quality traits of growing steers grazing oats pasture (OP) were measured. The trial used Angus steer calves (203 kg mean bodyweight) assigned to three treatments: Control, unsupplemented OP (CON); OP plus OG fed at 0.25% BW daily (OG1); and OP plus OG fed at 0.50% bodyweight daily (OG2). All steers grazed the same paddock but were removed momentarily once daily so OG could be fed to each steer individually. Daily intake of OG averaged 597 and 1294 g DM for OG1 and OG2, respectively. Steers were slaughtered after grazing for 130 days to determine carcass characteristics and lipid profiles. In parallel with the grazing trial, four ruminally cannulated steers (613 kg mean bodyweight) were allocated to treatments CON and OG2 (n = 2) to monitor ruminal pH, volatile fatty acids, and NH3-N. Steers fed OG2 had greater (P < 0.01) average daily gain than CON; final liveweight for OG2 steers was significantly higher than both CON and OG1 steers. Although variations in plasma haematocrit and alkaline phosphatase were they did not affect animal performance. Dressing percentage was not affected by the experimental diets but OG2 steers had greater (P < 0.05) marbling scores. Although rib-eye area was numerically greater for OG1 and OG2 than CON steers (8% and 14%), these differences were not significant statistically (P = 0.3493). Intramuscular lipid content of Longissimus dorsi muscle was not significantly increased by OG supplementation but of the intramuscular fatty acids, contributions of vaccenic and α-linolenic acids decreased (P < 0.05). Linoleic acid content was lowest (P < 0.05) for OG1 steers. A no significant decrease in conjugated linoleic acid was detected when more OG was supplemented. No treatment differences in the contributions of eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, n-6 or n-3 to intramuscular fatty acids were detected although the n-6 : n-3 resulted numerically higher (11% and 23%) for OG1 and OG2 steers than CON steers. Rumen pH, NH3-N and volatile fatty acids were not significantly altered by OG supplementation. Supplementing diets of cattle grazing OP improved performance without rumen digestion impairs or inducing substantial changes in the lipid profile of intramuscular fat. Thus, OG supplementation would be expected to improve the efficiency of cattle grazing of OP without substantial changes to ruminal measurements or the lipid profile of beef.

scholarly journals Physical, Nutritional and Functional Properties of Walnuts Genotypes (Juglans regia L.) from Romania

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1092
Author(s):  
Olimpia A. Iordănescu ◽  
Isidora Radulov ◽  
Ioana P. Buhan ◽  
Ileana Cocan ◽  
Adina A. Berbecea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Kernel Color ◽  
The World ◽  
Proximate Chemical Composition

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is the oldest fruit grown in the world and grows spontaneously almost throughout Romania. In this study, the physical properties and chemical composition of twenty types of walnuts from three different locations in Romania were studied. The physical analyzes that were performed were: walnut dimensions and shape properties (nut diameter, nut length, nut shape and nut size), fruit properties (walnut weight, walnut kernel weight and percentage of kernel) and external properties of walnut (walnut kernel extraction, kernel color and shell roughness). The proximate chemical composition (content of water, ash, lipids, proteins and carbohydrates) was determined by standardized AOAC methods, while fatty compounds were determined by GSMS. Water content ranged from 1.23% to 5.00%, mineral content between 1.31% and 2.49%, lipids content between 56.09% and 66.56% and protein content ranged between 12.73% and 20.413%. Based on these, the carbohydrate content and nutritional value of the 20 walnut samples were calculated. In all samples, saturated palmitic acid (C16:0) and stearic acid (C18:0) as well as unsaturated oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2) and linolenic (C18:3) fatty acids were determined. A statistical analysis was also performed correlating the results obtained from the chemical analyzes of the walnuts.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Profile, Conjugated Linoleic Acid Content, and Lipid Quality Indices in Selected Yogurts Available on the Polish Market

Animals ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Beata Paszczyk ◽  
Marta Czarnowska-Kujawska
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Linoleic Acid Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Lipid Quality

The aim of the present study was to determine the fatty acid composition, the content of cis9trans11 C18:2 acid (CLA), and lipid quality indices in yogurts made of cow’s milk, available on the Polish market. The test material consisted of: natural yogurts, natural yogurts with additives (muesli, cereal grains), bio yogurts, bio yogurts with additives (millet groats, quinoa, chestnuts), probiotic yogurts, and eco yogurts. All the products were bought in the period from May to June 2021. The conducted research showed that the analyzed yoghurts were characterized by a varying content of fatty acid groups, different values of the calculated lipid quality indices, as well as a different content of conjugated linoleic acid cis9trans11 C18: 2 (CLA). Natural yogurts with additives had the highest content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and n-3 PUFAs. Natural and bio yogurts with additives had a higher content of n-6 PUF than the other analyzed yogurts. The n-6/n-3 ratio was lower in bio yogurts and eco yogurts. Natural yogurts with additives featured the lowest index of atherogenicity (AI) and index of thrombogenicity (TI) and the highest hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratio (H/H). The fat extracted from the bio yogurts had the highest (0.90% of total fatty acids) mean content of cis9trans11 C18:2 (CLA). In fat of the other analyzed yogurts, mean CLA content in total content of fatty acids varied from 0.48% in natural yogurts with additives to 0.81% in bio yogurts with additives.

scholarly journals Lipid Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Raw, Boiled and Fermented Seed Extracts of Pentaclethra macrophylla (BENTH)

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Anowu ◽  
A. B. Aliyu ◽  
H. Ibrahim ◽  
A. O. Oyewale
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Linoleic Acid Content ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Seed Extracts

Lipids possess versatile biological properties in human health and nutrition. The compositions of lipids were investigated on the raw, boiled and fermented seeds of Pentaclethra macrophylla n-hexane extracts. The seed extracts were esterified, and chemical composition of the fatty acids was evaluated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Subsequent chromatographic purification and isolation on the lipids was carried out using column chromatography and thin layer chromatographic techniques. The antimicrobial activity of extracts was evaluated using disc diffusion and broth dilution techniques on selected bacterial and fungal species, Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella dysenterea, Salmonella typhi, Proteus mirabilis, Corynebacterium ulcerans, Escherichia coli, Candida krusei, Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis. GC-MS analysis revealed that fatty acids such as linoleic acid, butyl 9,12- octadecadienoate acid, oleic acid, hexadecanoic acid, methyl 20-methyl heneicosanoate, tetracosanoate acid, ethyl tetracosanoate and methyl stearate were common in the raw, boiled and fermented seed extracts. However, linoleic acid content was higher (60%) in fermented seeds, indicating an increased production due to fermentation effect. The extracts have demonstrated growth inhibition on bacterial and fungal species with broad-spectrum activity for the fermented seeds (17-19 mm; MIC 5 mg/mL) and the raw and boiled seeds (16-18 mm; MIC 5 mg/mL). Monoglycerides were isolated and structures elucidated using H-NMR and C-DEPT as 2,3-dihydroxypropyl tetracosanoate (1), 2,3-dihydroxypropyl pentacosanoate (2) and 2,3- dihydroxypropyl hentriacontylate (3). Compounds (2) and (3) are reported for the first time from the seeds. This report indicated the potential benefit of P. macrophylla seeds fermentation to human nutrition and health. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document