scholarly journals Assessment of the Possibilities of Using Cross-Linked Polyacrylamide (Agro Hydrogel) and Preparations with Biostimulation in Building the Quality Potential of Newly Planted Apple Trees

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Magdalena Kapłan ◽  
Agnieszka Lenart ◽  
Kamila Klimek ◽  
Andrzej Borowy ◽  
Dariusz Wrona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
First Year ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Second Year ◽  
One Year ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
Positive Effect

The research was carried out in a commercial apple orchard in southeastern Poland. The aim of the research was to evaluate the effect of fertilizer with biostimulation and humic acids with algae extracts and agrogel on the reception and growth of newly planted maiden apple trees of the ‘Gala Must’ variety. One-year-old budwoods were planted annually on the site where fruit trees had grown for 20 years. For the purpose of the experiment, old trees were grubbed up every year in autumn. The experiment assessed the growth and quality of apple trees in the fall of the first year after planting them permanently using a biostimulator in the form of fertilizer and agrogel. On the basis of 3-year studies, it was shown that the application of the assessed preparations had a positive effect on the quality parameters of the trees. The experiment showed the positive effect of the preparation with biostimulation on the best growth and quality parameters every year, which was confirmed by the multidimensional cluster analysis. The fact that the use of agrogel significantly modified the height of the evaluated apple trees in the second year of the study, when lower amounts of rainfall were recorded, is particularly noteworthy.

scholarly journals   The effect of calcium foliar fertilizers on cv. Ligol apples

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 465-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lanauskas ◽  
N. Kviklienė ◽  
N. Uselis ◽  
D. Kviklys ◽  
L. Buskienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
First Year ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Bitter Pit ◽  
Liquid Calcium ◽  
Positive Effect

The effects of calcium fertilizers on cv. Ligol apples were studied in the experiment conducted at the Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture in 2007&ndash;2009. Fertilizers were applied four or eight times from June to September on the 8<sup>th</sup>&ndash;9<sup>th</sup> leaf of apple trees on P 22 rootstock. Calcium nitrate or liquid calcium fertilizers were used. The results differed over the years of experiment. During the first year, four applications of liquid calcium fertilizers significantly reduced the Mg/Ca ratio in fruit, whereas in 2008 the tendency of decrease in the ratios of K/Ca and Mg/Ca at both fertilizers was observed. The bitter pit incidence rate on stored apples of the 2007 yield was 1.5&ndash;3.0%. The eight applications of liquid calcium fertilizers significantly reduced the incidence of bitter pit after storage. In 2008, higher fruit calcium content and lower ratios of N/Ca, K/Ca, and Mg/Ca were detected. Moreover, these apples were not affected by bitter pit. The worse fruit quality of the 2007 yield could be linked to the abundant rainfall during 2007 vegetation season. However, the application of fertilizers had a positive effect on natural weight loss and fruit flesh firmness after storage. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Influence of the methods of budding on growth and quality of one-year-old trees of apple cv. Red Elstar 'Elshof'

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Stanisław Wociór ◽  
Justyna Wieniarska ◽  
Piotr Kiczorowski ◽  
Janusz Mazurek ◽  
Irena Wójcik
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Tree Trunk ◽  
Apple Rootstocks ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Trunk Diameter ◽  
One Year ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
Nursery Field

The experiment was carried out during 1995-1997 in the experimental nursery field of the Agricultural University of Lublin, Poland, in Lublin-Felin. M.9 (EMLA) apple rootstocks were planted at 0,9 - 0,3 (m). No significant differences in tree trunk diameter, tree height and total extension growth of one-year-old shoots between chipand T-budded apple maiden trees of 'Red Elstar Elshof' were found. Chip budding increased the number of trees of first quality about twofold in comparison with T-budding, however, this difference was not significant. Either method of budding considerably influenced the rate of growth of apple trees in nursery. The highest rate of tree growth was observed in May and June.

scholarly journals Changes in quality parameters of vodka filtered through activated charcoal

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 474-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Siříšťová ◽  
Š. Přinosilová ◽  
K. Riddellová ◽  
J. Hajšlová ◽  
K. Melzoch
Keyword(s):  
Production Technology ◽  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Filtration Device

The production technology of high-quality vodka used in Russia involves filtration through activated charcoal. To approach the quality of renowned Russian vodka, one prominent Czech spirit-producing company installed on its production premises a filtration device including a charcoal column, and launched test runs during which different filtration conditions were tested. Samples collected during the test runs were analysed by GC-FID and GC-MS with the aim to compare their composition; sensory analysis was an integral part of the evaluation. The results documented a positive effect of charcoal filtration on the quality of produced vodka, which was not reduced when higher flow rates were applied. &nbsp;

Herbicide Effects on Weed Control and Shoot Growth of Young Apple (Malus sylvestris) and Peach (Prunus persica) Trees

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 840-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chester L. Foy ◽  
Susan B. Harrison ◽  
Harold L. Witt
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
One Year ◽  
Broadleaf Species ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
Peach Trees

Field experiments were conducted at two locations in Virginia to evaluate the following herbicides: alachlor, diphenamid, diuron, metolachlor, napropamide, norflurazon, oryzalin, oxyfluorfen, paraquat, pendimethalin, and simazine. One experiment involved newly-transplanted apple trees; the others, three in apple and one in peach trees, involved one-year-old trees. Treatments were applied in the spring (mid-April to early-May). Control of annual weed species was excellent with several treatments. A broader spectrum of weeds was controlled in several instances when the preemergence herbicides were used in combinations. Perennial species, particularly broadleaf species and johnsongrass, were released when annual species were suppressed by the herbicides. A rye cover crop in nontreated plots suppressed the growth of weeds. New shoot growth of newly-transplanted apple trees was increased with 3 of 20 herbicide treatments and scion circumference was increased with 11 of 20 herbicide treatments compared to the nontreated control. Growth of one-year-old apple trees was not affected. Scion circumference of one-year-old peach trees was increased with 25 of 33 herbicide treatments.

Impact of Lockdown on Health of the Yamuna river at Delhi Stretch, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
MANOJ KUMAR SHUKLA
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Yamuna River ◽  
Industrial Pollutants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Present study points out the impact of Lockdown on the health of the Yamuna river at Delhi stretch by comparing prelockdown and Post-lockdown period by studying the reports of pollution monitoring agencies. Delhi segment of the Yamuna is highly polluted, where alongwith domestic sewage a huge quantity of industrial waste is being discharged continuously without proper treatment. Pre lockdown (March 2020) water quality parameters at three sampling stations named as Palla, Nizammuddin Bridge and Okhla barrage U/s in Delhi were, pH were 8.7, 7.3 and 7.2, DO were 17.1 mg/L, not detected in later two sites, BOD were 7.9 mg/L, 57 mg/L and 27 mg/L and COD were 28 mg/L, 90 mg/L and 95 mg/L respectively and postlockdown period (April 2020) the pH was 7.8, 7.2 and 7.1, DO was 8.3 mg/L, 2.4 mg/L and 1.2 mg/L BOD was 2 mg/L, 5.6 mg/ L and 6.1 mg/L and COD were 6 mg/L, 16 mg/L and 18 mg/L respectively. The study of these parameters at three sampling stations reveals that the lack of industrial pollutants discharging due to nationwide lockdown for COVID-19 pandemic had positive effect on water quality of this river. Water quality could be maintained by planned establishment of industries and setup of ETP with without gap between generation and treatment.

scholarly journals Water-Yield Relationships in Deficit Irrigated Onion

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1310
Author(s):  
Serhat Ayas
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
First Year ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Irrigation Amount ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Irrigation Treatments

This trial was realized in the greenhouses of Uludağ University Yenişehir Vocational School between 2009 and 2010 to investigate effects of water deficit on yield and quality parameters of onion during four crop growth stages. In this trial, fourteen irrigation treatments in four growth periods (establishment, vegetative, yield formation and ripening) of onion (Allium cepa L E.T Grano.502) were constituted and the yield and quality parameters found from these treatments were evaluated. The layout of the experiment was a completely randomized block design with three replications for each of the fourteen irrigation treatments tested. According to the content of the treatments, the irrigation amount water applied to the plants varied between 0 and 436 mm in the first year, and between 0 and 448 mm in the second year. Water consumption of onion in the first year ranged between 205 and 496 mm and in the second year ranged between 210 and 502 mm. Yield, bulb weight, diameter, height and dry matter ratio were determined statistically significant. In 2009 and 2010 years, the maximum yield were found as 52.2 t ha-1 and 52.4 t ha-1 in E100V100Y100R100 treatments, while the minimum yield were found as 0.8 t ha-1 and 0.5 t ha-1 in the E0V0Y0R0 treatments, respectively. Water- yield relationship factors (ky) in 2009 and 2010 years were found as 1.03 and 1.04, respectively. The maximum WUE and IWUE values were obtained from establishment and ripening periods. Establishment and ripening periods may be suggested as the maximum efficient irrigation periods for the onion applied with drip irrigation under unheated greenhouse conditions.

scholarly journals Karabuğday (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)’da Farklı Azotlu Gübre Formlarının Etkinliği

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burhan Kara ◽  
Fatoş Güllü Çelebi ◽  
Nimet Kara ◽  
Bekir Atar
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
First Year ◽  
Nitrogen Forms ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum Moench ◽  
Positive Effect

The research was carried out with aim to determination the efficient of nitrogen forms (ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate and urea) on nitrogen use efficient for buckwheat in Isparta during 2014 and 2015 years. All the examined characteristics were determined higher values in applied nitrogen forms according to non-nitrogen parcel. In compared to nitrogen forms, the highest grain yield (1456 and 1325 kg ha-1), biological yield (4873 and 4512 kg ha-1), 1000 grain weight (24.9 and 24.8 g), agronomic efficient (24.96% and 24.25%), recycling efficient (0.24% and 0.22%) and utilization efficient (0.25% and 0.18%) were obtained from ammonium sulfate, the highest protein content (11.37% and 12.44%) and agro-physiological efficient (0.27% and 0.24%) from ammonium nitrate in both years. Among the nitrogen forms weren’t significant differently in physiological efficient in both years, recycling and utilization efficient in the first year. The mineral nutrient content varied according to nitrogen forms. Generally, ammonium sulfate was positive effect to yield and some quality parameters.

scholarly journals Productivity of wheat grown in conditions of unconventional agriculture

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (29) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Vesselin Dochev ◽  
◽  
Atanas Atanassov ◽  
Krasimira Uzunova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combined Treatment ◽  
First Year ◽  
Positive Difference ◽  
Spike Number ◽  
Common Variety ◽  
Modern Wheat ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Biodynamic Preparations ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Made In

The production of clean, healthy and high quality agricultural products is becoming increasingly important. In modern wheat agriculture, research with biological and biodynamic preparations is increasingly presented. With the common variety of winter wheat Venka 1, a study was conducted in the period 2019 - 2020 on carbonate, chernozem soil type, in the experimental field of Agricultural Institute Shumen. The experiment is based on the block method, in four replications with the size of the experimental plot 10 m2. Sowing was carried out in October with a sowing rate of 500 sprouts / m2 after the predecessor sugar flower. In the appropriate periods, treatments were made in 4 variants: 1) Control – untreated variant; 2) Treatment with biodynamic preparations: Preparation 500 + Fladen preparation + preparation 501; 3) Treatment with biological preparations: Heliosulfur + Free N; 4) Combined treatment with the same biodynamic and biological preparations. After the readings of the biometric indicators and the statistical analysis for the first year of the study, a proven positive difference was found in the variant treated with biological preparations on the length of the spike, number and weight of grains per spike. In the second year, a proven positive difference was obtained in the variants treated with biological and biodynamic preparations and in their combination on the length of the spike, number and weight of grains per spike. A difference in the number of spikelets per spike was substantially demonstrated only in the variant treated with biological preparations in the second year of the study. For a proven positive effect in the variant treated with biodynamic preparations, technological time is needed in order to show the real effect of their action on the yield in wheat.

scholarly journals Fertilizing of young rubber in the Cameroons.

1960 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-178
Author(s):  
H.N. Hasselo
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Rock ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Rooting Depth ◽  
First Year ◽  
Second Year ◽  
One Year ◽  
Shallow Soils

The growth response to (NH4)2SO4, phosphate rock and KC1, given in all combinations at increasing annual rates of up to 24 oz/tree until the seventh year after planting, was measured by the girth increase of Hevea in three soils formed from the same parent material but possessing different nutrient status and depths to the root-impeding layers. Despite poor nutrient supply in the soil, lack of rooting depth had a greater effect on growth than had nutrient availability; while abundant nutrient supply reduced the unproductive period by half a year, this reduction was at least one year in shallow soils. Annual fluctuations in yield were reduced by balanced application of small amounts of fertilizers. Fertilized trees, opened up at 18-inch girth, yielded 430 lb/acre in the first year whether given balanced fertilizer or not; in the second year, trees given balanced fertilizer yielded 700 lb as compared with 580 lb without fertilizer. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

Cryptodiaporthe populea. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1973 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Booth
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
First Year ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
North East ◽  
Conidial State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
East Russia ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Old Trees

Abstract A description is provided for Cryptodiaporthe populea. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Poplar, willow. A wide range of poplar species are more or less susceptible, with members of the tacamahacca and algeros groups principally affected. Populus alba var. pyramidalis is very susceptible in Britain and P. alba and P. tremula are tolerant; complete resistance is unknown in the genus: The fungus has been recorded on cricket bat willow in Belgium. DISEASE: Dothichiza canker, Dorhichiza dieback, poplar canker. The conidial state is the form of this fungus most commonly found associated with the dieback or canker of poplar. The fungus is a wound parasite unable to invade sound bark tissues, although very small wounds, such as scars left by bud scales, may permit infection (38, 341). Infection usually occurs in the winter, when bark moisture and turgor are lowest (36, 673; 37, 684). First signs are a discoloration of the cortex under the bark, which develops to a sunken, dead patch of bark, often at the base of twigs or at the junction of first-year and second-year wood. The lesion may have an unpleasant odour and later develops black, globular, pycnidia on the surface. The lesion may heal over in a single season but it can spread to cause severe damage or death of the host. Injury is believed to be due to toxin formation as well as physical girdling by the canker (35, 797; 38, 103). The crowns of old trees or young plants in nurseries and plantations are mainly affected. The disease may be distinguished from that caused by Valsa sordida Nits. by its larger conidia and larger and less frequent stromata in infected tissues. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe (all western Europe excluding Portugal, Norway, Yugoslavia, Rumania, Bulgaria, Poland, Estonia, Ukraine and south-east Russia). Near East (Turkey, Cyprus). North America (east Canada, north-east USA). South America (Argentina) (CMI Map 344, ed. 2, 1968). TRANSMISSION: Mainly by airborne splash-dispersed conidia.

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