scholarly journals Evaluation of Heavy Metal Content in Feed, Litter, Meat, Meat Products, Liver, and Table Eggs of Chickens

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Korish ◽  
Youssef A. Attia
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Recommended Daily Allowance ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Fresh Meat ◽  
Daily Allowance

We assessed the concentrations of Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Se, Co, Cr, Pb, Cd, and Ni in chicken meat and meat products, feed, and litter, as well as laying hens’ eggs, feed and litter to monitor the quality of products on the market and their safety for human consumption as judged by recommended daily allowance (RDA) and tolerable upper levels. Samples were chosen as the most popular poultry products in Saudi Arabia. A total of 45 broiler samples of frozen or fresh meat, liver, burger, or frankfurter were chosen from the same brand. Additionally, 60 table eggs from four commercial brands were collected, and the edible parts of these were used to determine levels of minerals and toxic elements. Furthermore, 30 feed and litter samples were collected from the starter, grower, and layer diets of broilers and laying hens. The results indicated that there were significant levels of most of the trace elements and heavy metals in the different meat sources. Furthermore, the liver contained the highest levels of elements, except for Cr, Co, and Ni. The highest Cr level was detected in the fresh meat, followed by frozen meat. Trace elements (Mn and Co) and heavy metals (Ni and Pb) were not detected in either the frozen or the fresh meat. The chicken burger and the frankfurter exhibited similar trace-element and heavy-metal contents, except for Zn and Mn, as the frankfurter showed higher concentrations than the burger. Differences in most of the trace and toxic elements among the different sources of eggs were not found to be significant, except for Zn. Differences between the broiler meat and table eggs were only substantial for Fe and Zn. Fe was significantly higher in meat than in eggs, and the opposite trend was found for Zn. The liver contained higher heavy metals than the eggs, except for Cr. In addition, the burger had higher concentrations of essential (Cu and Co) and heavy metals (Pb and Ni) than the eggs but had lower levels of Zn and Cr. The frankfurter exhibited significantly higher levels of Fe, Cu, Mn, Co, Pb, and Ni than the eggs but lower levels of Zn and Cr. To summarize, Cd, Pb, As, and Se were not detected in the broiler meat or eggs, indicating no risks from these toxic elements. Conversely, the liver exhibited the highest content of heavy metals, except for Cr, indicating that the intake of Pb and Cd was above the recommended daily allowance (RDA) for adults. The meat products exhibited higher Pb, Cd, and Ni levels than the broiler meat and the table eggs, suggesting that they posed a health threat to humans, and the intake of Pb in the meat products was higher than the RDA. Thus, chicken meat and table eggs, which are primary protein sources, are safe sources of human nutrition, while liver and meat products may present potential health hazards through the food chain.

scholarly journals Assessment of heavy metal and other toxic elements deposition in the Karaganda Region based on moss analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
A.K. Tashenov ◽  
◽  
A.S. Kabylova ◽  
M.V. Frontasyeva ◽  
N.M. Omarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Neutron Activation Analysis ◽  
Activation Analysis ◽  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Nuclear Research ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Trace Element Contamination

The results on assessing trace element contamination of the environment based on analysis of moss biomonitors collected in Central Kazakhstan. Concentrations of elements were determined by neutron activation analysis and atomic absorption spectrometry in the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. A total of 39 elements were identified, including heavy metals.

scholarly journals Distribution and Safety Assessment of Heavy Metals in Fresh Meat from Zhejiang, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Long Han ◽  
Xiao Dong Pan ◽  
Qing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Fresh Meat ◽  
Southeast China ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Meat Samples

Abstract There are increasing concerns on heavy metals in animal derived foods. We analyzed the levels of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, and Pb in 1066 fresh meat samples including pork, beef, mutton, chicken and duck from Zhejiang province, southeast China. The average levels of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, and Pb were 0.018, 0.002, 0.061, 0.801, 0.0038, 0.055, and 0.029 mg/kg wet weight respectively. There are significant positive correlations among Cd, Hg and Pb (P<0.05) and negative correlations for Cu-Pb or Cu-Cd (P<0.05). The exposure assessment showed that the health risk to humans by consuming these meat products was relatively low. However, regular monitoring of heavy metals in meat products is still recommended considering their intensive industrial activities.

scholarly journals Heavy metal toxicity in agricultural soil due to rapid industrialization in Bangladesh: a review

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Proshad ◽  
Tapos Kormoker ◽  
Niaj Mursheed ◽  
Md. Monirul Islam ◽  
Md. Isfatuzzaman Bhuyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Rapid Industrialization

Heavy metal is a member of loosely defined subset of elements that exhibit metallic properties. It mainly includes the transition metals, some metalloids, lanthanides, and actinides. Heavy metals are ubiquitous in the environment, as a result of both natural and anthropogenic activities. They are stable and cannot be destroyed, and therefore tend to accumulate in the environment. In recent years, there has been a substantial concern over the extent of contamination of the environment with toxic elements. Soil pollution caused by rapid industrial activities has become a worrisome phenomenon due to its impact on soil and environment. Heavy metal pollution in soil arising from industrial discharges significantly poses a great threat to the environment. Heavy metals come to the soil by several ways and the soil becomes toxic which cause serious problem to the environment. In toxic soil, microorganisms cannot persist and there create an imbalance situation in the soil. The main objective of this study was to assess the problem of heavy metal contamination in industrial area soil in Bangladesh with environmental risk assessment.

scholarly journals Utilization of Rats Purun (Eleochalists of Dulcis) and Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes) to Reduce Mercury Level (Hg) With Phytoremediation Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Sileni Putri ◽  
Nasoetion Nasoetion ◽  
Muhtadi Muhtadi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Mercury Level ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Tidal Swamp

Metal mercury (Hg), has the chemical name hydragyrum which means liquid. Mercury metal is represented by Hg. In the periodic chemical elements Hg rank (NA) 80 and have atomic weights (BA 200,59). Rat Purun (Eleocharis dulcis) and water hyacinth (Eichhorniacrassipes) are plants that are widely found in tidal swamp land. Both plants can be used as organic fertilizer, biofilter, and absorb toxic elements such as heavy metals Lead (Pb), Iron (Fe), Mercury (Hg), Sulphate (SO4). This study aims to determine the ability of rat purun plants (Eleochalisdulcis) and water hyacinth (Eichhorniacrassipes) in reducing mercury (Hg) levels in water and to determine the effectiveness of rat purun plants (Eleochalisdulcis) and water hyacinth (Eichhorniacrassipes) in absorbing mercury Hg. Sample analysis was carried out at the Bandar Lampung Standardization Research Center.The results obtained by rat purun plants (Eleochalisdulcis) can reduce mercury levels (Hg). The effectiveness of reducing heavy metal mercury (Hg) is 97.88%. Water hyacinth plants (Eichhorniacrassipes) have effectiveness in reducing heavy metals mercury (Hg) which is equal to 96.66%.

scholarly journals Spatial Relationships Between pH and Vegetation Pattern in an Area Contaminated with Heavy Metals

2003 ◽  
pp. 140-143
Author(s):  
Elza Kovács ◽  
János Tamás
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Vegetation Pattern ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Vegetation Density ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Ph Conditions

It is not possible to gain information on the risk factor representing the bioavailability and the mobility of the contaminants only on the basis of their total concentrations. Especially, in case of heavy metals, which can be charaterised with very different chemical forms and their mobil and mobilizable parts are determined by complex balances highly sensitive to the changing environmental conditions. Considering mine tailings, however, the toxic elements are basically in ore forms having low adsorption capacity, thus the heavy metal ion concentration in solution is governed mainly by the pH conditions. In Gyöngyösoroszi, the spatial distribution of the total heavy metal concentrations as well as that of pH values determining the bioavailable part of the toxic elements were estimated and by mapping the vegetation pattern, relationship was analysed among the total Zn, Cu, Pb and As concentrations, the pH and the species present. Results show that the presence of the certain plant species is highly determined by the pH on the mine tailing material, the highest vegetation density was found where the bioavailability of the toxic elements were considered the smallest as a result of the neutral pH. As a result, high diversity could be found even in places where the total zinc, copper, lead and arsenic concentrations were extreme. In addition, plant species could be identified, which are tolerant to toxic elements and present even if the pH is low and the bioavailable part of the heavy metals is relatively high.

scholarly journals Content of inorganic elements in snails meat

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (83) ◽  
pp. 189-193
Author(s):  
I.S. Danilova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Helix Pomatia ◽  
Helix Aspersa ◽  
The Body ◽  
Inorganic Elements ◽  
Fresh Meat ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Helix Aspersa Maxima

Currently, there are several classifications of inorganic elements, although each has its own advantages and disadvantages. The most studied group is macroelements, because they have a significant spread in the body and serve as a function of structural elements. The trace elements perform their functions, being part of the biologically active substances, which makes it difficult to study them, since the same element, depending on the form, can have a toxic effect or be vital. The macroelements include: K, Ca, Mg, Na, S, P, Cl. The trace elements are distributed as follows: Al, B, Br, V, I, Li, Si, As, Rb, Se, F, Sr and heavy metals, namely Zn, Cr, Ge, Fe, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Mo, Sn, Ni, Pb. Macroelements are contained in our body in a significant amount (more than 0.01% of the body weight, in other words, their content in the body of an adult is measured in grams and even in kilograms). The trace elements are involved in all processes of life and are the catalysts of biochemical reactions. Their daily intake is less than 200 mg, and they are contained in the body in small doses (less than 0.001% of body weight). The article presents the results of our own research on the content of inorganic elements in the meat of snails of various species Helix pomatia, Helix aspersa maxima and Helix aspersa muller. It is established that fresh meat of Helix aspersa maxima snails contains the least amount of heavy metals and the highest amount of selenium. Of the 12 inorganic elements that we studied in meat of snails from trace elements, Bromus is most often kept by Helix aspersa muller snails and is 1.91 ± 0.23 mg, Selenium and Manganese from Helix aspersa maxima snails are 0.32 ± 0.01mg and 29.29 ± 0.27 respectively. In the case of heavy metals in the meat of Helix aspersa maxima, there was no evidence of flatulence at all, and the most commonly found zinc in this specimen was 27.64 ± 0.22 mg in accordance. The calcium is the most enriched meat of Snails Helix pomatia and is 12571.25 ± 304.51 mg. As for the vital calcium macroelement, most of all it enriched the meat of the grape snail Helix pomatia. Based on the foregoing, it can be concluded that the fresh meat of Helix aspersa maxima snails contains the least amount of heavy metals and can be successfully used in the relevant industries, and especially in the food industry.

scholarly journals Assessment of air pollution by toxic elements on petrol stations using moss and lichen bag technique

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demková Lenka ◽  
Baranová Beáta ◽  
Oboňa Jozef ◽  
Árvay Július ◽  
Lošák Tomáš
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Hypogymnia Physodes ◽  
Lower Content ◽  
Pseudevernia Furfuracea

Three moss (Pleurosium spp., Polytrichum spp., Rhytidiadelphus spp.) and two lichen taxa (Hypogymnia physodes L., Pseudevernia furfuracea L.), were exposed for four weeks in six petrol stations, two consecutive years (2015–2016), in urban area of the Prešov city (Slovakia), to assess accumulation of selected airborne elements Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn. Significantly highest (P &lt; 0.01) ability to accumulate Zn, Ni, Co and Fe was found in Pleurosium spp.; Pseudevernia furfuracea was determined the best accumulator of Hg, whereas Rhytidiadelphus spp. was found as the least suitable for this purpose. No significant differences in heavy metal accumulation between moss and lichen taxonomic group were found. Samples of conifer (used as a moss/lichen bag holder) showed significantly lower content of heavy metals compared to mosses and lichens. Major content of heavy metals trapped in the air around petrol stations, did not originate from the petrol combustion, but predominantly from the car body, which is mechanically disrupted during fuelling.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Fe, Cr, Mn, Zn) Contents in Ungulates of Ogun State Agricultural Farm Settlement, Ago - Iwoye, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
OLADUNJOYE RASHEED YEMI ◽  
Asiru R. A. ◽  
Shokoya D. A.
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Natural Components ◽  
Animal Diet ◽  
Agricultural Farm ◽  
Chronic Contamination

Heavy metals are natural components of the earth's crust which can neither be degraded nor destroyed and were known as trace elements as they occur in minute concentrations in biological systems.  This study was aimed to investigate the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the commonly consumed duikers in an agricultural farm settlement. Commercially available four duikers (Cephalophus spp.) were collected for four weeks and four organs (skin, lungs, kidney and liver) from each sample were used. All the organs sampled were subjected to 7 heavy metals (Fe, Cu, Pb, Zn, Mn, Cr and Cd) tests using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (VGB 210 System) following standard procedure. All data were subjected to statistical analysis to find out the significant difference of heavy metal in each organ of and their accumulation effects. Heavy metals concentration in Cephalophus spp was in descending order of Cd (0.29±0.02 - 0.92±0.01) < Pb (0.52±0.03-1.08±0.06) < Cr (0.78±0.05-2.47±0.19) < Cu (5.05±0.30-13.35±0.54) < Mn (7.30±0.49-14.20±1.06) < Zn (75.52±3.04-125.28±10.57) < Fe (381.52±14.25-761.40±5.76). They accumulated the metals in ascending order Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Cd > Cr > Pb for skin, Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Cr > Cd > Pb for liver, Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Cr > Pb > Cd for lung and Fe > Zn > Cu > Mn > Cr > Pb > Cd for kidney. Variability of heavy metals in Cephalophus species may not be due to the differences in the animal diet and habitat, but, the level of acute or chronic contamination of their diet and habitat.

scholarly journals Macro and Trace Elements in Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Cultivated in Greece: Risk Assessment of Toxic Elements

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Effrosyni Zafeiraki ◽  
Konstantinos M. Kasiotis ◽  
Paul Nisianakis ◽  
Kyriaki Machera
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Accumulation Pattern ◽  
Macro Elements

The accumulation of hazardous contaminants in Cannabis sativa L. raises warning signs regarding possible adverse effects on human health due to the consumption of herbal medicines and/or other herbal edible products made from cannabis. Thus, there is an urge to investigate the levels of hazardous contaminants, such as heavy metals, in cannabis plant. In the present study, 29 macro and trace elements, including both beneficial and toxic elements (heavy metals and metalloids), were investigated in 90 samples of Cannabis sativa L. collected from Greece. According to the results, the detected concentrations of macro elements in the leaves/flowers of cannabis ranged between 28 and 138,378 ppm, and of trace elements between 0.002 and 1352.904 ppm. Although the concentrations of elements varied among the samples, their accumulation pattern was found to be similar, with the contribution of toxic elements to the total concentration of trace elements being below 1%. The detected levels of the most toxic elements were below the prescribed limits established by the WHO, while the calculated THQ and CR values showed no risk (non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic) for the population exposed to the current cannabis samples. Positive correlation between the concentration of elements and cannabis geographical origin and variety was observed. Cannabis leaves/flowers were more contaminated with trace and macro elements than seeds.

scholarly journals Species Peculiarities of Weeds in Terms of Heavy Metal Accumulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Zubkova ◽  
Natalia Belozubova ◽  
Flura Arslanbekova ◽  
Albina Gaponenko ◽  
Vasilisa Gorbunova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Agricultural Plants

Control over the accumulation of heavy metals (HM) in agrophytocenoses is an urgent environmental problem. An obligatory component of all field agrophytocenoses are various agrobiological groups of weeds. The purpose of this work was to study the features of HM accumulation in the weed component of agrophytocenoses. The study was carried out in agrophytocenoses of the Yaroslavl region, represented by winter and spring crops, legumes, corn, industrial crops, and a wide variety of weeds. According to the data of the route survey of crops in the Yaroslavl region, the weediness of agricultural plants was 31–101 pieces per square meter. Weeds differed in the content of HMs: by 5.8 times for Zn; more than 14 times for Cd and Pb; and about 6 times for Cu. Dandelion medicinal and creeping wheatgrass expressed the barrier function of the roots in relation to all of the studied elements. The contribution of weeds to the general elimination of trace elements and heavy metals by plants of agrophytocenoses is insignificant. Keywords: weeds, heavy metals, trace elements, barrier function of roots

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