scholarly journals The Effect of Ensiling on the Nutritional Composition and Fermentation Characteristics of Brown Seaweeds as a Ruminant Feed Ingredient

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mairead Campbell ◽  
Jordi Ortuño ◽  
Lauren Ford ◽  
David R. Davies ◽  
Anastasios Koidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Feed Ingredient ◽  
Brown Seaweeds ◽  
Preservation Method ◽  
Ruminant Feed

Ensiling could be an effective method to preserve seaweeds for animal feed applications, however, there is limited scientific knowledge in this area. Seaweeds are a promising ruminant feed ingredient, in part due to the content of phenolic compounds, which are receiving considerable interest as alternative antimicrobial agents in feed. The aim of the study was to compare the effect of ensiling on the nutritional composition and fermentation characteristics of two brown seaweed species, Fucus vesiculosus (FV) and Saccharina latissimi (SL) with or without the use of a Lactobacillus plantarum (LAB) inoculant. The effect of ensiling on the stability of phlorotannin was also investigated using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). After harvesting, the seaweeds were wilted for 24 h and subsequently ensiled in laboratory-scaled silos for 90 days. SL silage showed a stronger fermentation pattern (pH < 4), dominated by lactic acid (50–60 g/kg Dry Matter (DM)), and a slightly higher acetic acid content compared to FV silages (p < 0.05). The fermentability of FV was limited (pH > 4.8) with low lactic acid production (<5 g/kg DM). The addition of the LAB inoculant showed no effect on the fermentation process but a modest effect on the chemical composition of both species was observed after the 90-day ensiling period. The results showed no losses in the nutrient content of FV after ensiling, however losses in the Crude Protein (CP, −32%), ash (−36%), Neutral Detergent Fibre (NDF, −77%) and Acid Detergent Fibre (ADF, −58%) content of SL were observed. The ensiling process had a limited effect on the in vitro true dry matter digestibility and phenolic content of either species. Therefore, ensilage may be a suitable preservation method for the use of brown seaweeds as a ruminant feed; however, species-specific differences were observed.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of Earthworm (Eisenia foetida) Co-Dried with Vegetable Meals as an Animal Feed

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-92
Author(s):  
Kirenia Pérez-Corría ◽  
Aroldo Botello-León ◽  
Abril Karina Mauro-Félix ◽  
Franklin Rivera-Pineda ◽  
María Teresa Viana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Eisenia Foetida ◽  
Corn Meal ◽  
Feed Ingredient ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Market Requirement

To evaluate the chemical composition of the earthworm (Eisenia foetida) co-dried (EW) with vegetable meals (VM) as animal feed ingredient, the blends were mixed with wheat bran (WB), rice powder (RP), corn meal (CM) and soy cake meal (SCM) in proportions of 85:15; 75:25 and 65:35. The dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fat (CFA), crude fiber (CF), ashes and nitrogen-free extract (NFE) of the ingredients and final mixtures were determined. All the mixtures resulted with a high content of DM (≥90.00 %). No significant differences among the proportions were revealed (P>0.05). In addition, the higher inclusion of the earthworm in the proportions (85:15) increased (P<0.05) the CP (54.70 %), CFA (7.28 %), and ashes (10.20 %), mainly when mixed with SCM, CM, and RP, respectively. However, the use of vegetable meals proportionally increased the CF (7.31 %), and NFE (52.62 %), mainly with the proportion of 65:35 and with RP and CM, respectively (P<0.05). The results showed that the vegetable meals (WB, RP, CM, and SCM) are useful to co-dry the earthworm to be use for animal feed. It is concluded that the most appropriate proportion (VM:EW) will depend on the animal species, productive stage and market requirement.

scholarly journals Chemical composition diversity of fucoidans isolated from three tropical brown seaweeds (Phaeophyceae) species

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
FADILAH NOR LAILI LUTFIA ◽  
Alim Isnansetyo ◽  
Ratna Asmah Susidarti ◽  
Muhammad Nursid
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Uronic Acid ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Brown Seaweeds ◽  
Total Carbohydrates ◽  
High Sulfate

Abstract. Lutfia FN, Isnansetyo A, Susudarti RA, Nursid M. 2020. Chemical composition diversity of fucoidans isolated from three tropical brown seaweeds (Phaeophyceae) species. Biodiversitas 21: 3170-3177. Fucoidan is a polysaccharide with high sulfate content, found in the cell walls matrix of brown seaweed. Its bioactivities vary depending on the algae species and the chemical structure. The aims of this research were to extract, purify, and characterize fucoidan from three Indonesian brown seaweed, Sargassum sp., Turbinaria sp., and Padina sp. The extraction was carried out using acid method followed by precipitation with ethanol and CaCl2, while its purification using DEAE-cellulose ion-exchange chromatography. Characterization was performed by FTIR and 1H-NMR spectroscopic analyses. Chemical components of fucoidan determined were total carbohydrates, sulfate residue, uronic acid residue, and monosaccharide components. The results revealed that the Turbinaria sp. produced highest yield of fucoidan (4.8% dry matter), followed by Sargassum sp. (2.7% dry matter) and Padina sp. (2.6% dry matter). The carbohydrate contents of Sargassum sp., Turbinaria sp. and Padina sp. fucoidan were 64.55±0.12%, 67.42 ± 0.03% and 62.90 ± 0.04% with sulfate residues of 0.013% ± 4.71; 19.47±0.002% and 0.016%±8.81; and uronic acid residues of 25.19±0.03%; 12.69±0.03% and 12.91±0.01%, respectively. Sargassum sp., Turbinaria sp., and Padina sp. fucoidans consist of fucose and some other minor monosaccharides.

scholarly journals Keystone Taxa Lactiplantibacillus and Lacticaseibacillus Directly Improve the Ensiling Performance and Microflora Profile in Co-Ensiling Cabbage Byproduct and Rice Straw

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1099
Author(s):  
Guilin Du ◽  
Guilong Zhang ◽  
Jiping Shi ◽  
Jingxian Zhang ◽  
Zhiguo Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Waste Valorization ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Silage Quality ◽  
Metabolite Inhibition ◽  
Substrate Competition

Ensiling has been widely applied to cope with agricultural solid waste to achieve organic waste valorization and relieve environmental pressure and feedstuff shortage. In this study, co-ensiling of cabbage leaf byproduct and rice straw was performed with inoculation of Lactiplantibacillusplantarum (LP) to investigate the effects of inoculation on ensiling performance and microflora profiles. Compared to the control, LP inoculation preserved more dry matter (DM) content (283.4 versus 270.9 g·kg−1 fresh matter (FM) on day 30), increased lactic acid (LA) content (52.1 versus 35.8 g·kg−1 dry matter on day 15), decreased pH (3.55 versus 3.79 on day 15), and caused accumulation of acetic acid (AA), butyric acid (BA), and ammonia. The investigation showed that LP inoculation modified microflora composition, especially resisting potential pathogens and enriching more lactic acid bacteria (LAB) (p < 0.05). Moreover, Lactiplantibacillus and Lacticaseibacillus were identified as the keystone taxa that influenced physicochemical properties and interactions in microflora. They were also the main functional species that directly restrained undesirable microorganisms (p < 0.05), rather than indirectly working via metabolite inhibition and substrate competition (p > 0.05). The results of this present study improve the understanding of the underlying effect of LP inoculation on improving silage quality and facilitate the bio-transformation of cabbage byproduct and rice straw as animal feed.

In vitro nutritional evaluation and methane production of deoiledajwain meal as a potential ruminant feed ingredient

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayank Gautam ◽  
J.P. Sehgal ◽  
Madhu Mohini ◽  
Ritika Gupta ◽  
Tarun Kumar Varun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Feed Ingredient ◽  
Nutritional Evaluation ◽  
Mitigation Potential ◽  
Trachyspermum Ammi ◽  
Concentrate Mixture ◽  
Ruminant Feed

The present study was undertaken to evaluate deoiled ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi) meal (DOAM) for its in vitro nutritional evaluation and methane mitigation potential. For this purpose, a concentrate mixture based on maize and soybean meal as a major feed ingredient was formulated and designated as control ‘C’. The concentrate mixture was reformulated using 5, 10, 15 and 20 parts (kg/100kg) of DOAM for experimental groups i.e. T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively and made iso-nitrogenous by addition of urea. The values of DM, CP, EE, CF, TA, NFE, NDICP and ADICP (%) in DOAM were 88.41, 14.57, 2.65, 16.35, 12.75, 53.68, 51.86 and 17.35, respectively. Dry matter degradability and digestibility of T1 and T2 were comparable with those of control whereas significant (P is less than0.05) depression was observed when 15% (T3) and 20 percent(T4) of DOAM was incorporated. Addition of 10 percent DOAM in the concentrate mixture caused significant (P is less than 0.05) decrease of methane production from 46.65 mg/g DM (control) to 39.70 ml/gm DM. It can be concluded from the present study that addition of 10 percent deoiled ajwain meal (DOAM) in the concentrate in concentrate mixture resulted in lower methane production and has no adverse effect on DM, OM and CP digestibility.

scholarly journals Clinical Efficacy of Brown Seaweeds Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus in the Prevention or Delay Progression of the Metabolic Syndrome: A Review of Clinical Trials

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 714
Author(s):  
Enver Keleszade ◽  
Michael Patterson ◽  
Steven Trangmar ◽  
Kieran J. Guinan ◽  
Adele Costabile
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Ascophyllum Nodosum ◽  
Fucus Vesiculosus ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
World Population ◽  
Brown Seaweeds ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a global public health problem affecting nearly 25.9% of the world population characterised by a cluster of disorders dominated by abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high fasting plasma glucose, hypertriacylglycerolaemia and low HDL-cholesterol. In recent years, marine organisms, especially seaweeds, have been highlighted as potential natural sources of bioactive compounds and useful metabolites, with many biological and physiological activities to be used in functional foods or in human nutraceuticals for the management of MetS and related disorders. Of the three groups of seaweeds, brown seaweeds are known to contain more bioactive components than either red and green seaweeds. Among the different brown seaweed species, Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus have the highest antioxidant values and highest total phenolic content. However, the evidence base relies mainly on cell line and small animal models, with few studies to date involving humans. This review intends to provide an overview of the potential of brown seaweed extracts Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus for the management and prevention of MetS and related conditions, based on the available evidence obtained from clinical trials.

Physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory characteristics of probiotic Bulgarian yoghurts obtained by ultrafiltration of goat’s milk

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariya Dushkova ◽  
Siyka Kodinova ◽  
Zapryana Denkova ◽  
Velichka Yanakieva ◽  
Nikolay Dimitrov Menkov
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Bifidobacterium Bifidum ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Viable Cells ◽  
Goat’S Milk ◽  
Goat's Milk

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the microbiological (number of viable lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria), physicochemical (dry matter, protein and fat contents, titratable acidity, and pH), and sensory characteristics (appearance of coagulum, taste and aroma, structure at cutting, color, and consistency at shattering) of probiotic Bulgarian yoghurts obtained by ultrafiltration of goat’s milk. These yoghurts were obtained using volume reduction ratios of 2 and 3 with the probiotic starters MZ2f, MZ2f + Bifidobacterium bifidum BB – 87, and MZ2f + Lactobacillus acidophilus LAB – 8. The increase in the level of the concentration by ultrafiltration led to an increase in the dry matter, protein and fat contents of the yoghurts, in the number of lactic acid bacteria and titratable acidity, and to a decrease in the pH. The twofold concentration by ultrafiltration resulted in a higher number of lactic acid bacteria in comparison with yoghurts made without ultrafiltration, and with better sensory characteristics compared to yoghurts without and with threefold ultrafiltration. The higher number of viable cells and better sensory characteristics were obtained for yoghurts with MZ2f + Bifidobacterium bifidum BB – 87 and MZ2f + Lactobacillus acidophilus LAB – 8 in comparison with MZ2f alone.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF ENSILAGE ON THE NUTRITIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF POULTRY WASTE - CARBOHYDRATE MIXTURE AS LIVESTOCK FEED

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-75
Author(s):  
J. A. IBEAWUCHI ◽  
J. O. ECHUMBA
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Poultry Waste ◽  
Feed Ingredient ◽  
Carbohydrate Source ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Livestock Feed ◽  
Sorghum Flour

In a laboratory study, the results of ensiling caged layer poultry waste with carbohydrate source to enhance its usefulness as feed ingredient for livestock were reported. Poultry waste (20%) mixed with cassava or sorghum flour was ensiled in test-tube silos and sampled at intervals during a 14-day storage period. In both mixtures, the dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and pH values were significantly. in Nigeria, poultry waste was affected (P<0.05) with time after ensiling. The DM values were higher (P<0.05) on day 10 than on day 0,5 or 14. The poultry waste-sorghum mixture increased in CP level (P<0.05) from 8.0% on day O to 9.1% on day 14 while in the  cassava mixture CP increased from 7.0% on day  7.6% on day 10. There was a drop in pH from 6.4 to 4.6 in both mixtures at the end of the storage period. The results showed that ensiling cassava or sorghum flour with poultry waste enriched the nitrogen content of the mixture thereby enhancing its usefulness  as livestock feed.

scholarly journals Bioactive properties of insect products for monogastric animals – a review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
T. Veldkamp ◽  
L. Dong ◽  
A. Paul ◽  
C. Govers
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Secondary Effects ◽  
Feed Ingredient ◽  
Helical Peptides ◽  
Bioactive Properties ◽  
Chitin And Chitosan ◽  
Additional Value

Insects or products derived from insects are considered as a valuable feed ingredient for aquaculture, poultry, and pigs but also exert possible secondary effects of health stimulators in livestock as reported in literature. Health benefits attributed to insects can create additional value in the insect chain. Three categories of bioactive compounds in insects are reported in this desk study: antimicrobial peptides (such as α-helical peptides, cysteine-rich peptides, proline-rich peptides, glycine-rich peptides), fatty acids (especially lauric acid), and polysaccharides (especially chitin and chitosan). The review summarises the recent literature on these three categories. Antimicrobial properties or immuno-modulating effects may contribute to reduce the use of antibiotics and to avoid antibiotic resistance in livestock when these insect products are included in animal diets. Furthermore, antioxidant capacity of insect-proteins might reduce collateral tissue damage. Health stimulating effects of insect products may result in additional applications of insect products in animal feed for livestock.

scholarly journals Evaluasi Kandungan Nutrisi Pakan dan Daya Hambat Tepung Biji Asam Kandis (Gracinia cowa) sebagai Bahan Pakan Unggas

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Febri Puska Padang ◽  
Osfar Sjofjan ◽  
Edhy Sudjarwo
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Inhibitory Bacteria

Kandis acid (Gracinia cowa) has been used for cooking, medicine, beauty, etc., but using of seeds has not been profitable so it was wasted. Seeds can be used as a fitobiotic to replace antibiotics or as feed ingredients. The purpose of this study was to determine the food ingredient and the inhibitory of bacteria on kandis seeds flour. This research was conducted by laboratory experiments using Kandis seeds flour as a material, analysis proximate used to represent the composition of feedstuft, bioactive used test flavonoid quantitaf seconder and the inhibitory test with hollow diffusion methode. The results of the test were dry matter 89.11%, crude fat 4.77, fiber 18.57, crude protein 0.99, tannin 0.29%, GE 5244 kcal / kg, Ca 0.72%, P 0, 22%, flavonoids 0.44%, density 413 g / mL. The smallest inhibitory bacteria produced by lactic acid bacteria then Salmonella and Escherichia coli. The food ingredient represented that value Kandis acid seeds flour can be used as food and there are bacterial inhibitory by the activity of flavonoids and tannins. The conclusion is the kandis acid seeds have potential as feed ingredients and phytobiotics Keywords: gracinia cowa, flavonoid, proximate analysis, inhibition

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