scholarly journals Incidence of Bacteremia Consequent to Different Endoscopic Procedures in Dogs: A Preliminary Study

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2265
Author(s):  
Alba Gaspardo ◽  
Maria Chiara Sabetti ◽  
Renato Giulio Zanoni ◽  
Benedetto Morandi ◽  
Giorgia Galiazzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Endoscopic Procedure ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Endoscopic Procedures ◽  
Incidence Risk ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The University

Endoscopic procedures are widely used in veterinary medicine, and their role in producing transient bacteremia is debatable. The growing issue of antibiotic resistance requires the correct use of antibiotics, avoiding their administration when not strictly necessary. Studies highlighting post-endoscopy bacteremia in veterinary medicine are extremely rare and often involve very few animals. This study describes the results from 74 owned dogs, brought to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Department of Veterinary Medical Science of the University of Bologna, for the purpose of undergoing an endoscopic procedure. Two blood samples were taken from each dog, one before and one after the procedure, in order to assess the incidence of bacteremia linked to endoscopic procedures. Eight dogs were tested positive at the second blood culture with an Incidence Risk (IR) of 10.8%. No statistical differences were found by comparing positive and negative blood cultures with respect to sex, age, weight and anesthesia duration. In addition, no difference was found between airway and digestive tract procedures. The present findings showed that the probability of developing bacteremia after an endoscopic procedure was quite low, and additional studies confirming this are certainly recommended as well as the evaluation of categories of patients potentially considered at risk.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Pathogen Identification, Antibiotic Resistance, and Virulence Genes Prediction Directly From Simulated Blood Samples and Positive Blood Cultures by Nanopore Metagenomic Sequencing

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menglan Zhou ◽  
Yarong Wu ◽  
Timothy Kudinha ◽  
Peiyao Jia ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Nanopore Sequencing ◽  
Hybrid Assembly ◽  
Pathogen Identification ◽  
Blood Samples

Bloodstream infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. We explored whether MinION nanopore sequencing could accelerate diagnosis, resistance, and virulence profiling prediction in simulated blood samples and blood cultures. One milliliter of healthy blood samples each from direct spike (sample 1), anaerobic (sample 2), and aerobic (sample 3) blood cultures with initial inoculation of ∼30 CFU/ml of a clinically isolated Klebsiella pneumoniae strain was subjected to DNA extraction and nanopore sequencing. Hybrid assembly of Illumina and nanopore reads from pure colonies of the isolate (sample 4) was used as a reference for comparison. Hybrid assembly of the reference genome identified a total of 39 antibiotic resistance genes and 77 virulence genes through alignment with the CARD and VFDB databases. Nanopore correctly detected K. pneumoniae in all three blood samples. The fastest identification was achieved within 8 h from specimen to result in sample 1 without blood culture. However, direct sequencing in sample 1 only identified seven resistance genes (20.6%) but 28 genes in samples 2–4 (82.4%) compared to the reference within 2 h of sequencing time. Similarly, 11 (14.3%) and 74 (96.1%) of the virulence genes were detected in samples 1 and 2–4 within 2 h of sequencing time, respectively. Direct nanopore sequencing from positive blood cultures allowed comprehensive pathogen identification, resistance, and virulence genes prediction within 2 h, which shows its promising use in point-of-care clinical settings.

Respiratory Complications in Outpatient Endoscopy with Endoscopist-Directed Sedation

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kilian Friedrich ◽  
Sabine G. Scholl ◽  
Sebastian Beck ◽  
Daniel Gotthardt ◽  
Wolfgang Stremmel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Endoscopic Procedure ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Respiratory Complications ◽  
Endoscopic Procedures ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Respiratory Complaints

Background & Aims: Respiratory complications represent an important adverse event of endoscopic procedures. We screened for respiratory complications after endoscopic procedures using a questionnaire and followed-up patients suggestive of respiratory infection.Method: In this prospective observational, multicenter study performed in Outpatient practices of gastroenterology we investigated 15,690 patients by questionnaires administered 24 hours after the endoscopic procedure.Results: 832 of the 15,690 patients stated at least one respiratory symptom after the endoscopic procedure: 829 patients reported coughing (5.28%), 23 fever (0.15%) and 116 shortness of breath (SOB, 0.74%); 130 of the 832 patients showed at least two concomitant respiratory symptoms (107 coughing + SOB, 17 coughing + fever, 6 coughing + coexisting fever + SOB) and 126 patients were followed-up to assess their respiratory complaints. Twenty-nine patients (follow-up: 22.31%, whole sample: 0.18%) reported signs of clinically evident respiratory infection and 15 patients (follow-up: 11.54%; whole sample: 0.1%) received therefore antibiotic treatment. Coughing or vomiting during the endoscopic procedure resulted in a 156.12-fold increased risk of respiratory complications (95% CI: 67.44 - 361.40) and 520.87-fold increased risk of requiring antibiotic treatment (95% CI: 178.01 - 1524.05). All patients of the follow-up sample who coughed or vomited during endoscopy developed clinically evident signs of respiratory infection and required antibiotic treatment while this occurred in a significantly lower proportion of patients without these symptoms (17.1% and 5.1%, respectively).Conclusions: We demonstrated that respiratory complications following endoscopic sedation are of comparably high incidence and we identified major predictors of aspiration pneumonia which could influence future surveillance strategies after endoscopic procedures.

FOALS ARE GETTING HELP

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. A96-A96
Author(s):  
J. F. L.
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Human Medicine ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Twin Brother ◽  
Pennsylvania Hospital ◽  
The University

KENNETT SQUARE, Pa.—Nearly as rare as the colt that grows up to be a racing champion is the birth of twin foals. Yet a tiny and brave filly and her weaker twin brother grow stronger every day here in an intensive care unit for newborn horses. Established in 1983 and directed . . . by Dr. Wendy E. Vaala, a . . . veterinarian, the University of Pennsylvania's intensive care unit for foals was built. . . . It is one of only seven such units in the country, and they have led to the development of a new specialty in veterinary medicine—equine neonatology. Recipes for formula fed to foals were borrowed from those used at the University of Pennsylvania Hospital in Philadelphia. The intensive care unit uses ultrasound equipment, heart monitors and other devices commonly used in human neonatal medicine. Treatments for infections, poisoning, ulcers, birth defects, even difficult births were adopted from human medicine. . . . But there are no incubators. . . .The foals are too active.

scholarly journals Internationalization at the University of São Paulo

2016 ◽  
Vol 95 (spe3) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Raul Machado Neto
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Law School ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Engineering School ◽  
The University

The University of São Paulo, founded in 1934, started under the influence of important foreigners academicians in our campuses. The beginning of our university was the result of a fusion of the already existing colleges – Law School, School of Engineering, School of Pharmacy and Dentistry, College of Agriculture, Medical School, and School of Veterinary Medicine. In addition, in 1934, the School of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters was created being responsible for human sciences – Philosophy, History, Geography, Sociology – and hard sciences – Mathematics, Physics, and Chemistry – that academically amalgamated the professional existing colleges. In the thirties, we benefited from the instabilities in Europe and important professors came to the University of São Paulo contributing remarkably to our successful trajectory.[...]

scholarly journals Exploration of simultaneous polydrug use: risk and protective factors in undergraduate students in one university, Kingston - Jamaica

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (spe) ◽  
pp. 68-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole Mitchell ◽  
Laura Simich ◽  
Carol Strike ◽  
Bruna Brands ◽  
Norman Giesbrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Polydrug Use ◽  
Ease Of Access ◽  
The University

Simultaneous polydrug use in undergraduate students was studied in one university in Kingston, Jamaica. The study was a cross-sectional, and used a survey method of data collection. We examined protective and risk factors associated with simultaneous polydrug use in a sample of 295 undergraduate students from the health and medical science departments in the university. Our results suggest that continued residence with family, family support, and students' emotional well-being are protective factors. On the other hand, ease of access of substance and limited emotional support may be considered risk factors. Our findings may inform preventive programs, though further research is required.

scholarly journals Earlier Positivity of Central-Venous- versus Peripheral-Blood Cultures Is Highly Predictive of Catheter-Related Sepsis

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Blot ◽  
Eric Schmidt ◽  
Gérard Nitenberg ◽  
Cyrille Tancrède ◽  
Bernard Leclercq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Venous Catheter ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Indwelling Catheter ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Reference Center ◽  
Reliable Tool ◽  
Period Data

To diagnose catheter-related sepsis without removing the catheter, we evaluated the differential positivity times of cultures of blood drawn simultaneously from central venous catheter and peripheral sites. In a 450-bed cancer reference center, simultaneous central- and peripheral-blood cultures were prospectively performed for patients with suspicion of catheter-related sepsis over an 18-month period. Data for 64 patients for whom the same microorganisms were found when central- and peripheral-blood samples were cultured were retrospectively reviewed by two independent physicians blinded to the differential positivity time values in order to establish or refute the diagnosis of catheter-related sepsis. The diagnosis was established in 28 cases, refuted in 14, and indeterminate in the remaining 22. The differential positivity time was significantly greater for patients with catheter-related sepsis (P < 10−4). A cutoff limit of +120 min had 100% specificity and 96.4% sensitivity for the diagnosis of catheter-related sepsis. These results strongly suggest that measurement of the differential positivity time might be a reliable tool facilitating the diagnosis of catheter-related sepsis in patients with an indwelling catheter.

scholarly journals Pattern of Childhood Malignancies in Ilorin, Nigeria: Challenges and Strategies for Management in a Tertiary Health Institution

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-246
Author(s):  
Abiola Samuel Babatunde ◽  
Aishatu Ahmed Gobir ◽  
Mohammed Akanbi Nurudeen Adeboye ◽  
Abdulganiy Adebayo-Oloko ◽  
Idayat Adenike Durotoye
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Osteogenic Sarcoma ◽  
Late Presentation ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Childhood Malignancies ◽  
Liver Cell Carcinoma ◽  
The University ◽  
Challenges And Strategies

Objective: The study was carried out to document the pattern of childhood malignant tumors which were diagnosed at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, and compare with previous reports from other parts of Nigeria and elsewhere and also highlight the challenges and strategies for effective management of these diseases in our environment. Methods: A ten year retrospective analysis of all cancers diagnosed in children below the age of 18 years at the study centre between January 2000 and December 2009 was carried out. Case folders of all children diagnosed with malignant tumors within the study period were retrieved from the Cancer Registry Department of the Hospital and were analyzed with respect to age, gender, morphological or histological type of malignancy, extent of disease, treatment modality, and survival outcome. Results: Ninety nine (99) children were diagnosed with various malignancies during the study period. Sixty seven (67; 67.7%) were boys and 32 (32.3%) were girls giving a male to female ratio of 2:1. There were 22 cases (22.2%) recorded in children aged below 4 years and 72 cases (72.7%) were diagnosed in children between 4-14 years. Lymphomas were the most prevalent malignancies encountered accounting for 54 cases (54.5%), Burkitt’s lymphoma constituted 43 (79.6%) of all lymphoma cases. The distribution of the five foremost malignancies recorded were as follows: Burkitt’s lymphoma (43 cases), Nephroblastoma (10 cases), Retinoblastoma (8 cases), Non Hodgkin’s lymphoma (7 cases) and Acute leukaemias (5 cases). Other malignancies included Osteogenic sarcoma (5), Hodgkin’s lymphoma (4), and 2 cases each of primary liver cell carcinoma, neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and nasopharyngeal tumor. Conclusion: The distribution of the various childhood malignant tumors recorded in this study is similar to the pattern reported in previous studies from Nigeria and other countries. However, there appears to be a lower prevalence of leukemia recorded in this study compared to the earlier findings. The challenges which were identified in the diagnosis, management and overall outcome of our patients included limited number of diagnostic tools, late presentation in the hospital, high patient default rate, poverty, and shortage of chemotherapeutic drugs.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.14(3) 2015 p.241-246

scholarly journals XII.—Memoir of the Life and Writings of Robert Whytt, M.D., Professor of Medicine in the University of Edinburgh from 1747 to 1766.

1862 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Seller
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Busy Period ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Biographical Dictionary ◽  
University Of Edinburgh ◽  
The University ◽  
At Home

It does not always happen that the memory of inquirers into nature, who have the merit or the fortune to strike first into a right path, is cherished as it deserves. This remark applies forcibly to the eminent person, whether regarded as a physiologist or as a physician, of whose life aud labours a brief memoir is now laid before the Society. The name of Robert Whytt was familiar to his contemporaries both at home and abroad. Increase of distance should hardly yet have dimmed its lustre. Yet, in proportion as the views which he initiated have expanded more and more in growing to maturity, the less and less is heard of their author. Biography—which never did Whytt great justice—begins already to put him aside. A few particulars of his life, with a catalogue of his works, have hitherto been common in books of that description, principally in those of Germany and France. In some newer French biographies his name has dropped out. But of a late Edinburgh Biographical Dictionary, extending to not a few volumes, while restricted to the lives of eminent Scotsmen, it will hardly obtain credit that an early luminary of the rising University, conspicuous among the European leaders of medical science during a busy period of the eighteenth century, should, amidst a cloud of mediocrity, be there sought for in vain.

scholarly journals Digital Recording and Documentation of Endoscopic Procedures: Do Patients and Doctors Think Alike?

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadav Willner ◽  
Maya Peled-Raz ◽  
Dan Shteinberg ◽  
Michal Shteinberg ◽  
Dean Keren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoscopic Procedure ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Digital Recording ◽  
Background Factors ◽  
Endoscopic Procedures ◽  
Endoscopy Unit ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Digital Documentation

Aims and Methods.Conducting a survey study of a large number of patients and gastroenterologists aimed at identifying relevant predictors of interest in digital recording and documentation (DRD) of endoscopic procedures. Outpatients presenting to the endoscopy unit at our institution for an endoscopy examination were anonymously surveyed, regarding their views and opinions of a possible recording of the procedure. A parallel survey for gastroenterologists was conducted.Results.417 patients and 62 gastroenterologists participated in two parallel surveys regarding DRD of endoscopic procedures. 66.4% of the patients expressed interest in digital documentation of their endoscopic procedure, with 90.5% of them requesting a copy. 43.6% of the physicians supported digital recording while 27.4% opposed it, with 48.4% opposing to making a copy of the recording available to the patient. No sociodemographic or background factors predicted patient’s interest in DRD. 66% of the physicians reported having recording facilities in their institutions, but only 43.6% of them stated performing recording. Having institutional guidelines for DRD was found to be the only significant predictor for routine recording.Conclusions.Our study exposes patients’ positive views of digital recording and documentation of endoscopic procedures. In contrast, physicians appear to be much more reluctant towards DRD and are centrally motivated by legal concerns when opposing DRD, as well as when supporting it.

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