scholarly journals Porcine Digestible Peptides (PDP) in Weanling Diets Regulates the Expression of Genes Involved in Gut Barrier Function, Immune Response and Nutrient Transport in Nursery Pigs

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2368
Author(s):  
Francesc González-Solé ◽  
Lourdes Criado-Mesas ◽  
Carmen Villodre ◽  
Wellington C. García ◽  
Mercè Farré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Intestinal Function ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Gut Barrier Function ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Qpcr Platform ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Daily Gain

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of porcine digestible peptides (PDP), spray-dried plasma (SDP), or a combination of both, on growth performance and the expression of genes related to intestinal function of weaned pigs. A total of 180 piglets (trial 1) and 198 piglets (trial 2) were used to evaluate the partial substitution of soybean ingredients with 2% SDP or 2% PDP (trial 1), and with 3% SDP or the combination of 1% SDP and 2% PDP (SDP-PDP; trial 2) during the pre-starter period (0–14 days). The gene expression of 56 genes was quantified in a qPCR platform in jejunum and ileum samples obtained from piglets 14 d after weaning (trial 2). Piglets fed SDP, PDP and SDP-PDP had a higher body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (G:F) than the soybean control on day 14 (p < 0.05). In addition, the combination of SDP and PDP upregulated ten genes in jejunum samples (p < 0.05) related to intestinal function. More research is needed to confirm that gene expression upregulation by PDP in combination with SDP has an impact on intestinal function and to elucidate its underlying mechanisms.

scholarly journals “Porcine Digestible Peptides (Pdp) in Weanling Diets Improves Gut Barrier Function, Immune Response and Nutrient Transport in Nursery Pigs” 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesc González-Solé ◽  
Lourdes Criado-Mesas ◽  
Carmen Villodre ◽  
Wellington C. García ◽  
Mercè Farré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutrient Transport ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Intestinal Function ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Gut Barrier Function

Abstract Background: Porcine digestive peptides (PDP) have proven to be a valid substitute for other high-quality dietary protein sources for piglets, like spray-dried plasma (SDP), but knowledge about their influence on intestinal function is still scarce. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of PDP, SDP or a combination of both on growth performance and intestinal function of weaned pigs. Results: A total of 180 piglets (Trial 1) and 198 piglets (Trial 2) were used to evaluate the partial substitution of soybean ingredients with 2% SDP or 2% PDP (Trial 1), and with 3% SDP or the combination of 1% SDP and 2% PDP (SDP-PDP; Trial 2) during the pre-starter period (d0-14). A common commercial diet was offered up to day 35 in Trial 2. The effects on intestinal function were evaluated by quantifyingthe gene expression (56 genes in an Open Array Real-Time PCRPlatform) in jejunum and ileum samples obtained from piglets on d 14 after weaning (Trial 2).Piglets fed SDP, PDP and SDP-PDP had a higher body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (G:F) than the soybean controlon day 14 (P< 0.05), but no differences were observed among groups at the end of starter phase (Trial 2). Ten genes in jejunum and five in ileum samples were differentially expressed among treatments (P< 0.05). The highest expression was found in the SDP-PDP group. These genes are involved in the barrier function of intestinal cells,the immune response, mucosal nutrient transport, digestion and metabolization of oxidation products. Conclusion: The combination of SDP and PDP upregulated genes related to the intestinal functionwithout affecting growth performance. The underlying mechanisms that produced these effects are still unknown; however, protein hydrolysates might contain bioactive peptides that could be the cause.

scholarly journals Effects of Fumonisin-Contaminated Corn on Growth Performance of 9 to 28 kg Nursery Pigs

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 604
Author(s):  
Zhong-Xing Rao ◽  
Mike D. Tokach ◽  
Jason C. Woodworth ◽  
Joel M. DeRouchey ◽  
Robert D. Goodband ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Linear Response ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

Fumonisin contamination in corn is an emerging issue in animal feed production. Fumonisin disrupts the metabolism of sphingolipids and reduces growth performance. This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of feeding fumonisin-contaminated corn on growth performance and sphinganine (SA) to sphingosine (SO) ratios of 9 to 28 kg pigs. A total of 350 pigs, were used with 5 pigs/pen and 14 pens/treatment. Dietary treatments contained fumonisin-contaminated corn (50 mg/kg of fumonisin B1 + B2) blended with low fumonisin corn (10 mg/kg of fumonisin B1 + B2) to provide dietary fumonisin concentrations of 7.2, 14.7, 21.9, 32.7, and 35.1 mg/kg. From day 0 to 28, increasing fumonisin concentration decreased (linear, p < 0.001) average daily gain, average daily feed intake (linear, p = 0.055), and gain:feed ratio (linear, p = 0.016). Although these response criteria tested linear, the greatest reduction in performance was in pigs fed with 32.7 and 35.1 mg/kg of fumonisin (B1 + B2). Increasing fumonisin concentration increased the serum SA:SO ratio (linear, p < 0.001) on day 14 and 28. In summary, for 9 to 28 kg nursery pigs, increasing fumonisin linearly decreased average daily gain and gain:feed ratio. However, despite the linear response, diets containing up to 21.9 mg/kg of fumonisin did not have as dramatic a decrease in growth performance as those fed more than 32.7 mg/kg. Further research is warranted to determine the effect of fumonisin concentrations between 21.9 and 32.7 mg/kg.

scholarly journals Live Yeast or Live Yeast Combined with Zinc Oxide Enhanced Growth Performance, Antioxidative Capacity, Immunoglobulins and Gut Health in Nursery Pigs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1626
Author(s):  
Shenfei Long ◽  
Tengfei He ◽  
Sung Woo Kim ◽  
Qinghui Shang ◽  
Tadele Kiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Total Volatile ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Serum Iga ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Live Yeast

This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary LY or LY combined with ZnO supplementation on performance and gut health in nursery pigs. 192 Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire piglets (weaned on d 32 of the age with 9.2 ± 1.7 kg BW) were allocated into four treatments with eight replicate pens, six piglets per pen. The treatments included a basal diet as control (CTR), an antibiotic plus ZnO diet (CTC-ZnO, basal diet + 75 mg/kg of chlortetracycline + ZnO (2000 mg/kg from d 1 to 14, 160 mg/kg from d 15 to 28)), a LY diet (LY, basal diet + 2 g/kg LY), and a LY plus ZnO diet (LY-ZnO, basal diet + 1 g/kg LY + ZnO). The results showed that pigs fed LY or LY-ZnO had increased (p < 0.05) average daily gain, serum IgA, IgG, superoxide dismutase, fecal butyric acid, and total volatile fatty acid concentrations, as well as decreased (p < 0.05) feed conversion ratio and diarrhea rate compared with CTR. In conclusion, pigs fed diets with LY or LY combined with ZnO had similar improvement to the use of antibiotics and ZnO in performance, antioxidant status, immunoglobulins, and gut health in nursery pigs.

scholarly journals 85 Impact of teat order on feed consumption in swine from birth to nursery

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 32-32
Author(s):  
Callan A Lichtenwalter ◽  
Jason K Apple ◽  
Elizabeth B Kegley ◽  
Tsung Cheng Tsai ◽  
Elizabeth Palmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase 1 ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Total Ghrelin ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Total P

Abstract This study evaluated the relationship between teat order and its impact on feed consumption in pigs through nursery. Pigs were observed 48 h after birth to be in either a cranial, middle, or caudal teat position. Growth performance data, and active and total plasma ghrelin concentrations (determined by radioimmunoassay) were analyzed from 2 pigs in each position from 6 litters (n = 36) at 7 d of age, 21 d of age (weaning), and 62 d of age (end of the nursery stage) to determine a relationship with teat order. At weaning, pigs were moved to an off-site nursery and housed 2 pigs/pen based on teat position and litter, resulting in 6 pens/teat position. Overall, no effect of teat order was found on average daily gain (ADG; P = 0.91), average daily feed intake (ADFI; P = 0.67), gain-to-feed ratio (G:F; P = 0.33), or body weight (P = 0.94) among pigs from each teat position. A linear relationship was found between teat order and ADG (P = 0.01) as well as G:F in nursery phase-1 (P = 0.01) with caudal pigs gaining more rapidly and being more efficient than cranial pigs. Yet, in nursery phase-2, cranial pigs had the greatest ADFI (linear, P = 0.05). No difference was seen in active (P = 0.18) or total (P = 0.63) ghrelin concentrations or the active to total ghrelin ratio (P = 0.68) in relation to teat order, although there were differences in active (P = 0.04) and total (P < 0.01) ghrelin concentrations among the sampling days with the least concentrations being on d 21 for active and total ghrelin. Further study should investigate what factors would contribute to these data contradicting previous inferences about the relationship of teat order and feed consumption in pigs

scholarly journals Effect of Edema Disease Vaccination on Mortality and Growth Parameters in Nursery Pigs in a Shiga Toxin 2e Positive Commercial Farm

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 567
Author(s):  
Susana Mesonero-Escuredo ◽  
Joaquín Morales ◽  
Raúl Carlos Mainar-Jaime ◽  
Gonzalo Díaz ◽  
José Luís Arnal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Edema Disease ◽  
E Coli ◽  
History Of ◽  
Daily Gain

Diseases caused by Escherichia coli are recognized as major problems in the swine industry, one of them being edema disease (ED). Importantly, the current decrease in antibiotic use may cause difficulties in controlling the disorders caused by E. coli. Therefore, this study assessed the efficacy of a commercial vaccine against ED in nursery pigs from a farm with previous history of ED. A total of 1344 pigs were monitored; half of them were randomly assigned to a vaccinated group (VG) and the other half to a non-vaccinated group (NVG). The vaccine was administered at 7 days of age. Animals received a pre-starter feed with 2500 ppm of zinc oxide (ZnO) for 2 weeks and a starter feed without ZnO for another 3 weeks. Pen-group weights were recorded at 28 (weaning), 42 (end of pre-starter phase), and 63 days of life (end of nursery phase). Death/culling rates, average daily gain (ADG), and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were calculated for each group at each phase. The overall relative risk of dying/being culled for a pig in the NVG was 5 times higher than that of the VG group but increased to 12 times higher during the starter period. ADG and ADFI were also significantly higher in the VG group for that period. Vaccination against ED significantly reduced pig losses and improved ADG and ADFI, particularly when ZnO was not used.

scholarly journals Differential response to stress in Ostrea lurida as measured by gene expression

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Emerson Heare ◽  
Samuel J. White ◽  
Brent Vadopalas ◽  
Steven B. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Puget Sound ◽  
Regulatory Activity ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Oyster Bay ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Olympia Oysters

Olympia oysters are the only oyster native to the west coast of North America. The population within Puget Sound, WA has been decreasing significantly since the early 1900’s. Current restoration efforts are focused on supplementing local populations with hatchery bred oysters. A recent study by Heare et al. (2015) has shown differences in stress response in oysters from different locations in Puget Sound however, nothing is known about the underlying mechanisms associated with these observed differences. In this study, expression of genes associated with growth, immune function, and gene regulatory activity in oysters from Oyster Bay, Dabob Bay, and Fidalgo Bay were characterized following temperature and mechanical stress. We found that heat stress and mechanical stress significantly changed expression in molecular regulatory activity and immune response, respectively. We also found that oysters from Oyster Bay had the most dramatic response to stress at the gene expression level. These data provide important baseline information on the physiological response of Ostrea lurida to stress and provide clues to underlying performance differences in the three populations examined.

Response of nursery pigs to diets with increasing levels of raw peas

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Friesen ◽  
E. Kiarie ◽  
C. M. Nyachoti
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Key Words Growth ◽  
Daily Gain

Five corn-soybean-based diets were formulated to contain 0, 15, 20, 25, or 30% raw peas and fed for 35 d to ninety-six 21-d-old pigs. Raw peas were included at the expense of corn and soybean meal. Increasing levels of raw peas depressed daily gain (P = 0.07), feed intake (P = 0.04) from days 21 to 56. Specifically, pigs fed diet with 25% peas had 19 and 25% lower average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI), respectively, than pigs fed the diet with 0% peas. The body weight (BW) was also linearly reduced (P = 0.10) on day 56. However, diets did not affect feed efficiency. Key words: Growth performance, peas, pig

Nutritional value of high-fat oat groats fed to weaned pigs

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-67
Author(s):  
P Leterme ◽  
C Montoya ◽  
B Rossnagel
Keyword(s):  
Canola Oil ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Weaned Pig ◽  
Daily Gain

Oat groats with high-fat (HFOG) content for weaned pigs were evaluated. The HFOG contained 95 g fat, 159 g crude protein and 5.4 g of apparently digestible lysine per kilogram DM. Weaned pigs (8.5 kg) were fed diets containing 0, 150, 300 or 450 g HFOG kg-1 DM for 4 wk. No difference in overall average daily gain, feed intake or gain-to-feed ratio was observed between treatments. In conclusion, HFOG can replace a mixture of wheat, canola oil and soybean meal (84:7:9) in diets for nursery pigs. Key words: Weaned pig, oat groats, nutritional value, digestibility, growth

100 Hybrid Rye May Replace Corn in Diets for Nursery Pigs Without Negatively Affecting Average Daily Gain, but gain:feed May Be Reduced

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 51-52
Author(s):  
Molly L McGhee ◽  
Hans H Stein
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Diarrhea Incidence ◽  
Hybrid Rye ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that replacing corn with hybrid rye in diets for weanling pig diets will not influence growth performance. In experiment 1, 160 pigs (6.0 ± 0.7 kg) were allotted to 40 pens and 5 treatments (Phase 1 (day 1–7): 0, 3, 6, 9, or 12% hybrid rye; Phase 2 (day 8–21): 0, 5, 11, 16, or 21% hybrid rye; Phase 3 (day 22–34): 0, 15, 30, 45, or 60% hybrid rye). In experiment 2, 128 pigs (5.6 ± 0.5 kg) were allotted to 32 pens and 4 treatments (Phase 1: 0, 8, 16, or 24% hybrid rye; Phase 2: 0, 16, 32, or 48% hybrid rye; Phase 3: 0, 20, 40, or 60% hybrid rye). Individual body weights were recorded at the start and end of each phase, and diarrhea incidence was recorded every other day. Diarrhea incidence was analyzed using proportions with SAS Proc Glimmix, whereas other data were analyzed in SAS Proc Mixed using linear and quadratic contrast statements. In experiment 1, body weights and average daily gain (ADG) did not differ among treatments (Table 1), but in experiment 2, ADG in phase 1 increased (linear, P &lt; 0.05) as rye inclusion increased. In both experiments, overall average daily feed intake increased (experiment 1, quadratic, P &lt; 0.05; experiment 2, linear, P &lt; 0.05) with greater rye inclusion and in both experiments overall gain:feed decreased (quadratic, P &lt; 0.05) as rye replaced corn in diets. Diarrhea incidence decreased (quadratic, P &lt; 0.05) with 6 or 9% rye inclusion in phase 1 of experiment 1, but not experiment 2. To conclude, hybrid rye may replace the majority of corn in diets for nursery pigs without impacting ADG, but gain:feed will be reduced due to greater feed intake.

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