Palatability of Protein Hydrolysates from Industrial Byproducts for Nile Tilapia Juveniles

This study was performed with the aim of determining the palatability of diets containing poultry and swine protein hydrolysates for Nile tilapia. Five experimental diets were made with a 5% inclusion level of fishmeal (FPE), poultry protein hydrolysate (PHF), liquid swine hydrolysate (PHS), feather protein hydrolysate (PHP), and swine mucosa hydrolysate (PHM). Five juveniles (2.81 ± 0.17 g) were placed in 10 L aquariums and fed five times a day after a raffle of offered diets. In each feeding throughout the day, 30 pellets were offered per fish. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five replicates per day. A three-minute footage period was established for each feeding with a digital camera. The following feeding behaviors were observed: time to capture the first pellet, number of pellet rejections, number of approaches without capturing the pellet, and number of consumed pellets. No observed parameters presented significant differences (p > 0.05). PHF provided a palatability index of 12.27%, while PHM had an index of 9.33%, PHF of 8.77%, and PHP of 7.74%. Both diets PHS and PHM increased the final consumption of pellets in comparison to FPE by more than 10%, despite the absence of a significant effect.

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Poultry byproducts and swine liver used in diets for Nile tilapia juveniles

Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research ◽

10.3856/vol48-issue5-fulltext-2524 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (5) ◽

pp. 895-900

Author(s):

Kerolay Valadão Carvalho ◽

Thiago Gabriel Luczinski ◽

Wilson Rogério Boscolo ◽

Jakeline Marcela Azambuja de Freitas ◽

Altevir Signor

Keyword(s):

Nile Tilapia ◽

Protein Hydrolysate ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Swine Liver ◽

Final Length ◽

Inclusion Level ◽

Poultry Byproducts ◽

Mixed Protein

This study aimed at evaluating diets containing protein hydrolysate from poultry byproducts and swine liver (PHPPL), at different inclusion levels, for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles. Seven diets were evaluated, being a negative control (free of both hydrolysate and fishmeal) and positive control (free of hydrolysate but containing fishmeal), besides five diets with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5% inclusion of the mixed protein hydrolysate. Significant effects were observed regarding the animals' final length, with higher values with the 1% inclusion level than the negative control. The liver's quantitative evaluation revealed that inclusions above 3% might lead to severe alterations in the organ's morphology. The use of PHPPL in the diets that did not contain fishmeal has shown to be effective in maintaining the performance parameters of Nile tilapia. Thus, its use is recommended considering an inclusion level of 3%.

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Anti-Atherogenic Effect of 10% Supplementation of Anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) Waste Protein Hydrolysates in ApoE-Deficient Mice

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13072137 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 2137

Author(s):

Jessica Maria Abbate ◽

Francesco Macrì ◽

Francesca Arfuso ◽

Carmelo Iaria ◽

Fabiano Capparucci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Health ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Protein Hydrolysate ◽

Protein Hydrolysates ◽

Metabolic Effects ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

High Frequency Ultrasound ◽

Aortic Sinus ◽

Fish Waste ◽

Plaque Development

Fish protein consumption exerts beneficial metabolic effects on human health, also correlating with a decreased risk for cardiovascular disease. Fish waste contains high amount of proteins and utilization may offer the opportunity for generating compounds advantageous for human health. Especially, fish waste protein hydrolysates beneficially influence pathways involved in body composition, exerting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, making their potential supplementation in human disorders of increased interest. This study assessed the effect of a 10% (w/w) anchovy waste protein hydrolysate (APH) diet for 12 weeks in reducing atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice, through histological and immunohistochemical methods. In addition, monitoring of plaque development was performed, using high-frequency ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. Overall, the APH diet attenuated atherosclerotic plaque development, producing a regression of arterial lesions over time (p < 0.05). Twelve weeks on an APH diet had an anti-obesity effect, improving lipid metabolism and reducing hepatic enzyme activity. A significant reduction in plaque size and lipid content was observed in the aortic sinus of APH-fed mice, compared to the control (p < 0.001), whereas no differences in the extracellular matrix and macrophage recruitment were observed. Supplementation of APH significantly attenuates atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice, exerting a lipid-lowering activity. The opportunity to use fish waste protein hydrolysates as a nutraceutical in atherosclerosis is worthy of future investigations, representing a low cost, sustainable, and nutritional strategy with minimal environmental impact.

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The anti hypertensive nutraceuticals of Vigna sp bean protein hydrolized by alcalase and flavourzyme

Journal of Functional Food and Nutraceutical ◽

10.33555/jffn.v2i1.40 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 63-73

Author(s):

Tejasari ◽

Sih Yuwanti ◽

Mohammad Bazar Ahmadi ◽

Yuna Luki Afsari

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

G Protein ◽

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Protein Hydrolysate ◽

Protein Hydrolysates ◽

Small Molecular Weight ◽

Hydrophobic Amino Acids ◽

Prevention Of Hypertension ◽

Hydrolysis Of ◽

Bean Protein

Peptide with hydrophobic amino acids had been studied for their inhibitory activity against angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE-1) transformation into ACE-2 and prevention of hypertension. The active peptides may come from alcalase and flavourzyme hydrolysis of bean protein. This study aimed to measure ACE-1 inhibitory of protein hydrolysates from Vigna sp. bean (mung bean and cowpea) that grew in Indonesia, and its solubility. The bean protein (22.9 - 23.6 %) was extracted using isoelectric precipitation at pH 4-4.6. The extracts were hydrolyzed at pH 8 for alcalase and pH 7 for flavourzyme, followed with inactivation at 80-85 oC. ACE-1 inhibitory activity was calculated based on the amount of hippuric acid (HA) formed by the hydrolysis of Hippuryl-His-Leu (HHL), in spectrophotometry detection method (228 nm). Ultrachromatography evaluation showed that the protein hydrolysates of mungbean contained higher hydrophobic amino acids (382 mg/g protein) compared to those of cowpea (329 mg/g protein). Protein hydrolysates of both beans from alcalase hydrolysis have higher ACE-1 inhibitory activity rather than those from flavourzyme. Protein hydrolysate from Vigna spp bean protein hydrolysis by alcalase, contained small molecular weight peptides (3.9-4.63 kDa) and high ACE-1 inhibition ability (80-93 %), and therefore suggested as antihypertensive nutraceuticals. Highest solubility of protein hydrolysates resulted from alcalase hydrolysis of both beans were observed at pH 8, while those resulted from flavorzyme hydrolysis were at pH 7, respectively.

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Photosynthetic performance of young maize (Zea mays L.) plants exposed to chilling stress can be improved by the application of protein hydrolysates

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.1769 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 72 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Rositsa Cholakova-Bimbalova ◽

Veselin Petrov ◽

Andon Vassilev

Keyword(s):

Developmental Stages ◽

Protein Hydrolysate ◽

Leaf Gas Exchange ◽

Chilling Stress ◽

Photosynthetic Pigment ◽

Photosynthetic Performance ◽

Protein Hydrolysates ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Maize Plants

Biostimulants offer a novel approach for the regulation of crucial physiological processes in plants. Recently, it has been observed that the application of biostimulants on both seeds and plants may ameliorate to some extent the negative effects of abiotic stresses such as drought, heat, salinity, and others. In the climate conditions of Bulgaria, the early developmental stages of warm climate crops, like maize, often occur under suboptimal temperatures. Although the mitigation of abiotic stress is perhaps the most frequently cited benefit of biostimulant formulations, little is known about their influence on chilling-stressed plants. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of a biostimulant from the group of protein hydrolysates on both the growth and the photosynthetic performance of chilling-exposed young maize plants grown in controlled environment. Here, we report that application of a protein hydrolysate increased the performance of chilled maize plants, as demonstrated by leaf gas exchange, photosynthetic pigment content, and chlorophyll fluorescence, but did not affect their growth. Nevertheless, based on the better preserved photosynthetic performance of the biostimulant-treated maize plants exposed to chilling, we assume that under subsequent favorable conditions their growth would recover more quickly as compared to the untreated ones.

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Daya Tetas Telur dan Sintasan Larva Dari Hasil Penambahan Madu pada Bahan Pengencer Sperma Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus)

e-Journal BUDIDAYA PERAIRAN ◽

10.35800/bdp.3.1.2015.6950 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yunus Ayer ◽

Joppy Mudeng ◽

Hengky Sinjal

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

Larval Survival ◽

Hatching Rate ◽

Dilution Ratio ◽

Egg Hatching ◽

Research Results ◽

Spermatozoa Motility ◽

Randomized Design

The objective of research was to determine the concentration of honey in sperm dilution for improving hatching rate of egg and survival of nile tilapia larvae (Oreochromis niloticus).The number of fish used was five pairs broodstock. Dilution substance was NaCl and honey. Observations were conducted on spermatozoa motility, fertility and egg hatching rate. Experimental design used was complete randomized design. Sperm dilution substance was prepare by disolving honey (0 mL; 0,60 mL; 0,65 mL dan 0,70 mL) in 100 mL; 99,40 mL; 99,35 mL and 99,30 mL NaCl respectively. Each dilution was homogenized using aerator for 15 minutes. Fertilization was done 12 hours after ovulation. Egg hatching rate was observed after ovulation. Research results showed the use of honey had significant effet on egg hatching rate, but not on larval survival. Treatment D (0,70 mL honey in 99,30 mL NaCl) had the highest hatching rate (77.33%). Dilution ratio 1:60 was the best indicated by spermatozoa motility 96.66%, fertility 71.65, hatching rate 70% and larval survival 81.67% Keywords : honey, egg hatching rate, larval survival, Oroechromnis niloticus

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Soluble Whey Protein Hydrolysate Ameliorates Muscle Atrophy Induced by Immobilization via Regulating the PI3K/Akt Pathway in C57BL/6 Mice

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12113362 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 3362

Author(s):

Ji Eun Shin ◽

Seok Jun Park ◽

Seung Il Ahn ◽

Se-Young Choung

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Whey Protein ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Muscle Atrophy ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Protein Hydrolysate ◽

Protein Hydrolysates ◽

Protein Supplementation ◽

Whey Protein Hydrolysates ◽

Whey Protein Hydrolysate

Sarcopenia, a loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, is prevalent in older people and associated with functional decline and mortality. Protein supplementation is necessary to maintain skeletal muscle mass and whey protein hydrolysates have the best nutrient quality among food proteins. In the first study, C57BL/6 mice were subjected to immobilization for 1 week to induce muscle atrophy. Then, mice were administered with four different whey protein hydrolysates for 2 weeks with continuous immobilization. Among them, soluble whey protein hydrolysate (WP-S) had the greatest increase in grip strength, muscle weight, and cross-sectional area of muscle fiber than other whey protein hydrolysates. To investigate the molecular mechanism, we conducted another experiment with the same experimental design. WP-S significantly promoted the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and inhibited the PI3K/Akt/forkhead box O (FoxO) pathway. In addition, it increased myosin heavy chain (MyHC) expression in both the soleus and quadriceps and changed MyHC isoform expressions. In conclusion, WP-S attenuated muscle atrophy induced by immobilization by enhancing the net protein content regulating muscle protein synthesis and degradation. Thus, it is a necessary and probable candidate for developing functional food to prevent sarcopenia.

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Debittering of Protein Hydrolysates by Lactobacillus LBL-4 Aminopeptidase

Enzyme Research ◽

10.4061/2011/538676 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Bozhidar Tchorbanov ◽

Margarita Marinova ◽

Lydia Grozeva

Keyword(s):

Culture Media ◽

Protein Hydrolysate ◽

Protein Hydrolysates ◽

Cell Protein ◽

Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽

Gel Chromatography ◽

Cell Free Extract ◽

Food Grade ◽

Enzyme Action

Yoghurt strain Lactobacillus LBL-4 cultivated for 8–10 h at pH ~6.0 was investigated as a considerable food-grade source of intracellular aminopeptidase. Cell-free extract manifesting >200 AP U/l was obtained from cells harvested from 1 L culture media. Subtilisin-induced hydrolysates of casein, soybean isolate, and Scenedesmus cell protein with degree of hydrolysis 20–22% incubated at 45∘C for 10 h by 10 AP U/g peptides caused an enlarging of DH up to 40–42%, 46–48%, and 38–40% respectively. The DH increased rapidly during the first 4 h, but gel chromatography studies on BioGel P-2 showed significant changes occurred during 4–10 h of enzyme action when the DH increased gradually. After the digestion, the remained AP activity can be recovered by ultrafiltration (yield 40–50%). Scenedesmus protein hydrolysate with DH 20% was inoculated by Lactobacillus LBL-4 cells, and after 72 h cultivation the DH reached 32%. The protein hydrolysates (DH above 40%) obtained from casein and soybean isolate (high Q value) demonstrated a negligible bitterness while Scenedesmus protein hydrolysates (low Q value) after both treatments were free of bitterness.

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Degree of Hydrolysis Affects the Techno-Functional Properties of Lesser Mealworm Protein Hydrolysates

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9040381 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 381 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Giulia Leni ◽

Lise Soetemans ◽

Augusta Caligiani ◽

Stefano Sforza ◽

Leen Bastiaens

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Functional Properties ◽

Protein Hydrolysate ◽

Preliminary Test ◽

Protein Hydrolysates ◽

Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽

Potential Implication ◽

Alphitobius Diaperinus ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Lesser Mealworm

Protein hydrolysates from lesser mealworm (Alphitobius diaperinus, LM) were obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis with protease from Bacillus licheniformis. A preliminary test performed for five hours of hydrolysis generated an insect protein hydrolysate with 15% of degree of hydrolysis (DH), optimum solubility property and oil holding capacity, but emulsifying and foaming ability were completely impaired. In order to investigate the potential implication of DH on techno-functional properties, a set of protein hydrolysates with a different DH was obtained by sub-sampling at different time points during three hours of enzymatic hydrolysis process. An increase in DH% had positive effects on the solubility property and oil holding ability, while a reduced emulsifying ability was observed up to five hours of hydrolysis. These results demonstrated that the enzymatic hydrolysis, if performed under controlled conditions and not for a long period, represents a valid method to extract high quality protein from insects with tailored techno-functionality, in order to produce tailored ingredients for feed and food purpose.

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Immunomodulatory Protein Hydrolysates and Their Application

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10070904 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 904 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Mensiena Kiewiet ◽

Marijke Faas ◽

Paul de Vos

Keyword(s):

Current Knowledge ◽

Protein Hydrolysate ◽

Protein Hydrolysates ◽

Active Protein ◽

Promising Application ◽

Immunomodulatory Protein ◽

Underlying Mechanisms ◽

Number Of Individuals ◽

Do So

Immunomodulatory protein hydrolysate consumption may delay or prevent western immune-related diseases. In order to purposively develop protein hydrolysates with an optimal and reproducible immunomodulatory effect, knowledge is needed on which components in protein hydrolysates are responsible for the immune effects. Important advances have been made on this aspect. Also, knowledge on mechanisms underlying the immune modulating effects is indispensable. In this review, we discuss the most promising application possibilities for immunomodulatory protein hydrolysates. In order to do so, an overview is provided on reported in vivo immune effects of protein hydrolysates in both local intestinal and systemic organs, and the current insights in the underlying mechanisms of these effects. Furthermore, we discuss current knowledge and physicochemical approaches to identify the immune active protein sequence(s). We conclude that multiple hydrolysate compositions show specific immune effects. This knowledge can improve the efficacy of existing hydrolysate-containing products such as sports nutrition, clinical nutrition, and infant formula. We also provide arguments for why immunomodulatory protein hydrolysates could be applied to manage the immune response in the increasing number of individuals with a higher risk of immune dysfunction due to, for example, increasing age or stress.

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Comparison of Yield, Antioxidant Activity and Functional Properties of Protein Hydrolysates from Tuna and Pollock Frame

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.554-556.1327 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 554-556 ◽

pp. 1327-1331

Author(s):

Li Jun Zhang ◽

Qian Cheng Zhao ◽

Bing Bing Wang ◽

Xue Wan ◽

Zhi Bo Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Functional Properties ◽

Protein Hydrolysate ◽

Protein Hydrolysates ◽

Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽

Basic Composition ◽

Foaming Ability ◽

Hydrolysis Of ◽

Better Than

Protein hydrolysates from Tuna frame (TFPH) and Pollock frame (PFPH) were prepared by papain, respectively.The yield, the basic composition content, the antioxidant activity and functional properties (solubility, emulsifying and foaming ability) and the degree of hydrolysis of the protein hydrolysates were evaluated. Results suggest that solubility, antioxidant activity of protein hydrolysate from Pollock frame are better than that of tuna frame, but the yield is lower than that of tuna frame.

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