scholarly journals Prevalence and Characterization of ESBL/AmpC Producing Escherichia coli from Fresh Meat in Portugal

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1333
Author(s):  
Lurdes Clemente ◽  
Célia Leão ◽  
Laura Moura ◽  
Teresa Albuquerque ◽  
Ana Amaro
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Meat Samples

The present study aimed to characterize the extended-spectrum β-lactamases and plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases (ESBL/PMAβ) among Escherichia coli producers isolated from beef, pork, and poultry meat collected at retail, in Portugal. A total of 638 meat samples were collected and inoculated on selective medium for the search of E. coli resistant to 3rd generation cephalosporins. Isolates were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, molecular assays targeting ESBL/AmpC, plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR), and plasmid-mediated colistin resistance (PMCR) encoding genes. The highest frequency of E. coli non-wild type to 3rd generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones was observed in broiler meat (30.3% and 93.3%, respectively). Overall, a diversity of acquired resistance mechanisms, were detected: blaESBL [blaCTX-M-1 (n = 19), blaCTX-M-15 (n = 4), blaCTX-M-32 (n = 12), blaCTX-M-55 (n = 8), blaCTX-M-65 (n = 4), blaCTX-M-27 (n = 2), blaCTX-M-9 (n = 1), blaCTX-M-14 (n = 11), blaSHV-12 (n = 27), blaTEM-52 (n = 1)], blaPMAβ [blaCMY-2 (n = 8)], PMQR [qnrB (n = 27), qnrS (n = 21) and aac(6’)-Ib-type (n = 4)] and PMCR [mcr-1 (n = 8)]. Our study highlights that consumers may be exposed through the food chain to multidrug-resistant E. coli carrying diverse plasmid-mediated antimicrobial resistance genes, posing a great hazard to food safety and a public health risk.

Antibiotic Resistance of Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Broiler Meat in Morocco

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
First Line ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
E Coli

The spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) enterobacteria worldwide is a major public health threat. Resistant to at least three classes of antibiotics, MDR enterobacteria cause infections that escape first-line treatment. Escherichia coli is the most frequently isolated bacterium in poultry industry. We followed the pattern and trend of antibiotic resistance of strains of E. coli isolated from poultry meat destined for human consumption sold in Morocco during the period 2016-2018, and thus detected strains that would be multidrug-resistant (MDR). In this study we investigated the resistance of 240 strains of E. coli isolated from poultry meat to 13 antibiotics by using the agar diffusion susceptibility test method. Results showed high resistance to ciprofloxacins (87.5%), tetracycline (75%), trimethomprime-sulfametoxazole (3rd generation) (70.8%), nalidixic acid (62.5%) and cefotaxime (50%), ampicillin (45.8%); and we detected low resistance to gentamicin (29.1%). In total, 50 isolated strains of E. coli (20.8%) have shown MDR. These results are useful to practicing veterinarians trying to avoid therapeutic failures and constitute an important database for pharmacovigilance and epidemiological surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in the country.

scholarly journals Virulence Properties of mcr-1-Positive Escherichia coli Isolated from Retail Poultry Meat

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 308
Author(s):  
Michaela Kubelová ◽  
Ivana Koláčková ◽  
Tereza Gelbíčová ◽  
Martina Florianová ◽  
Alžběta Kalová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Mlst Type ◽  
On Line ◽  
Sequence Types

The great plasticity and diversity of the Escherichia coli genome, together with the ubiquitous occurrence, make E. coli a bacterium of world-wide concern. Of particular interest are pathogenic strains and strains harboring antimicrobial resistance genes. Overlapping virulence-associated traits between avian-source E. coli and human extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) suggest zoonotic potential and safety threat of poultry food products. We analyzed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data of 46 mcr-1-positive E. coli strains isolated from retail raw meat purchased in the Czech Republic. The investigated strains were characterized by their phylogroup—B1 (43%), A (30%), D (11%), E (7%), F (4%), B2 (2%), C (2%), MLST type, and serotype. A total of 30 multilocus sequence types (STs), of which ST744 was the most common (11%), were identified, with O8 and O89 as the most prevalent serogroups. Using the VirulenceFinder tool, 3 to 26 virulence genes were detected in the examined strains and a total of 7 (15%) strains met the pathogenic criteria for ExPEC. Four strains were defined as UPEC (9%) and 18 (39%) E. coli strains could be classified as APEC. The WGS methods and available on-line tools for their evaluation enable a comprehensive approach to the diagnosis of virulent properties of E. coli strains and represent a suitable and comfortable platform for their detection. Our results show that poultry meat may serve as an important reservoir of strains carrying both virulence and antibiotic resistance genes for animal and human populations.

Characteristics of Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated from Swiss and Imported Poultry Meat

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. ABGOTTSPON ◽  
R. STEPHAN ◽  
C. BAGUTTI ◽  
P. BRODMANN ◽  
H. HÄCHLER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Plasmid Incompatibility ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Resistance Patterns

A worrisome phenomenon is the progressive global spread of Enterobacteriaceae in poultry and chicken meat expressing plasmid-mediated enzymes that inactivate β-lactam antibiotics, suggesting that the food chain might play a role in the epidemiology and the transmission of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae to humans. The aim of the present study was to further characterize 24 extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolated from domestic and imported poultry meat by antibiotic susceptibility testing, identification of the blaESBL/blapAmpC genes, conjugation mating experiments and determination of plasmid incompatibility types, multilocus sequence typing, and analysis of the Escherichia coli phylogenetic groups. On account of their resistance patterns, 21 of the total 24 isolates were classified as multidrug resistant. Eleven isolates carried a blaCMY-2 gene, whereas 13 isolates harbored a blaCTX-M-1 gene. All isolates harbored plasmids that were assigned to 8 of the 18 described plasmid incompatibility groups, the most frequent of which were IncI1, IncFIB, IncB/O, and IncFrepB. The blaESBL/blapAmpC genes were harbored mainly by transferable IncI1 and IncB/O plasmids. Multilocus sequence typing as well as E. coli phylogenetic group typing revealed a high heterogenicity even among different isolates of the same sample.

scholarly journals Plasmid-Borne and Chromosomal ESBL/AmpC Genes in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Global Food Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Kurittu ◽  
Banafsheh Khakipoor ◽  
Maria Aarnio ◽  
Suvi Nykäsenoja ◽  
Michael Brouwer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Global Food

Plasmid-mediated extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), AmpC, and carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae, in particular Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, with potential zoonotic transmission routes, are one of the greatest threats to global health. The aim of this study was to investigate global food products as potential vehicles for ESBL/AmpC-producing bacteria and identify plasmids harboring resistance genes. We sampled 200 food products purchased from Finland capital region during fall 2018. Products originated from 35 countries from six continents and represented four food categories: vegetables (n = 60), fruits and berries (n = 50), meat (n = 60), and seafood (n = 30). Additionally, subsamples (n = 40) were taken from broiler meat. Samples were screened for ESBL/AmpC-producing Enterobacteriaceae and whole genome sequenced to identify resistance and virulence genes and sequence types (STs). To accurately identify plasmids harboring resistance and virulence genes, a hybrid sequence analysis combining long- and short-read sequencing was employed. Sequences were compared to previously published plasmids to identify potential epidemic plasmid types. Altogether, 14 out of 200 samples were positive for ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli and/or K. pneumoniae. Positive samples were recovered from meat (18%; 11/60) and vegetables (5%; 3/60) but were not found from seafood or fruit. ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli and/or K. pneumoniae was found in 90% (36/40) of broiler meat subsamples. Whole genome sequencing of selected isolates (n = 21) revealed a wide collection of STs, plasmid replicons, and genes conferring multidrug resistance. blaCTX–M–15-producing K. pneumoniae ST307 was identified in vegetable (n = 1) and meat (n = 1) samples. Successful IncFII plasmid type was recovered from vegetable and both IncFII and IncI1-Iγ types from meat samples. Hybrid sequence analysis also revealed chromosomally located beta-lactamase genes in two of the isolates and indicated similarity of food-derived plasmids to other livestock-associated sources and also to plasmids obtained from human clinical samples from various countries, such as IncI type plasmid harboring blaTEM–52C from a human urine sample obtained in the Netherlands which was highly similar to a plasmid obtained from broiler meat in this study. Results indicate certain foods contain bacteria with multidrug resistance and pose a possible risk to public health, emphasizing the importance of surveillance and the need for further studies on epidemiology of epidemic plasmids.

scholarly journals Characterization of commensal Escherichia coli isolates from slaughtered sheep in Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 1755-1760
Author(s):  
Jorge Acosta-Dibarrat ◽  
Edgar Enriquez-Gómez ◽  
Martín Talavera-Rojas ◽  
Edgardo Soriano-Vargas ◽  
Armando Navarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Phylogenetic Group ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
E Coli ◽  
New Information ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Uremic Syndrome

Introduction: Commensal Escherichia coli is defined as bacteria without known virulence factors that could be playing a specific role in some diseases; however, they could be responsible to disseminate antimicrobial resistance genes to other microorganisms. This study aimed to characterize the commensal E. coli isolates obtained from slaughtered sheep in the central region of Mexico. Methodology: Isolates were classified as commensal E. coli when distinctive genes related to diarrheagenic pathotypes (stx1, stx2, eae, bfp, LT, stp, ipaH, and aggR) were discarded by PCR. Identification of serotype, phylogenetic group, and antimicrobial resistance was also performed. Results: A total of 41 isolates were characterized. The phylogenetic groups found were B1 in 37 isolates (90.2%), A in 2 (4.8%), and 1 isolate (2.4%) for C and D groups. Serotypes associated with diarrhea in humans (O104:H2 and O154:NM) and hemolytic uremic syndrome (O8:NM) were detected. Thirty-three isolates (80%) were resistant to ceftazidime, 23 (56%), to tetracycline 8 (19.5%) to ampicillin, and 1 to amikacin. Six isolates (14.6%) were multidrug-resistant. Conclusions: This study provides new information about commensal E. coli in slaughtered sheep, high percentages of resistance to antibiotics, and different profiles of antimicrobial resistance were found, their dissemination constitute a risk factor towards the consuming population.

scholarly journals Virulence Potential of a Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Strain Belonging to the Emerging Clonal Group ST101-B1 Isolated from Bloodstream Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina M. Santos ◽  
Rosa M. Silva ◽  
Tiago B. Valiatti ◽  
Fernanda F. Santos ◽  
José F. Santos-Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Escherichia coli EC121 is a multidrug-resistant (MDR) strain isolated from a bloodstream infection of an inpatient with persistent gastroenteritis and T-zone lymphoma that died due to septic shock. Despite causing an extraintestinal infection, previous studies showed that it did not have the usual characteristics of an extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli. Instead, it belonged to phylogenetic group B1 and harbored few known virulence genes. To evaluate the pathogenic potential of strain EC121, an extensive genome sequencing and in vitro characterization of various pathogenicity-associated properties were performed. The genomic analysis showed that strain EC121 harbors more than 50 complete virulence genetic clusters. It also displays the capacity to adhere to a variety of epithelial cell lineages and invade T24 bladder cells, as well as the ability to form biofilms on abiotic surfaces, and survive the bactericidal serum complement activity. Additionally, EC121 was shown to be virulent in the Galleria mellonella model. Furthermore, EC121 is an MDR strain harboring 14 antimicrobial resistance genes, including blaCTX-M-2. Completing the scenario, it belongs to serotype O154:H25 and to sequence type 101-B1, which has been epidemiologically linked to extraintestinal infections as well as to antimicrobial resistance spread. This study with E. coli strain EC121 shows that clinical isolates considered opportunistic might be true pathogens that go underestimated.

Molecular detection of multidrug and colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from house flies in various environmental settings

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 847-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdus Sobur ◽  
Zobayda F Haque ◽  
Abdullah AM Sabuj ◽  
Samina Ievy ◽  
AMM Taufiqur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Test ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Disk Diffusion Test ◽  
House Flies ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Aim: To detect antibiotic-resistant pathogenic Escherichia coli in house flies captured from various environmental settings. Materials & methods: Isolation and identification of E. coli was performed based on culture and PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted using disk diffusion test. Detection of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes was carried out using PCR methods. Results: The prevalence of E. coli in flies was 61% with highest in dairy farms (70.67%) followed by food centers (65.33%), dustbins (64%) and area close to hospital (44%). The prevalence rates of tetA, tetB, ereA, CITM, SHV, mcr-3 and catA1 resistance determinants were 88.75, 48.52, 41.67, 37.17, 27.77, 18.37 and 14.81%, respectively. Conclusion: Multidrug-resistant pathogenic E. coli are widely distributed in house flies, which requires a one-health approach to delineate their control.

Differences in fosfomycin resistance mechanisms between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacterales

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Zheng ◽  
Phillip J. Bergen ◽  
Cornelia B. Landersdorfer ◽  
Elizabeth B. Hirsch
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Drug Approval ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fosfomycin Resistance ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Tract Infections

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa presents a serious threat to public health due to its widespread resistance to numerous antibiotics. P. aeruginosa commonly causes nosocomial infections including urinary tract infections (UTI) which have become increasingly difficult to treat. The lack of effective therapeutic agents has renewed interest in fosfomycin, an old drug discovered in the 1960s and approved prior to the rigorous standards now required for drug approval. Fosfomycin has a unique structure and mechanism of action, making it a favorable therapeutic alternative for MDR pathogens that are resistant to other classes of antibiotics. The absence of susceptibility breakpoints for fosfomycin against P. aeruginosa limits its clinical use and interpretation due to extrapolation of breakpoints established for Escherichia coli or Enterobacterales without supporting evidence. Furthermore, fosfomycin use and efficacy for treatment of P. aeruginosa is also limited by both inherent and acquired resistance mechanisms. This narrative review provides an update on currently identified resistance mechanisms to fosfomycin, with a focus on those mediated by P. aeruginosa such as peptidoglycan recycling enzymes, chromosomal Fos enzymes, and transporter mutation. Additional fosfomycin resistance mechanisms exhibited by Enterobacterales including mutations in transporters and associated regulators, plasmid mediated Fos enzymes, kinases, and murA modification, are also summarized and contrasted. These data highlight that different fosfomycin resistance mechanisms may be associated with elevated MIC values in P. aeruginosa compared to Enterobacterales, emphasizing that extrapolation of E. coli breakpoints to P. aeruginosa should be avoided.

scholarly journals Characteristics of a Colistin-Resistant Escherichia coli ST695 Harboring the Chromosomally-Encoded mcr-1 Gene

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng ◽  
Hu ◽  
Li ◽  
Li ◽  
Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Conjugative Plasmid ◽  
Circular Chromosome ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Oxford Nanopore ◽  
Encoding Gene ◽  
Single Circular Chromosome

Enterobacteriaceae having chromosomally-encoded mcr-1 is rarely reported. In this study, we recovered a chromosomal mcr-1 carrying Escherichia coli, designated HeN100, from the feces of a diarrheal pig in China. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that HeN100 was resistant to three aminoglycosides, twelve β-lactams including three carbapenems, one phenicol, two tetracyclines, two fluoroquinolones, nitrofurantoin, and colistin tested. Oxford Nanopore MinION sequencing revealed that the complete genomes of the multidrug resistant (MDR) HeN100 consisted of a single circular chromosome and five circular plasmids. Bioinformatical analysis determined HeN100 as ST695 and it contained many acquired resistance genes responsible for its MDR phenotypes, including colistin resistance mcr-1 and the carbapenem resistance blaNDM-1, and most of these genes were located on plasmids. However, the mcr-1 was found on the chromosome, and it was located between an IS30-like element ISApl1 and a PAP2-like encoding gene. These three genes consisted of an “ISApl1-mcr-1-orf” segment and inserted in high AT-rich regions. Finally, we found the blaNDM-1 was carried on an IncFII type conjugative plasmid. The conjugation frequency of this plasmid was 7.61  ± 2.11  ×  10−5 per recipient, and its conjugation conferred resistance to carbapenems and other β-lactams, as well as aminoglycosides. The spread of this mcr-1/blaNDM-1-carrying E. coli ST695 represents a great concern of public health.

scholarly journals High prevalence of mcr-1-encoded colistin resistance in commensal Escherichia coli from broiler chicken in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahana Ahmed ◽  
Tridip Das ◽  
Md Zohorul Islam ◽  
Ana Herrero-Fresno ◽  
Paritosh Kumar Biswas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Strain Collection ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Colistin is a last-resort antimicrobial used for the treatment of human infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. However, colistin is still widely used in intensive poultry production in Bangladesh. We aimed to investigate the dynamics and genetic diversity of colistin-resistant commensal Escherichia coli from broiler chickens. A total of 1200 E. coli strains were characterized from 20 broiler farms at three-time points along the production period. All strains were screened for mcr-1 to mcr-5 genes by a multiplex PCR, and their genetic diversity was measured by repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP)-PCR fingerprinting. Genomic diversity and characterization were performed by whole genome sequencing (WGS). Twenty-five percent of the commensal E. coli strains harbored mcr-1 genes. Frequency of mcr-1 gene detection correlated positively (odds ratio 1.71; 95% CI 0.96–3.06; p = 0.068) with the use of colistin in poultry flocks. REP-PCR profiles and WGS analysis showed diverse E. coli population carrying multiple antimicrobial resistance genes. Phylogenetic comparison of mcr-1-bearing strains recovered from this study with a global strain collection revealed wide phylogenetic relationship. This study identified a high prevalence of mcr-1 gene among genetically diverse E. coli populations from broiler chickens in Bangladesh suggesting a massive horizontal spread of mcr-1 rather than by clonal expansion.

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