scholarly journals Use of Bioceramics Enhanced with Effective Microorganisms as an Additive for Construction. Study of Physical and Mechanical Properties in Cement Mortars and Gypsum Plasters

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3519
Author(s):  
Filomena Pérez-Gálvez ◽  
María Jesús Morales-Conde ◽  
Manuel Alejandro Pedreño-Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Slight Improvement ◽  
Effective Microorganisms ◽  
Mercury Intrusion ◽  
Experimental Campaign ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Scanning Electron

Biomaterials are materials that are used to manufacture devices that interact with biological systems. According to their chemical composition, they can be classified as biometals, biopolymers, bioceramics, biocomposites and semiconductors. Thus, in the present work, the application of bioceramics, enhanced with effective microorganisms, to construction materials (cement mortars and gypsum plasters) was studied in order to see the benefits that its incorporation contributes to construction materials. This first work constitutes the first phase of an experimental campaign in which the influence of bioceramics on the physical and mechanical properties (flexural and compressive strength) of the studied materials was analyzed. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) techniques were used. According to the results, a slight improvement in the mechanical properties of the new composites was observed. Besides, a more compact matrix was observed when bioceramics were used as an aggregate to the mixtures.

scholarly journals Influence of Coarse Aggregates and Silica Fume on the Mechanical Properties, Durability, and Microstructure of Concrete

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 3324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong Soo Kim ◽  
Abdul Qudoos ◽  
Sadam Hussain Jakhrani ◽  
Jeong Bae Lee ◽  
Hong Gi Kim
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Chloride Penetration ◽  
Mercury Intrusion ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Scanning Electron

Globally, concrete is the most widely used construction material. The composition of concrete plays an important role in controlling its overall performance. Concrete is composed of approximately 70%–80% aggregates, by volume. Therefore, it is mandatory to investigate the effect of aggregates on the performance of concrete. For this purpose, this study investigated the effect of three different coarse aggregates on the mechanical properties, durability, and microstructure of concrete. Concrete specimens were made using aggregates obtained from three regions with different mineralogies. The specimens were also made by replacing cement with silica fume. The specimens were analyzed in terms of compressive, flexural, and splitting tensile strengths, chloride penetration, carbonation, mercury intrusion porosimetry, and scanning electron microscopy. The results demonstrate that the specimens made with rougher coarse aggregates and silica fume had enhanced performance in comparison to those made with smoother aggregates.

Enhanced Electrical Properties of Fly Ash Geopolymer Composites with Carbon Nanotubes

2019 ◽  
Vol 296 ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecílie Mizerová ◽  
Ivo Kusák ◽  
Pavel Rovnaník ◽  
Patrik Bayer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry ◽  
Mercury Intrusion ◽  
Geopolymer Composites ◽  
Scanning Electron

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are used for the application in concrete especially due to their excellent physical properties. In this study, CNTs were used as a conductive admixture to prepare composites with enhanced electrical properties that might be potentially used in smart concretes or structures. We assessed the changes in selected electrical properties of fly ash geopolymer mortars (conductivity, resistance, capacitance) depending on the concentration of CNTs that ranged from 0.05 to 0.20%. The most convenient CNTs concentration was discussed considering both the electrical and mechanical properties (compressive and flexural strength). Mercury intrusion porosimetry and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe the distribution of CNTs and porosity of the mortars.

Frost Heaving Soil Road Use Synthetic Adhesive Reinforcement Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 740 ◽  
pp. 759-762
Author(s):  
Hao Zeng Bao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Frost Heaving ◽  
The World ◽  
Rock And Soil

In many areas, there are still a development road construction materials, traditionally, often use reinforced concrete, asphalt and other adhesive method to strengthen the low strength of rock and soil anti-freeze expansion coefficient; And now all countries in the world are studying how to use industrial production waste development of new composite materials. One of the most development potential, the production of industrial waste - slime. This paper USES the Russian kazan national construction university experimental methods, in the experiment to improve frost heaving soil physical and mechanical properties of the method for the synthesis of adhesive, based on the feasibility and applicability, environmental assessment of research and analysis, for the use of adhesive put forward a lot of reference value.

scholarly journals Nanoscale Pore Structure Characterization and Permeability of Mudrocks and Fine-Grained Sandstones in Coal Reservoirs by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry, and Low-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

Geofluids ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Zhang ◽  
Fangfang Zhao ◽  
Pingye Guo ◽  
Jiabin Li ◽  
Weili Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry ◽  
Mercury Intrusion ◽  
Rock Samples ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Low Field ◽  
Water Saturated ◽  
Pore Types ◽  
Scanning Electron

Porosity and permeability of two typical sedimentary rocks in coal bearing strata of underground coal mines in China, i.e., mudrocks and fine-grained sandstones, were comprehensively investigated by multiple experimental methods. Measured porosity averages of the helium gas porosity (φg), MIP porosity (φMIP), water porosity (φw), and NMR porosity (φNMR) of the twelve investigated rock samples range from 1.78 to 16.50% and the measured gas permeabilities (Kg) range from 0.0003 to 2.4133 mD. Meanwhile, pore types, pore morphologies, and pore size distributions (PSD) were determined by focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). FIB-SEM image analyses showed that the mineral matrix pores including interparticle (interP) and intraparticle (intraP) pores with varied morphologies are the dominant pore types of the investigated rock samples while very few organic matter (OM) pores were observed. Results of the MIP and the full water-saturated NMR measurements showed that the PSD curves of the mudrock samples mostly present a unimodal pattern and nanopores with pore diameter less than 0.1 μm are their predominant pore type, while the PSD curves of the fine-grained sandstone samples are featured by a bimodal distribution. Furthermore, comparison of the full water-saturated and irreducible-water-saturated NMR measurements indicated that pores in the mudrocks are solely adsorption pores (normally pore size < 0.1 μm) whereas apart from a fraction of adsorption pores, a large part of the pores in the sandstone sample with relatively high porosity are seepage pores (normally pore size > 0.1 μm). Moreover, the PSD curves of NMR quantitatively converted from the NMR T2 spectra by T2Pc and weighted arithmetic mean (WAM) methods are in good agreement with the PSD curves of MIP. Finally, the applicability of three classic permeability estimation models based on MIP and NMR data to the investigated rock samples was evaluated.

Study of the Effect of PP and LDPE Thermoplastic Binder Addition on the Mechanical Properties and Physical Properties of Particulate Composites for Building Material Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 964 ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
Sigit Tri Wicaksono ◽  
Hosta Ardhyananta ◽  
Amaliya Rasyida ◽  
Feisha Fadila Rifki
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Particulate Composites ◽  
Water Absorbability

Plastic waste is majority an organic material that cannot easily decomposed by bacteria, so it needs to be recycled. One of the utilization of plastic waste recycling is become a mixture in the manufacture of building materials such as concrete, paving block, tiles, roof. This experiment purpose to find out the effect of addition of variation of LDPE and PP thermoplastic binder to physical and mechanical properties of LDPE/PP/Sand composite for construction material application. In this experiment are using many tests, such are SEM, FTIR, compression strength, density, water absorbability, and hardness. the result after the test are the best composition of composite PP/LDPE/sand is 70/0/30 because its have compression strength 14,2 MPa, while density value was 1.30 g/cm3, for the water absorbability is 0.073%, and for the highest hardness is 62.3 hardness of shore D. From the results obtained, composite material can be classified into construction materials for mortar application S type with average compression strength is 12.4 MPa.

scholarly journals Influence of mineral additions on the microstructure of concrete in chloride environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 283-292
Author(s):  
Walid Fouad Edris ◽  
Safwat Abdelkader ◽  
Encarnacion Reyes Pozo ◽  
Amparo Moragues Terrades
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry ◽  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Chloride Diffusion ◽  
Mercury Intrusion ◽  
Experimental Campaign ◽  
Mineral Additions ◽  
Chloride Environment ◽  
Furnace Slag

In this work we have designed an experimental campaign with four different dosages of concrete to study the influence of the principal additions used in marine environments. The effect of material composition [Sulfate Resistant Portland Cement (SRPC), Blast Furnace Slag Portland Cement (BFSPC), Silica Fume (SF) and Fly Ash (FA) with four different mix designs] was performed by means of differential thermal analysis (DTA), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), gas permeability, chloride diffusion and mechanical properties of concrete. In order to simulate the aggressiveness of the marine environment the concretes were immersed in a sodium chloride solution with a concentration of 1 molar during different times of 182, 365 and 546 days. According to the results obtained, the SRPC and SRPC+FA samples suffered the highest rise in permeability, porosity and chloride diffusion, and the greatest loss in compressive strength

High-Density Fiberboard from Wood and Keratin Fibers: Physical and Mechanical Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menandro N. Acda
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Volume ◽  
High Density ◽  
Wood Fibers ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Polyurethane Resin ◽  
Keratin Fibers

Background: High-density fiberboards (HDF) are widely used as a substitute for solid wood in furniture, cabinet, construction materials, etc. Wood fibers are often used in the production of HDF but the use of renewable materials has gained worldwide interest brought about by global pressure to pursue sustainable development. An abundant source of renewable fibers that can be used to produce HDF is keratin from waste chicken feathers. The goal of the study is to investigate the use of keratin fibers in combination with wood fibers to produce HDF. No or limited studies have been conducted in this area and if successful, it could offer an alternative utilization for the billions of kilograms of waste feather produced by the poultry industry. HDF is a high volume feather utilization that can reduce pollution and help solve solid waste disposal problems in many countries. Methods: A series of dry-formed HDFs containing varying ratios of wood and keratin fibers bonded by polyurethane resin were produced. The physical and mechanical properties of the HDFs were determined. Results : The properties of the HDFs were affected by varying ratios of wood particles and keratin fibers. Dimensional stability as indicated by low levels of thickness swelling (<4.6%) and water absorption (<10%) was observed. Internal bond (2.47 MPa), MOE (5.8 GPa) and MOR (45 MPa) values were higher or comparable to those reported in the literature. Conclusion: HDF formed using a combination of wood and keratin fibers bonded together by polyurethane resin to as much as 50% keratin fibers were dimensionally stable with stiffness and strength above the minimum requirements for general use HDF as prescribed by EN 622-5.

scholarly journals Properties of Latex Polymer Modified Mortars Reinforced with Waste Bamboo Fibers from Construction Waste

Buildings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Banjo Akinyemi ◽  
Temidayo Omoniyi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Latex Paint ◽  
Construction Waste ◽  
Calcium Silicate Hydrates ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Bamboo Fibers ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study evaluated the properties of latex modified cement mortars from ordinary paints which were reinforced with treated bamboo fibers from construction waste. Fiber variations of 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5% at 10% of the weight of cement were utilized. Mechanical properties were determined according to standards; similarly, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used to analyze the microstructural and elemental properties of the samples. The experimental results revealed that the addition of 1.5% bamboo fibers and 10% latex solution produced excellent mechanical properties. This was as a result of improved fiber adhesion to the matrix through pre-treatment, coupled with the contributed high strength from the latex paint modified mortars. The micrograph showed that latex precipitated in the voids and on the surface of the bamboo fibers as well as gels of calcium silicate hydrates which contributed to the observed improvement in strength of the tested samples.

scholarly journals Enhanced Anti-Mold Property and Mechanism Description of Ag/TiO2 Wood-Based Nanocomposites Formation by Ultrasound- and Vacuum-Impregnation

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 682
Author(s):  
Lin Lin ◽  
Jiaming Cao ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Qiliang Cui ◽  
Yi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Vacuum Impregnation ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Mercury Intrusion ◽  
Wood Surfaces ◽  
Scanning Electron

Ag/TiO2 wood-based nanocomposites were prepared by the methods of ultrasound impregnation and vacuum impregnation. The as-prepared samples were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), and water contact angles (WCAs). The anti-mold properties of the Ag/TiO2 wood-based nanocomposites were improved by 14 times compared to those of the original wood. The nano-Ag/TiO2, which was impregnated in the tracheid and attached to the cell walls, was able to form a two-stage rough structure and reduce the number of hydroxyl functional groups on the wood surfaces. The resulting decline of wood hydrophobic and equilibrium moisture content (EMC) destroyed the moisture environment necessary for mold survival. Ag/TiO2 was deposited in the wood pores, which reduced the number and volume of pores and blocked the path of mold infection. Thus, the anti-mold properties of the Ag/TiO2 wood-based nanocomposite were improved by cutting off the water source and blocking the mold infection path. This study reveals the anti-mold mechanism of Ag/TiO2 wood-based nanocomposites and provides a feasible pathway for wood-based nanocomposites with anti-mold functions.

scholarly journals Thermal Action on Normal and High Strength Cement Mortars

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6455
Author(s):  
Marianela Ripani ◽  
Hernán Xargay ◽  
Ignacio Iriarte ◽  
Kevin Bernardo ◽  
Antonio Caggiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Action ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Brittle Behavior ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Water Absorption Test

High temperature effect on cement-based composites, such as concrete or mortars, represents one of the most important damaging process that may drastically affect the mechanical and durability characteristics of structures. In this paper, the results of an experimental campaign on cement mortars submitted to high temperatures are reported and discussed. Particularly, two mixtures (i.e., Normal (MNS) and High Strength Mortar (MHS)) having different water-to-binder ratios were designed and evaluated in order to investigate the incidence of both the mortar composition and the effects of thermal treatments on their physical and mechanical properties. Mortar specimens were thermally treated in an electrical furnace, being submitted to the action of temperatures ranging from 100 to 600 °C. After that and for each mortar quality and considered temperature, including the room temperature case of 20 °C, water absorption was measured by following a capillary water absorption test. Furthermore, uniaxial compression, splitting tensile and three-points bending tests were performed under residual conditions. A comparative analysis of the progressive damage caused by temperature on physical and mechanical properties of the considered mortars types is presented. On one hand, increasing temperatures produced increasing water absorption coefficients, evidencing the effect of thermal damages which may cause an increase in the mortars accessible porosity. However, under these circumstances, the internal porosity structure of lower w/b ratio mixtures results much more thermally-damaged than those of MNS. On the other hand, strengths suffered a progressive degradation due to temperature rises. While at low to medium temperatures, strength loss resulted similar for both mortar types, at higher temperature, MNS presented a relatively greater strength loss than that of MHS. The action of temperature also caused in all cases a decrease of Young’s Modulus and an increase in the strain corresponding to peak load. However, MHS showed a much more brittle behavior in comparison with that of MNS, for all temperature cases. Finally, the obtained results demonstrated that mortar quality cannot be neglected when the action of temperature is considered, being the final material performance dependent on the physical properties which, in turn, mainly depend on the mixture proportioning.

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