scholarly journals The Dual Role of Circular RNAs as miRNA Sponges in Breast Cancer and Colon Cancer

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1590
Author(s):  
Jiashu Huang ◽  
Shenghao Yu ◽  
Lei Ding ◽  
Lingyuan Ma ◽  
Hongjian Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Postoperative Recurrence ◽  
Ring Structure ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Mirna Sponges ◽  
Indirect Relationship

Breast cancer (BC) and colon cancer (CRC) are the two most deadly cancers in the world. These cancers partly share the same genetic background and are partially regulated by the same genes. The outcomes of traditional chemoradiotherapy and surgery remain suboptimal, with high postoperative recurrence and a low survival rate. It is, therefore, urgent to innovate and improve the existing treatment measures. Many studies primarily reported that the microRNA (miRNA) sponge functions of circular RNA (circRNA) in BC and CRC have an indirect relationship between the circRNA–miRNA axis and malignant behaviors. With a covalent ring structure, circRNAs can regulate the expression of target genes in multiple ways, especially by acting as miRNA sponges. Therefore, this review mainly focuses on the roles of circRNAs as miRNA sponges in BC and CRC based on studies over the last three years, thus providing a theoretical reference for finding new therapeutic targets in the future.

scholarly journals The effective function of circular RNA in colorectal cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandana Ameli-Mojarad ◽  
Melika Ameli-Mojarad ◽  
Mahrooyeh Hadizadeh ◽  
Chris Young ◽  
Hosna Babini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Rna Binding Proteins ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Colorectal Tumorigenesis ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Mirna Sponges ◽  
Mechanisms Of Development

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is the 3rd most common type of cancer worldwide. Late detection plays role in one-third of annual mortality due to CRC. Therefore, it is essential to find a precise and optimal diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for the identification and treatment of colorectal tumorigenesis. Covalently closed, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs, which can have the same function as microRNA (miRNA) sponges, as regulators of splicing and transcription, and as interactors with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). Therefore, circRNAs have been investigated as specific targets for diagnostic and prognostic detection of CRC. These non-coding RNAs are also linked to metastasis, proliferation, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and drug resistance, illustrating the importance of understanding their involvement in the molecular mechanisms of development and progression of CRC. In this review, we present a detailed summary of recent findings relating to the dysregulation of circRNAs and their potential role in CRC.

scholarly journals The Regulatory Functions of Circular RNAs in Digestive System Cancers

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Yuan ◽  
Ya Yuan ◽  
Zhi He ◽  
Diyan Li ◽  
Bo Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Rna Binding Proteins ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Ribonucleic Acids ◽  
Mirna Sponges ◽  
And Biological Markers

Circular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs), which are a type of covalently closed circular RNA, are receiving increasing attention. An increasing amount of evidence suggests that circRNAs are involved in the biogenesis and development of multiple diseases such as digestive system cancers. Dysregulated circRNAs have been found to act as oncogenes or tumour suppressors in digestive system cancers. Moreover, circRNAs are related to ageing and a wide variety of processes in tumour cells, such as cell apoptosis, invasion, migration, and proliferation. Moreover, circRNAs can perform a remarkable multitude of biological functions, such as regulating splicing or transcription, binding RNA-binding proteins to enable function, acting as microRNA (miRNA) sponges, and undergoing translated into proteins. However, in digestive system cancers, circRNAs function mainly as miRNA sponges. Herein, we summarise the latest research progress on biological functions of circRNAs in digestive system cancers. This review serves as a synopsis of potential therapeutic targets and biological markers for digestive system cancer.

scholarly journals Potential Significance of Circular RNA in Human Placental Tissue for Patients with Preeclampsia

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 1380-1390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yating Qian ◽  
Yuanqing Lu ◽  
Can Rui ◽  
Yujia Qian ◽  
Manhong Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Placental Tissue ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Potential Significance ◽  
Human Placental Tissue ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Mirna Sponges ◽  
Basic Content ◽  
Experimental Group

Aims: This study aimed to identify the different expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the placental tissues of pregnant women with preeclampsia (PE) and to provide a new avenue of research regarding the pathological mechanisms of PE. Methods: In this study, we collected 40 placental tissues from PE patients and 35 placental tissues from gestational age-matched patients who gave premature birth. Arraystar circRNA Microarray Technology (KANGCHEN, Shanghai, China) was used to analyze the differential expression of circRNAs. According to the basic content of circRNAs in the two groups and their fold changes and due to the practicability of the designed divergent primers of each candidate circRNA, we selected three up-regulated circRNAs, hsa_circRNA_100782, hsa_circRNA_102682 and hsa_circRNA_104820, to validate the data. Real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was utilized to estimate the Ct values in both groups. We further evaluated the differences with a paired t-test and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Many circRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in PE placental tissues versus their controls; of these, 143 circRNAs were up-regulated and 158 were down-regulated. The expression levels of hsa_circRNA_100782 (p < 0.05), hsa_circRNA_102682 (p < 0.05), and hsa_circRNA_104820 (p < 0.0001) were validated as significantly up-regulated in the experimental group compared with the controls. Finally, we performed a literature comparison to forecast the possible mechanisms of circRNA function during PE. Conclusion: circRNA expression significantly differed in placental PE tissues compared with controls. According to the circRNA microarray results and the existing papers, circRNAs may contribute to the pathogenesis of PE by acting as miRNA sponges; this possibility requires additional investigation in future studies.

scholarly journals Circular RNAs in Cardiovascular Disease: An Overview

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ximin Fan ◽  
Xinyu Weng ◽  
Yifan Zhao ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Tianyi Gan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Mirna Sponges

Circular RNA (circRNA), a novel type of endogenous noncoding RNA (ncRNA), has become a research hotspot in recent years. CircRNAs are abundant and stably exist in creatures, and they are found with covalently closed loop structures in which they are quite different from linear RNAs. Nowadays, an increasing number of scientists have demonstrated that circRNAs may have played an essential role in the regulation of gene expression, especially acting as miRNA sponges, and have described the potential mechanisms of several circRNAs in diseases, hinting at their clinical therapeutic values. In this review, the authors summarized the current understandings of the biogenesis and properties of circRNAs and their functions and role as biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Circular RNA MCTP2 inhibits cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer by miR-99a-5p-mediated induction of MTMR3 expression

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangli Sun ◽  
Zheng Li ◽  
Zhongyuan He ◽  
Weizhi Wang ◽  
Sen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Xenograft Model ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Mouse Xenograft Model ◽  
Mirna Sponges ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background Cisplatin (CDDP) is the first-line chemotherapy for gastric cancer (GC). The poor prognosis of GC patients is partially due to the development of CDDP resistance. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a subclass of noncoding RNAs that function as microRNA (miRNA) sponges. The role of circRNAs in CDDP resistance in GC has not been evaluated. Methods RNA sequencing was used to identify the differentially expressed circRNAs between CDDP-resistant and CDDP-sensitive GC cells. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of circMCTP2 in GC tissues. The effects of circMCTP2 on CDDP resistance were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Pull-down assays and luciferase reporter assays were performed to confirm the interactions among circMCTP2, miR-99a-5p, and myotubularin-related protein 3 (MTMR3). The protein expression levels of MTMR3 were detected by western blotting. Autophagy was evaluated by confocal microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results CircMCTP2 was downregulated in CDDP-resistant GC cells and tissues compared to CDDP-sensitive GC cells and tissues. A high level of circMCTP2 was found to be a favorable factor for the prognosis of patients with GC. CircMCTP2 inhibited proliferation while promoting apoptosis of CDDP-resistant GC cells in response to CDDP treatment. CircMCTP2 was also found to reduce autophagy in CDDP-resistant GC cells. MiR-99a-5p was verified to be sponged by circMCTP2. Inhibition of miR-99a-5p could sensitize GC cells to CDDP. MTMR3 was confirmed to be a direct target of miR-99a-5p. Knockdown of MTMR3 reversed the effects of circMCTP2 on the proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy of CDDP-resistant GC cells. CircMCTP2 was also confirmed to inhibit CDDP resistance in vivo in a nude mouse xenograft model. Conclusions CircMCTP2 sensitizes GC to CDDP through the upregulation of MTMR3 by sponging miR-99a-5p. Overexpression of CircMCTP2 could be a new therapeutic strategy for counteracting CDDP resistance in GC.

Circular RNAs as miRNA sponges in triple-negative breast cancer: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Kohansal ◽  
Hailin Tang ◽  
Xiaoming Xie ◽  
Ali Taghinezhad ◽  
Ali Ghanbariasad
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Mirna Sponges

Extracellular circular RNAs to promote the growth and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer through remodeling the tumor immune microenvironment.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13047-e13047
Author(s):  
Sujin Yang ◽  
Jinhai Tang
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Tnbc Cell ◽  
High Degree

e13047 Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has been confirmed to have a high degree of heterogeneity of breast cancer, which is more common in young women, with a high degree of malignancy, lack of effective clinical treatment and poor prognosis. Recently, many studies have also found that immune microenvironment (IME) can remarkablely affect the occurrence and metastasis of TNBC through exosome-mediated molecular transmission. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find new immune-related molecules as therapeutic targets and to predict the progress of TNBC and prognosis of treatment. Methods: Using RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, we found the differential-expressed circular RNAs (circRNAs) in exosomes from TNBC cell lines (BT549 and MDA-MB-231), non-TNBC cell lines (MCF-7 and MCF-10A) and tissues from breast cancer patients. Then, we used CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE algorithm to explore the tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) or stromal components in IME, and identified the significant differential-expressed mRNAs in the immune cells between TNBC and non-TNBC samples. RT-qPCR was used to confirm the expression level of selected circRNAs and mRNAs in TNBC cell lines. Results: We profiled the circRNAs in the exosomes from TNBC cell lines and breast cancer patients by RNA sequencing and detected 27 significantly differentially-expressed circRNAs. After bioinformatic analysis and RT-qPCR, circRELB and circANXA1 were chose to further study. TICs and IME scores were found to associated with the survival and clinicopathological characteristics of TNBC patients and IME remodeling. Interestingly, 92 differentially-expressed genes were found to be enriched in the NF-kB signaling pathway and mTOR signaling pathway. Moreover, we identified 33 target genes of circRELB and circANXA1 by cross-analysis. Based on the predicted miRNAs and the corresponding mRNAs and circRNAs, we have established an IME-related circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. Then, Kaplan-Meier plots showed the expression levels of certain targeted genes (PTEN, CCND1, IL6, CDKN1A, AKT1, TNF and WNT1) were connected to prognosis in TNBC metastasis patients. Conclusions: The expression levels of circRELB and circANXA1 was found significantly upregulated in exosomes from TNBC cell lines and tumor tissues from breast cancer patients. In addition, circRELB and circANXA1could affect the expression of downstream target genes by competing for endogenous RNA (ceRNAs), and ultimately promote the metastasis of TNBC and remodeling of IME. In summary, this study analyzes the mechanisms of exosome-contained circRNAs in TNBC and these targets from the IME-related circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network may be new potential prognostic biomarkers and immune treatment strategies to prevent the development and metastasis of TNBC.

scholarly journals Computational Model for Predicting the Relationship Between Micro-RNAs and Their Target Messenger RNAs in Breast and Colon Cancers

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 117693511878514
Author(s):  
Shinuk Kim
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Numerical Code ◽  
Messenger Rnas ◽  
Unknown Parameters ◽  
Micro Rnas ◽  
The Relationship

Motivation: Uncovering the relationship between micro-RNAs (miRNAs) and their target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) can provide critical information regarding the mechanisms underlying certain types of cancers. In this context, we have proposed a computational method, referred to as prediction analysis by optimization method (PAOM), to predict miRNA-mRNA relations using data from normal and cancer tissues, and then applying the relevant algorithms to colon and breast cancers. Specifically, we used 26 miRNAs and 26 mRNAs with 676 (= 26 × 26) relationships to be recovered as unknown parameters. Results: Optimization methods were used to detect 61 relationships in breast cancer and 32 relationships in colon cancer. Using sequence filtering, we detected 18 relationships in breast cancer and 15 relationships in colon cancer. Among the 18 relationships, CD24 is the target gene of let-7a and miR-98, and E2F1 is the target gene of miR-20. In addition, the frequencies of the target genes of miR-223, miR-23a, and miR-20 were significant in breast cancer, and the frequencies of the target genes of miR-17, miR-124, and miR-30a were found to be significant in colon cancer. Availability: The numerical code is available from the authors on request.

scholarly journals Circular RNA circRPPH1 promotes breast cancer progression via circRPPH1-miR-512-5p-STAT1 axis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixiang Huang ◽  
Wenfang Zheng ◽  
Changle Ji ◽  
Xuehui Wang ◽  
Yunhe Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Gene Expression Omnibus ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
In Vivo Experiments

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) is one of the most fatal diseases among women all over the world. Non-coding RNAs including circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to be involved in different aspects during tumorigenesis and progression. In this study, we aimed to explore the biological functions and underlying mechanism of circRPPH1 in BC. Candidate circRNAs were screened in dataset GSE101123 from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and a differentially expressed circRNA, circRPPH1, was discovered in BC. CircRPPH1 expression was higher in the cancerous tissue compared to paired adjacent tissue. Further in vitro and in vivo experiments indicated that circRPPH1 acted as an oncogene in BC. In addition, circRPPH1 was mainly localized in cytoplasm and played the role of miR-512-5p sponge. By sequestering miR-512-5p from the 3′-UTR of STAT1, circRPPH1 inhibited the suppressive role of miR-512-5p, stabilized STAT1 mRNA in BC and finally affected BC progression. In conclusion, these findings indicated that circRPPH1 acted as an oncogene and regulated BC progression via circRPPH1-miR-512-5p-STAT1 axis, which might provide a potential therapeutic target for BC treatment.

scholarly journals Construction and Investigation of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA regulatory network in breast cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Wu ◽  
Meijie Sang ◽  
Shuo Pan ◽  
Fei Liu ◽  
Meixiang Sang
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Regulatory Network ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Venn Diagram ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Hub Genes

Abstract Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have drawn lots of attention in tumorigenesis and progression. However, circRNAs as crucial regulators in multitudinous biological processes have not been systematically identified in breast cancer (BC). Our research aims to explore novel circRNAs in BC and their mechanisms of action. Methods The circRNA expression profile data, as well as RNA-sequencing data of BC, were downloaded from public database, respectively. The differentially expressed circRNAs, miRNA, and mRNA were determined via fold change filtering. The competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) network were established on the foundation of the relationship between circular RNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs. GO and KEGG analysis of the overlapped genes were performed to predict the potential functions and mechanisms of circRNAs in BC. The CytoHubba was used to determine the hub genes from the PPI regulatory network. Morever, we further used Kaplan–Meier plotter to perform survival analysis of these hub genes. Real-time PCR was used to validate the expression of the circRNAs in BC tissues. Results A total of seven differential expressed circRNAs were screened. After the predicted target miRNA and DEmiRNA were intersected, four circRNA-miRNA interactions including three circRNAs and four miRNAs were determined. Furthermore, the Venn diagram was used to intersect the predicted target genes and the downregulated differentially expressed genes, and screened 149 overlapped genes. Moreover, we constructed a PPI network, and selecting six hub genes, including DGAT2, ACSL1, ADIPOQ, LPL, LEP, PCK1. Moreover, the survival analysis results revealed that low expression of ADIPOQ, LPL, LEP were obviously correlated with poor prognosis of BC patients. The real-time PCR results demonstrated that, the levels of circ_0028899, circ_0000375, and circ_0000376 were significantly down-regulated in breast cancer tissues. Conclusions Our study constructed and analyzed a circRNA-associated ceRNA regulatory network and discovered that circ_0028899, circ_0000375, and circ_0000376 may function as ceRNAs to serve key roles in BC.

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