scholarly journals Label-Free Biosensors for Laboratory-Based Diagnostics of Infections: Current Achievements and New Trends

Biosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris G. Andryukov ◽  
Natalya N. Besednova ◽  
Roman V. Romashko ◽  
Tatyana S. Zaporozhets ◽  
Timofey A. Efimov
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
User Friendliness ◽  
Timely Initiation

Infections pose a serious global public health problem and are a major cause of premature mortality worldwide. One of the most challenging objectives faced by modern medicine is timely and accurate laboratory-based diagnostics of infectious diseases. Being a key factor of timely initiation and success of treatment, it may potentially provide reduction in incidence of a disease, as well as prevent outbreak and spread of dangerous epidemics. The traditional methods of laboratory-based diagnostics of infectious diseases are quite time- and labor-consuming, require expensive equipment and qualified personnel, which restricts their use in case of limited resources. Over the past six decades, diagnostic technologies based on lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) have been and remain true alternatives to modern laboratory analyzers and have been successfully used to quickly detect molecular ligands in biosubstrates to diagnose many infectious diseases and septic conditions. These devices are considered as simplified formats of modern biosensors. Recent advances in the development of label-free biosensor technologies have made them promising diagnostic tools that combine rapid pathogen indication, simplicity, user-friendliness, operational efficiency, accuracy, and cost effectiveness, with a trend towards creation of portable platforms. These qualities exceed the generally accepted standards of microbiological and immunological diagnostics and open up a broad range of applications of these analytical systems in clinical practice immediately at the site of medical care (point-of-care concept, POC). A great variety of modern nanoarchitectonics of biosensors are based on the use of a broad range of analytical and constructive strategies and identification of various regulatory and functional molecular markers associated with infectious bacterial pathogens. Resolution of the existing biosensing issues will provide rapid development of diagnostic biotechnologies.

scholarly journals Recent Developments towards Portable Point-of-Care Diagnostic Devices for Pathogen Detection

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharmili Roy ◽  
FAREEHA ARSHAD ◽  
Shimaa Eissa ◽  
Mohammadali Safavieh ◽  
Sanaa G. Alattas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Pathogen Detection ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Recent Developments

The rapid development of accurate and quick diagnostic tools for infectious diseases has made a massive impact in global health. POC devices for pathogen detection have primarily contributed to clinical...

scholarly journals Ultrasensitive and label-free biosensor for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein II in saliva

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gita V. Soraya ◽  
Chathurika D. Abeyrathne ◽  
Christelle Buffet ◽  
Duc H. Huynh ◽  
Shah Mukim Uddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Malaria Elimination ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Interdigitated Electrode ◽  
Sensor Platform ◽  
Electrode Sensor ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

AbstractMalaria elimination is a global public health priority. To fulfil the demands of elimination diagnostics, we have developed an interdigitated electrode sensor platform targeting the Plasmodium falciparum Histidine Rich Protein 2 (PfHRP2) protein in saliva samples. A protocol for frequency-specific PfHRP2 detection in phosphate buffered saline was developed, yielding a sensitivity of 2.5 pg/mL based on change in impedance magnitude of the sensor. This protocol was adapted and optimized for use in saliva with a sensitivity of 25 pg/mL based on change in resistance. Further validation demonstrated detection in saliva spiked with PfHRP2 from clinical isolates in 8 of 11 samples. With a turnaround time of ~2 hours, the label-free platform based on impedance sensors has the potential for miniaturization into a point-of-care diagnostic device for malaria elimination.

scholarly journals CRISPR-Cas Systems for Diagnosing Infectious Diseases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Kostyusheva ◽  
Sergey Brezgin ◽  
Yurii Babin ◽  
Irina Vasil'eva ◽  
Dmitry Kostyushev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Molecular Diagnostics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Wide Range

Infectious diseases are a global health problem affecting billions of people. Developing rapid and sensitive diagnostic tools is key for successful patient management and curbing disease spread. Currently available diagnostics are very specific and sensitive but time-consuming and require expensive laboratory settings and well-trained personnel; thus, they are not available in resource-limited areas, for the purposes of large-scale screenings and in case of outbreaks and epidemics. Developing new, rapid, and affordable point-of-care diagnostic assays is urgently needed. This review focuses on CRISPR-based technologies and their perspectives to become platforms for point-of-care nucleic acid detection methods and as deployable diagnostic platforms that could help to identify and curb outbreaks and emerging epidemics. We describe the mechanisms and function of different classes and types of CRISPR-Cas systems, including pros and cons for developing molecular diagnostic tests and applications of each type to detect a wide range of infectious agents. Many Cas proteins (Cas9, Cas12, Cas13, Cas14) have been leveraged to create highly accurate and sensitive diagnostic tools combined with technologies of signal amplification and fluorescent, potentiometric, colorimetric, or lateral flow assay detection. In particular, the most advanced platforms -- SHERLOCK/v2, DETECTR, or CRISPR-Chip -- enable detection of attomolar amounts of pathogenic nucleic acids with specificity comparable to that of PCR but with minimal technical settings. Further developing CRISPR-based diagnostic tools promises to dramatically transform molecular diagnostics, making them easily affordable and accessible virtually anywhere in the world. The burden of socially significant diseases, frequent outbreaks, recent epidemics (MERS, SARS and the ongoing coronoviral nCov-2019 infection) urgently need the developing of express-diagnostic tools. Recently devised CRISPR-technologies represent the unprecedented opportunity to reshape epidemiological surveillance and molecular diagnostics.

scholarly journals A Narrative Review of Motor Competence in Children and Adolescents: What We Know and What We Need to Find Out

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Luís Lopes ◽  
Rute Santos ◽  
Manuel Coelho-e-Silva ◽  
Catherine Draper ◽  
Jorge Mota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Physically Active

Lack of physical activity is a global public health problem causing not only morbidity and premature mortality, but it is also a major economic burden worldwide. One of the cornerstones of a physically active lifestyle is Motor Competence (MC). MC is a complex biocultural attribute and therefore, its study requires a multi-sectoral, multi-, inter- and transdisciplinary approach. MC is a growing area of research, especially in children and adolescents due to its positive association with a plethora of health and developmental outcomes. Many questions, however, remain to be answered in this field of research, with regard to: (i) Health and Developmental-related Associations of MC; (ii) Assessment of MC; (iii) Prevalence and Trends of MC; (iv) Correlates and Determinants of MC; (v) MC Interventions, and (vi) Translating MC Research into Practice and Policy. This paper presents a narrative review of the literature, summarizing current knowledge, identifying key research gaps and presenting questions for future investigation on MC in children and adolescents. This is a collaborative effort from the International Motor Competence Network (IMCNetwork) a network of academics and researchers aiming to promote international collaborative research and knowledge translation in the expansive field of MC. The knowledge and deliverables generated by addressing and answering the aforementioned research questions on MC presented in this review have the potential to shape the ways in which researchers and practitioners promote MC and physical activity in children and adolescents across the world.

scholarly journals Glycan heterogeneity on gold nanoparticles increases lectin discrimination capacity in label-free multiplexed bioassays

The Analyst ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 141 (14) ◽  
pp. 4305-4312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucienne Otten ◽  
Denise Vlachou ◽  
Sarah-Jane Richards ◽  
Matthew I. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Biological Warfare ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Biological Warfare Agents ◽  
Warfare Agents ◽  
Glycan Heterogeneity ◽  
Analytical Tools

The development of new analytical tools as point-of-care biosensors is crucial to combat the spread of infectious diseases, especially in the context of drug-resistant organisms, or to detect biological warfare agents.

scholarly journals Recent Advances of Field-Effect Transistor Technology for Infectious Diseases

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Abbas Panahi ◽  
Deniz Sadighbayan ◽  
Saghi Forouhi ◽  
Ebrahim Ghafar-Zadeh
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Field Effect ◽  
Field Effect Transistor ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Effect Transistor

Field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors have been intensively researched toward label-free biomolecule sensing for different disease screening applications. High sensitivity, incredible miniaturization capability, promising extremely low minimum limit of detection (LoD) at the molecular level, integration with complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology and last but not least label-free operation were amongst the predominant motives for highlighting these sensors in the biosensor community. Although there are various diseases targeted by FET sensors for detection, infectious diseases are still the most demanding sector that needs higher precision in detection and integration for the realization of the diagnosis at the point of care (PoC). The COVID-19 pandemic, nevertheless, was an example of the escalated situation in terms of worldwide desperate need for fast, specific and reliable home test PoC devices for the timely screening of huge numbers of people to restrict the disease from further spread. This need spawned a wave of innovative approaches for early detection of COVID-19 antibodies in human swab or blood amongst which the FET biosensing gained much more attention due to their extraordinary LoD down to femtomolar (fM) with the comparatively faster response time. As the FET sensors are promising novel PoC devices with application in early diagnosis of various diseases and especially infectious diseases, in this research, we have reviewed the recent progress on developing FET sensors for infectious diseases diagnosis accompanied with a thorough discussion on the structure of Chem/BioFET sensors and the readout circuitry for output signal processing. This approach would help engineers and biologists to gain enough knowledge to initiate their design for accelerated innovations in response to the need for more efficient management of infectious diseases like COVID-19.

scholarly journals Rapidemic, a versatile and label-free DNAzyme-based platform for visual nucleic acid detection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marijn van den Brink ◽  
Sebastian T. Tandar ◽  
Tim A. P. van den Akker ◽  
Sinisha Jovikj ◽  
Violette Defourt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Nucleic Acid Detection ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Strand Displacement Amplification ◽  
Sequence Detection ◽  
Accessible Point

AbstractIn the last three decades, there have been recurring outbreaks of infectious diseases, brought to light with the recent outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Attempts to effectively contain the spread of infectious diseases have been hampered by the lack of rapidly adaptable, accurate, and accessible point-of-care diagnostic testing. In this study, we present a novel design of a label-free DNAzyme-based detection method called Rapidemic. This assay combines recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) with linear strand-displacement amplification (LSDA) and guanine-quadruplex (GQ) DNAzyme-catalysed colour-changing reaction. The colorimetry basis of the signal readout omits the need for extensive instrumentation. Moreover, the primer-based sequence detection of RPA gives Rapidemic a potential to be rapidly adapted to target a new sequence. As a proof of concept, we developed the assay to detect isolated genomic DNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The use of low-pH buffers and the optimization of the dilution rates from each preceding reaction to the next showed to be successful strategies to enable visible detection with this method. These findings demonstrate for the first time that a label-free DNAzyme-based detection method can be coupled to RPA and LSDA for nucleic acid detection.

scholarly journals The Psychological Status and Self-Efficacy of Nurses During COVID-19 Outbreak: A Cross-Sectional Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 004695802095711
Author(s):  
Huan Xiong ◽  
Shuanglian Yi ◽  
Yufen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

A novel coronavirus pneumonia broke out and gradually developed into a global public health problem. Health care workers, especially nurses, suffered from great occupational pressure and psychological distress during the outbreak of infectious diseases. We performed a cross-sectional survey to investigate the psychological status and self-efficacy of nurses in public hospital during COVID-19 outbreak between 16th and 25th February 2020. A total of 223 nurses participated in this study. The prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms was 40.8% (CI 95%: 34.4%-47.2%) and 26.4% (CI 95%: 20.6%-42.2%), respectively. There was no difference in the prevalence of anxiety symptoms among demographic variables. There was significant differences in the prevalence of depression symptoms according to professional titles ( P = .020). The mean score of self-efficacy was 25.90 ± 7.55. The self-efficacy was negatively correlated with anxiety ( r = −0.161, P < .05). The psychological status of nurses in public hospital during COVID-19 outbreak needs our attention. Improving nurses’ self-efficacy in dealing with emerging infectious diseases may be helpful to their psychology.

scholarly journals Molecular Diagnosis of COVID-19: An Update and Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (03) ◽  
pp. 126-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ketan Priyadarshi ◽  
Vijaya Lakshmi Nag ◽  
Sarika P. Kombade ◽  
Ravi Sekhar Gadepalli ◽  
Sanjeev Misra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Diagnosis ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Molecular Assays ◽  
Ssrna Virus ◽  
The World

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 belongs to genus Betacoronavirus subgenus Sarbecovirus of the family Coronaviridae, which originated as a global public health problem. The disease caused is termed as Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). The virus spread in more than 213 countries and territories all over the world and disease was declared as a pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 is an enveloped positive-sense single- stranded ribonucleic acid (ssRNA) virus. Severe infection and high-mortality are seen in patients with comorbid conditions like diabetes, hypertension, cancer, old age, malnutrition, children, and pregnancy. In India, strategy for testing of COVID-19 has been framed and revised over the course of time by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Department of Health Research (DHR), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW), Government of India. ICMR has created a network of viral research and diagnostic laboratories (VRDLs) all over the country, and COVID-19 testing has also been undertaken by ICMR. AIIMS Jodhpur is a regional level VRDL, mentoring 38 government and private laboratories for molecular diagnosis of COVID-19 in the states of Rajasthan and Gujarat. Currently, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) assay is used all over the country for diagnosis of COVID-19. It uses the TaqMan fluorogenic probe-based chemistry and 5′- nuclease activity of Taq DNA polymerase. It targets specific genes like the RdRp gene, HKU-Orf1ab gene, E gene, and N gene. Apart from rRT-PCR, other isothermal nucleic acid test (NAT)-like transcription-mediated amplification (TMA), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), etc. are emerging diagnostic tools to detect COVID-19. Cepheid Xpert Xpress SARS- CoV-2 test and Truenat betaCoV are point-of-care molecular assays which gives results in less than 1 hour, and helps to provide rapid and accurate results. Automated molecular assays like Cobas SARS-CoV-2 and Multiplex NAAT BioFire Respiratory Panel 2.1 (RP2.1) are newer techniques to curb the disease. Sherlock CRISPR SARS-CoV-2 kit is a highly specific and sensitive assay developed to diagnose COVID-19. rRT-PCR has been combined with techniques like bead hybridization, digital droplet PCR, microarray, etc. for improving the correct diagnosis. Recent molecular assays are the future pillars for containment of COVID-19 outbreaks all over the world.

scholarly journals CRISPR/Cas System: A Potential Technology for the Prevention and Control of COVID-19 and Emerging Infectious Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronghua Ding ◽  
Jinzhao Long ◽  
Mingzhu Yuan ◽  
Yuefei Jin ◽  
Haiyan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Pathogen Detection ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
The Future ◽  
And Control

The continued global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses a serious threat to global public health and social stability and it has become a serious global public health problem. Unfortunately, existing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for the prevention and control of COVID-19 have many shortcomings. In recent years, the emerging CRISPR/Cas technology can complement the problems of traditional methods. Biological tools based on CRISPR/Cas systems have been widely used in biomedicine. In particular, they are advantageous in pathogen detection, clinical antiviral therapy, drug, and vaccine development. Therefore, CRISPR/Cas technology may have great potential for application in the prevention and control of COVID-19 and emerging infectious diseases in the future. This article summarizes the existing applications of CRISPR/Cas technology in infectious diseases with the aim of providing effective strategies for the prevention and control of COVID-19 and other emerging infectious diseases in the future.

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