scholarly journals Utilization of Water-Cooled and Air-Cooled Slag Aggregate in Concrete: A Solution to the Secular Economy

Eng ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-59
Author(s):  
Ahmed Maher El-Tair ◽  
Ramez Bakheet ◽  
Mohamed Samy El-Feky ◽  
Mohamed Kohail ◽  
Shatirah Akib
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Concrete Aggregates ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Concrete Mix ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
Behavior Characteristics ◽  
Different Levels

Aggregates are generally thought of as inert filler within a concrete mix, and a typical concrete mix is comprised of as much as 70–80% of them. They play an essential role in the properties of both fresh and hardened concrete. Nowadays, scientists are aiming to use waste materials, thereby replacing natural aggregates for economic and environmental considerations. This study investigates the effect of the utilization of steel slag by-product aggregates (air- and water-cooled slag) as concrete aggregates on the behavior characteristics of concrete. Various concrete mixtures, with different levels of replacement of slag aggregate (50, 75, and 100%), were conducted in order to find the optimum percentages to improve the microstructure and different properties of concrete (fresh and hardened). The results showed that increasing the fine aggregate replacement percentage led to a decrease in compressive strength values, in contrast with coarse aggregate replaced with slag aggregate. The steel slag aggregates showed potential to be used as replacement for natural aggregate with comparable compressive strength and acceptable workability.

scholarly journals Compressive Strength, Chloride Ion Penetrability, and Carbonation Characteristic of Concrete with Mixed Slag Aggregate

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 940
Author(s):  
Se-Jin Choi ◽  
Young-Uk Kim ◽  
Tae-Gue Oh ◽  
Bong-Suk Cho
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Replacement Ratio ◽  
Concrete Aggregates ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ferronickel Slag ◽  
Natural Aggregates

The shortage of natural aggregates has recently emerged as a serious problem owing to the tremendous growth of the concrete industry. Consequently, the social interest in identifying aggregate materials as alternatives to natural aggregates has increased. In South Korea’s growing steel industry, a large amount of steel slag is generated and discarded every year, thereby causing environmental pollution. In previous studies, steel slag, such as blast furnace slag (BFS), has been used as substitutes for concrete aggregates; however, few studies have been conducted on concrete containing both BFS and Ferronickel slag (FNS) as the fine aggregate. In this study, the compressive strength, chloride ion penetrability, and carbonation characteristic of concrete with both FNS and BFS were investigated. The mixed slag fine aggregate (MSFA) was used to replace 0, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the natural fine aggregate volume. From the test results, the highest compressive strength after 56 days was observed for the B/F100 sample. The 56 days chloride ion penetrability of the B/F75, and B/F100 samples with the MSFA contents of 75% and 100% were low level, approximately 34%, and 54% lower than that of the plain sample, respectively. In addition, the carbonation depth of the samples decreased with the increase in replacement ratio of MSFA.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Use of Recycled Concrete Aggregates Originating from a Single Ready-Mix Concrete Plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleftherios Anastasiou ◽  
Michail Papachristoforou ◽  
Dimitrios Anesiadis ◽  
Konstantinos Zafeiridis ◽  
Eirini-Chrysanthi Tsardaka
Keyword(s):  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Coarse Fraction ◽  
Recycled Concrete ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Concrete Aggregates ◽  
Recycled Concrete Aggregates ◽  
Concrete Mixtures

The waste produced from ready-mixed concrete (RMC) industries poses an environmental challenge regarding recycling. Three different waste products form RMC plants were investigated for use as recycled aggregates in construction applications. Crushed hardened concrete from test specimens of at least 40 MPa compressive strength (HR) and crushed hardened concrete from returned concrete (CR) were tested for their suitability as concrete aggregates and then used as fine and coarse aggregate in new concrete mixtures. In addition, cement sludge fines (CSF) originating from the washing of concrete trucks were tested for their properties as filler for construction applications. Then, CSF was used at 10% and 20% replacement rates as a cement replacement for mortar production and as an additive for soil stabilization. The results show that, although there is some reduction in the properties of the resulting concrete, both HR and CR can be considered good-quality recycled aggregates, especially when the coarse fraction is used. Furthermore, HR performs considerably better than CR both as coarse and as fine aggregate. CSF seems to be a fine material with good properties as a filler, provided that it is properly crushed and sieved through a 75 μm sieve.

scholarly journals RECYCLE GLASS WASTE AS A REPLACEMENT OF FINE AGGREGATE IN CONCRETE MIX STANDARD COMPARISON

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
Syf. Umi Kalsum ◽  
Betti Ses Eka Polonia ◽  
Hurul 'Ain
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Glass Waste ◽  
Concrete Aggregates ◽  
Concrete Mix ◽  
Waste Solid ◽  
Mixed Material ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete

Recycling is one way that is used to minimize the amount of waste that exists. Recycling is also a process to reduce the use of new raw materials, reduce energy use, reduce pollution, land degradation and greenhouse gas emissions. Materials that can be recycled consist of waste of glass, plastic, paper, metal, textiles and electronic goods. Glass has characteristics suitable as concrete aggregates, considering that glass is a material that does not absorb water. In addition, glass has high abrasion resistance. Meanwhile, the waste glass flux lowers the temperature to the temperature at which the formers will melt. Stabilizers in glass waste are made of calcium carbonate, which makes the glass waste solid and water-resistant. This glass waste is recycled by mixing it into the concrete mix. The recycling method is done by pounding the glass and putting it into the concrete mix stage. The purpose of mixing the glass waste is expected to increase the compressive strength of concrete. The use of glass waste as a mixed material affects the compressive strength of the concrete. The concrete with the most inferior to highest compressive strength is 4% variation concrete, 2% variation concrete, and traditional concrete. Optimal percentage addition of glass waste impacts on maximum concrete compressive strength is 2% mixture variation which obtained 11,88 Mpa & 11,32 Mpa.

scholarly journals Durability Study of Concrete using Foundry Waste Sand

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
Dr. Sheela V ◽  
Vijay. S ◽  
Vikram. M ◽  
Baskaran. K ◽  
Vishnu. K
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Foundry Sands ◽  
Concrete Mix

This research was conducted to investigate the performance of fresh and hardened concrete containing discarded foundry sands as a replacement of fine aggregate. A control concrete mix was proportioned to achieve a 28-day compressive strength of 37 MPa . Other concrete mixes were proportioned to replace 15% and 35% of regular concrete sand with cleaned foundry sand and used foundry sand by weight. Concrete performance was evaluated with respect to compressive strength, tensile strength and modulus of elasticity. At 28-day age, concrete containing used foundry sand showed about 20 to 30% lower values than concrete without used foundry sand. But concrete containing 25% and 35% cleaned foundry sand gave almost the same compressive strength as that of the control mix.

scholarly journals A Response Surface Approach for Determining Optimal Mix Parameters for Normal Strength Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Kareem
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Normal Weight Concrete ◽  
Concrete Mix ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Optimal Mix

The study evaluates the influence of water/cement ratios and aggregates contents on the engineering properties of normal weight concrete. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using historical design was adopted to design and develop predictive models and perform the optimization of concrete prepared with cement, fine aggregate (FA), coarse aggregate (CA) contents at different water/cement ratio (W/C) by volume. Concrete mixes were prepared using fixed content of ordinary Portland cement and the different mixtures. The density and compressive strength of hardened concrete specimens were determined at the curing 28 days. The response surface analysis showed that W/C and aggregate contents have significant effects on density and compressive strength of concrete. The regression model yielded good correlations with the experimental data. The optimized density and 28-day compressive strength values of 2522.973 kg/m3 and 29.977 N/mm2 were achieved for the concrete mix containing 1.5-part of FA, 3-part of CA and 0.60 W/C, respectively. The optimal concrete mix parameters determined using RSM provides the basis for selecting appropriate safe concrete component ratios.

Prodution of Concrete Aggregates with High Strength by Using the Wastes

2010 ◽  
Vol 163-167 ◽  
pp. 1651-1654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Bang Wang ◽  
Zong Hui Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Apparent Density ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
High Strength ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Concrete Aggregates ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
Different Content ◽  
Furnace Slag

Several series of concrete aggregates with different content of steel slag, blast furnace slag, coal gangue and fly ash were prepared. The reasonable ratio of raw materials and process parameters to prepare the aggregates were determined by measuring the water absorption, crush indicators and apparent density of the aggregates. The mineral composition and morphology of the aggregates were analyzed by XRD, SEM and EDS. The results showed the aggregate with about 30% steel slag, 50% slag, 20% gangue, and calcined at 1300°C for 90 minutes had the best performance. The water absorption of the aggregate is about 1.55% which is lower than that of the natural aggregates (about 2.2% on average). Both the crushing index (about 11.39%) and the apparent density (2672 kg/m3) of the aggregate meet the requirements of national standards.

Mechanical Properties of Double Layer Rubberized Concrete Paving Blocks

2014 ◽  
Vol 911 ◽  
pp. 463-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Euniza Jusli ◽  
Hasanan M. Nor ◽  
Putra Jaya Ramadhansyah ◽  
Haron Zaiton
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Rubberized Concrete ◽  
Rubber Content ◽  
Waste Rubber ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Solid Load ◽  
Different Levels

This paper sought to evaluate the influences of different levels of waste rubber tyre (rubber granules) as an aggregate replacement in the production of double layer concrete paving blocks (CPBs). Waste rubber tyres were used as an aggregate replacement at the levels of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. The characteristics of the double layer rubberized CPB were examined via a series of tests. According to the results, the density, porosity, and compressive strength of the double layer rubberized CPB is highly influenced by the percentage of rubber content. The compressive strength test has proven that by using rubber granules as an aggregate, the compressive strength is able to be manipulated. As the percentage of rubber granules increase, the compressive strength will decrease as the amount of solid, load-carrying material reduces. Compressive strength was at its peak when the rubber content was at 10%. 1-4 mm rubber granules were used as a replacement of fine aggregate and 5-8 mm rubber granules as coarse aggregate; both at the level of 40%. As a result, a double layer rubberized CPB with 28-days compressive strength of maximum 28 MPa is produced.

Quality Evaluation System for Description of Recycled Concrete Aggregates and Verification of its Functionality

2017 ◽  
Vol 902 ◽  
pp. 14-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iveta Nováková ◽  
Iveta Hájková
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Recycled Concrete ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Concrete Aggregates ◽  
Recycled Concrete Aggregates ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Quality Evaluation System

Article presents quality evaluation system for description of recycled concrete aggregates (RCA), verification of RCA properties and subsequent application in to concrete mixtures as a partial or total replacement of natural aggregates (NA). Modernization and rehabilitation of constructions is accompanied by creation of demolition waste from old buildings and structures. The necessity of recycling is unavoidable, because volume of construction and demolition waste (C&DW) is increasing and the landfills are reaching their maximum capacity. Nowadays, there are numerous research teams focused on analysis of characteristics and application of RCA into new concrete as a replacement of NA. Test samples of RCA have always different source, grain composition and other physical and mechanical properties, which are variously described in each different paper. Up to now, there is no any uniform quality evaluation system for description of recycled concrete aggregates, which can easily describe their source and assumed properties. Our aim is to set up rules for description of RCA and simplify the evaluation of properties of various RCA. Qualification system will be applied on three different samples of RCA and verified by the selected properties tests. Tested samples of RCA will be than used as a replacement of natural aggregates in concrete mixtures. The replacement amount was set up on 20%, 40% and 100% according to the reviewed literature, to have a comparable replacement amount and valuable results for discussion. The results of RCA testing and testing of concrete with partial and total replacement of NA showed that the evaluation system is working properly. It can be concluded, that accuracy of the quality evaluation system for description of recycled concrete aggregates is sufficient, but more tests on RCA should be done to prove all connections in between description of RCA and their properties.

scholarly journals Plastic as substituent material for fine aggregate in concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 309 ◽  
pp. 01132
Author(s):  
Raju Suram ◽  
T. Srinivas ◽  
Vegiraju Naresh kumar Varma
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Recycled Polyethylene ◽  
Natural Aggregates

The Plastic is a part of our lives due to its daily usage. So, the consumption of plastic is increasing every year. The decomposition of plastic takes more than thousand years because of its non-biodegradable nature. The plastic harms the society and surrounding environment in all aspects. So, the best way to control the pollution posed by the plastic is recycling. The exponential growth in construction industry, the demand for natural aggregates increases but leads to depletion of natural resources. To overcome this issue plastic used as a fine aggregate replacement in concrete. The majority of the waste coming from the plastic bottles (Polyethylene Terephthalate) and food containers (Polypropylene). So, the recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate and Polypropylene used as a fine aggregate in concrete with percentages of 5%,10%,15%. This paper objective is to assess the effect of Polyethylene Terephthalate and Polypropylene on compressive strength and workability. The workability and compressive strength of PET and PP have given good results up to10%and 5%. It has been observed from the test results that 5% and 10% is optimum for Polypropylene (PP) and Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)as fine aggregate in concrete respectively.

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