scholarly journals Endophytic Community Composition and Genetic-Enzymatic Features of Cultivable Bacteria in Vaccinium myrtillus L. in Forests of the Baltic-Nordic Region

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1647
Author(s):  
Ingrida Mažeikienė ◽  
Birutė Frercks ◽  
Daiva Burokienė ◽  
Irena Mačionienė ◽  
Alvija Šalaševičienė
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Vaccinium Myrtillus ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Cultivable Bacteria ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Vaccinium Myrtillus L

Regardless of their growth locations and species diversity, plants have endophytic bacterial communities. Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) is valuable for human health because of its antioxidant properties, and the plant has adapted to stressful growing conditions in forests. Here, we aimed to describe the composition of the community of endophytic microorganisms in bilberry leaves and to determine whether the diversity of endophytic bacteria varies depending on the geographical location of the plants. In this study, we evaluated the significance of endophytes in the host plant and the potential use of such bacteria. Twenty-five culturable bacterial isolates were identified in V. myrtillus leaves based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. For the first time, we report upon the diversity of endophytic communities coexisting in bilberry leaves in different geographical locations of the Nordic-Baltic region. Under harsh conditions, the bilberry plants had a greater diversity of bacteria. The bacterial families Bacillaceae, Paenibacillaceae and Micrococcaceae were the most common endophytes in leaves of bilberry. Strains of Staphylococcaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Pseudomonaceae, Corynebacteriaceae and Planococcaceae were identified in samples from Finland and Norway. Plant growth-promoting genes (acdS and AcPho) and/or enzymatic activity were identified in many isolates.

Assessing the Plant Growth-promoting Traits and Host Specificity of Endophytic Bacteria of Pulse Crops

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Thamizh Vendan ◽  
D. Balachandar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Traits

Background: Symbiotic associations between legumes and Rhizobia are ancient and fundamental. However, the plant growth-promoting endophytes other than Rhizobia are not yet fully explored for pulses productivity. The present study was aimed to isolate efficient endophytic bacteria from pulses, assess their diversity, screen their plant growth-promoting activities and to test their potential as bio inoculants for pulses.Methods: We have isolated several endophytic bacteria from pulse crops more specifically from blackgram (Vigna mungo) and greengram (Vigna radiata). After careful screening, 15 promising endophytic isolates were selected for this study. The identification of endophytic bacterial isolates was performed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The isolates were tested for their potential for the plant growth-promoting traits such as nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, indole-3-acetic acid production, siderophore secretion and antifungal activity. Pot culture experiments were conducted with the screened potential endophytic cultures.Result: The 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that species of Enterobacter, Bacillus, Pantoea, Pseudomonas, Acromobacter, Ocrobacterium were found as endophytes in blackgram and greengram. The in vitro screening identified Bacillus pumilus (BG-E6), Pseudomonas fluorescens (BG-E5) and Bacillus licheniformis (BG-E3) from blackgram and Pseudomonas chlororaphis (GG-E2) and Bacillus thuringiensis (GG-E7) from greengram as potential plant growth-promoting endophytes. These strains showed antagonism against plant pathogenic fungi. Upon inoculation of these endophytic PGPR strains, the blackgram and greengram growth and yield got increased. Among the strains, BG-E6 recorded 14.7% increased yield in blackgram and GG-E2 accounted for a 19.5% yield increase in greengram compared to respective uninoculated control. The experimental results showed that there was a host specificity found among the endophytic bacterial cultures with pulses. The cross inoculation of endophytic strains did not perform well to enhance the growth and yield of their alternate hosts. 

scholarly journals Interplay between Fungal Infection and Bacterial Associates in the Wax Moth Galleria mellonella under Different Temperature Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Vadim Yu Kryukov ◽  
Elena Kosman ◽  
Oksana Tomilova ◽  
Olga Polenogova ◽  
Ulyana Rotskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Cultivable Bacteria ◽  
Stress Related Genes ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

Various insect bacterial associates are involved in pathogeneses caused by entomopathogenic fungi. The outcome of infection (fungal growth or decomposition) may depend on environmental factors such as temperature. The aim of this study was to analyze the bacterial communities and immune response of Galleria mellonella larvae injected with Cordyceps militaris and incubated at 15 °C and 25 °C. We examined changes in the bacterial CFUs, bacterial communities (Illumina MiSeq 16S rRNA gene sequencing) and expression of immune, apoptosis, ROS and stress-related genes (qPCR) in larval tissues in response to fungal infection at the mentioned temperatures. Increased survival of larvae after C. militaris injection was observed at 25 °C, although more frequent episodes of spontaneous bacteriosis were observed at this temperature compared to 15 °C. We revealed an increase in the abundance of enterococci and enterobacteria in the midgut and hemolymph in response to infection at 25 °C, which was not observed at 15 °C. Antifungal peptide genes showed the highest expression at 25 °C, while antibacterial peptides and inhibitor of apoptosis genes were strongly expressed at 15 °C. Cultivable bacteria significantly suppressed the growth of C. militaris. We suggest that fungi such as C. militaris may need low temperatures to avoid competition with host bacterial associates.

scholarly journals Gut microbiome profiling of a rural and urban South African cohort reveals biomarkers of a population in lifestyle transition

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. H. Oduaran ◽  
F. B. Tamburini ◽  
V. Sahibdeen ◽  
R. Brewster ◽  
F. X. Gómez-Olivé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Epidemiological Transition ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Targeted Interventions

Abstract Background Comparisons of traditional hunter-gatherers and pre-agricultural communities in Africa with urban and suburban Western North American and European cohorts have clearly shown that diet, lifestyle and environment are associated with gut microbiome composition. Yet, little is known about the gut microbiome composition of most communities in the very diverse African continent. South Africa comprises a richly diverse ethnolinguistic population that is experiencing an ongoing epidemiological transition and concurrent spike in the prevalence of obesity, largely attributed to a shift towards more Westernized diets and increasingly inactive lifestyle practices. To characterize the microbiome of African adults living in more mainstream lifestyle settings and investigate associations between the microbiome and obesity, we conducted a pilot study, designed collaboratively with community leaders, in two South African cohorts representative of urban and transitioning rural populations. As the rate of overweight and obesity is particularly high in women, we collected single time-point stool samples from 170 HIV-negative women (51 at Soweto; 119 at Bushbuckridge), performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing on these samples and compared the data to concurrently collected anthropometric data. Results We found the overall gut microbiome of our cohorts to be reflective of their ongoing epidemiological transition. Specifically, we find that geographical location was more important for sample clustering than lean/obese status and observed a relatively higher abundance of the Melainabacteria, Vampirovibrio, a predatory bacterium, in Bushbuckridge. Also, Prevotella, despite its generally high prevalence in the cohorts, showed an association with obesity. In comparisons with benchmarked datasets representative of non-Western populations, relatively higher abundance values were observed in our dataset for Barnesiella (log2fold change (FC) = 4.5), Alistipes (log2FC = 3.9), Bacteroides (log2FC = 4.2), Parabacteroides (log2FC = 3.1) and Treponema (log2FC = 1.6), with the exception of Prevotella (log2FC = − 4.7). Conclusions Altogether, this work identifies putative microbial features associated with host health in a historically understudied community undergoing an epidemiological transition. Furthermore, we note the crucial role of community engagement to the success of a study in an African setting, the importance of more population-specific studies to inform targeted interventions as well as present a basic foundation for future research.

scholarly journals Salix purpurea and Eleocharis obtusa Rhizospheres Harbor a Diverse Rhizospheric Bacterial Community Characterized by Hydrocarbons Degradation Potentials and Plant Growth-Promoting Properties

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1987
Author(s):  
Fahad Alotaibi ◽  
Soon-Jae Lee ◽  
Marc St-Arnaud ◽  
Mohamed Hijri
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Petrochemical Plant ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Pgp Traits ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Phytoremediation, a method of phytomanagement using the plant holobiont to clean up polluted soils, is particularly effective for degrading organic pollutants. However, the respective contributions of host plants and their associated microbiota within the holobiont to the efficiency of phytoremediation is poorly understood. The identification of plant-associated bacteria capable of efficiently utilizing these compounds as a carbon source while stimulating plant-growth is a keystone for phytomanagement engineering. In this study, we sampled the rhizosphere and the surrounding bulk soil of Salixpurpurea and Eleocharis obusta from the site of a former petrochemical plant in Varennes, QC, Canada. Our objectives were to: (i) isolate and identify indigenous bacteria inhabiting these biotopes; (ii) assess the ability of isolated bacteria to utilize alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) as the sole carbon source, and (iii) determine the plant growth-promoting (PGP) potential of the isolates using five key traits. A total of 438 morphologically different bacterial isolates were obtained, purified, preserved and identified through PCR and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Identified isolates represent 62 genera. Approximately, 32% of bacterial isolates were able to utilize all five different hydrocarbons compounds. Additionally, 5% of tested isolates belonging to genera Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Serratia, Klebsiella, Microbacterium, Bacillus and Stenotrophomonas possessed all five of the tested PGP functional traits. This culture collection of diverse, petroleum-hydrocarbon degrading bacteria, with multiple PGP traits, represents a valuable resource for future use in environmental bio- and phyto-technology applications.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Streptomycetes with Plant Growth Promoting Potential from Mangrove Ecosystem

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Shrivastava ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Mahesh Yandigeri ◽  
Nityanand Malviya ◽  
Dilip Arora
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Population Count ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Enrichment Techniques

A total of 66 actinomycetes isolates were isolated from mangroves of Andhra Pradesh, India, using various enrichment techniques and pre-treatments. The samples were collected from Coringa mangrove ecosystem and pre-treated by enrichment with CaCO3, sodium dodecyl sulphate and phenol, plated on the media supplemented with cycloheximide (50 mg/ml), nystatin (25 mg/ml) and nalidixic acid (50 mg/ml). The population count of actinomycetes fluctuated from 1.9×105 to 8.0×105/g soil. Out of the isolated 66 actinomycetes, 8 isolates possessing plant growth promoting potential were further studied and characterized by physiological and biochemical traits and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as different species of Streptomycetes genera.

Cultivable bacteria in infected root canals as identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 266-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Siqueira ◽  
I. N. Rôças ◽  
S. S. M. Paiva ◽  
K. M. Magalhães ◽  
T. Guimarães-Pinto
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Cultivable Bacteria ◽  
Infected Root ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

scholarly journals Identification and Differentiation of Pseudomonas Species in Field Samples Using an rpoD Amplicon Sequencing Methodology

mSystems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Greve Lauritsen ◽  
Morten Lindqvist Hansen ◽  
Pernille Kjersgaard Bech ◽  
Lars Jelsbak ◽  
Lone Gram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Specific Species

A high-throughput sequencing-based method for profiling of Pseudomonas species in soil microbiomes was developed and identified more species than 16S rRNA gene sequencing or cultivation. Pseudomonas species are used as biocontrol organisms and plant growth-promoting agents, and the method will allow tracing of specific species of Pseudomonas as well as enable screening of environmental samples for further isolation and exploitation.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF ULTRASONIC INFLUENCES ON THE EXTRACTION OF ANTI-OXIDANT COMPOUNDS OF BLACKBERRY BERRIES (VACCINIUM MYRTILLUS L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 167-177
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Viktorovna Makarova ◽  
Natal'ya Borisovna Yeremeyeva
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Vaccinium Myrtillus ◽  
Ultrasonic Extraction ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
High Biological Activity ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Vaccinium Myrtillus L

The interest in berries from food manufacturers is huge, which is explained by good organoleptic characteristics and high biological activity of berries. One way to preserve the properties of berries throughout the year is to obtain extracts. Determining the conditions and type of optimal extraction technology to obtain biologically active substances from plant materials is an important stage in the production of new natural preventive additives. The aim of this work is to study the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of blueberry extracts (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) obtained by various methods: maceration, ultrasonic and microwave extraction. The use of ultrasonic extraction as a method of intensifying the process of extracting biologically active compounds from blueberries is very effective. This proves an almost 2-fold increase in the flavonoid content in the extracts. However, the content of anthocyanins in the extracts of blueberries is not the highest for ultrasonic extraction (a decrease by 3.3 times compared with maceration), in all likelihood due to the instability of this class of compounds in this type of processing. Among the extracts of blueberries obtained by three technologies (maceration, microwave and ultrasound treatment), it is the ultrasound extract that has the highest antioxidant activity (9.5±0.1 mg/cm3, 18.18 mmol±0.24 Fe2+/1 kg, 58.6%), determined by three methods: DPPH method, FRAP method, method for assessing antioxidant properties using a model system with linoleic acid. Ultrasonic extraction was chosen as a technology for obtaining a concentrated blueberry extract.

scholarly journals POLYPHASIC CHARACTERIZATION OF Bacillus STRAINS ISOLATED FROM MAIZE

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
ELIANE APARECIDA GOMES ◽  
UBIRACI GOMES DE PAULA LANA ◽  
MARINA ELEUTÉRIO GÓI DE MORAES RODRIGUES ◽  
SYLVIA MORAIS DE SOUSA ◽  
CHRISTIANE ABREU DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Production Quality Control ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Bacillus Strains

The use of bioinoculants with plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) is a sustainable agricultural practice that has been expanding worldwide. Thus, it is fundamental to characterize these bacteria molecularly to provide better security and traceability for bioinoculants production. This work aimed to identify, characterize and develop specific molecular markers for Bacillus strains related to plant-growing promotion. Five strains were identified as B. pumillus (B32), B. thuringiensis (B116), B. megaterium (B119) and B. subitilis (B2082 and B2084) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Repetitive element palindromic (Rep-PCR) and amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) techniques allowed the discrimination of the strains, except B2082 and B2084 that presented identical genetic profiles, indicating that they are same or genetically close isolates. Moreover, specific molecular markers were developed for B116 and B119 strains and may be used for microbial inoculants production quality control, strains traceability and to detail PGPB colonization.

scholarly journals Comparison of Antioxidant Properties of Wild Blueberries (Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. and Vaccinium myrtillus L.) with Cultivated Blueberry Varieties (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) in Artvin Region of Turkey

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özlem Saral ◽  
Zafer Ölmez ◽  
Hüseyin Şahin
Keyword(s):  
Wild Species ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Vaccinium Myrtillus ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
High Biological Activity ◽  
Wild Blueberries ◽  
Trolox Equivalent ◽  
Vaccinium Myrtillus L

Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. and Vaccinium myrtillus L. which are found naturally in most part of Blacksea Region, and Artvin are generally called bear grape, Trabzon tea, and likapa. In addition, different varieties of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) have been cultivated in Artvin region for 5 or 6 years. Blueberries contain appreciable levels of phenolic compounds, including anthocyanins and flavonols that have high biological activity. V. arctostaphylos and V. myrtillus show that natural distrubition with received V. corymbosum of different cultured species in Artvin region will be determined antioxidant activity in this study. In this study showed that wild species had a higher antioxidant effect than cultivated species. V. myrtillus had high total polyphenols (11.539-20.742 mg GAE/g dry sample), flavonoids (1.182-2.676 mg QE/g dry sample) and anthocyanins (3.305-11.473 mg Cyn/g dry sample) than V. corymbosum species. In addition, wild species had high CUPRAC, FRAP and DPPH values. The antioxidant activities found with CUPRAC, expressed as trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity ranged from 0.143 to 0.297 mmol TEAC/g dry sample. Those determined with DPPH expressed as IC50 ranged from 0.229 to 1.178 mg/ml. Those determined with FRAP expressed as FeSO4.7H2O equivalent were in 130.719–346.115 µmol Fe/g dry sample range.

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