Control of Multidrug-Resistant Pathogenic Staphylococci Associated with Vaginal Infection Using Biosurfactants Derived from Potential Probiotic Bacillus Strain

Biosurfactants exhibit antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities. They can be used as therapeutic agents and in the fight against infectious diseases. Moreover, the anti-adhesive properties against several pathogens point to the possibility that they might serve as an anti-adhesive coating agent for medical inserts and prevent nosocomial infections, without using synthetic substances. In this study, the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, cell surface hydrophobicity, and antioxidative activities of biosurfactant extracted from Bacillus sp., against four pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus spp. associated with vaginal infection, were studied. Our results have shown that the tested biosurfactant possesses a promising antioxidant potential, and an antibacterial potency against multidrug clinical isolates of Staphylococcus, with an inhibitory diameter ranging between 27 and 37 mm, and a bacterial growth inhibition at an MIC of 1 mg/ mL, obtained. The BioSa3 was highly effective on the biofilm formation of different tested pathogenic strains. Following their treatment by BioSa3, a significant decrease in bacterial attachment (p < 0.05) was justified by the reduction in the optical (from 0.709 to 0.111) following their treatment by BioSa3. The antibiofilm effect can be attributed to its ability to alter the membrane physiology of the tested pathogens to cause a significant decrease (p < 0.05) of over 50% of the surface hydrophobicity. Based on the obtained result of the bioactivities in the current study, BioSa3 is a good candidate in new therapeutics to better control multidrug-resistant bacteria and overcome bacterial biofilm-associated infections by protecting surfaces from microbial contamination.

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Blocking of Bacterial Biofilm Formation by a Fish Protein Coating

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.00279-08 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 74 (11) ◽

pp. 3551-3558 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Rebecca Munk Vejborg ◽

Per Klemm

Keyword(s):

Biofilm Formation ◽

Fish Muscle ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Economic Problem ◽

Bacterial Attachment ◽

Bacterial Biofilm ◽

Adhesive Properties ◽

Muscle Extract ◽

Wide Range ◽

Inert Surfaces

ABSTRACT Bacterial biofilm formation on inert surfaces is a significant health and economic problem in a wide range of environmental, industrial, and medical areas. Bacterial adhesion is generally a prerequisite for this colonization process and, thus, represents an attractive target for the development of biofilm-preventive measures. We have previously found that the preconditioning of several different inert materials with an aqueous fish muscle extract, composed primarily of fish muscle α-tropomyosin, significantly discourages bacterial attachment and adhesion to these surfaces. Here, this proteinaceous coating is characterized with regards to its biofilm-reducing properties by using a range of urinary tract infectious isolates with various pathogenic and adhesive properties. The antiadhesive coating significantly reduced or delayed biofilm formation by all these isolates under every condition examined. The biofilm-reducing activity did, however, vary depending on the substratum physicochemical characteristics and the environmental conditions studied. These data illustrate the importance of protein conditioning layers with respect to bacterial biofilm formation and suggest that antiadhesive proteins may offer an attractive measure for reducing or delaying biofilm-associated infections.

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Fibronectin enhances Campylobacter fetus interaction with extracellular matrix components and INT 407 cells

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/w07-115 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 37-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

L. L. Graham ◽

T. Friel ◽

R. L. Woodman

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽

Surface Hydrophobicity ◽

Bacterial Attachment ◽

Binding Assays ◽

Rgd Sequence ◽

Campylobacter Fetus ◽

Extracellular Matrix Components

Campylobacter fetus is a recognized pathogen of cattle and sheep that can also infect humans. No adhesins specific for C. fetus have to date been identified; however, bacterial attachment is essential to establish an infecting population. Scanning electron microscopy revealed C. fetus attachment to the serosal surface of human colonic biopsy explants, a location consistent with the presence of the extracellular matrix (ECM). To determine whether the ECM mediated C. fetus adherence, 7 C. fetus strains were assessed in a solid-phase binding assay for their ability to bind to immobilized ECM components. Of the ECM components assayed, adherence to fibronectin was noted for all strains. Attachment to ECM components was neither correlated with S-layer expression nor with cell-surface hydrophobicity. Ligand immunoblots, however, identified the S-layer protein as a major site of fibronectin binding, and modified ECM binding assays revealed that soluble fibronectin significantly enhanced the attachment of S-layer-expressing C. fetus strains to other ECM components. Soluble fibronectin also increased C. fetus adherence to INT 407 cells. This adherence was inhibited when INT 407 cells were incubated with synthetic peptides containing an RGD sequence, indicating that integrin receptors were involved in fibronectin-mediated attachment. Together, this data suggests that C. fetus can bind to immobilized fibronectin and use soluble fibronectin to enhance attachment to other ECM components and intestinal epithelial cells. In vivo, fibronectin would promote bacterial adherence, thereby, contributing to the initial interaction of C. fetus with mucosal and submucosal surfaces.

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Surface hydrophobicity of acidophilic heterotrophic bacterial cells in relation to their adhesion on minerals

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m91-117 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 37 (9) ◽

pp. 692-696 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

B. K. Chakrabarti ◽

P. C. Banerjee

Keyword(s):

Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽

Ph Value ◽

Manganese Nodule ◽

Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽

Surface Hydrophobicity ◽

Bacterial Attachment ◽

Bacterial Cells ◽

Iron Pyrite ◽

Acidophilic Bacteria ◽

Hydrophilic Nature

The cell-surface hydrophobicity of acidophilic heterotrophic bacteria originating from mines varied with the pH of the suspending medium and with the growth temperature. Adhesion of these bacterial cells on mineral particles depended upon the hydrophobic (or hydrophilic) nature of both the cells and the minerals. A strong correlation between these properties was usually observed at different pH values of the suspending medium. At a certain pH value, bacterial attachment depended upon the particle size of the minerals. Key words: hydrophobicity, acidophilic bacteria, Acidiphilium cryptum, Acidiphilium symbioticum, adhesion, manganese nodule, chalcopyrite, iron pyrite.

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Cell Wall-Anchored CshA Polypeptide (259 Kilodaltons) in Streptococcus gordonii Forms Surface Fibrils That Confer Hydrophobic and Adhesive Properties

Journal of Bacteriology ◽

10.1128/jb.181.10.3087-3095.1999 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 181 (10) ◽

pp. 3087-3095 ◽

Cited By ~ 93

Author(s):

Roderick McNab ◽

Helen Forbes ◽

Pauline S. Handley ◽

Diane M. Loach ◽

Gerald W. Tannock ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Surface ◽

Insertional Mutagenesis ◽

Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽

Cell Aggregation ◽

Surface Hydrophobicity ◽

Streptococcus Gordonii ◽

Adhesive Properties ◽

Specific Antibodies ◽

Structural And Functional Properties ◽

Human Fibronectin

ABSTRACT It has been shown previously that inactivation of thecshA gene, encoding a major cell surface polypeptide (259 kDa) in the oral bacterium Streptococcus gordonii, generates mutants that are markedly reduced in hydrophobicity, deficient in binding to oral Actinomyces species and to human fibronectin, and unable to colonize the oral cavities of mice. We now show further that surface fibrils 60.7 ± 14.5 nm long, which are present on wild-type S. gordonii DL1 (Challis) cells, bind CshA-specific antibodies and are absent from the cell surfaces ofcshA mutants. To more precisely determine the structural and functional properties of CshA, already inferred from insertional-mutagenesis experiments, we have cloned the entirecshA gene into the replicative plasmid pAM401 and expressed full-length CshA polypeptide on the cell surface of heterologousEnterococcus faecalis JH2-2. Enterococci expressing CshA exhibited a 30-fold increase in cell surface hydrophobicity overE. faecalis JH2-2 carrying the pAM401 vector alone and 2.4-fold-increased adhesion to human fibronectin. CshA expression inE. faecalis also promoted cell-cell aggregation and increased the ability of enterococci to bind Actinomyces naeslundii cells. Electron micrographs of negatively stainedE. faecalis cells expressing CshA showed peritrichous surface fibrils 70.3 ± 9.1 nm long that were absent from controlE. faecalis JH2-2(pAM401) cells. The fibrils bound CshA-specific antibodies, as detected by immunoelectron microscopy, and the antibodies inhibited the adhesion of E. faecalis cells to fibronectin. The results demonstrate that the CshA polypeptide is the structural and functional component of S. gordoniiadhesive fibrils, and they provide a molecular basis for past correlations of surface fibril production, cell surface hydrophobicity, and adhesion in species of oral “sanguis-like” streptococci.

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Coral-Associated Bacteria as a Promising Antibiofilm Agent against Methicillin-Resistant and -SusceptibleStaphylococcus aureusBiofilms

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2012/862374 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Shanmugaraj Gowrishankar ◽

Nyagwencha Duncun Mosioma ◽

Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian

Keyword(s):

Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽

Surface Hydrophobicity ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Significant Inhibition ◽

Antibiofilm Activity ◽

Adhesion Properties ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Cellular Components ◽

Promising Source

The current study deals with the evaluation of two coral-associated bacterial (CAB) extracts to inhibit the biofilm synthesisin vitroas well as the virulence production like hemolysin and exopolysaccharide (EPS), and also to assess their ability to modify the adhesion properties, that is cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and -susceptibleStaphylococcus aureus(MSSA). Out of nine CAB screened, the ethyl acetate extract of CAB-E2 (Bacillus firmus) and CAB-E4 (Vibrio parahemolyticus) have shown excellent antibiofilm activity againstS. aureus. CAB-E2 reduced the production of EPS (57–79%) and hemolysin (43–70%), which ultimately resulted in the significant inhibition of biofilms (80–87%) formed by both MRSA and MSSA. Similarly, CAB-E4 was also found to decrease the production of EPS (43–57%), hemolysin (43–57%) and biofilms (80–85%) of test pathogens. CLSM analysis also proved the antibiofilm efficacy of CAB extracts. Furthermore, the CAB extracts strongly decreased the CSH ofS. aureus. Additionally, FT-IR analysis ofS. aureustreated with CAB extracts evidenced the reduction in cellular components compared to their respective controls. Thus, the present study reports for the first time,B. firmus—a coral-associated bacterium, as a promising source of antibiofilm agent against the recalcitrant biofilms formed by multidrug resistantS. aureus.

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Releasable antimicrobial polymer-silk coatings for combating multidrug-resistant bacteria

Polymer Chemistry ◽

10.1039/d1py01219c ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Erna Wulandari ◽

Rachel Budhisatria ◽

Alexander H. Soeriyadi ◽

Mark Willcox ◽

Cyrille Boyer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Controlled Release ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Bacterial Biofilm ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽

Antimicrobial Polymers ◽

Planktonic Bacteria

Controlled release of synthetic cationic antimicrobial polymers from silk-based coating for preventing bacterial biofilm formation on the surface and for killing planktonic bacteria cells.

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Physicochemical, Mechanical, and Molecular Properties of Nonlysogenic and P22-Lysogenic Salmonella Typhimurium Treated with Citrus Oil

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-13-449 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 77 (5) ◽

pp. 758-764 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

JUHEE AHN ◽

JOSE ALEJANDRO ALMARIO ◽

SERAJUS SALAHEEN ◽

DEBABRATA BISWAS

Keyword(s):

Salmonella Typhimurium ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽

Surface Hydrophobicity ◽

Bacterial Attachment ◽

Swarming Motility ◽

Heat Treated ◽

Noticeable Reduction ◽

Lysogenic Conversion ◽

Sublethal Concentrations

The aim of this study was to evaluate the phenotypic and genotypic properties of nonlysogenic Salmonella Typhimurium (STP22−) and lysogenic Salmonella Typhimurium (STP22+) in the presence of sublethal concentrations (SLC2D) of citrus essential oils (CEOs), which were used to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility, cell surface hydrophobicity, autoaggregation ability, bacterial motility, lysogenic conversion, gene expression patterns, and antibiofilm formation. The SLC2D values of non–heat-treated (N-CEO) and heat-treated (H-CEO) CEO in an autoclave at 121°C for 20 min were 2.0 to 2.1 mg/ml against STP22− and 1.7 to 1.9 mg/ml against STP22+. The rates of injured STP22− and STP22+ cells treated with SLC2D of N-CEO and H-CEO ranged from 67 to 83%. The hydrophobicity and autoaggregation were decreased to 2.5 and 19.5% for STP22− and 4.7 and 21.7% for STP22+, respectively, in the presence of N-CEO. A noticeable reduction in the swarming motility was observed in STP22− with N-CEO (14.5%) and H-CEO (13.3%). The numbers of CEO-induced P22 were 5.40 log PFU/ml for N-CEO and 5.65 log PFU/ml for H-CEO. The relative expression of hilA, hilC, hilD, invA, invC, invE, invF, sirA, and sirB was down-regulated in STP22− and STP22+ with N-CEO and H-CEO. The numbers of adherent STP22− and STP22+ were effectively reduced by more than 1 log in the presence of CEO. These results suggest that CEO has potential to be used to control bacterial attachment, colonization, and invasion.

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In VitroCytotoxic Effects of Gold Nanoparticles Coated with Functional Acyl Homoserine Lactone Lactonase Protein from Bacillus licheniformis and Their Antibiofilm Activity against Proteus Species

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.03047-14 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 763-771 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Gopalakrishnan Vinoj ◽

Rashmirekha Pati ◽

Avinash Sonawane ◽

Baskaralingam Vaseeharan

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Bacillus Licheniformis ◽

Bacterial Colonization ◽

Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽

Homoserine Lactone ◽

Surface Hydrophobicity ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Host Cells ◽

Antibiofilm Activity ◽

Content Type

ABSTRACTN-acylated homoserine lactonases are known to inhibit the signaling molecules of the biofilm-forming pathogens. In this study, gold nanoparticles were coated with N-acylated homoserine lactonase proteins (AiiA AuNPs) purified fromBacillus licheniformis. The AiiA AuNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectra, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The synthesized AiiA AuNPs were found to be spherical in shape and 10 to 30 nm in size. Treatment with AiiA protein-coated AuNPs showed maximum reduction in exopolysaccharide production, metabolic activities, and cell surface hydrophobicity and potent antibiofilm activity against multidrug-resistantProteusspecies compared to treatment with AiiA protein alone. AiiA AuNPs exhibited potent antibiofilm activity at 2 to 8 μM concentrations without being harmful to the macrophages. We conclude that at a specific dose, AuNPs coated with AiiA can kill bacteria without harming the host cells, thus representing a potential template for the design of novel antibiofilm and antibacterial protein drugs to decrease bacterial colonization and to overcome the problem of drug resistance. In summary, our data suggest that the combined effect of the lactonase and the gold nanoparticles of the AiiA AuNPs has promising antibiofilm activity against biofilm-forming and multidrug-resistantProteusspecies.

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PhSeZnCl in the Synthesis of Steroidal β-Hydroxy-Phenylselenides Having Antibacterial Activity

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20092121 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (9) ◽

pp. 2121 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jastrzebska ◽

Mellea ◽

Salerno ◽

Grzes ◽

Siergiejczyk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Ring Opening ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Bacterial Biofilm ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽

Ring Opening Reaction

We report here the reaction of in situ prepared PhSeZnCl with steroid derivatives having an epoxide as an electrophilic functionalization. The corresponding ring-opening reaction resulted to be regio- and stereoselective affording to novel phenylselenium-substituted steroids. Assessment of their antibacterial properties against multidrug-resistant bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa Xen 5 strain, indicates an interesting bactericidal activity and their ability to prevent bacterial biofilm formation.

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Plant components affect bacterial biofilm development by altering their cell surface physicochemical properties: a predictability study using Actinomyces naeslundii

FEMS Microbiology Ecology ◽

10.1093/femsec/fiaa217 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yi Wang ◽

Lakshman P Samaranayake ◽

Gary A Dykes

Keyword(s):

Cell Surface ◽

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽

Surface Hydrophobicity ◽

Bacterial Biofilm ◽

Actinomyces Naeslundii ◽

Surface Physicochemical Properties ◽

Biofilm Development ◽

The Impact

Abstract We hypothesized that the initial events leading to biofilm formation by bacteria, in general, are predominantly mediated by cell surface physicochemical interactions, and that natural products can impact the process by altering cell surface physicochemical properties. We exemplified this phenomenon using Actinomyces naeslundii as the model organism, and using tea products to modify its cell surface physicochemical properties. To test the hypothesis, a non-linear multiple regression model incorporating a normal distribution curve was constructed to explain the impact of tea extracts on the physiochemical processes of biofilm formation by A. naeslundii. The model utilized tea extract-induced changes in cell surface physicochemical properties as independent variables, and the corresponding biofilm formation as a dependent variable. Five different tea extracts were used to treat A. naeslundii, and their impact on the cell surface hydrophobicity, charge, auto-aggregation, attachment and biofilm formation on four different hard surfaces were measured and the data were used to construct the model. The established model was then tested in independent experiments involving other plant extracts and purified phytochemicals. Experimental results showed that the tea extracts significantly reduced cell surface hydrophobicity (by up to 21.3%), increased cell surface charge and auto-aggregation (by up to 4.5 mV and 14.9%, respectively), inhibited attachment (by 0.6–2.5 log CFU cm−2) and affected biofilm formation (by up to 0.6 log CFU cm−2). The model indicated that both cell surface hydrophobicity and charge played an important role in bacterial auto-aggregation and attachment, and that the latter two phenomena significantly correlated with subsequent biofilm development. The accuracy of the model construct was approximately 64%. This modelling approach can be employed for other microbial colonization systems to predict biofilm formation, and to study the impact of cell surface physicochemical properties in biofilm development.

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