Bioactive Lipids of Seaweeds from the Portuguese North Coast: Health Benefits versus Potential Contamination

The total lipid content and lipidic profile of seaweeds harvested in the North Coast and purchased in Portugal were determined in this paper. The amount of total lipids in the different species of seaweeds varied between 0.7 ± 0.1% (Chondrus crispus) and 3.8 ± 0.6% (Ulva spp.). Regarding the fatty acid content, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ranged between 0–35%, with Ulva spp. presenting the highest amount; monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) varied between 19 and 67%; and saturated fatty acids (SFA) were predominant in C. crispus (45–78%) and Gracilaria spp. (36–79%). Concerning the nutritional indices, the atherogenicity index (AI) was between 0.4–3.2, the thrombogenicity index (TI) ranged from 0.04 to 1.95, except for Gracilaria spp., which had a TI of 7.6, and the hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratio (HH) values ranged between 0.88–4.21, except for Gracilaria spp., which exhibited values between 0.22–9.26. The n6/n3 ratio was below 1 for most of the species evaluated, except for Ascophyllum nodosum, which presented a higher value, although below 2. Considering the PUFA/SFA ratio, seaweeds presented values between 0.11–1.02. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and aliphatic hydrocarbons (AHCs) contamination of seaweeds under study was also quantified, the values found being much lower than the maximum levels recommended for foodstuff.

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The use of oats in diets for dairy cows as a means of reducing the saturated fatty acid content of milk fat

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) ◽

10.1017/s0308229600017128 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 1988 ◽

pp. 74-74

Author(s):

P.A. Martin ◽

P.C. Thomas

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Previous Experiment ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Saturated Fatty Acid Content ◽

Fat Composition ◽

The Individual ◽

The Uk

It is well established that the proportion of saturated fatty acids in cows milk fat can be reduced by dietary inclusion of fats containing a large proportion of C18 fatty acids. Regardless of the individual C18 acids added to the diet, because unsaturated C18 fatty acids are biohydrogenated in the rumen it is principally the amount of 18:0 absorbed by the animal which is increased. This leads to increased mammary uptake and desaturation of 18:0 and to the secretion in milk of greater amounts of 18:0 and 18:1 fatty acids. Intramammary synthesis of 6:0-16:0 fatty acids is concurrently reduced. Of the cereals grown in the UK, oats contain relatively large amounts of C18 fatty acids. For this reason we have examined the potential of dietary inclusion of oats as a simple and inexpensive means of manipulating milk fat composition. In a previous experiment in which hay-based diets were given replacement of barley with oats reduced the saturated (6:0-18:0) fatty acids in milk fat from 753 to 619 g/kg and increased the monounsaturated fatty acids from 211 to 344 g/kg milk fat.

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Chemical and fatty acid composition of milk from crossbred cows subjected to feed restriction

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2019.v54.00051 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

Author(s):

Deiyse Alves Silva ◽

Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Júnior ◽

José Reinaldo Mendes Ruas ◽

Pedro Felipe Santana ◽

Luana Alcântara Borges ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Feed Restriction ◽

Dry Extract ◽

Acid Ratio

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical composition and fatty acid profile of milk from F1 Holstein/Zebu cows in different lactation periods, when receiving different levels of dietary supply in percentage of body weight. Sixty cows were evaluated, with five levels of dietary supply and three lactation periods. The levels of dietary supply had no effect on the production of milk corrected to 3.5% fat (12.25 kg per day). There was also no effect of dietary supply levels, in the different lactation periods, on contents of fat (3.34%), protein (3.41%), lactose (4.60%), total solids (12.0%), defatted dry extract (8.80%), and urinary nitrogen (14.5 mg dL-1), nor on somatic cell count (89.98 mL-1). As the dietary supply level was reduced, the sum of saturated fatty acids in milk was decreased in up to 9.15% and that of monounsaturated fatty acids was increased in up to 25.28%. Feed restriction does not alter the chemical composition of milk, but improves its quality of fat by reducing saturated fatty acid content, increasing the concentration of monounsaturated and desirable fatty acids in up to 54%, and increasing the hypo- and hypercholesterolemic fatty acid ratio in up to 168.97%.

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Effects of Sowing Season on Agronomic Traits and Fatty Acid Metabolic Profiling in Three Brassica napus L. Cultivars

Metabolites ◽

10.3390/metabo9020037 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 37 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xiaoyi Li ◽

Lintao Wu ◽

Guoliang Qiu ◽

Tao Wang ◽

Chunhong Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Oleic Acid ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Brassica Napus ◽

Metabolic Profiling ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Human Consumption

Decreasing saturated fatty acids and increasing monounsaturated fatty acids are desirable to improve oil for food. Seed oil content and fatty acid composition are affected by genotype and environment. Therefore, we systematically analyzed the agronomic traits and fatty acid metabolic profiling of Brassica napus (B. napus) seeds at different developmental stages in high level of oleic acid (HOA), medium level of oleic acid (MOA), and low level of oleic acid (LOA) B. napus cultivars, both sown in winter and summer. The results showed that all winter-sown cultivars produced 20% more seed yield than the summer-sown crop. The longer growing period of winter-sown B. napus resulted in higher biomass production. However, the fatty acid metabolism of individual cultivars was different between winter-sown rape (WAT) and summer-sown rape (SAT). The absolute fatty acid content of LOA and MOA cultivars in WAT were significantly higher than that in SAT, but that of HOA was opposite. Importantly, the levels of monounsaturated fatty acids (18:1; 20:1) in SAT were far more than those in WAT. These data indicate the quality of oil from the HOA in SAT is more suitable for human consumption than that in WAT.

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PROFIL ASAM LEMAK MINYAK IKAN SELAR (Selaroides leptolesis) DENGAN BERBAGAI LEVEL PENAMBAHAN BUBUK KEMANGI (Ocimum bacilicum)

KAUDERNI : Journal of Fisheries, Marine and Aquatic Science ◽

10.47384/kauderni.v2i2.50 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 147-152

Author(s):

Minarny Gobel ◽

Anita Treisya Aristawati ◽

Steven Yoputra

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Fish Oil ◽

Profile Analysis ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Chemistry Laboratory ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

This study aimed to know the profile and composition of fatty acid consisting of polyunsaturated fatty acid content (PUFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), and saturated fatty acid (SFA) in selar fish oil (selaroides leptolesis) with various levels of basil powder (Ocimum basilicum)². The research was conducted at the Animal Product Technology Laboratory, Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Fisheries of Tadulako University. The research using 4 treatments and 3 replications with treatment M0 = 10 ml fish oil + 0% Basil Powder, M1 = 10 ml fish oil + 2% Basil Powder, M2 = 10 ml fish oil + 4% Basil Powder, M3 = 10 ml fish oil + 6% Basil Powder, each treatment repeated 3 times so that there are 12 experimental units. Fatty acid profile analysis using GCMS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry), conducted in Organic Chemistry Laboratory of Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences UGM Jogjakarta. The results of this study showed that 10 ml fish oil with various levels of basil powder added 18 types of fatty acids belonging to polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and saturated fatty acids (SFA). It can be concluded that the addition of 6% powder of basil can defend SFA and increase MUFA and PUFA.

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Analysis of Fatty Acids in Breastmilk During a 9-month Lactation Period Using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS)

International Journal of Health Science and Technology ◽

10.31101/ijhst.v2i1.1830 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Titin Aryani ◽

Dwi Ernawati ◽

Henny Parida Hutapea

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Acid Content ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Lactation Period ◽

Omega 6

Breastmilk is very much needed to meet the needs of babies in every way because it contains important nutrients, carbohydrates in the form of lactose, and fatty acids in the form of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Research on fatty acid content in breastmilk with a lactation period of 9 months is needed to provide information to the public related to fatty acid content of breastmilk during 9 months lactation. The study is to analyze fatty acid content in the form of saturated fatty acids or unsaturated fat contained in breast milk. Breastmilk taken in the study was as much as 50 ml in a 250 ml erlenmeyer solution. To the sample 50 ml of concentrated, HCL concentration was added as much as 5 m and then the solution was beat for 15 minutes and was exposed ultrasonic therapy for 1 hour. The solution was then extracted using n-hexane and aquabidest solution until the milk oil solution was separated. Milk oil was extracted by adding 50 ml of Na2SO4 1 m then deciphere was performed. The breastmilk milk extraction oil was weighed 0.1 gram in a Teflon-filled reaction tube. A 15% BF3 solution in methanol was added 0.5 ml and then was heated in an air bath with a temperature of 45 ° C for 30 minutes. After cooling, solution of 0.2 ml of n-hexane was added to form two layers. The upper layer which was fatty acid methyl ester was taken by using syringe and then was injected in GC-MS. In this study, the total saturated fatty acid was 42.54% and the total unsaturated fatty acid was 57.17%. Saturated fatty acids consisted of lauric, myristic, palmitate, and stearate. Omega-6 fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids consisted of omega-9 fatty acids. In Mother's Milk with 9 months lactation period there are various fatty acid content of both saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids (omega-9) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-6).

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Effect of season on the fatty acid profile of total lipids, phospholipids and triacylglycerols in Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Atatürk Dam Lake, Turkey)

Grasas y Aceites ◽

10.3989/gya.1108172 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

pp. 242 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. Kaçar ◽

M. Başhan ◽

S. A. Oymak

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Total Lipid ◽

Lipid Content ◽

Palmitoleic Acid ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Total Lipid Content ◽

Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Total Lipids ◽

Atatürk Dam Lake

The present study investigated the lipid content and FA profiles of total lipids, phospholipids (PL) and triacylglycerols (TAG) of Mastacembelus mastacembelus from the Atatürk Dam Lake (Turkey). The results showed that the total lipid content of the dorsal muscle varied seasonally from 0.50% to 3.59%. Wide ranges of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) (36.21 to 50.52%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (25.22 to 42.02%) were found in the PL fraction. However, higher monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) (37.63 to 45.07%) and SFA (34.71 to 38.82%) were found in TAG (triacylglycerol). The ratios of ω-3 to ω-6 PUFA ranged from 0.65 to 1.32 and 1.07 to 3.48 in PL (phospholipid) and TAG fraction, respectively. The results also showed that the major components were palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid (C18:1ω-9), palmitoleic acid (C16:1ω-7), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6ω-3), arachidonic acid (AA, C20:4ω-6) and docosapentaenoic acid (C22:5ω-3) in total lipid, C16:0, C18:1ω-9, AA and DHA in PL, C16:0, C16:1ω-7, C18:1ω-9, linoleic acid (LA, C18:2ω-6), and DHA in TAG extracted from the muscle of M. mastacembelus in all seasons.

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Oilseeds native to the Cerrado have fatty acid profile beneficial for cardiovascular health

Revista de Nutrição ◽

10.1590/1678-98652016000600010 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (6) ◽

pp. 859-866 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Aline Medeiros ALVES ◽

Daniela Canuto FERNANDES ◽

Jullyana Freitas BORGES ◽

Amanda Goulart de Oliveira SOUSA ◽

Maria Margareth Veloso NAVES

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Fatty Acid Profile ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Esters ◽

Brazil Nut ◽

Cashew Nut ◽

Edible Seeds

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess and compare the fatty acid composition of edible seeds and a nut native to the Cerrado (Brazilian savannah) to that of traditional oilseeds. Methods: Baru almonds, Cerrado cashew nuts, and pequi almonds were extracted from the fruits using appropriate equipment. All edible seeds and nuts were roasted, except for the Brazil nut. The sample lipids were extracted via cold pressing. The fatty acids were esterified, and the fatty acid esters were analyzed by gas chromatography. Results: The native and traditional edible seeds and nuts contain mostly monounsaturated fatty acids (42.72 g to 63.44 g/100 g), except for the Brazil nut, which showed predominance of polyunsaturated fatty acids (45.48 g/100 g). Pequi almond had the highest saturated fatty acid content (36.14 g/100 g). The fatty acids with the highest concentration were oleic and linoleic acids, and palmitic acid was also found in considerable concentration in the oilseeds studied. The Cerrado cashew nut and the traditional cashew nut have similar fatty acid profiles. As for the ratio of ω-6 to ω-3, the baru almond showed the highest ratio, 9:1, which was the closest to the recommended intake of these fatty acids. Conclusion: The fatty acid profile of the edible seeds and nuts native to the cerrado is similar to those of traditional oilseeds. We suggest the inclusion of native oilseeds in the diet aiming at reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, especially the baru almond and the cerrado cashew nut, due to the fact they have high ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids.

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Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Lipids Extracted from Arctoscopus japonicus Eggs on LPS-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md17100580 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (10) ◽

pp. 580

Author(s):

Weerawan Rod-in ◽

Chaiwat Monmai ◽

Sang-min Lee ◽

Seok-Kyu Jung ◽

SangGuan You ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Cold Water ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

No Production ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Arctoscopus japonicus is a cold-water marine fish. The present study investigated the fatty acid composition of A. japonicus egg lipids and their anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-stimulated RAW246.7 macrophages. The results showed that A. japonicus egg lipids contained primarily polyunsaturated fatty acids (52.9% of the total fatty acid content; mostly eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA, 21.2 ± 0.5%] and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA, 25.9 ± 0.1%]), followed by monounsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids (23.7% and 23.4%, respectively). A. japonicus egg lipids significantly decreased nitric oxide (NO) production and suppressed the expression of immune-associated genes such as iNOS, COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α LPS-stimulated RAW246.7 macrophages in dose-dependent manner. A. japonicus egg lipids also reduced the phosphorylation levels of NF-κB p-65, p38, ERK1/2, and JNK, key components of the NF-κB and MAPK pathways, suggesting that the lipid-induced anti-inflammatory activity is related to these signaling pathways. These results indicate that the lipids extracted from A. japonicus eggs have potential biofunctions and might be useful for regulating inflammation in macrophages.

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STUDI PERBANDINGAN PROFIL ASAM LEMAK PADA IKAN SIDAT (Anguilla marmorata) DAN SIDAT (Anguilla bicolor) ASAL DANAU POSO KABUPATEN POSO PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGAH

Biocelebes ◽

10.22487/bioceb.v14i1.15089 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 79-93

Author(s):

Dewi Muhtiani ◽

Nurlina Ibrahim ◽

Jamaluddin Jamaluddin

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Chromatography Method ◽

Anguilla Marmorata ◽

Two Samples

Sidat fish (Anguilla marmorata) and Sidat fish (Anguilla bicolor) originate from Poso lake are endemic fish of Central Sulawesi but unknown its nutritional content. This study aims to determine the type, amount of composition and differences in the composition of fatty acids in Sidat fish (Anguilla marmorata) and Sidat fish (Anguilla bicolor). Testing fatty acid composition using Gas Chromatography method by converting fat extraction result into FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) form. The results showed that the amount of fatty acid content was not significant between the two samples. The fatty acid compositions found in Sidat (Anguilla marmorata) A, B and C fish include saturated fatty acids (2.62%), (2.81%), and (2.6%), monounsaturated fatty acids (1.98% ), (1.99%), and (10.1%), compound unsaturated fatty acids (0.635%), (0.812%), and (2.56%), mean while Sidat fish (Anguilla bicolor) A, B and C include saturated fatty acids (2.7%), (2.86%), and (12.704%), monounsaturated fatty acids (1.99%), (2.52%), (10.147%), and fatty acids unsaturated compounds (0.693%), (0.86%), and (2.615%).

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Lipid and fatty acid profile of liver in relation to reproduction in the small-scaled terapon Terapon puta (Cuvier, 1829) from Pondicherry Coast, India

Indian Journal of Fisheries ◽

10.21077/ijf.2018.65.2.69320-13 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 65 ◽

Author(s):

R. Nandikeswari ◽

M. Sambasivam

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Fatty Acid Profile ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽

Total Lipid ◽

Lipid Content ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Total Lipid Content ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids

The total lipid content as percentage of dry weight of liver of Terapon puta (Cuvier, 1829) varied at four different stages viz., immature, maturing, mature and spent stages of reproduction. Highest levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA) was recorded in the liver of mature fishes (50.71%) followed by maturing (48.03%) and the lowest in immature fishes (38.91%). Highest levels of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were observed in the liver of maturing fishes (37.07%) followed by mature (34.09%) and the lowest levels in immature fishes (30.48%). Maturing fishes had higher liver polyunsaturated fatty acid levels (PUFA) (13.54%), compared to immature (10.55%) and mature fishes (10.17%).

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