The Response of Antioxidant System of Drought-Stressed Green Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Affected by Watering and Foliar Spray with Silica Nanoparticles

Abiotic stress caused by drought impairs plant growth and reduces yields. This study aimed to investigate the impact of silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) through the adverse effects of drought on the growth, oxidative stress, and antioxidative response of pea ‘Respect’. Pea plants were grown in a greenhouse before being watered (100 ± 1 mL per pot) or foliar sprayed (ca. 14 ± 0.5 mL plant−1) with suspensions containing SiO2 NPs (0, 12.5 ppm, 25 ppm, and 50 ppm) and were exposed to drought stress for 10 days. Drought stress was created by maintaining 30% of the soil moisture while the control was 80%. The growth parameters of pea grown under drought stress conditions were improved by spraying or watering plants with SiO2 NPs (12.5, 25, and 50 ppm). At drought stress, peas treated with SiO2 NPs (50 ppm) increased their relative water content by 29%, specific leaf area by 17%, and decreased root/shoot ratio by 4% as compared to plant non-treated with SiO2 NPs. In addition, spraying or watering of SiO2 NPs increased peas tolerance to drought by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes at least three times including catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase, as well as reducing hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation in plant tissue. It was observed the increase in total phenolic compounds and non-enzymatic antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP) in peas treated with SiO2 NPs under drought stress. The physiological response of peas to drought and the effects of SiO2 NPs studied in this experiment based on the use of the concentration of 50 ppm nanoparticles can protect peas from the damaging effects of drought and could help reduce global food shortages.

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Combined Use of Endophytic Bacteria and Pre-Sowing Treatment of Thiamine Mitigates the Adverse Effects of Drought Stress in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13126582 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 6582

Author(s):

Syeda Fasiha Amjad ◽

Nida Mansoora ◽

Samia Yaseen ◽

Afifa Kamal ◽

Beenish Butt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Crop Production ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Population Expansion ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Effects Of Drought ◽

The Impact

On a global scale, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a widely cultivated crop among all cereals. Increasing pollution, population expansion, socio-economic development, ecological and industrial policies have induced changes in overall climatic attributes. The impact of these factors on agriculture dynamics has led to various biotic and abiotic stresses, i.e., significant decline in rainfall, directly affect sustainable agriculture. Increasing abiotic stresses have a direct negative effect on worldwide crop production. More promising and improved stress-tolerant strategies that can help to feed the increasing global population are required. A laboratory experiment was performed on two of the latest wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes (Akbar 2019 and Anaj 2017) from Punjab Pakistan, to determine the influence of seed priming with thiamine (vitamin B1) along with soil inoculation of Endophytic bacterial strains to mitigate the effects of drought stress at different degrees. Results revealed that thiamine helped in the remote germination; seeds of Anaj 2017 germinated within 16 hours while Akbar 2019 germinated after one day. Overall growth parameters of Anaj 2017 were negatively affected even under higher levels of drought stress, while Akbar 2019 proved to be a susceptible cultivar. A significant increase in RFW (54%), SFW (85%), RDW (69%), SDW (67%) and TChl (136%) validated the effectiveness of D-T3 compared to C-T0 in drought stress. Significant decrease in MDA, EL and H2O2 signified the imperative function of D-T3 over C-T0 under drought stress. In conclusion and recommendation, we declare that farmers can get better wheat growth under drought stress by application of D-T3 over C-T0.

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Effects of drought stress on growth parameters, enzyme activities and proline content in chickpea genotypes

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v44i2.38505 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 177-183 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Emine Gökmen ◽

Ercan Ceyhan

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Water Content ◽

Stress Condition ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Absorption Capacity ◽

Proline Content ◽

Water Absorption Capacity ◽

Relative Water ◽

Chlorophyll A And B ◽

Effects Of Drought

Drought stress decreased leaf water absorption capacity and real water content and increase relative water content in genotypes of chickpea. It decreased chlorophyll a and b content. Drought increased peroxidase superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase in stress groups. Proline content increased drastically index stress condition.

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Impact of Exogenous Applications of Salicylic Acid on the Tolerance to Drought Stress in Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.) Plants

10.21203/rs.3.rs-116192/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

zahra khazaei ◽

Asghar Estaji

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Salicylic Acid ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Field Capacity ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Sweet Pepper ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Pepper Plant ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Relative Water

Abstract Background: Drought is also one of the most widespread abiotic stresses that adversely effects the growth and development of plants. To investigate the effect of salicylic acid and drought stress on several physiological and chemical reactions in sweet pepper plants, the experiment was achieved as a factorial based on a completely randomized design in greenhouse. Drought stress levels were non-stress conditions (irrigation with field capacity), moderate stress (30% field capacity irrigation) and intense water stress (60% field capacity irrigation) and three concentrations of salicylic acid included 0 (as control), 0.5 and 1 mM were sprayed on the plant in three to four leaf stages. Results: The results showed that drought decreased fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots, leaf relative water content (RWC), fruit diameter and length, the index including chlorophyll and leaf area and increased electrical conductivity (EC), antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, ascorbate, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity. After application of foliar salicylic acid, all of the above parameters, except the electrical conductivity content, increased. Conclusions: From the results of this experiment it is concluded that salicylic acid provides a better tolerance for drought stress in pepper plant through its influence on vegetative, biochemical and physiological characteristics.

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PEG 6000-Stimulated Drought Stress Improves the Attributes of In Vitro Growth, Steviol Glycosides Production, and Antioxidant Activities in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9111552 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 1552

Author(s):

Muhammad Arslan Ahmad ◽

Rabia Javed ◽

Muhammad Adeel ◽

Muhammad Rizwan ◽

Yuesuo Yang

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Steviol Glycosides ◽

Peg 6000

This study addresses the favourable effects of drought stress imposed by polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 on the micropropagated shoots of Stevia rebaudiana. Various concentrations, i.e., 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4% of PEG 6000 were applied to the nodal shoot explants for four weeks, and the influence produced on shoots growth parameters, bioactive steviol glycosides (rebaudioside A and stevioside), and nonenzymatic antioxidant activities (total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total reducing power (TRP) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)-free radical scavenging activity (FRSA)) was elucidated. The significantly highest yield (92.4% direct shoot organogenesis) and secondary metabolites (2.94% Reb A, 2.52% ST, 95.3% DPPH-FRSA, 15.0% TPC, 13.0 µg/mg TFC, 22.3 µg/mg TAC, and 19.8 µg/mg TRP) production in response to abiotic stress elicitors was obtained in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium treatment provided with 4% of PEG 6000. The overall trend was significant enhancement of growth dynamics and pharmaceutical compounds from control to 4% of PEG 6000 concentration as a defensive response against reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in excess by water deficit. This is a very promising study to be employed in bioreactors to get markedly enhanced content of compounds of medicinal importance in the pharmaceutical market.

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Research Progress and Perspective on Drought Stress in Legumes: A Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20102541 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (10) ◽

pp. 2541 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Muhammad Nadeem ◽

Jiajia Li ◽

Muhammad Yahya ◽

Alam Sher ◽

Chuanxi Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Nutrient Uptake ◽

Nutrient Management ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽

Net Photosynthesis ◽

Research Progress ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

The Impact

Climate change, food shortage, water scarcity, and population growth are some of the threatening challenges being faced in today’s world. Drought stress (DS) poses a constant challenge for agricultural crops and has been considered a severe constraint for global agricultural productivity; its intensity and severity are predicted to increase in the near future. Legumes demonstrate high sensitivity to DS, especially at vegetative and reproductive stages. They are mostly grown in the dry areas and are moderately drought tolerant, but severe DS leads to remarkable production losses. The most prominent effects of DS are reduced germination, stunted growth, serious damage to the photosynthetic apparatus, decrease in net photosynthesis, and a reduction in nutrient uptake. To curb the catastrophic effect of DS in legumes, it is imperative to understand its effects, mechanisms, and the agronomic and genetic basis of drought for sustainable management. This review highlights the impact of DS on legumes, mechanisms, and proposes appropriate management approaches to alleviate the severity of water stress. In our discussion, we outline the influence of water stress on physiological aspects (such as germination, photosynthesis, water and nutrient uptake), growth parameters and yield. Additionally, mechanisms, various management strategies, for instance, agronomic practices (planting time and geometry, nutrient management), plant growth-promoting Rhizobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculation, quantitative trait loci (QTLs), functional genomics and advanced strategies (CRISPR-Cas9) are also critically discussed. We propose that the integration of several approaches such as agronomic and biotechnological strategies as well as advanced genome editing tools is needed to develop drought-tolerant legume cultivars.

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Effects of drought stress and rewatering on antioxidant systems and relative water content in different growth stages of maize (Zea maysL.) hybrids

Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science ◽

10.1080/03650340.2014.943198 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 61 (4) ◽

pp. 493-506 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Maryam Goodarzian Ghahfarokhi ◽

Syrus Mansurifar ◽

Ruhollah Taghizadeh-Mehrjardi ◽

Mohsen Saeidi ◽

Amir Mohammad Jamshidi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Water Content ◽

Relative Water Content ◽

Antioxidant Systems ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Relative Water ◽

Effects Of Drought ◽

Different Growth Stages

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Azolla as an Alternative of Mineral Nitrogen for Chamomile Plant (Matricaria chamomilla L.) Fertilization in Sandy Soil

Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition ◽

10.9734/ajsspn/2019/v5i430074 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Kawthar, A. E. Rabie ◽

M. H. El-Sherif ◽

R. M. El-Shahat ◽

Fatma, S. I. Ali

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Sandy Soil ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Maximum Growth ◽

Volatile Oil ◽

Mineral Nitrogen ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Nitrate And Nitrite

Two pot experiments were carried out during the two successive seasons of 2010/2011 and 2011/ 2012 to apply mineral nitrogen and/or Azolla at different methods of addition with a reduction of mineral nitrogen fertilizer and its effect on vegetative growth, the yield of inflorescences, total phenolic concentration, antioxidant activity, nitrate and nitrite concentrations and the volatile oil concentrations and composition of chamomile inflorescences in sandy soil. Data indicated that dry Azolla (DA) treatments increased significantly plant height, number of branches/plant, shoot fresh and dry weights and number of inflorescences/plant against the rest treatments. It is clear that DA singly induced maximum growth parameters in both seasons and the reverse was true with fresh Azolla (FA) alone. It is obvious that DA achieved the highest total phenolic concentrations, antioxidant activity and volatile oil (VO) concentrations, and the opposite response was true for nitrate & nitrite concentrations. Addition of 50% ammonium nitrate to 50% FA or 50% Azolla extract as foliar (spray Azolla) SA have positive effect on chemical constituents except nitrate and nitrite concentrations. It is evident that the highest chamazulene and α ̶ bisabolol oxide ̶ B were achieved with DA and the reverse was true for α ̶ bisabolol oxide ̶ A. Dry Azolla treatment alone was the most efficient one in increasing the yield production with increment in active substances of chamomile plant in sandy soil.

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Screening of Mungbean Genotypes under Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Induced Drought Stress Condition

Annual Research & Review in Biology ◽

10.9734/arrb/2020/v35i230184 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Abdullah All Imtiaz ◽

Saleh Ahmed Shahriar ◽

Md. Abdullahil Baque ◽

Most. Nurjahan Khatun Eaty ◽

Maliha Rahman Falguni

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Water Retention ◽

Stress Condition ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Water Retention Capacity ◽

Retention Capacity ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Root Shoot Ratio ◽

Relative Water ◽

Drought Stress Condition

Sixteen advance genotypes of mungbeans under 5 different concentrations of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) were studied to find out the better cultivar against drought stress condition. The experiment results revealed that germination, seedling production and water-related behavior of mungbean genotypes differed significantly under different PEG (drought inducer) concentrations. The mungbean genotype BINA Mung-6 (V8) is proved as highly tolerant against drought stress condition among all other tested genotypes. The results of the investigation revealed that BINA Mung-6 (V8) genotype consistently scored the highest value for all parameters except for the root shoot ratio and water retention capacity that was statistically comparable to genotypes BARI Mung-4 (V2) and BINA Mung-5 (V7). Consistently poor performance were recorded from IPM-02-03 (V16) genotype which is statistically similar as genotypes BMXK1-09015-2 (V13) and BMXK1-09015-6 (V10). The maximum percentage of germination (98.12%), shoot length (139.40 mm), root length (99.07 mm), shoot dry weight (22.32 mg), root dry weight (6.88 mg), relative water content (94.78), water retention capacity (24.98), germination co-efficient (22.27) and vigor index (233.90) were reported from BINA Mung-6 (V8) at a concentration of 0 percent PEG. The minimum percentage of germination (28.22 percent), shoot length (31.17 mm), root length (16.50 mm), shoot dry weight (2.21 mg), root dry weight (0.97 mg), relative water content (25.55), water retention capacity (3.08), germination co-efficient (6.06) and vigor index (13.45) were reported from IPM-02-03 (V16) mungbean advance lines at 0 percent PEG. Maximum (0.92) root shoot ratio was recorded from both BARI Mung-8 (V6) and BMX-08011-2 (V11) mungbean genotypes at 20 percent PEG concentration and minimum (0.22) at 0 percent PEG concentration from BARI Mung-5 (V3) genotype. Maximum water retention capacity (74.45) was recorded at 20 per cent PEG concentration from IPM-02-03 (V16) genotype and minimum (5.22) was at 0 per cent PEG concentration from BINA Mung-6 (V8) genotype.

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Effects of drought stress on the water relations in Brassica species

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps93-071 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 73 (2) ◽

pp. 525-529 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Allen G. Good ◽

James L. Maclagan

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Osmotic Potential ◽

Relative Water Content ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Brassica Species ◽

Leaf Osmotic Potential ◽

Drought Conditions ◽

Relative Water ◽

Effects Of Drought

The physiological responses of different species of Brassica to induced drought stress were studied by analysing the relationships between relative water content, leaf water potential and leaf osmotic potential during the onset of drought stress. These data indicate that while there was a decrease in leaf osmotic potential with the onset of drought stress, this did not result from a net increase in solutes. Therefore, these genotypes of Brassica do not appear able to osmoregulate under these drought conditions. Key words: Brassica, drought, osmoregulation, water stress

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Assessing Drought Effects on Banana Production and On-Farm Coping Strategies by Farmers – A Study in the Cattle Corridor of Uganda

10.21203/rs.3.rs-867469/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Moureen Nansamba ◽

Julia Sibiya ◽

Robooni Tumuhimbise ◽

Walter Ocimati ◽

Enoch Kikulwe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Government Support ◽

Small Scale ◽

Leaf Production ◽

Banana Production ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Effects Of Drought ◽

The Impact ◽

Drought Effects

Abstract Drought is a major threat to banana production in Uganda, leading to large yield losses. This study documented drought effects on banana production and identified farmers’ coping strategies to mitigate the impact of droughts. Interviews were conducted in eight districts, randomly selected from banana-growing districts in Uganda’s cattle corridor, characterised by frequent droughts. Data were collected from 120 respondents/farms. Banana production in the study area was dominated by small-scale farmers, growing mostly a combination of cooking and dessert banana types. Among the 15 identified effects of drought stress on banana growth, reduced bunch weight, wilting and drying of leaves, reduced leaf production and reduced number of fingers and clusters were the most reported. ‘Mpologoma’ and ‘FHIA 17’ cultivars were reported as the most and least affected by drought stress, respectively. Although the cattle corridor is prone to recurrent droughts, the deployment of drought coping strategies was mostly low, with farmers using one to three strategies. A total of 12 drought mitigation practices were used across the cattle corridor, with mulching being the most common option. Irrigation was perceived as the most effective mitigation option though its deployment was limited by water scarcity and the high cost of water pumps. This study suggests the need for government support in drought stress mitigation practices and the development of drought-tolerant cultivars by breeders. Additionally, farmers need to prioritise preventive coping strategies like planting drought-tolerant cultivars, irrigation, mulching, and manure application and ensure the appropriate time of deployment of mitigation practices.

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