scholarly journals Healthly Urban Environmental Features for Poverty Resilience: The Case of Detroit, USA

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6982
Author(s):  
Patricia Leandro-Reguillo ◽  
Amy L. Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
The United States ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Socioeconomic Outcomes ◽  
Mixed Use ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Distribution Mapping ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Household Incomes

Within the existing relationship among urban environment, health, and poverty, it is necessary to clarify and characterize the influence that the physical environment has on community socioeconomic outcomes. Given that Detroit has one of the highest poverty rates among large metropolitan areas in the United States, this study aims to identify environmental and urban features that have influenced poverty in this city by assessing whether changes in household income are associated with characteristics of the built environment. The difference of median household income (DMHI) between 2017 and 2013 and 27 environmental and urban variables were investigated using both geographic distribution mapping and statistical correlation analysis. Results suggest that proximity of housing to job opportunity areas, as well as to certain educational and health-related facilities, were positively related to increasing household incomes. These findings outline a healthy urban design that may benefit community socioeconomic outcomes—specifically a design with dense and mixed-use areas, good accessibility, high presence of urban facilities, and features that promote a healthy lifestyle (involving physical activity and a healthy diet). In this sense, urban planning and public health may be important allies for poverty resilience.

scholarly journals Use of Social Media Platforms among Adults in the United States—Behavior on Social Media

Societies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Hruska ◽  
Petra Maresova
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Media Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Brand Awareness ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Household Incomes ◽  
The U.S

Social media has evolved over the last decade to become an important driver for acquiring and spreading information in different domains such as business, entertainment, crisis management, and politics. The increasing popularity of social media raises a number of questions regarding why we use it so much and what aspects influence this activity. What about gender? What about education, income, age or social status? This paper answers some of these questions using statistical analyses and by dividing overall social media use into selected social media, i.e., Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, YouTube, and Twitter. The analysis used a dataset that contains information related to 2002 respondents from the U.S. and their social media activity. The results show that people with high household incomes and high education use social media the most. As age increases, social media use decreases, while bigger household income means that social media are used more. Overall, understanding where and at what frequency users are on social media can be a key competitive advantage. When using social networks correctly for marketing, companies can significantly improve their brand awareness, customer satisfaction, quality, reach, and profit.

The Role of Adolescent Health in Adult SES Outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana C. Andersen ◽  
Pinar Mine Gunes
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Adolescent Health ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Family Background ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Genetic Traits ◽  
Socioeconomic Outcomes ◽  
Income Accounting

AbstractThis paper explores the effects of adolescent health and adolescent mental health on long-term socioeconomic outcomes in the United States. Within-twin estimations are employed to overcome the bias generated by unobserved family background and genetic traits. The results indicate that poor adolescent health reduces long-term health, earnings, and household income. Accounting for life-cycle effects suggests that the effect of poor adolescent health on household income and earnings increases over the life cycle. Finally, we demonstrate that the effects on income are a consequence of the persistence of adolescent health on future health.

scholarly journals Prospective evaluation of the impact of stress, anxiety, and depression on household income among young women with early breast cancer from the Young and Strong trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin E. Cook ◽  
Shoshana M. Rosenberg ◽  
Kathryn J. Ruddy ◽  
William T. Barry ◽  
Mary Greaney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Household Income ◽  
The United States ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Household Incomes ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Young women with breast cancer tend to report lower quality of life and higher levels of stress than older women with breast cancer, and this may have implications for other psychosocial factors including finances. We sought to determine if stress, anxiety, and depression at diagnosis were associated with changes in household income over 12-months in young women with breast cancer in the United States. Methods This study was a prospective, longitudinal cohort study comprised of women enrolled in the Young and Strong trial. Of the 467 women aged 18–45 newly diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer enrolled in the Young and Strong trial from 2012 to 2013, 356 (76%) answered income questions. Change in household income from baseline to 12 months was assessed and women were categorized as having lost, gained, maintained the same household income <$100,000, or maintained household income ≥$100,000. Patient-reported stress, anxiety, and depression were assessed close to diagnosis at trial enrollment. Adjusted multinomial logistic regression models were used to compare women who lost, gained, or maintained household income ≥$100,000 to women who maintained the same household income <$100,000. Results Although most women maintained household income ≥$100,000 (37.1%) or the same household income <$100,000 (32.3%), 15.4% lost household income and 15.2% gained household income. Stress, anxiety, and depression were not associated with gaining or losing household income compared to women maintaining household incomes <$100,000. Women with household incomes <$50,000 had a higher risk of losing household income compared to women with household incomes ≥$50,000. Women who maintained household incomes ≥$100,000 were less likely to report financial or insurance problems. Among women who lost household income, 56% reported financial problems and 20% reported insurance problems at 12 months. Conclusions Baseline stress, anxiety, and depression were not associated with household income changes for young women with breast cancer. However, lower baseline household income was associated with losing household income. Some young survivors encounter financial and insurance problems in the first year after diagnosis, and further support for these women should be considered. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01647607; date registered: July 23, 2012.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Income and Oral Health: A Critical Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 853-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Singh ◽  
M.A. Peres ◽  
R.G. Watt
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
The United States ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
Oral Health Outcomes

In this critical review, we summarized the evidence on associations between individual/household income and oral health, between income inequality and oral health, and income-related inequalities in oral health. Meta-analyses of mainly cross-sectional studies confirm that low individual/household income is associated with oral cancer (odds ratio, 2.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.59–3.65), dental caries prevalence (prevalence ratio, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.18–1.41), any caries experience (odds ratio, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.19–1.65), tooth loss (odds ratio, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.48–1.86), and traumatic dental injuries (odds ratio, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.65–0.89). Reviews also confirm qualitatively that low income is associated with periodontal disease and poor oral health–related quality of life. Limited evidence from the United States shows that psychosocial and behavioral explanations only partially explain associations between low individual/household income and oral health. Few country-level studies and a handful of subnational studies from the United States, Japan, and Brazil show associations between area-level income inequality and poor oral health. However, this evidence is conflicting given that the association between area-level income inequality and oral health outcomes varies considerably by contexts and by oral health outcomes. Evidence also shows cross-national variations in income-related inequalities in oral health outcomes of self-rated oral health, dental care, oral health–related quality of life, outcomes of dental caries, and outcomes of tooth loss. There is a lack of discussion in oral health literature about limitations of using income as a measure of social position. Future studies on the relationship between income and oral health can benefit substantially from recent theoretical and methodological advancements in social epidemiology that include application of an intersectionality framework, improvements in reporting of inequality, and causal modeling approaches. Theoretically well-informed studies that apply robust epidemiological methods are required to address knowledge gaps for designing relevant policy interventions to reduce income-related inequalities in oral health.

Health Communication: Implications for Diverse Populations

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Amy Hasselkus
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Good Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Health Care Decisions ◽  
Diverse Backgrounds ◽  
Health Related

The need for improved communication about health-related topics is evident in statistics about the health literacy of adults living in the United States. The negative impact of poor health communication is huge, resulting in poor health outcomes, health disparities, and high health care costs. The importance of good health communication is relevant to all patient populations, including those from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. Efforts are underway at all levels, from individual professionals to the federal government, to improve the information patients receive so that they can make appropriate health care decisions. This article describes these efforts and discusses how speech-language pathologists and audiologists may be impacted.

The Complexity of Health Disparities: More Than Just Black–White Differences

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Charles Ellis ◽  
Molly Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Health Disparities ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Language Pathology

Health disparities have once again moved to the forefront of America's consciousness with the recent significant observation of dramatically higher death rates among African Americans with COVID-19 when compared to White Americans. Health disparities have a long history in the United States, yet little consideration has been given to their impact on the clinical outcomes in the rehabilitative health professions such as speech-language pathology/audiology (SLP/A). Consequently, it is unclear how the absence of a careful examination of health disparities in fields like SLP/A impacts the clinical outcomes desired or achieved. The purpose of this tutorial is to examine the issue of health disparities in relationship to SLP/A. This tutorial includes operational definitions related to health disparities and a review of the social determinants of health that are the underlying cause of such disparities. The tutorial concludes with a discussion of potential directions for the study of health disparities in SLP/A to identify strategies to close the disparity gap in health-related outcomes that currently exists.

PENGARUH PENDAPATAN RUMAH TANGGA TERHADAP KONSUMSI DAGING (SAPI, BABI DAN AYAM ) DI DESA SEA I KECAMATAN PINELENG

ZOOTEC ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Richie A.F. Osak ◽  
V V.J Panelewen ◽  
J. Pandey ◽  
I. D.R Lumenta
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Village

ABSTRACT THE EFFECT OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME ON MEAT CONSUMPTION (BEEF, PORK AND CHIKEN) AT THE VILLAGE OF SEA I, PINELENG DISTRICT.This study aims to determine the magnitude of meat consumption (beef, porl and chiken) of household based on income levels in the Village of Sea I, Pineleng district and to determine the effect of household income on meat consumption (beef, porl and chiken) in the Village of Sea I, Pineleng district. Formulation of research problem is how much they purchased meat (beef, porl and chiken) consumption household in the Village of Sea I, Pineleng district. This study was conducted in the Village of Sea I, Pineleng district. Study was conducted using a survey method, and data were obtained through primary data and secondary data. Determination of the location (rural sample) in the study was conducted by purposive sampling method. Number of samples used in this study were 30 people. Data of this study were analyzed by descriptive and mathematical analysis methods. Income indicated the amount of income earned in a month household, whether they were from the household head or sourced from other household members who work and earn income. From the money earned, the highest number of respondents had incomes between 1.000.000 to 3.000.000/month with the percentage of 70 %, while the number of respondents with the smallest income was less than 1.000.000/month with the percentage of 16.67 %. The difference of income held by the respondents in the Village of Sea I, would have an impact on the amount of meat purchases each month. This was in accordance with the opinion Sukirno (2002) stating that most of the disposable income is used to buy food and clothing. Most of the meat consumed by people in the Village of Sea I was pork and chicken meat compared to beef, it was because the price of beef was relatively expensive compared to the price of pork and chicken meat. Based on research results, pork was the most meat consumed by family respondents about 21 families with the percentage of 70 % of respondents, followed by chicken meat about 18 families with the percentage of 60 % of respondents, and beef by 8 families with the percentage of 26 respondents, 67 % of domestic poultry and meat about 6 families with the percentage of 20 % of respondents. Based on the results of research, it can be concluded that household income significantly affect the consumption of meat in the Village of Sea I, Pineleng district and the average consumption of meat in the Village of Sea I, Pineleng district was about 8,9  kg/capita/year, below the national target of 10,3  kg/capita/year.   Key Words : Household income, meat consumption, Sea I Village.

Stability and mutual impact of perception of parental pressure and infants' social support – A study based on the difference between employment status and household income

2021 ◽  
pp. 002072092199705
Author(s):  
Yong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Working Mothers ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Parental Pressure ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Stability

The purpose of this study is to explore the stability and interaction between parental pressure and social research report, as well as the role of employment status and family income levels in this process. This study used a special study on Korean children (PSKC) 2–4 waves. Use t-test, correlation and autoregressive cross-delay modeling to analyze the data. The main findings of this study are: First, over time, parental pressure and mother’s social research report are consistent. Secondly, the pressure of motherhood and childcare has an obvious lagging effect on upbringing, and vice versa. Third, there is no significant difference between working mothers and non-working mothers in terms of the stability of working parents' pressure, social research report and social research report for children's pressure channels. However, parental pressure can only predict the social research report of working mothers. Fourth, there is no significant difference between the stability and interaction of these two structures in household income levels. In short, the results show that, over time, parental pressure is consistent with mother’s social research report. The results also show that there is a significant cross-lag effect between the mothers’ perceptions of mutual pressure analysis. In the process from parental pressure to social research report, I found the difference between working and non-working mothers. The advantage of this study is that the expected longitudinal design was adopted during infancy and the priority between the two structures can be considered. The results of this study can be used as a source of intervention plans to help parents withstand severe parenting pressure and lack of social research report.

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